A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of slope fractured rock mass

Abstract

The present invention discloses a monitoring device and method for the permeability characteristics of a fractured rock mass on a slope, and relates to the technical field of surveying fractured rock mass on a slope, including a rock mass and a protective cover; a water injection unit installed on the protective cover and used to inject water into the rock mass, wherein the water injection unit includes a water injection pipe fixedly installed at one end of the protective cover, and the protective cover is connected to the water injection pipe, and the other end of the protective cover is fixedly connected to a water injection head. The device monitors the monitoring hole with different water pressures for multiple times by changing the water pressure in the water injection pipe, so as to improve the accuracy of monitoring. At the same time, during the monitoring process, the water pressure in the water injection pipe can be changed by changing the shape of the conical rubber to ensure that the water pressure in the water injection pipe is uniform, thereby further improving the accuracy of monitoring. The shape of the conical rubber can be changed from a cone to a columnar shape to achieve monitoring from inclined to horizontal, meet the monitoring of slopes with different inclination angles, and have a wider range of applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope fissure rock mass surveying, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring the permeability characteristics of slope fissure rock mass. Background Art

[0002] Slope fissure rock mass usually refers to the presence of cracks and joints in the rock, which is an important issue in rock engineering and geological engineering. Fissures and joints are naturally formed cracks and parallel surfaces in rocks, which will affect the stability of the rock mass and the safety of engineering construction. In order to reduce the potential safety hazards caused by collapse or fall of the slope fissure rock mass, it is necessary to regularly monitor the permeability of the slope fissure rock mass to determine the stability of the slope fissure rock mass.

[0003] At present, there are several methods for monitoring the permeability of slope fractured rock mass: borehole pressure test method, quantitative permeability test method, permeability determination method, water pressure injection test method and permeability curve method. Due to the particularity of slope fractured rock mass, the most commonly used test method is the borehole pressure test method, which is not only convenient to operate, but also has higher test accuracy.

[0004] Announcement No. CN108444889B discloses a variable-pressure adjustable rock fracture permeability testing device, which includes a plugger, a converter, a connecting pipe, a drilling rig, a drill rod and a control console. The converter is threadedly connected to the tail of the front plugger, and contains an inner ring, a spring and a cross-wire sleeve. The compression degree of the spring is changed by adjusting the cross-wire sleeve, thereby controlling the opening pressure of the inner ring; after the front plugger and the tail plugger expand, a water injection cavity is formed with the borehole, and external high-pressure water enters the water injection cavity through the converter to detect the permeability of the borehole fracture.

[0005] The test device simplifies the external operating system and operating steps, reduces the pipe in the borehole to one, avoids the problem of drill rod winding, improves the stability of the measurement process, and uses the same water source to realize the sealing process and the measurement process working at their own pressures, and realizes the variable pressure adjustment of the converter to adapt to different working environments and opening pressure requirements. However, during the specific use of the test device, water is injected into the cavity through the water injection pipe, and the water injection pipe remains inside the cavity. Since the slope is in an inclined state, the water injection pipe is also in an inclined state, so the water pressure at the bottom and top of the water injection pipe is inconsistent, resulting in uneven pressure in the cavity, which affects the accuracy of the test.

[0006] Therefore, a new type of slope fracture rock mass permeability characteristics monitoring device and method can be used to solve the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of inaccurate testing caused by uneven pressure in the prior art, and to propose a device and method for monitoring the permeability characteristics of fractured rock mass in a slope.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass, comprising a rock mass and a protective cover;

[0010] A water injection part is installed on the protective cover and is used to inject water into the rock mass. The water injection part includes a water injection pipe fixedly installed at one end of the protective cover, and the protective cover is connected to the water injection pipe. The other end of the protective cover is fixedly connected to a water injection head. A plurality of water outlet holes are opened on the water injection pipe, and a one-way pipe is fixedly installed in each of the water outlet holes. A sealing ring is fixedly installed on the outside of the water injection pipe;

[0011] A locking part is installed outside the water injection pipe and is used to lock the water injection pipe so that the water injection pipe and the rock mass are stuck. The locking part includes a plurality of receiving grooves provided on the outer wall of the water injection pipe, a rotating shaft 1 is rotatably installed in each of the receiving grooves, a plurality of clamping cones are fixedly installed on each of the rotating shafts 1, a spring coil 1 is fixedly installed between each of the rotating shafts 1 and the corresponding receiving groove, and a plurality of locking mechanisms matched with the corresponding clamping cones are installed on the protective cover;

[0012] The pressure regulating part is installed inside the water injection pipe and is used to adjust the water pressure inside the water injection pipe. The pressure regulating part includes a conical rubber fixedly installed inside the water injection pipe, one end of the conical rubber is fixedly connected to the end of the water injection pipe, and the other end of the conical rubber is fixedly sleeved with a sealing rubber. An adjusting mechanism matching the conical rubber is installed in the water injection pipe.

[0013] In the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of fractured rock mass on a slope, the end face of the clamping cone is in a cone shape, and a plurality of conical blocks are fixedly mounted on the end of the clamping cone away from the rotating shaft.

[0014] In the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of slope fractured rock mass, the locking mechanism includes a push rod slidably installed on the protective cover, a push plate matched with the clamping cone is fixedly installed on the push rod, and the push plate and the push rod pass through the water injection pipe and extend into the receiving groove, a clamping plate is fixedly installed on multiple push rods, multiple return springs are fixedly installed between the clamping plate and the protective cover, and a locking structure matched with the clamping plate is installed on the protective cover.

[0015] In the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of slope fractured rock mass, the locking structure includes two brackets fixedly mounted on the protective cover, each of the two brackets has a rotating shaft 2 rotatably mounted thereon, each of the two rotating shafts 2 has a hook fixedly mounted thereon, the clamping plate has two slots matching the corresponding hooks, and a spring roll 2 is fixedly mounted between the two hooks and the corresponding rotating shaft 2.

[0016] In the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of slope fractured rock mass, the adjusting mechanism includes a tube body fixedly mounted on a water injection pipe, a plurality of fixed rings fixedly mounted on the tube body, a plurality of slide rails fixedly mounted on each of the fixed rings, a sliding rod fixedly connected to a conical rubber being slidably mounted on each of the slide rails through a slider, and a movable structure cooperating with the plurality of sliders being mounted on the tube body.

[0017] In the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of fractured rock mass on a slope, the pipe body is composed of multiple sections of pipes, each section of the pipes is fixedly connected by a connecting rod, one end of the pipe body is fixedly connected to the water injection pipe, and the other end is suspended.

[0018] In the above-mentioned slope fracture rock permeability characteristics monitoring device, the movable structure includes a screw rod rotatably installed in a tube body, the screw rod is designed in a bamboo-section indirect design, and the pitch of each screw rod section is different. From the small diameter to the large diameter of the conical rubber, the pitch of the screw rod is designed to gradually decrease. A plurality of nuts are threadedly rotatably installed on the screw rod, and a disc is fixedly installed on each of the nuts. A plurality of telescopic rods are fixedly installed between each of the discs and the corresponding fixed rings, and a plurality of rotating rods are rotatably installed on each of the discs. Each of the rotating rods is rotatably connected to the corresponding slider, and a driving component matching the screw rod is installed in the protective cover.

[0019] In the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of slope fractured rock mass, the driving component includes a motor fixedly mounted inside a protective cover, a square plug rod is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the motor, a square plug block matching the square slot is provided on the screw rod, and a waterproof component matching the motor is installed on the protective cover.

[0020] In the above-mentioned slope fissure rock permeability characteristics monitoring device, the waterproof component includes partition one and partition two fixedly installed inside the protective cover, the motor is located between partition one and partition two, and the partition one and partition two are connected through a water pipe. The partition one and partition two divide the space inside the protective cover into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, wherein the motor is located in the second chamber, the water injection head is connected to the third chamber, and the water injection pipe is connected to the first chamber.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a fractured rock mass on a slope, comprising the above-mentioned device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a fractured rock mass on a slope, and further comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Drill through the selected test rock layer. During the drilling process, the test rock layer should be prevented from being disturbed as much as possible. Casing should be lowered while drilling. The inner wall of the rock layer should be smoothed with casing. After the drilling is completed, the casing should be removed and the borehole should be cleaned. Since the hole needs to be kept dry, air blowing is used for cleaning;

[0023] S2. After cleaning, insert the water injection pipe into the hole and extend it to the bottom of the hole. According to the drilling record, record the distance from the bottom of the water injection pipe to the bottom of the hole, and measure the stable water level. Before the water injection test, the groundwater level should be observed as the basis for the pressure calculation zero line.

[0024] S3, after the water injection pipe is inserted into the hole, the locking mechanism drives the cone to rotate around the rotating shaft, so that the cone extends out of the receiving groove. At this time, if the water injection pipe is pulled back, the cone will be stuck on the inner wall of the hole to prevent the water injection pipe from running out of the hole, thereby preventing the water pressure from squeezing the water injection pipe out of the hole. At the same time, the sealing ring extends into the hole to seal the hole and prevent the water in the hole from overflowing;

[0025] S4. Water injection. If there is tap water near the monitoring area, it can be led to the water injection hole and connected to the water injection head, and then connected to the flow meter and water stop valve in sequence. If there is no tap water, a measuring cylinder can be used instead, and water can be filled manually. Water can be refilled into the water injection pipe through external pressure equipment to change the water pressure in the water injection pipe. Multiple different water pressure monitoring can be performed. The water in the water injection pipe will enter the monitoring hole through the one-way pipe on the water outlet;

[0026] S5. Start with 5 flow observations, with an interval of 5 minutes; then observe once every 20 minutes, and at least observe twice. When the difference between two consecutive observations is no more than 5%, the test can be ended; take the injection flow as the calculation value. When the water leakage of the test section is greater than the water supply capacity, the water supply should be recorded. During the monitoring process, the water pressure needs to be changed and multiple monitoring should be carried out;

[0027] S6. During the monitoring process, since the water injection pipe is inserted into the hole at an angle, the water pressure at the bottom of the water injection pipe is greater than the water pressure at the top of the water injection pipe under the action of water gravity. This will cause inconsistent water pressure in the hole and affect the monitoring accuracy. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the shape of the conical rubber through an adjustment mechanism to adjust the water pressure and ensure that the water pressure in the water injection pipe is consistent and uniform up and down.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. During the monitoring of the permeability characteristics of the rock mass in the slope fracture, the device can lock the water injection pipe by setting a cone to prevent the water injection pipe from being squeezed out of the monitoring hole under the action of water pressure, making the monitoring more stable. With the help of the push rod, push plate, clamping plate and clamping hook, the cone can be retracted into the receiving groove to release the lock of the cone on the water injection pipe. In addition, with the use of a sealing ring, the monitoring hole can be blocked to prevent the water in the monitoring hole from overflowing, thereby improving the accuracy of monitoring.

[0030] 2. During the monitoring of the permeability characteristics of the fractured rock mass in the slope, the device can change the inner diameter of the water injection pipe by setting the conical rubber, thereby changing the flow rate of the water flow in the water injection pipe. Due to the different flow rates, the water pressure in the water injection pipe will also be different. The end face of the conical rubber is a truncated cone, and the diameter of the conical rubber at the bottom of the water injection pipe is smaller than the diameter at the top of the water injection pipe. In this way, the water flow rate at the bottom of the water injection pipe is smaller than the water flow rate at the top of the water injection pipe. Therefore, the water pressure at the bottom of the water injection pipe is smaller than the water pressure at the top of the water injection pipe. The water pressure at the bottom of the water injection pipe also needs to increase the weight of the water itself. Therefore, under the combined effect of the fluid water pressure and the water weight, the water pressure at the bottom of the water injection pipe is kept consistent with the water pressure at the top of the water injection pipe, which can effectively improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0031] 3. During the monitoring of the permeability characteristics of the rock mass in the fractured slope, the device can drive the screw to rotate by setting a motor, thereby driving the nut to move. The movement of the nut drives the rotating rod to move and rotate, thereby driving the slider to move. The slider drives the sliding rod to move, thereby changing the shape of the conical rubber. Due to the different pitches of the screw, the displacement of the sliding rod is different, so the displacement of the smaller diameter end of the conical rubber is greater than the displacement of the larger diameter end of the conical rubber, thereby changing the conical rubber into a cylindrical rubber. In this way, the catchment area in the water injection pipe is equal and the flow rate is equal. It is suitable for horizontally placed water injection pipes. From inclined to horizontal, the process can be freely adjusted and is suitable for water injection monitoring at different angles, thereby meeting the monitoring of slope fractures with different inclinations.

[0032] To summarize, the device monitors the monitoring hole at different water pressures multiple times by changing the water pressure in the water injection pipe, so as to improve the monitoring accuracy. At the same time, during the monitoring process, the water pressure in the water injection pipe can be changed by changing the shape of the conical rubber to ensure that the water pressure in the water injection pipe is uniform, thereby further improving the monitoring accuracy. The shape of the conical rubber can be changed from cone to columnar to achieve monitoring from inclined to horizontal, meet the monitoring of slopes with different inclination angles, and have a wider range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged structural schematic detail diagram of the middle protective cover portion;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural schematic detail diagram of the middle cone portion;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the planar structure of the middle protective cover, the clamping plate, the clamping cone and the water injection head;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic detailed diagram of the three-dimensional structure;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Detailed diagram of the structure after the pallet is removed;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic detailed view of the plan structure along one of the angles;

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Detailed schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure along the AA section;

[0042] Fig. 9 for Figure 2 A detailed diagram showing the enlarged structure of the middle water injection pipe, the one-way pipe and the sealing ring;

[0043] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic detailed view of the plan structure along one of the angles;

[0044] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Detailed schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure along the BB section;

[0045] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A detailed diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle cone rubber and its surrounding parts;

[0046] Fig.13 for Fig.12 A schematic detailed view of the plan structure along one of the angles;

[0047] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Detailed schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure along the CC section;

[0048] Fig.15 for Fig.14Enlarged structural schematic details of the middle tube body, fixed ring, slide rail, slide rod and other components;

[0049] Fig.16 for Fig.15 A schematic detailed view of the plan structure along one of the angles;

[0050] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A detailed diagram of the enlarged structure of a single fixed ring, a slide rail and a slide rod;

[0051] Fig.18 for Fig.17 Detailed schematic diagram of the structure after being rotated to a certain angle;

[0052] Fig.19 for Fig.15 A detailed diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle tube body and the lead screw;

[0053] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 Detailed schematic diagram of the decomposed structure.

[0054] In the figure: 1 rock mass, 2 protective cover, 3 water injection pipe, 4 sealing ring, 5 clamping plate, 6 water injection head, 7 clamping cone, 8 one-way pipe, 9 rotating shaft 1, 10 spring roll 1, 11 push plate, 12 push rod, 13 return spring, 14 clamping groove, 15 clamping hook, 16 rotating shaft 2, 17 spring roll 2, 18 partition 1, 19 water guide pipe, 20 partition 2, 21 motor, 22 conical rubber, 23 sealing rubber, 24 pipe body, 25 fixing ring, 26 slide rail, 27 sliding rod, 28 connecting rod, 29 telescopic rod, 30 screw rod, 31 slider, 32 disc, 33 nut, 34 rotating rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass comprises a rock mass 1 and a protective cover 2; a water injection part, which is installed on the protective cover 2 and is used to inject water into the rock mass 1. The water injection part comprises a water injection pipe 3 fixedly installed at one end of the protective cover 2, and the protective cover 2 is connected to the water injection pipe 3, and the other end of the protective cover 2 is fixedly connected to a water injection head 6, on which a flange is fixedly installed, and the water injection head 6 can be connected to an external boosting device through the flange, so as to inject water of different water pressures into the water injection head 6, so as to change the water pressure in the water injection pipe 3.

[0057] There are multiple water outlet holes on the water injection pipe 3, and a one-way pipe 8 is fixedly installed in each water outlet hole. The function of the one-way pipe 8 is to prevent dust or other substances in the monitoring hole from entering the water injection pipe 3 and causing the water injection pipe 3 to be blocked, so that the water in the water injection pipe 3 can flow out more smoothly.

[0058] A sealing ring 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the water injection pipe 3. The sealing ring 4 is made of rubber material, and the diameter of the sealing ring 4 is larger than the diameter of the monitoring hole. In this way, the monitoring hole can be completely blocked to prevent water in the monitoring hole from overflowing, thereby ensuring that the water pressure in the monitoring hole is stable.

[0059] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that: Figure 2-Figure 8 The locking part is installed on the outside of the water injection pipe 3 and is used to lock the water injection pipe 3 so that the water injection pipe 3 and the rock mass 1 are stuck. The locking part includes a plurality of receiving grooves provided on the outer wall of the water injection pipe 3. The depth of the receiving grooves is greater than the width of the clamping cone 7, so that the clamping cone 7 can be completely received in the receiving grooves. When the water injection pipe 3 is extended into the monitoring hole, since the clamping cone 7 is received in the receiving grooves, the clamping cone 7 will not contact the inner wall of the monitoring hole, so it will not cause scratches on the inner wall of the monitoring hole. This not only ensures the airtightness of the monitoring hole, but also effectively prevents dust from falling into the monitoring hole again to affect the monitoring.

[0060] A rotating shaft 9 is rotatably installed in each receiving groove, and a plurality of cones 7 are fixedly installed on each rotating shaft 9. A spring roll 10 is fixedly installed between each rotating shaft 9 and the corresponding receiving groove. A plurality of locking mechanisms cooperating with the corresponding cones 7 are installed on the protective cover 2. When not rotating, the spring roll 10 is in a normal state. Once it rotates and does not restrict the cone 7, the spring roll 10 will automatically retract the cone 7 into the receiving groove without manual retraction, so that the water injection pipe 3 can be easily taken out of the monitoring hole.

[0061] The end face of the cone 7 is conical, and a plurality of conical blocks are fixedly mounted on the end of the cone 7 away from the rotating shaft 9. The function of the conical blocks is to increase the contact area with the inner wall of the monitoring hole, thereby increasing the friction force and making the water injection pipe 3 more stable.

[0062] The locking mechanism includes a push rod 12 that is slidably mounted on the protective cover 2, a push plate 11 that matches the clamping cone 7 is fixedly mounted on the push rod 12, and the push plate 11 and the push rod 12 pass through the water injection pipe 3 and extend into the storage groove, a clamping plate 5 is fixedly mounted on the plurality of push rods 12, a plurality of return springs 13 are fixedly mounted between the clamping plate 5 and the protective cover 2, and a locking structure that matches the clamping plate 5 is mounted on the protective cover 2;

[0063] Pushing the push rod 12 will drive the push plate 11 to move toward the side close to the cone 7. Since the end face of the push plate 11 is trapezoidal, it will be inserted into the space between the cone 7 and the water injection pipe 3, pushing the cone 7 open and causing the cone 7 to rotate around the rotating shaft 9, thereby expanding the cone 7. After expansion, the cone 7 will be against the inner wall of the monitoring hole, and the water injection pipe 3 cannot be pulled outward at this time, thereby locking the water injection pipe 3.

[0064] In a further embodiment, the locking structure includes two brackets fixedly mounted on the protective cover 2, each bracket has a second rotating shaft 16 rotatably mounted thereon, each of the two second rotating shafts 16 has a hook 15 fixedly mounted thereon, the card plate 5 has two slots 14 matched with the corresponding hooks 15, and a second spring roll 17 is fixedly mounted between the two hooks 15 and the corresponding second rotating shafts 16;

[0065] As the card plate 5 moves, the hook 15 will pass through the slot 14 on the card plate 5. During the passing process, the hook 15 will abut against the inner wall of the slot 14 on the card plate 5, causing the hook 15 to rotate around the rotating shaft 2 16 until the hook 15 completely passes through the slot 14. At this time, under the action of the spring coil 2 17, the hook 15 is reset and stuck in the slot 14 to lock the card plate 5. Since the push rod 12 is fixedly connected to the card plate 5, the push rod 12 and the push plate 11 will be locked, and the push plate 11 will not move. Therefore, the cone 7 will not rebound under the action of the spring coil 10, and will always abut against the inside of the monitoring hole.

[0066] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is different from the technical solution of Embodiment 2 in that: Figure 2 , Figure 6-Figure 20 The pressure regulating part is installed inside the water injection pipe 3 and is used to adjust the water pressure inside the water injection pipe 3. The pressure regulating part includes a conical rubber 22 fixedly installed inside the water injection pipe 3. One end of the conical rubber 22 is fixedly connected to the end of the water injection pipe 3. The other end of the conical rubber 22 is fixedly sleeved with a sealing rubber 23. An adjusting mechanism matching the conical rubber 22 is installed in the water injection pipe 3.

[0067] The thickness of the sealing rubber 23 is about 1 mm, and it has great ductility and can be expanded with the expansion of the conical rubber 22. Its function is to prevent water in the water injection pipe 3 from entering the conical rubber 22 to avoid pressure relief. It is also to protect the components in the conical rubber 22 and extend the service life of the components.

[0068] The regulating mechanism includes a pipe body 24 fixedly mounted on the water injection pipe 3. The pipe body 24 is composed of multiple pipe sections. Each pipe section is fixedly connected by a connecting rod 28. One end of the pipe body 24 is fixedly connected to the water injection pipe 3, and the other end is suspended. Multiple fixing rings 25 are fixedly mounted on the pipe body 24.

[0069] like Figure 19-20 As shown, the pipe body 24 is designed to be composed of multiple pipes, and the fixing ring 25 is fixedly installed on the pipes, so that the fixing ring 25 can be fixed without affecting the operation of the components on the fixing ring 25.

[0070] A plurality of slide rails 26 are fixedly mounted on each fixed ring 25, a slide rod 27 fixedly connected to the conical rubber 22 is slidably mounted on each slide rail 26 via a slider 31, and a moving structure matched with the plurality of sliders 31 is mounted on the tube body 24;

[0071] The moving structure includes a screw rod 30 rotatably mounted in the tube body 24. The screw rod 30 is designed as a bamboo-section indirection, and the pitch of each section of the screw rod 30 is different. From the small diameter to the large diameter direction of the tapered rubber 22, the pitch of the screw rod 30 is designed to gradually decrease. A plurality of nuts 33 are rotatably mounted on the screw rod 30, and a disc 32 is fixedly mounted on each nut 33. A plurality of telescopic rods 29 are fixedly mounted between each disc 32 and the corresponding fixed ring 25. A plurality of rotating rods 34 are rotatably mounted on each disc 32, and each rotating rod 34 is rotatably connected to the corresponding slider 31. A driving component matching the screw rod 30 is installed in the protective cover 2;

[0072] The screw rod 30 rotates to drive the nut 33 threadably connected thereto to move. Since the nut 33 will not rotate with the screw rod 30 under the action of the telescopic rod 29, the nut 33 will only move. The movement of the nut 33 drives the rotating rod 34 to move. The rotating rod 34 will rotate during the movement, thereby driving the slider 31 to slide on the slide rail 26. The sliding of the slider 31 drives the sliding rod 27 to move. Since the pitches on the screw rod 30 are different, the movement distances of different nuts 33 are different. The nut 33 at the bottom has the largest displacement, and the nut 33 at the top has the smallest displacement. In this way, the conical rubber 22 can be gradually pressed into a cylindrical rubber, thereby changing the water pressure in the water injection pipe 3.

[0073] In a further embodiment, the driving component includes a motor 21 fixedly mounted inside the protective cover 2, a square plug rod is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the motor 21, a square plug block matching the square slot is provided on the screw rod 30, and a waterproof component matching the motor 21 is installed on the protective cover 2;

[0074] The driving end of the motor 21 rotates to drive the square plug-in block to rotate, and the square slot drives the screw rod 30 to rotate. The purpose of using the square plug-in block and the square slot is to facilitate the disassembly of the motor 21 and the screw rod 30.

[0075] The waterproof component includes a partition 18 and a partition 20 fixedly installed inside the protective cover 2, a motor 21 is located between the partition 18 and the partition 2 20, the partition 18 and the partition 2 20 are connected through a water pipe 19, and the partition 18 and the partition 2 20 divide the space inside the protective cover 2 into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, wherein the motor 21 is located in the second chamber, the water injection head 6 is connected to the third chamber, and the water injection pipe 3 is connected to the first chamber;

[0076] The specific operation steps of this device are as follows:

[0077] S1. Drill through the selected test rock layer. During the drilling process, the test rock layer should be prevented from being disturbed as much as possible. Casing should be lowered while drilling. The inner wall of the rock layer should be smoothed with casing. After the drilling is completed, the casing should be removed and the borehole should be cleaned. Since the hole needs to be kept dry, air blowing is used for cleaning;

[0078] S2. After the cleaning is completed, the water injection pipe 3 is inserted into the hole so that the water injection pipe 3 extends to the bottom of the hole. The distance from the bottom of the water injection pipe 3 to the bottom of the hole is recorded according to the drilling record, and the stable water level is measured. Before the water injection test, the groundwater level should be observed as the basis for the pressure calculation zero line;

[0079] S3, after the water injection pipe 3 is inserted into the hole, the locking mechanism drives the cone 7 to rotate around the rotating shaft 9, so that the cone 7 extends out of the receiving groove. At this time, if the water injection pipe 3 is pulled back, the cone 7 will be stuck on the inner wall of the hole to prevent the water injection pipe 3 from running out of the hole, thereby preventing the water pressure from squeezing the water injection pipe 3 out of the hole. At the same time, the sealing ring 4 extends into the hole to block the hole and prevent the water in the hole from overflowing;

[0080] S4, water injection. If there is tap water near the monitoring area, it can be connected to the water injection hole and connected to the water injection head 6, and then the flow meter and the water stop valve are connected in sequence. If there is no tap water, a measuring cylinder can be used instead, and water can be filled manually. Water can be refilled into the water injection pipe 3 through an external pressure device to change the water pressure in the water injection pipe 3. Multiple different water pressure monitorings are performed, and the water in the water injection pipe 3 will enter the monitoring hole through the one-way pipe 8 on the water outlet;

[0081] S5. Start with 5 flow observations, with an interval of 5 minutes; then observe once every 20 minutes, and at least observe twice. When the difference between two consecutive observations is no more than 5%, the test can be ended; take the injection flow as the calculation value. When the water leakage of the test section is greater than the water supply capacity, the water supply should be recorded. During the monitoring process, the water pressure needs to be changed and multiple monitoring should be carried out;

[0082] S6. During the monitoring process, since the water injection pipe 3 is inserted into the hole at an angle, the water pressure at the bottom of the water injection pipe 3 is greater than the water pressure at the top of the water injection pipe 3 under the action of the gravity of the water, which will cause inconsistent water pressure in the hole and affect the monitoring accuracy. At this time, the motor 21 needs to be turned on, and the square plug block is driven to rotate by the driving end of the motor 21, and the screw rod 30 is driven to rotate under the action of the square slot;

[0083] The rotation of the screw rod 30 drives the nut 33 threadably connected thereto to move. Since the nut 33 will not rotate with the screw rod 30 under the action of the telescopic rod 29, the nut 33 will only move, and the movement of the nut 33 drives the rotating rod 34 to move. The rotating rod 34 will rotate during the movement, thereby driving the slider 31 to slide on the slide rail 26. The sliding of the slider 31 drives the sliding rod 27 to move. Since the pitches on the screw rod 30 are different, the movement distances of different nuts 33 are different. The nut 33 at the bottom has the largest displacement, and the nut 33 at the top has the smallest displacement. In this way, the conical rubber 22 can be gradually pressed into a cylindrical rubber, thereby changing the water pressure in the water injection pipe 3 to ensure that the water pressure in the water injection pipe 3 is consistent and uniform.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass, comprising a rock mass (1), characterized in that: Also includes a protective cover (2); A water injection part is installed on the protective cover (2) and is used to inject water into the rock mass (1). The water injection part comprises a water injection pipe (3) fixedly installed at one end of the protective cover (2), and the protective cover (2) is connected to the water injection pipe (3). The other end of the protective cover (2) is fixedly connected to a water injection head (6). The water injection pipe (3) is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes, and a one-way pipe (8) is fixedly installed in each of the water outlet holes. A sealing ring (4) is fixedly installed on the outside of the water injection pipe (3); A locking portion is installed outside the water injection pipe (3) and is used to lock the water injection pipe (3) so that the water injection pipe (3) and the rock mass (1) are stuck together. The locking portion comprises a plurality of receiving grooves provided on the outer wall of the water injection pipe (3), a rotating shaft (9) is rotatably installed in each of the receiving grooves, a plurality of clamping cones (7) are fixedly installed on each of the rotating shafts (9), a spring coil (10) is fixedly installed between each of the rotating shafts (9) and the corresponding receiving groove, and a plurality of locking mechanisms cooperating with the corresponding clamping cones (7) are installed on the protective cover (2); A pressure regulating part is installed inside the water injection pipe (3) and is used to regulate the water pressure inside the water injection pipe (3). The pressure regulating part comprises a conical rubber (22) fixedly installed inside the water injection pipe (3). One end of the conical rubber (22) is fixedly connected to the end of the water injection pipe (3). The other end of the conical rubber (22) is fixedly sleeved with a sealing rubber (23). An adjusting mechanism matching the conical rubber (22) is installed inside the water injection pipe (3); The regulating mechanism comprises a tube body (24) fixedly mounted on the water injection pipe (3), a plurality of fixing rings (25) fixedly mounted on the tube body (24), a plurality of slide rails (26) fixedly mounted on each of the fixing rings (25), a sliding rod (27) fixedly connected to the conical rubber (22) slidably mounted on each of the slide rails (26) via a slider (31), and a moving structure matched with the plurality of sliders (31) mounted on the tube body (24); The movable structure comprises a screw rod (30) rotatably mounted in a tube body (24); the screw rod (30) is designed in a bamboo-section indirect manner, and the pitch of each section of the screw rod (30) is different. The pitch of the screw rod (30) is designed to gradually decrease from the small diameter to the large diameter of the conical rubber (22); a plurality of nuts (33) are rotatably mounted on the screw rod (30); a disc (32) is fixedly mounted on each of the nuts (33); a plurality of telescopic rods (29) are fixedly mounted between each of the discs (32) and the corresponding fixed ring (25); a plurality of rotating rods (34) are rotatably mounted on each of the discs (32); each of the rotating rods (34) is rotatably connected to the corresponding slider (31); and a driving component matching the screw rod (30) is mounted in the protective cover (2).

2. A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face of the clamping cone (7) is in a cone shape, and a plurality of cone blocks are fixedly mounted on one end of the clamping cone (7) away from the rotating shaft (9).

3. A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a push rod (12) which is slidably mounted on the protective cover (2), a push plate (11) which cooperates with the clamping cone (7) being fixedly mounted on the push rod (12), and the push plate (11) and the push rod (12) pass through the water injection pipe (3) and extend into the storage groove, a clamping plate (5) is fixedly mounted on a plurality of the push rods (12), a plurality of return springs (13) are fixedly mounted between the clamping plate (5) and the protective cover (2), and a locking structure which cooperates with the clamping plate (5) is mounted on the protective cover (2).

4. A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking structure comprises two brackets fixedly mounted on the protective cover (2), each of the two brackets having a second rotating shaft (16) rotatably mounted thereon, each of the two second rotating shafts (16) having a hook (15) fixedly mounted thereon, the clamping plate (5) having two clamping grooves (14) matched with the corresponding clamping hooks (15), and each of the two second rotating shafts (16) having a spring roll (17) fixedly mounted therebetween.

5. The device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe body (24) is composed of a plurality of pipe sections, each of which is fixedly connected via a connecting rod (28); one end of the pipe body (24) is fixedly connected to the water injection pipe (3), and the other end is suspended.

6. A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component comprises a motor (21) fixedly mounted inside the protective cover (2); a square plug rod is fixedly mounted on the driving end of the motor (21); a square plug block matching the square slot is provided on the screw rod (30); and a waterproof component matching the motor (21) is mounted on the protective cover (2).

7. A device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The waterproof component comprises a partition plate 1 (18) and a partition plate 2 (20) fixedly mounted inside the protective cover (2); the motor (21) is located between the partition plate 1 (18) and the partition plate 2 (20); the partition plate 1 (18) and the partition plate 2 (20) are connected via a water conduit (19); the partition plate 1 (18) and the partition plate 2 (20) divide the space inside the protective cover (2) into a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, wherein the motor (21) is located in the second chamber, the water injection head (6) is connected to the third chamber, and the water injection pipe (3) is connected to the first chamber.

8. A protection method for a transformer maintenance platform, characterized in that: The device for monitoring the permeability characteristics of a slope fractured rock mass according to any one of claims 1 to 7 further comprises the following steps: S1. Drill through the selected test rock layer. During the drilling process, the test rock layer should be prevented from being disturbed as much as possible. Casing should be lowered while drilling. The inner wall of the rock layer should be smoothed with casing. After the drilling is completed, the casing should be removed and the borehole should be cleaned. Since the hole needs to be kept dry, air blowing is used for cleaning; S2. After the cleaning is completed, the water injection pipe (3) is inserted into the hole so that the water injection pipe (3) extends to the bottom of the hole. The distance from the bottom of the water injection pipe (3) to the bottom of the hole is recorded according to the drilling record, and the stable water level is measured. Before the water injection test, the groundwater level should be observed as a basis for calculating the zero line of the pressure; S3, after the water injection pipe (3) is inserted into the hole, the locking mechanism drives the clamping cone (7) to rotate around the rotating shaft (9), so that the clamping cone (7) extends out of the receiving groove. At this time, if the water injection pipe (3) is pulled back, the clamping cone (7) will be stuck on the inner wall of the hole to prevent the water injection pipe (3) from running out of the hole, thereby preventing the water pressure from squeezing the water injection pipe (3) out of the hole. At the same time, the sealing ring (4) extends into the hole to seal the hole and prevent the water in the hole from overflowing; S4, water injection. If there is tap water nearby, it can be led to the water injection hole and connected to the water injection head (6), and then connected to the flow meter and water stop valve in sequence. If there is no tap water, a measuring cylinder can be used instead and filled with water manually; S5. Start with 5 flow observations, with an interval of 5 minutes; then observe once every 20 minutes, and at least observe twice. When the difference between two consecutive observations is no more than 5%, the test can be ended; take the injection flow as the calculation value. When the water leakage of the test section is greater than the water supply capacity, the water supply should be recorded. During the monitoring process, the water pressure needs to be changed and multiple monitoring should be carried out; S6. During the monitoring process, since the water injection pipe (3) is inserted into the hole at an angle, the water pressure at the bottom of the water injection pipe (3) is greater than the water pressure at the top of the water injection pipe (3) under the action of the gravity of the water. This will cause inconsistent water pressure in the hole, affecting the monitoring accuracy. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the shape of the conical rubber (22) through an adjustment mechanism to adjust the water pressure to ensure that the water pressure in the water injection pipe (3) is consistent and uniform from top to bottom.

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