A refined assessment method and system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refined assessment method and system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the scale of urban blocks, the method comprising: generating an urban building canopy model based on terrain data of urban areas; adding background wind direction data to the urban building canopy model, calculating the near-ground aerodynamic impedance to obtain a horizontal wind field distribution map of the city; obtaining the outdoor convection heat flux density of a monitoring point by calculating the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference; calculating the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point according to the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall; superimposing the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount and the outdoor convection heat flux density to obtain the outdoor total heat flux density, and generating a heat dissipation dynamic map based on the outdoor total heat flux density of each monitoring point; converting the heat dissipation dynamic map into a carbon emission dynamic map by calorific value conversion; accurately and real-timely assessing carbon emissions in the urban environment, providing a scientific basis for energy conservation and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon emission assessment, and specifically relates to a refined assessment method and system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale. Background Art

[0002] As global climate change poses an increasingly severe threat to human society, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), has become a pressing global task. As centers of population, economic, and industrial activity, cities account for a significant portion of energy consumption and carbon emissions. Therefore, accurately assessing and effectively managing urban carbon emissions is crucial to achieving global emission reduction targets.

[0003] Currently, the assessment of urban carbon emissions relies primarily on the emission factor method, the mass balance method, and the field measurement method. The emission factor method estimates carbon emissions by multiplying the consumption of various types of energy by the corresponding emission factors. However, it cannot accurately reflect spatial distribution characteristics and has difficulty capturing emission dynamics in small-scale areas. The mass balance method calculates carbon emissions based on the energy input and output of a city or region using the principle of conservation of mass. The mass balance method is suitable for large-scale assessments but is less adaptable to small-scale neighborhoods. The field measurement method directly measures carbon emissions from emission sources, making it difficult to widely implement in densely populated and built-up urban environments.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies have the following major problems when conducting urban carbon emission assessments: (1) Traditional assessment methods can usually only provide data at the city or regional level, and are difficult to accurately measure at the block scale, which cannot meet the refined management needs of urban planning and energy conservation and emission reduction; (2) Most methods cannot reflect the dynamic changes of carbon emissions in real time, resulting in the inability of assessment results to guide policy formulation and adjustment in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a refined assessment method and system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale, which accurately and in real time assesses carbon emissions in the urban environment and provides a scientific basis for energy conservation and emission reduction policies.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a refined assessment method for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale, comprising:

[0008] Obtaining terrain data and background wind direction data of urban areas, and generating an urban building canopy model based on the terrain data of urban areas;

[0009] Adding background wind direction data to the urban building canopy model, calculating the near-ground aerodynamic impedance to obtain a horizontal wind field distribution map of the city; performing grid processing on the horizontal wind field distribution map of the city and calibrating monitoring points;

[0010] The wind speed at the monitoring point is read from the urban horizontal wind field distribution map, and the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient of the monitoring point is calculated based on the wind speed; the temperature difference of the monitoring point during the set period is obtained, and the outdoor convection heat flux density of the monitoring point is calculated based on the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference;

[0011] The outdoor radiation heat exchange at the monitoring point is calculated based on the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall. The outdoor radiation heat exchange and the outdoor convection heat flux density are superimposed to obtain the outdoor total heat flux density. A dynamic heat dissipation map is generated based on the outdoor total heat flux density of each monitoring point.

[0012] The heat dissipation dynamic map is converted into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion, and the human settlement carbon emissions are read from the carbon emission dynamic map.

[0013] Furthermore, the terrain data of the urban area includes the building height and basic outline of the surface aerodynamic friction height and flow field direction, regional terrain and elevation, surface land use type and normalized vegetation index.

[0014] Furthermore, the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient of the monitoring point is calculated based on the wind speed, including:

[0015] ;

[0016] In the formula, is the wind speed at the monitoring point in the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; is the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient; To set weights; To set a constant.

[0017] Furthermore, the outdoor convection heat flux density at the monitoring point is calculated based on the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference, including:

[0018] ;

[0019] In the formula, It represents the temperature difference of the monitoring point during the set period; Expressed as the outdoor convective heat flux density at the monitoring point.

[0020] Furthermore, the outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index of the urban area are obtained, and the sky temperature is calculated according to the outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index. The expression formula is:

[0021] ;

[0022] In the formula, Expressed as outdoor temperature; Expressed as a cloud cover index for urban areas; Expressed as sky temperature.

[0023] Furthermore, the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount at the monitoring point is calculated based on the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall. The calculation process includes:

[0024] ;

[0025] In the formula, It is expressed as the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point, is the direct radiation heat exchange of the building; is the diffusion radiation heat exchange capacity; is the Boltzmann constant, is the surface long-wave emissivity; It is expressed as setting weight; is the ground viewing angle factor; is the sky viewing angle factor; Expressed as ground temperature; Expressed as the surface temperature of the building's exterior wall.

[0026] Furthermore, the heat dissipation dynamic map is converted into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion, including:

[0027] The heat released during the calculation period is calculated based on the total outdoor heat flux density of each monitoring point. The expression formula is:

[0028] ;

[0029] Carbon emissions are calculated based on the heat released during the monitoring period. The expression formula is:

[0030] ;

[0031] ;

[0032] In the formula, Expressed as the total outdoor heat flux density at the monitoring point; Indicates the heat released within the set period for the monitoring point; is the calorific value of the fuel; is the fuel quality; Expressed as a carbon emission factor; Expressed as carbon emissions at the monitoring point;

[0033] Generate a dynamic carbon emissions map based on the carbon emissions of each monitoring point.

[0034] The second aspect of the present invention provides a refined assessment system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale, comprising:

[0035] An acquisition module is used to acquire terrain data and background wind direction data of urban areas, and generate an urban building canopy model based on the terrain data of urban areas;

[0036] The wind field analysis module adds background wind direction data to the urban building canopy model, calculates the near-ground aerodynamic impedance to obtain a horizontal wind field distribution map of the city; performs grid processing on the horizontal wind field distribution map of the city and calibrates monitoring points;

[0037] The heat exchange analysis module reads the wind speed at the monitoring point from the city's horizontal wind field distribution map and calculates the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient at the monitoring point based on the wind speed. It also obtains the temperature difference at the monitoring point during a set period and calculates the outdoor convection heat flux density at the monitoring point based on the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference.

[0038] The heat flux calculation module calculates the outdoor radiation heat exchange at the monitoring point based on the sky temperature and the building wall outer surface temperature; superimposes the outdoor radiation heat exchange and the outdoor convection heat flux density to obtain the outdoor total heat flux density, and generates a dynamic heat dissipation map based on the outdoor total heat flux density of each monitoring point;

[0039] The output module converts the heat dissipation dynamic map into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion, and reads the human settlement carbon emissions from the carbon emission dynamic map.

[0040] Furthermore, it also includes a human-computer interaction platform, which obtains real-time meteorological data from the meteorological station and sends it to the wind field analysis module and the heat exchange analysis module; the wind field analysis module corrects the background wind direction data according to the real-time meteorological data, and recalculates and outputs the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; the heat exchange analysis module corrects the temperature difference of the set period of the monitoring point according to the real-time meteorological data, and recalculates and outputs the outdoor convective heat flux density.

[0041] The third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the refined assessment method for urban block-scale human settlement carbon emissions described in the first aspect.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] The present invention establishes an urban building canopy model with block-scale resolution for the corresponding urban area, calculates the aerodynamic impedance in all directions of the canopy, simulates the non-uniform wind field distribution in complex areas, constructs a human settlement heat dissipation model based on heat transfer theory, and converts human settlement heat power into carbon emissions through calorific value conversion. Through refined block-scale assessment, the carbon emissions of urban areas can be more accurately calculated, especially for dispersed residential and commercial emission sources; at the same time, the short-term variability of carbon emissions can be better tracked and evaluated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a refined assessment method for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 The urban building canopy model with spatial heterogeneity in all directions provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic diagram of the non-uniform horizontal wind field distribution at a block scale obtained by simulation;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a heat dissipation and heat transfer model for urban human settlements provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is the carbon emission power map of buildings and human settlements under north wind provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is the building and human settlement carbon emission power map under easterly winds provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a refined assessment system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, this implementation provides a refined assessment method for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale, including:

[0054] Acquiring terrain data and background wind direction data for urban areas, wherein the terrain data for the urban areas includes building heights and basic contours of surface aerodynamic friction heights and flow field directions, regional terrain and elevations, surface land use types, and normalized difference vegetation index; and generating an urban building canopy model based on the terrain data for the urban areas;

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the background wind direction data is added to the urban building canopy model with a horizontal resolution of 100 meters, and the near-ground aerodynamic impedance is calculated to obtain the urban horizontal wind field distribution map, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown; grid processing is performed on the urban horizontal wind field distribution map and monitoring points are calibrated.

[0056] Assuming that the internal and external temperatures are uniformly distributed and the temperature difference is approximately constant, and ignoring local heat and cold sources inside and outside, the building walls are modeled. It is assumed that all walls have similar composition and properties. The shady side and the sunny side are set according to the sun's altitude and orientation. The building heat transfer is divided into three parts: indoor-inner wall, inner wall-outer wall, and outer wall-outdoor. The average temperature difference is established based on historical internal and external temperature difference data under typical urban scenarios.

[0057] The wind speed at the monitoring point is read from the urban horizontal wind field distribution map, and the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient at the monitoring point is calculated based on the wind speed, including:

[0058] ;

[0059] In the formula, is the wind speed at the monitoring point in the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; is the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient; To set weights; To set a constant; in this embodiment The value is 1.444; Expressed as 4.955.

[0060] Obtain the temperature difference of the monitoring point during the set period, and calculate the outdoor convection heat flux density of the monitoring point based on the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference, including:

[0061] ;

[0062] In the formula, It represents the temperature difference of the monitoring point during the set period; Expressed as the outdoor convective heat flux density at the monitoring point.

[0063] Get the outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index of the urban area, and calculate the sky temperature based on the outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index. The expression formula is:

[0064] ;

[0065] In the formula, Expressed as outdoor temperature; Expressed as a cloud cover index for urban areas; Expressed as sky temperature.

[0066] The outdoor radiation heat exchange amount at the monitoring point is calculated based on the sky temperature and the building wall outer surface temperature. The calculation process includes:

[0067] ;

[0068] In the formula, It is expressed as the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point, is the direct radiation heat exchange of the building; is the diffusion radiation heat exchange capacity; is the Boltzmann constant, is the surface long-wave emissivity; It is expressed as setting weight; is the ground viewing angle factor; is the sky viewing angle factor; Expressed as ground temperature; Expressed as the surface temperature of the building's exterior wall.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the outdoor radiation heat exchange and the outdoor convection heat flux are superimposed to obtain the outdoor total heat flux, which can be expressed as:

[0070] ;

[0071] ;

[0072] In the formula, Expressed as the total outdoor heat flux, q in is the total indoor heat flux density, q in-e is the total heat flux density flowing through the wall; among them, the total outdoor heat flux density, the total indoor heat flux density, and the total heat flux density flowing through the wall are equal.

[0073] Generate a dynamic heat dissipation map based on the total outdoor heat flux density at each monitoring point; convert the dynamic heat dissipation map into a dynamic carbon emission map through calorific value conversion, including:

[0074] The heat released during the calculation period is calculated based on the total outdoor heat flux density of each monitoring point. The expression formula is:

[0075] ;

[0076] Carbon emissions are calculated based on the heat released during the monitoring period. The expression formula is:

[0077] ;

[0078] ;

[0079] In the formula, Expressed as the total outdoor heat flux density at the monitoring point; Indicates the heat released within the set period for the monitoring point; is the calorific value of the fuel; is the fuel quality; Expressed as a carbon emission factor; Expressed as carbon emissions at the monitoring point;

[0080] A dynamic carbon emission map is generated based on the carbon emission of each monitoring point; and the carbon emission of human settlements is read from the dynamic carbon emission map.

[0081] The meteorological microstation has high temporal and spatial resolution and long time span of meteorological data (such as temperature, humidity and wind direction and speed) and air quality data (such as value, value, Concentration and concentration); by fully mining meteorological data and air quality data, we can not only infer the relevant atmospheric emissions in the region and correct the urban horizontal wind field distribution map, but also obtain the total carbon emissions of the urban area. Combining the urban horizontal wind field distribution map at the fine block scale and the dynamic carbon emissions map, we can obtain the horizontal spatial regional distribution of these total carbon emissions.

[0082] A comparative analysis of the dynamic maps of urban residential carbon emissions under different typical scenarios is conducted, namely:

[0083] (1) Based on the energy-saving requirements of cooling and heating and other energy equipment in different regions, adjust the temperature difference of the heat transfer model; the specific steps are as follows: according to the local government and energy conservation and emission reduction needs, count the degrees by which residents may increase or decrease the temperature of energy equipment such as air conditioners and heaters in typical living scenarios (summer heat waves, winter heating), adjust the energy use of residents in the block area, and obtain the differences in the spatial distribution of energy use under different time series; modify the corresponding parameter changes in the heat conduction model, or set specific temperature gradients in different areas according to the population density distribution, and then re-run the human settlement heat dissipation model to compare the changes in the dynamic spatial distribution of human settlement heat dissipation and carbon emissions in the block scale area before and after the modification; the comparison results can be used to evaluate the current spatiotemporal distribution of urban human settlement carbon emissions.

[0084] (2) Based on the regional background wind field with different thermal properties in different seasons, set different background horizontal wind speeds and directions; the specific steps are as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, combined with the average state of the climate field collected by automatic weather stations or weather radar satellites in different seasons and time nodes in the target area and a certain range of surrounding areas, the near-ground background horizontal wind speed and direction in the urban block-scale wind dynamic model are adjusted, and the changes in the near-ground horizontal wind speed and direction at the block scale before and after the modification are compared; by changing the properties of the background wind field in the model, the human settlement heat dissipation and carbon emission maps are recalculated according to the process, and the changes in the dynamic spatial distribution of human settlement heat dissipation and carbon emission maps simulated before and after the modification are compared; the comparison results can explore the sensitivity of human settlement carbon emissions to climate and weather.

[0085] (3) Based on the existing urban layout and urban planning in different regions, adjust the direction of urban buildings; the specific steps are as follows: adjust the urban building canopy model in the sub-city scale wind dynamic model, artificially modify the surface building planning layout, including but not limited to building height, building density, building area, building direction, etc., so that it has different ventilation corridors and surface aerodynamic impedance from the original city, and conduct sensitivity experiments under different building planning layouts; the comparison results can provide a scientific basis for urban planning and building energy-saving design.

[0086] (4) Based on the insulation and energy-saving needs of different regions, the building is set to be composed of different insulation materials. The specific steps are as follows: adjust the urban area modeling in the human settlement heat conduction model, set the building to a nonlinear combination of different insulation materials, modify the heat conduction and wall parameters in the model, and conduct sensitivity experiments under different wall material combinations to explore the energy-saving and emission reduction potential of the city under different insulation materials.

[0087] Through refined block-scale assessments, carbon emissions in urban areas can be calculated more accurately, especially for dispersed residential and commercial emission sources; at the same time, the short-term variability of carbon emissions can be better tracked and evaluated.

[0088] This embodiment establishes an urban building canopy model with block-scale resolution for the corresponding urban area, calculates the aerodynamic impedance in all directions of the canopy, simulates the urban horizontal wind field distribution map, constructs a human settlement heat dissipation model based on heat transfer theory, and uses the above-mentioned grid wind speed and direction to perform high-precision modeling of the block building walls with a resolution of 100 meters. The heat conduction equation is numerically solved for each part to obtain a high-resolution human settlement heat dissipation dynamic distribution at the urban block scale; the heat dissipation dynamic map is converted into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion; through refined block-scale assessment, the carbon emissions of the urban area can be more accurately calculated, especially for scattered residential and commercial emission sources; at the same time, the short-term variability of carbon emissions can be better tracked and assessed.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] like Figure 7This embodiment provides a refined assessment system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale. The refined assessment system described in this embodiment can be used to execute the refined assessment method described in Example 1. The refined assessment system includes:

[0091] An acquisition module is used to acquire terrain data and background wind direction data of urban areas, and generate an urban building canopy model based on the terrain data of urban areas;

[0092] The wind field analysis module adds background wind direction data to the urban building canopy model, calculates the near-ground aerodynamic impedance to obtain a horizontal wind field distribution map of the city; performs grid processing on the horizontal wind field distribution map of the city and calibrates monitoring points;

[0093] The heat exchange analysis module reads the wind speed at the monitoring point from the city's horizontal wind field distribution map and calculates the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient at the monitoring point based on the wind speed. It also obtains the temperature difference at the monitoring point during a set period and calculates the outdoor convection heat flux density at the monitoring point based on the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference.

[0094] The heat flux calculation module calculates the outdoor radiation heat exchange at the monitoring point based on the sky temperature and the building wall outer surface temperature; superimposes the outdoor radiation heat exchange and the outdoor convection heat flux density to obtain the outdoor total heat flux density, and generates a dynamic heat dissipation map based on the outdoor total heat flux density of each monitoring point;

[0095] The output module converts the heat dissipation dynamic map into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion, and reads the human settlement carbon emissions from the carbon emission dynamic map.

[0096] The human-computer interaction platform is used to obtain real-time meteorological data from the meteorological station and send it to the wind field analysis module and the heat exchange analysis module; the wind field analysis module corrects the background wind direction data according to the real-time meteorological data and recalculates and outputs the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; the heat exchange analysis module corrects the temperature difference of the monitoring point set period according to the real-time meteorological data and recalculates and outputs the outdoor convective heat flux density.

[0097] In this embodiment, the wind field analysis module can combine background wind direction data with the urban building canopy model, dynamically calculate the near-ground aerodynamic impedance, and generate a city-level wind field distribution map, providing key meteorological parameters for carbon emission assessment. Gridding is performed on the city-level wind field distribution map and monitoring points are calibrated, thereby improving data processing efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0098] The heat exchange analysis module can calculate the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and convection heat flux density based on real-time wind speed and temperature difference data. The heat flux calculation module then takes into account the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount and superimposes it with the convection heat flux density to obtain the total outdoor heat flux density, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the heat dissipation calculation. At the same time, the refined evaluation system can correct the background wind direction and temperature difference according to real-time meteorological data, ensuring the continued accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results.

[0099] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store instructions; the processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the refined assessment method of urban block-scale human settlement carbon emissions described in Example 1.

[0100] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. M , optical storage, etc.).

[0101] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0102] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0104] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refined assessment method for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale, characterized in that: include: Acquire terrain data and background wind direction data of urban areas, and generate an urban building canopy model according to the terrain data of urban areas; Adding background wind direction data to the urban building canopy model, calculating the near-ground aerodynamic impedance to obtain a horizontal wind field distribution map of the city; performing grid processing on the horizontal wind field distribution map of the city and calibrating monitoring points; The wind speed at the monitoring point is read from the urban horizontal wind field distribution map, and the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient of the monitoring point is calculated based on the wind speed; the temperature difference of the monitoring point in the set period is obtained, and the outdoor convection heat flux density of the monitoring point is calculated from the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference; Get the outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index in the urban area, and calculate the sky temperature based on the outdoor temperature and cloud cover index. The expression formula is: ； In the formula, Expressed as outdoor temperature; Expressed as a cloud cover index for urban areas; Expressed as sky temperature; The outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point is calculated based on the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall. The calculation process includes: ； In the formula, It is expressed as the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount at the monitoring point, is the direct radiation heat exchange of the building; is the diffuse radiation heat exchange amount; is the Boltzmann constant, is the surface long-wave emissivity; It is expressed as setting weight; is the ground view factor; is the sky viewing angle factor; Expressed as ground temperature; Expressed as the surface temperature of the building's outer wall; The outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point is calculated according to the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall; the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount and the outdoor convection heat flux density are superimposed to obtain the outdoor total heat flux density, and a heat dissipation dynamic map is generated based on the outdoor total heat flux density of each monitoring point; The heat dissipation dynamic map is converted into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion, including: The heat released during the calculation period is calculated based on the total outdoor heat flux density of each monitoring point. The expression formula is: ； The carbon emissions are calculated based on the heat released during the monitoring period. The expression formula is: ； ； In the formula, It is expressed as the total outdoor heat flux density at the monitoring point; Indicates the heat released within the set period for the monitoring point; is the calorific value of fuel; is the fuel quality; Expressed as a carbon emission factor; It is expressed as the carbon emission at the monitoring point; Generate a dynamic carbon emission map based on the carbon emission of each monitoring point; read the carbon emission of human settlements from the dynamic carbon emission map.

2. The refined assessment method of carbon emissions of human settlements at the urban block scale according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The terrain data of the urban area include building height and basic outline of surface aerodynamic friction height and flow field direction, regional terrain and elevation, surface land use type and normalized difference vegetation index.

3. The refined assessment method of carbon emissions of human settlements at the urban block scale according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Calculate the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient of the monitoring point based on wind speed, including: ； In the formula, is the wind speed of the monitoring point in the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; is the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient; To set weights; To set a constant.

4. The refined assessment method of carbon emissions of human settlements at the urban block scale according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outdoor convection heat flux density of the monitoring point is calculated by the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and temperature difference, including: ； In the formula, It represents the temperature difference of the set period for the monitoring point; Expressed as the outdoor convective heat flux density at the monitoring point.

5. A refined assessment system for carbon emissions from human settlements at the urban block scale, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to acquire terrain data and background wind direction data of urban areas, and generate an urban building canopy model according to the terrain data of urban areas; The wind field analysis module adds the background wind direction data to the urban building canopy model, calculates the near-ground aerodynamic impedance to obtain the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; performs grid processing on the urban horizontal wind field distribution map and calibrates the monitoring points; The heat exchange analysis module reads the wind speed at the monitoring point from the city's horizontal wind field distribution map, and calculates the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient of the monitoring point based on the wind speed; obtains the temperature difference of the monitoring point in the set period, and calculates the outdoor convection heat flux density of the monitoring point from the outdoor convection heat transfer coefficient and the temperature difference; The heat flow calculation module calculates the outdoor radiation heat exchange at the monitoring point based on the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall; the outdoor radiation heat exchange and the outdoor convection heat flux density are superimposed to obtain the outdoor total heat flux density, and a heat dissipation dynamic map is generated based on the outdoor total heat flux density of each monitoring point; The output module converts the heat dissipation dynamic map into a carbon emission dynamic map through calorific value conversion, and reads the carbon emission of human settlements from the carbon emission dynamic map; The heat flow calculation module calculates the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point according to the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall. The calculation process includes: The outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index of the urban area are obtained, and the sky temperature is calculated according to the outdoor temperature and the cloud cover index. The expression formula is: ； In the formula, Expressed as outdoor temperature; Expressed as a cloud cover index for urban areas; Expressed as sky temperature; The outdoor radiation heat exchange amount of the monitoring point is calculated based on the sky temperature and the outer surface temperature of the building wall. The expression formula is: ； In the formula, It is expressed as the outdoor radiation heat exchange amount at the monitoring point, is the direct radiation heat exchange of the building; is the diffuse radiation heat exchange amount; is the Boltzmann constant, is the surface long-wave emissivity; It is expressed as setting weight; is the ground view factor; is the sky viewing angle factor; Expressed as ground temperature; Expressed as the surface temperature of the building's outer wall; The output module converts the heat dissipation dynamic map into a carbon emission dynamic map by heat value conversion, including: The heat released during the calculation period is calculated based on the total outdoor heat flux density of each monitoring point. The expression formula is: ； The carbon emissions are calculated based on the heat released during the monitoring period. The expression formula is: ； ； In the formula, It is expressed as the total outdoor heat flux density at the monitoring point; Indicates the heat released within the set period for the monitoring point; is the calorific value of fuel; is the fuel quality; Expressed as a carbon emission factor; It is expressed as the carbon emission at the monitoring point; Generate a dynamic map of carbon emissions based on the carbon emissions of each monitoring point.

6. The refined assessment system for carbon emissions of human settlements at the urban block scale according to claim 5 is characterized in that: It also includes a human-computer interaction platform, which obtains real-time meteorological data from the meteorological station and sends it to the wind field analysis module and the heat exchange analysis module; the wind field analysis module corrects the background wind direction data according to the real-time meteorological data, and recalculates and outputs the urban horizontal wind field distribution map; the heat exchange analysis module corrects the temperature difference of the set period of the monitoring point according to the real-time meteorological data, and recalculates and outputs the outdoor convective heat flux density.

7. An electronic device, comprising a storage medium and a processor; the storage medium is used to store instructions; characterized in that: The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the refined assessment method of urban block-scale human settlement carbon emissions as described in any one of claims 1 to claim 4.

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