Solar cells and solar cell modules

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, and more specifically to a solar cell and a solar cell group, comprising a conductive cell sheet, the conductive cell sheet being bonded to a tempered glass disposed on one side of the conductive cell sheet through a thermoplastic resin; a TPT back plate being bonded to the side of the conductive cell sheet away from the tempered glass through a thermoplastic resin, a junction box being connected to the side of the TPT back plate away from the conductive cell sheet, the conductive cell sheet and the TPT back plate being fixed in an aluminum alloy frame, a wire being arranged on one side of the junction box, and a plurality of aluminum alloy frames being arranged in an array and mounted on the upper surface of a mounting frame. A heating lamp connected through the middle of the component box can contact the tempered glass on the surface of the conductive cell sheet and heat and extrude the tempered glass, and during the heating process, the thermoplastic resin can bond the tempered glass to the conductive cell sheet, and by bonding the conductive cell sheet to the TPT back plate, the pressure generated by the heating lamp during the bonding process can press out the gas and the bubbles inside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell and a solar cell group. Background Art

[0002] The basic working principle of solar cells is the photoelectric effect. When light hits the surface of a solar cell, a portion of the photons are absorbed by the silicon material, and the energy of the photons is transferred to the silicon atoms, causing the electrons to transition and become free electrons. Driven by the built-in electric field, these free electrons move in a directional manner, forming a potential difference on both sides of the pn junction. When the external circuit is connected, under the action of the voltage, current will pass through the external circuit, thereby generating a certain output power. The essence of this process is the process of converting photon energy into electrical energy.

[0003] In the solar cell production process, the laid-out cells are placed into a laminator, the air in the component is extracted by vacuuming, and then the cell patch (EVA) is heated to melt and bond the cell, glass and back panel together, and finally cooled and taken out. The lamination cycle time is about 25 minutes and the curing temperature is about 150 degrees Celsius.

[0004] The cells of solar panels are processed from silicon monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon. Bubbles mainly appear in the air between the silicon wafer and the cell patch (EVA). Cell bubbles may reduce the power generation efficiency of the solar panel, and in severe cases may damage the cell and reduce the service life of the solar panel. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a solar cell and a solar cell group, which can contact the tempered glass on the surface of the conductive cell sheet through a heating lamp connected in the middle of the component box, and heat and extrude the tempered glass. During the heating process, the thermoplastic resin can bond the tempered glass to the conductive cell sheet, and the conductive cell sheet is bonded to the TPT backplane. During the bonding process, the pressure generated by the heating lamp can press out the gas and the bubbles inside.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a solar cell comprises a conductive cell sheet, wherein the conductive cell sheet is bonded to a tempered glass disposed on one side of the conductive cell sheet by a thermoplastic resin;

[0007] The side of the conductive cell away from the tempered glass is bonded with a TPT back plate through a thermoplastic resin, and the side of the TPT back plate away from the conductive cell is connected to a junction box. The conductive cell and the TPT back plate are both fixed in an aluminum alloy frame, and wires are provided on one side of the junction box. Multiple aluminum alloy frames are arranged in an array and mounted on the upper surface of the mounting frame.

[0008] Specifically, the conductive cell sheet is a photoelectric semiconductor sheet.

[0009] The optoelectronic semiconductor wafers include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon.

[0010] Specifically, the thermoplastic resin is formed by copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate, wherein the content of vinyl acetate in the copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate is above 90%.

[0011] Specifically, the TPT back plate includes an outer protective layer, a middle layer and an inner layer. The outer protective layer and the inner layer are both made of polyvinyl fluoride film, and the middle layer is a polyester film.

[0012] A solar cell group includes a battery processing component, which includes a component box. Multiple groups of heating lamps for heating and curing thermoplastic resin are installed between two component boxes. The exterior of the heating lamps is made of hard material. Multiple groups of movable frames are arranged in the middle of the two component boxes to support the heating lamps. The movable frames and the movable frames and the component boxes are fixedly connected by multiple groups of cross bars.

[0013] Specifically, the side wall of the component box is fixedly connected to a fixing plate, and one end of the fixing plate away from the component box extends to the outside of the projection of the side wall of the component box. The side of the fixing plate away from the side wall of the component box is fixedly connected to an elastic support member, and a limiting wheel is provided on the side of the elastic support member away from the fixing plate, and the limiting wheel can move along both sides of the mounting frame.

[0014] Specifically, the elastic support member includes a telescopic rod connected to the middle support and a tension spring sleeved on the outside, the end of the telescopic rod away from the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the support frame, the lower surface of the support frame is rotatably connected to a rotating block, and the limiting wheel is rotatably connected to the rotating block.

[0015] Specifically, a guide groove is provided on the surface of the support frame, a sliding plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating block, the sliding plate is slidably placed in the guide groove, arc-shaped return springs are fixedly connected on both sides of the guide groove, and one end of the arc-shaped return spring away from the sliding plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide groove.

[0016] Specifically, a moving belt is provided in the component box, the moving belt is supported by multiple rotating shafts, the lower end of the moving belt is placed outside the component box, a driving motor is fixedly connected to the component box, and the output end of the driving motor is connected to one of the rotating shafts through a transmission belt.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The solar cell and solar cell group described in the present invention are different from the prior art in that the heating lamp connected in the middle of the component box can contact the tempered glass on the surface of the conductive cell sheet and heat and extrude the tempered glass. During the heating process, the thermoplastic resin can bond the tempered glass to the conductive cell sheet. By bonding the conductive cell sheet to the TPT backplane, the pressure generated by the heating lamp during the bonding process can press out the gas and the bubbles inside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 An exploded view of a solar cell of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a solar cell of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mounting frame of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the processing component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the component box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving belt of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is the position diagram of the support frame and the rotating block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0028] In the figure: 1. tempered glass; 2. thermoplastic resin; 3. conductive cell; 5. TPT back plate; 6. aluminum alloy frame; 61. mounting frame; 7. junction box; 8. wires; 9. processing assembly; 91. component box; 911. power supply; 912. drive motor; 913. transmission belt; 92. heating lamp; 93. moving frame; 94. moving belt; 941. rotating shaft; 95. cross bar; 96. stabilizing assembly; 961. fixing plate; 962. elastic support member; 963. supporting frame; 964. arc return spring; 965. guide groove; 966. sliding plate; 967. rotating block; 968. limiting wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the solar cell of the present invention comprises a conductive cell sheet 3, and the cell sheet 3 is bonded to a tempered glass 1 placed on one side of the cell sheet 3 through a thermoplastic resin 2;

[0031] The battery cell 3 is bonded to a TPT back plate 5 via a thermoplastic resin 2 on the side away from the tempered glass 1. The TPT back plate 5 is connected to a junction box 7 on the side away from the battery cell 3. The battery cell 3 and the TPT back plate 5 are both fixed in an aluminum alloy frame 6. An electric wire 8 is provided on one side of the junction box 7. Multiple aluminum alloy frames 6 are arranged in an array and mounted on the upper surface of a mounting frame 61.

[0032] The cell 3 is the core component of the photovoltaic power generation system. Its working principle is mainly based on the photoelectric effect, especially the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor PN junction. When sunlight shines on the semiconductor material of the solar cell, the photons interact with the atoms in the material, allowing the electrons to obtain enough energy to break free from the atoms and form free electrons and holes. At the PN junction, due to the difference in the characteristics of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors, electrons and holes move to the N region and P region respectively, thereby forming a potential difference on both sides of the PN junction, that is, the photoinduced electromotive force. When the external circuit is turned on, a current is formed.

[0033] Thermoplastic resin 2 has good flexibility, impact resistance, elasticity, optical transparency, low temperature flexing, adhesion, environmental stress cracking resistance, weather resistance, corrosion resistance, heat sealing and electrical properties. These characteristics make thermoplastic resin 2 an ideal choice for solar cell packaging materials. Thermoplastic resin 2 is used as an adhesive in solar cell modules to bond photovoltaic cells to glass and closely combine with the back plate to form an integral structure. This structure can protect the cells from the influence of the external environment, such as moisture, oxygen and ultraviolet erosion. Thermoplastic resin 2 layers can absorb and disperse external impacts to prevent the cells from being damaged during transportation and installation. At the same time, it can also prevent direct contact between the cells and the back plate, reduce the wear and tear caused by friction, and thermoplastic resin 2 has a very high light transmittance after melting, which can improve the incidence of light, thereby increasing the output power of solar cells. This characteristic makes thermoplastic resin 2 one of the key factors in improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells.

[0034] Specifically, the conductive cell 3 is a photoelectric semiconductor sheet.

[0035] The optoelectronic semiconductor wafers include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon and amorphous silicon.

[0036] Monocrystalline silicon cells have the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency, but the cost is relatively high; polycrystalline silicon cells have a lower cost and a slightly lower efficiency; amorphous silicon cells have the lowest manufacturing cost, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is also the lowest. In addition, some new materials such as copper indium gallium sulphide are also used in the manufacture of solar cells.

[0037] Specifically, the thermoplastic resin 2 is formed by copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate, wherein the content of vinyl acetate in the copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate is above 90%.

[0038] When the vinyl acetate (VAc) content is between 5% and 40%, this thermoplastic resin 2 (EVA) copolymer is mainly used for polyethylene modification, manufacturing wires and cables, films and other molded products and mixtures. Within this range, the VAc content is low, so that the EVA copolymer maintains good rigidity and processability, while having a certain degree of flexibility; when the VAc content is between 40% and 90%, the EVA copolymer shows more obvious rubber properties, so it is called EVA rubber. This material is mainly used in rubber products, cables and automotive industry parts. EVA copolymers with high VAc content have better flexibility and elasticity, which can meet the special requirements of these fields for material properties. When the VAc content is higher than 90%, EVA copolymers are mainly used in adhesives, coatings and other fields. At this time, the EVA copolymer is closer to the performance of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, with excellent adhesion and coating properties.

[0039] Specifically, the TPT back plate 5 includes an outer protective layer, a middle layer and an inner layer. The outer protective layer and the inner layer are both made of polyvinyl fluoride film, and the middle layer is a polyester film.

[0040] Outer protective layer: generally a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film, which has good resistance to environmental erosion and can effectively prevent damage to photovoltaic modules from external factors such as ultraviolet rays and water vapor;

[0041] Middle layer: usually polyester film (PET), which has good insulation properties and strength, and plays a supporting and protective role.

[0042] Inner layer: It is also a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) film. After surface treatment, it has good bonding properties with the EVA packaging film to ensure the packaging effect of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] The solar cell group includes a battery processing component 9, which includes a component box 91. A plurality of heating lamps 92 for heating and curing the thermoplastic resin 2 are installed between the two component boxes 91. The exterior of the heating lamps 92 is made of hard material. A plurality of movable frames 93 are arranged in the middle of the two component boxes 91 to support the heating lamps 92. The movable frames 93 and the movable frames 93 and the component boxes 91 are fixedly connected by a plurality of cross bars 95.

[0044] The component box 91 is used to support and install the components. The heating lamp tube 92 heats the foaming position to solidify the process of producing solar cells, and the outer wall of the hard heating lamp tube 92 squeezes the bubble position to accelerate the discharge of internal gas. The multiple groups of cross bars 95 are set to ensure the stability of the battery processing assembly 9 during the movement, and the local position can be processed during the production of solar cells.

[0045] The moving frame 93 increases the stability of the heating lamp tube 92 during the moving process. The heating lamp tube 92 contacts and presses against the tempered glass 1 during the heating process, so that the internal gas can be squeezed out.

[0046] Specifically, a fixing plate 961 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the component box 91, and one end of the fixing plate 961 away from the component box 91 extends to the outside of the projection of the side wall of the component box 91, and an elastic support member 962 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing plate 961 away from the side wall of the component box 91, and a limiting wheel 968 is provided on the side of the elastic support member 962 away from the fixing plate 961, and the limiting wheel 968 can move along both sides of the mounting frame 61;

[0047] The elastic support member 962 includes a telescopic rod connected to the middle support and a tension spring sleeved on the outside. The end of the telescopic rod away from the fixed plate 961 is fixedly connected to the support frame 963. The lower surface of the support frame 963 is rotatably connected to a rotating block 967, and the limiting wheel 968 is rotatably connected to the rotating block 967.

[0048] The elastic support member 962 plays a supporting role. When it is necessary to engage with the edge of the mounting frame 61, the elastic support member 962 is first stretched so that the limiting wheels 968 on both sides are in contact with the outer wall of the mounting frame 61. At this time, the tension spring and the telescopic rod in the middle will be stretched, and the limiting wheels 968 and the two sides of the mounting frame 61 will be pressed tightly by the tension spring and the telescopic rod in the middle to ensure greater stability during movement, which is beneficial for the heating lamp tube 92 to squeeze the tempered glass 1 on the surface of the battery cell 3 more flat during movement.

[0049] Specifically, a guide groove 965 is opened on the surface of the support frame 963, and a sliding plate 966 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating block 967. The sliding plate 966 is slidably placed in the guide groove 965. Arc-shaped return springs 964 are fixedly connected on both sides of the guide groove 965. The end of the arc-shaped return spring 964 away from the sliding plate 966 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide groove 965.

[0050] The rotating block 967 can rotate relative to the support frame 963. During the rotation of the rotating block 967, the sliding plate 966 can be driven to rotate. At this time, one of the two arc-shaped return springs 964 placed on both sides of the sliding plate 966 will be compressed, and the other will be stretched. Through the setting of the two arc-shaped return springs 964, the rotating block 967 can be rotated to a certain angle to overcome the obstacle when encountering an obstacle during the movement of the limiting wheel 968. At the same time, after the limiting wheel 968 overcomes the obstacle, it can return to the initial state and the position in contact with the mounting frame 61, which can avoid the limiting wheel 968 from getting stuck when encountering an obstacle during movement.

[0051] Specifically, a moving belt 94 is provided in the component box 91, and the moving belt 94 is supported by multiple rotating shafts 941. The lower end of the moving belt 94 is placed outside the component box 91. A driving motor 912 is fixedly connected to the component box 91, and the output end of the driving motor 912 is connected to one of the rotating shafts 941 through a transmission belt 913.

[0052] The output end of the driving motor 912 rotates through the transmission belt 913 to drive the rotating shaft 941 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation process, the rotating shaft 941 drives the moving belt 94 to rotate. The moving belt 94 can move along the edge surface of the mounting frame 61, thereby driving the component box 91 to move. The power supply 911 can provide power to the driving motor 912, and the outside of the electrical components are provided with heat insulation materials to ensure that the electrical components can operate normally.

[0053] Working principle: When removing local bubbles, first, multiple sets of limiting wheels 968 are brought into contact with both sides of the mounting frame 61, and the moving belt 94 is brought into contact with the mounting frame 61. The moving belt 94 is driven to move by turning on the driving motor 912. The moving belt 94 drives the component box 91 to move during the movement, wherein the heating lamp tube 92 connected to the middle part of the component box 91 can contact the tempered glass 1 on the surface of the conductive battery sheet 3, and heat and extrude the tempered glass. During the heating process, the thermoplastic resin 2 can bond the tempered glass 1 to the conductive battery sheet 3, and by bonding the conductive battery sheet 3 to the TPT back panel 5, the pressure generated by the heating lamp tube 92 during the bonding process can press out the gas and remove the internal bubbles.

[0054] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solar cell group, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery processing assembly (9) and a solar cell, wherein the battery processing assembly (9) comprises a component box (91), a plurality of heating lamps (92) for heating and curing a thermoplastic resin (2) are installed between two component boxes (91), the solar cell comprises a conductive cell sheet (3), a TPT back plate (5) is bonded to the conductive cell sheet (3) on the side away from the tempered glass (1) through the thermoplastic resin (2), and the conductive cell sheet (3) is bonded to the tempered glass (1) on the side of the conductive cell sheet (3) through the thermoplastic resin (2); the outer surface of the heating lamp (92) is made of a hard material, a plurality of movable frames (93) are arranged in the middle of the two component boxes (91) for supporting the heating lamp (92), and the movable frames (93) and the movable frames (93) and the component boxes (91) are fixedly connected by a plurality of cross bars (95); A fixing plate (961) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the component box (91); one end of the fixing plate (961) away from the component box (91) extends to the outside of the projection of the side wall of the component box (91); a side of the fixing plate (961) away from the side wall of the component box (91) is fixedly connected to an elastic support member (962); a side of the elastic support member (962) away from the fixing plate (961) is provided with a limiting wheel (968); and the limiting wheel (968) can move along two sides of the mounting frame (61); A moving belt (94) is arranged in the component box (91), the moving belt (94) is supported by a plurality of rotating shafts (941), the lower end of the moving belt (94) is placed outside the component box (91), a driving motor (912) is fixedly connected in the component box (91), and the output end of the driving motor (912) is connected to one of the rotating shafts (941) via a transmission belt (913); The driving belt (913) drives the rotating shaft (941) to rotate synchronously, and the rotating shaft (941) drives the moving belt (94) to rotate during the rotation process. The moving belt (94) can move along the edge surface of the mounting frame (61), thereby driving the component box (91) to move. When removing local bubbles, the plurality of groups of limiting wheels (968) are first brought into contact with both sides of the mounting frame (61), and the moving belt (94) is brought into contact with the mounting frame (61). The driving motor (912) is turned on to drive the moving belt (94) to move. The belt (94) drives the component box (91) to move during the movement, wherein the heating lamp tube (92) connected to the middle of the component box (91) can contact the tempered glass (1) on the surface of the conductive battery sheet (3) and heat and extrude the tempered glass (1). During the heating process, the thermoplastic resin (2) can bond the tempered glass (1) and the conductive battery sheet (3). By bonding the conductive battery sheet (3) and the TPT back plate (5), the pressure generated by the heating lamp tube (92) during the bonding process can press out the gas and remove the bubbles inside.

2. The solar cell group according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support member (962) comprises a telescopic rod connected to the support in the middle and a tension spring sleeved on the outside; one end of the telescopic rod away from the fixed plate (961) is fixedly connected to a support frame (963); a rotating block (967) is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the support frame (963); and the limiting wheel (968) is rotatably connected to the rotating block (967).

3. The solar cell group according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide groove (965) is provided on the surface of the support frame (963); a sliding plate (966) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating block (967); the sliding plate (966) is slidably placed in the guide groove (965); arc-shaped return springs (964) are fixedly connected to both sides of the guide groove (965); and one end of the arc-shaped return spring (964) away from the sliding plate (966) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide groove (965).

4. The solar cell group according to claim 3, characterized in that: A junction box (7) is connected to a side of the TPT back plate (5) away from the conductive battery sheet (3); the conductive battery sheet (3) and the TPT back plate (5) are both fixed in an aluminum alloy frame (6); a wire (8) is provided on one side of the junction box (7); and a plurality of aluminum alloy frames (6) are arranged in an array and mounted on the upper surface of a mounting frame (61).

5. The solar cell group according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conductive cell (3) is a photoelectric semiconductor thin slice, wherein the photoelectric semiconductor thin slice is single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon or amorphous silicon.

6. The solar cell group according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thermoplastic resin (2) is formed by copolymerization of ethylene and vinyl acetate, wherein the content of vinyl acetate in the copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate is above 90%.

7. The solar cell group according to claim 6, characterized in that: The TPT back plate (5) comprises an outer protective layer, an intermediate layer and an inner layer, the outer protective layer and the inner layer are both made of polyvinyl fluoride film, and the intermediate layer is a polyester film.

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