Earthquake-resistant base of a building

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake-resistant building structures, and specifically relates to an earthquake-resistant building base, including: a bottom plate for connecting to a concrete foundation; a shock-absorbing block, the shock-absorbing block is connected to the top surface of the bottom plate; a top plate, connected to the top surface of the shock-absorbing block, the top plate is used to connect to a supported object; a hydraulic damper, including a hydraulic cylinder, a piston and a piston rod, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixed relative to the bottom plate, and the piston rod is movably connected to the top plate; a valve device, a damping channel is arranged inside the valve device, and the two ends of the damping channel are respectively connected to the first chamber and the second chamber through pipelines. The present invention arranges a hydraulic damper and a valve device on the basis of a traditional seismic isolation bearing, and the valve device can adjust the damping size of the hydraulic damper to adapt to the energy absorption requirements under different amplitudes, and further improve the safety and reliability of the seismic isolation bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake-resistant building structures, and in particular relates to an earthquake-resistant building base. Background Art

[0002] Seismic isolation bearings are devices used to reduce or isolate vibrations of buildings or structures. Their main function is to reduce the impact of external vibrations such as earthquakes, mechanical equipment operation, and traffic noise on buildings, thereby protecting the structural safety and internal comfort of the building. Seismic isolation bearings mainly include elastic material layers, seismic isolation layers, support structures, and shock-absorbing devices. The elastic material layer is usually made of elastic materials (such as rubber or polyurethane), which have good elasticity and vibration absorption properties and can effectively slow down the spread of vibrations. The seismic isolation layer usually uses high-strength materials (such as steel plates or composite materials) to enhance the stability and durability of the bearing. The support structure is used to disperse the weight of the building to the foundation and maintain the overall stability of the bearing. Shock-absorbing devices such as dampers are used to absorb vibration energy and reduce the transmission of vibration. The damping size of the damper is generally constant, but when a building faces vibrations of different amplitudes, the damping size requirements are different. For example, when the amplitude is small, excessive damping will affect the seismic isolation effect of the seismic isolation bearing, while when the amplitude is large, too small damping cannot achieve the purpose of absorbing vibration energy. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a seismic-resistant base of a building capable of adjusting damping to adapt to different vibration amplitudes.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a building earthquake-resistant base, comprising:

[0005] Base plate, for attachment to concrete foundation;

[0006] A shock absorbing block, the shock absorbing block is composited by a rubber layer and a steel plate, and the shock absorbing block is connected to the top surface of the bottom plate;

[0007] A top plate connected to the top surface of the shock absorbing block, the top plate being used to connect a supported object;

[0008] A hydraulic damper, comprising a hydraulic cylinder, a piston and a piston rod, wherein the hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a horizontal direction and is fixed relative to the bottom plate, the piston is slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder and divides the internal space of the hydraulic cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, the piston rod is connected to the piston and protrudes to the outer side of the end surface of the hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod is movably connected to the top plate so that the piston rod can move synchronously with the top plate in a first direction, and the piston rod can move relative to the top plate in a second direction and a third direction; the first direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder, the second direction is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder, and the third direction is a vertical direction;

[0009] A valve device is provided with a damping channel inside the valve device, and two ends of the damping channel are respectively connected with the first chamber and the second chamber through pipelines, and the valve device is configured to be able to adjust the flow area of ​​the damping channel.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the valve device includes a valve core and a valve housing, the valve core is rotatably arranged in the valve housing, a blind hole is provided at the center of the valve core, a damping slit is provided on the side wall of the valve core, the damping slit is arranged in an arc shape along the circumference of the valve core, and the damping slit passes through the inner wall of the blind hole to the outer wall of the valve core; an arc groove opposite to the damping slit is provided on the inner wall of the valve housing, and when the valve core rotates, the length of the connecting area between the damping slit and the arc groove can be changed; a first interface and a second interface are provided on the valve housing, the first interface is connected to the arc groove, and the second interface is connected to the blind hole, and the first interface, the arc groove, the damping slit, the blind hole and the second interface together constitute the damping channel; the first interface is connected to the first chamber through a pipeline, and the second interface is connected to the second chamber through a pipeline.

[0011] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a linkage mechanism is provided between the valve core and the top plate, and the linkage mechanism is assembled so that when the top plate is displaced in the first direction relative to an initial position, it can drive the valve core to rotate so as to change the length of the connecting area between the damping slit and the arc groove, and as the displacement of the top plate increases, the length of the connecting area between the damping slit and the arc groove gradually decreases; the initial position refers to the position of the top plate when it is not subjected to a horizontal load.

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the linkage mechanism includes a trigger rod and a swing arm, the trigger rod is fixedly arranged relative to the top plate, and the length direction of the trigger rod is parallel to the second direction, the swing arm is fixedly connected to the valve core, and the swing arm is provided with a strip groove arranged along the length direction of the swing arm, and the trigger rod is inserted into the strip groove, so that when the top plate is displaced along the first direction, the trigger rod can drive the swing arm to swing, and when the top plate is displaced along the second direction, the trigger rod can slide relative to the swing arm.

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the edge of the top plate is provided with a side plate extending downward, and the side plate is provided with a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the first slide rail is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the first slide rail is arranged along the third direction; the second slide rail is movably connected to the first slide rail along the third direction, the second slide rail is arranged along the second direction, and the piston rod is movably connected to the second slide rail along the second direction.

[0014] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the edge of the top plate is provided with a side plate extending downward, and the side plate is provided with a first slide rail and a second slide rail, the first slide rail is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the first slide rail is arranged along the second direction; the second slide rail is movably connected to the first slide rail along the second direction, the second slide rail is arranged along the third direction, and the piston rod is movably connected to the second slide rail along the third direction.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the second slide rail includes a C-shaped channel steel, and a roller is provided at the end of the piston rod, and the roller is rollingly arranged in the C-shaped channel steel.

[0016] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, anchor bolt installation holes are respectively provided on the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0017] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on a base, and the base is used to connect to the concrete foundation.

[0018] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, two hydraulic dampers are provided, the axes of the two hydraulic dampers are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the piston rods of the two hydraulic dampers are movably connected to two adjacent side walls of the top plate respectively.

[0019] The technical effect of the present invention is that: the present invention arranges a hydraulic damper and a valve device on the basis of a traditional seismic isolation bearing, and the valve device can adjust the damping size of the hydraulic damper to adapt to the energy absorption requirements under different amplitudes, thereby further improving the safety and reliability of the seismic isolation bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of an earthquake-resistant base of a building provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a top view of an earthquake-resistant base of a building provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 I partial enlarged view;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 BB cross-sectional view;

[0025] Figure 6 is an exploded view of a valve device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the valve housing is in a cutaway state;

[0026] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional diagram of a hydraulic damper provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 10, bottom plate; 20, shock-absorbing block; 30, top plate; 31, first slide rail; 32, second slide rail; 33, trigger rod; 34, anchor bolt mounting hole; 40, hydraulic damper; 41, hydraulic cylinder; 411, first chamber; 412, second chamber; 42, piston; 43, piston rod; 44, roller; 50, valve device; 51, valve housing; 511, first interface; 512, second interface; 513, arc groove; 52, valve core; 521, blind hole; 522, damping slit; 53, swing arm; 531, strip groove; 60, base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus the illustrations only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0030] The seismic base of a building is also called an isolation bearing. An isolation bearing is a device used to reduce the effects of external vibration conditions such as earthquakes on buildings or structures and protect the safety of the structure. They reduce the transmission of vibrations by "isolating" the connection between the building and the foundation. The main structure of the isolation bearing includes an elastic layer, an isolation layer, a shock absorbing device and a supporting structure; the elastic layer is mainly made of rubber, polyurethane or other elastic materials, which have excellent elasticity and can effectively absorb and isolate vibrations; the isolation layer usually includes one or more elastic layers, and may also have steel plates or other high-strength materials to improve the stability and bearing capacity of the bearing; some isolation bearings are equipped with dampers or other shock absorbing devices, which can further absorb and transform vibration energy and reduce the spread of vibrations; the supporting structure is used to evenly distribute the weight of the building to the structural part on the foundation to maintain overall stability.

[0031] Seismic isolation bearings significantly reduce the impact of external vibrations such as earthquakes on buildings by isolating the vibrations between buildings and foundations; when an earthquake occurs, seismic isolation bearings can effectively absorb seismic energy and reduce the direct impact of the earthquake on buildings, thereby reducing the risk of structural damage; seismic isolation bearings can effectively reduce the impact of vibration and noise on the internal environment of the building and improve the comfort of living or use; by reducing the load of vibration on the building structure, seismic isolation bearings can extend the service life of the building and reduce the need for maintenance and reinforcement.

[0032] However, the damping size of the damper of the existing seismic isolation bearing is generally constant, but the building has different requirements for damping size when facing vibrations of different amplitudes. For example, when the amplitude is small, excessive damping will affect the seismic isolation effect of the seismic isolation bearing, and when the amplitude is large, too small damping cannot achieve the purpose of absorbing vibration energy. For this reason, the present invention provides a hydraulic damper and a valve device on the basis of the traditional seismic isolation bearing. The valve device can adjust the damping size of the hydraulic damper to adapt to the energy absorption requirements under different amplitudes, thereby further improving the safety and reliability of the seismic isolation bearing.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 3As shown, the earthquake-resistant base of the building provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a bottom plate 10, a shock-absorbing block 20, a top plate 30, a hydraulic damper 40 and a valve device 50; the bottom plate 10 is used to connect the concrete foundation; the shock-absorbing block 20 is composited by a rubber layer and a steel plate, and the shock-absorbing block 20 is connected to the top surface of the bottom plate 10; the top plate 30 is connected to the top surface of the shock-absorbing block 20, and the top plate 30 is used to connect the supported object; the hydraulic damper 40 includes a hydraulic cylinder 41, a piston 42 and a piston rod 43, the hydraulic cylinder 41 is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the hydraulic cylinder 41 is fixedly arranged relative to the bottom plate 10, the piston 42 is slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 41, and the internal space of the hydraulic cylinder 41 is divided into a first chamber 411 and a second chamber 412, the piston rod 43 is connected to the piston 42, and the piston rod 43 protrudes to the end surface of the hydraulic cylinder 41 On the outside, preferably, in order to ensure that the absolute values ​​of the volume changes of the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412 remain consistent during the movement of the piston 42, the piston rod 43 is a double-headed piston rod; the piston rod 43 is movably connected to the top plate 30 so that the piston rod 43 can move synchronously with the top plate 30 in the first direction, and the piston rod 43 can move relative to the top plate 30 in the second direction and the third direction; the first direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder 41, the second direction is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder 41, and the third direction is a vertical direction; a damping channel is provided inside the valve device 50, and the two ends of the damping channel are connected to the first chamber 411 and the second chamber 412 through pipelines respectively, and the valve device 50 is equipped to be able to adjust the flow area of ​​the damping channel.

[0035] It should be noted that the first direction and the second direction of the present invention are relative directions defined for the convenience of description and are based on a single hydraulic damper 40 , and do not represent a limitation on the absolute direction of the hydraulic damper 40 .

[0036] The shock absorbing block 20 is composed of a rubber layer and a steel plate, which can effectively absorb and isolate vibration. The rubber layer provides elasticity, and the steel plate provides structural strength. The combination of the two can improve the overall shock absorption effect. The hydraulic damper 40 can effectively absorb the energy generated by vibration through the design of the hydraulic cylinder 41 and the piston 42. It should be understood that in actual application of the seismic base of the building, the top plate 30 will not only produce displacement in the first direction, but also displacement in the second and third directions. In order to accurately control the damping of the hydraulic damper 40, the present invention requires each hydraulic damper 40 to absorb vibration in only one direction. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder 41 of the hydraulic damper 40 needs to be fixed. At this time, the piston rod 43 is movably connected to the top plate 30, which can ensure that the top plate 30 can transfer energy with the hydraulic damper 40 in the first direction, and can also avoid the top plate 30 causing loads in other directions on the hydraulic damper 40 and causing damage to the hydraulic damper 40. The valve device 50 is provided with a damping channel and is capable of adjusting the flow area, so that the system can adjust the damping characteristics according to actual needs and optimize the shock absorption effect.

[0037] See also Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the valve device 50 includes a valve core 52 and a valve housing 51, the valve core 52 is rotatably arranged in the valve housing 51, a blind hole 521 is provided at the center of the valve core 52, a damping slit 522 is provided on the side wall of the valve core 52, the damping slit 522 is arranged in an arc shape along the circumference of the valve core 52, and the damping slit 522 penetrates from the inner wall of the blind hole 521 to the outer wall of the valve core 52; an arc groove 513 opposite to the damping slit 522 is provided on the inner wall of the valve housing 51, and when the valve core 52 rotates, the damping slit 522 can be changed. The length of the area where the damping slit 522 is connected to the arc groove 513; the valve housing 51 is provided with a first interface 511 and a second interface 512, the first interface 511 is connected to the arc groove 513, and the second interface 512 is connected to the blind hole 521, and the first interface 511, the arc groove 513, the damping slit 522, the blind hole 521 and the second interface 512 together constitute the damping channel; the first interface 511 is connected to the first chamber 411 through a pipeline, and the second interface 512 is connected to the second chamber 412 through a pipeline.

[0038] When the valve core 52 rotates, the relative position between the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513 will change, thereby changing the length of the connecting area between the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513. The length of the connecting area determines the flow area of ​​the damping slit 522, and further adjusts the fluid flow through the damping channel. This change in flow directly affects the damping performance, that is, changes the damping coefficient of the system. In this embodiment, the overlapping area of ​​the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513 can be accurately adjusted by rotating the valve core 52, so as to accurately control the resistance of the fluid flow. This adjustment method can flexibly adjust the damping characteristics as needed to adapt to different vibration conditions; the flow area of ​​the damping channel can be quickly adjusted by rotating the valve core 52, which can quickly respond to vibration changes and provide an immediate damping effect; the design of the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513 allows the flow of the damping channel to be adjusted within a larger range, so a wide adjustment range can be achieved under different working conditions; due to the precise fit of the valve core 52 and the valve housing 51, the damping performance is stable and predictable, avoiding unnecessary fluctuations in the fluid flow; the valve device 50 can adjust the damping through a simple rotation action, reducing complex mechanical components and maintenance costs, and making the structural design simpler and more reliable.

[0039] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, a linkage mechanism is provided between the valve core 52 and the top plate 30, and the linkage mechanism is assembled so that when the top plate 30 is displaced in the first direction relative to the initial position, the valve core 52 can be driven to rotate to change the length of the connecting area between the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513, and as the displacement of the top plate 30 increases, the length of the connecting area between the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513 gradually decreases; the initial position refers to the position of the top plate 30 when it is not subjected to horizontal load.

[0040] When the top plate 30 is displaced in the first direction relative to the initial position, the linkage mechanism is activated. This displacement drives the linkage mechanism to rotate the valve core 52. The rotation of the valve core 52 changes the relative position between the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513. As the displacement of the top plate 30 increases, the valve core 52 rotates so that the length of the connecting area between the damping slit 522 and the arc groove 513 gradually decreases. When the length of the connecting area decreases, the resistance to fluid flow increases, thereby improving the damping effect. This design allows the system to automatically adjust the damping effect. When the displacement of the top plate 30 increases, the connecting area of ​​the damping slit 522 becomes smaller, which enhances the damping effect and effectively controls the vibration. The linkage mechanism can dynamically adjust the position of the valve core 52 according to the actual displacement of the top plate 30 to achieve real-time damping adjustment. This dynamic response helps to provide more precise control under vibration conditions. Under normal circumstances, that is, when the top plate 30 is not displaced, the damping effect is small and maintains good comfort; when vibration occurs, the system can quickly improve the damping effect and balance comfort and anti-seismic performance.

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the linkage mechanism includes a trigger rod 33 and a swing arm 53, the trigger rod 33 is fixedly arranged relative to the top plate 30, and the length direction of the trigger rod 33 is parallel to the second direction, the swing arm 53 is fixedly connected to the valve core 52, and the swing arm 53 is provided with a strip groove 531 arranged along the length direction of the swing arm 53, and the trigger rod 33 is inserted into the strip groove 531, so that when the top plate 30 is displaced along the first direction, the trigger rod 33 can drive the swing arm 53 to swing, and when the top plate 30 is displaced along the second direction, the trigger rod 33 can slide relative to the swing arm 53. The linkage mechanism provided in this embodiment has a simple transmission mode and has high reliability and stability.

[0042] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 7As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the edge of the top plate 30 is provided with a side plate extending downward, and the side plate is provided with a first slide rail 31 and a second slide rail 32, the first slide rail 31 is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the first slide rail 31 is arranged along the third direction; the second slide rail 32 is movably connected to the first slide rail 31 along the third direction, the second slide rail 32 is arranged along the second direction, and the piston rod 43 is movably connected to the second slide rail 32 along the second direction. Preferably, the second slide rail 32 includes a C-shaped channel steel, and a roller 44 is provided at the end of the piston rod 43, and the roller 44 is rollingly arranged in the C-shaped channel steel. It should be understood that the arrangement of the first slide rail 31 and the second slide rail 32 is not unique. For example, in some other embodiments, the first slide rail 31 can be arranged along the second direction; the second slide rail 32 is movably connected to the first slide rail 31 along the second direction, the second slide rail 32 is arranged along the third direction, and the piston rod 43 is movably connected to the second slide rail 32 along the third direction.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the top plate 30 and the bottom plate 10 are respectively provided with anchor bolt mounting holes 34. The hydraulic cylinder 41 is installed on a base 60, and the base 60 is used to connect the concrete foundation. Two hydraulic dampers 40 are provided, and the axes of the two hydraulic dampers 40 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The piston rods 43 of the two hydraulic dampers 40 are respectively movably connected to two adjacent side walls of the top plate 30, so as to absorb vibration energy in different directions.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

[0045] In the description herein, many specific details, such as examples of components and / or methods, are provided to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details or with other devices, systems, components, methods, components, materials, parts, etc. In other cases, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not specifically shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building seismic base, characterized in that: include: A base plate (10) for connecting to a concrete foundation; A shock absorbing block (20), the shock absorbing block (20) being formed by a composite of a rubber layer and a steel plate, the shock absorbing block (20) being connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (10); A top plate (30) connected to the top surface of the shock absorbing block (20), the top plate (30) being used to connect to a supported object; A hydraulic damper (40) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (41), a piston (42) and a piston rod (43); the hydraulic cylinder (41) is arranged in a horizontal direction and is fixed relative to the base plate (10); the piston (42) is slidably arranged in the hydraulic cylinder (41) and divides the internal space of the hydraulic cylinder (41) into a first chamber (411) and a second chamber (412); the piston rod (43) is connected to the piston (42) and protrudes to The piston rod (43) is movably connected to the top plate (30) at the outer side of the end surface of the hydraulic cylinder (41), so that the piston rod (43) can move synchronously with the top plate (30) in a first direction, and the piston rod (43) can move in a second direction and a third direction relative to the top plate (30); the first direction is a direction parallel to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder (41), the second direction is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axis of the hydraulic cylinder (41), and the third direction is a vertical direction; A valve device (50), wherein a damping channel is provided inside the valve device (50), and two ends of the damping channel are respectively connected to the first chamber (411) and the second chamber (412) through pipelines, and the valve device (50) is configured to be able to adjust the flow area of ​​the damping channel; The valve device (50) comprises a valve core (52) and a valve housing (51); the valve core (52) is rotatably arranged in the valve housing (51); a blind hole (521) is provided at the center of the valve core (52); a damping slit (522) is provided on the side wall of the valve core (52); the damping slit (522) is arranged in an arc shape along the circumference of the valve core (52); the damping slit (522) penetrates from the inner wall of the blind hole (521) to the outer wall of the valve core (52); an arc groove (513) is provided on the inner wall of the valve housing (51) opposite to the damping slit (522); when the valve core (52) rotates, the damping slit (522) can be changed. 2) the length of the area connected to the arc-shaped groove (513); the valve housing (51) is provided with a first interface (511) and a second interface (512), the first interface (511) is connected to the arc-shaped groove (513), the second interface (512) is connected to the blind hole (521), the first interface (511), the arc-shaped groove (513), the damping slit (522), the blind hole (521) and the second interface (512) together constitute the damping channel; the first interface (511) is connected to the first chamber (411) through a pipeline, and the second interface (512) is connected to the second chamber (412) through a pipeline; A linkage mechanism is provided between the valve core (52) and the top plate (30), and the linkage mechanism is configured so that when the top plate (30) is displaced in the first direction relative to an initial position, the valve core (52) can be driven to rotate, so as to change the length of the connecting area between the damping slit (522) and the arc-shaped groove (513), and as the displacement of the top plate (30) increases, the length of the connecting area between the damping slit (522) and the arc-shaped groove (513) gradually decreases; the initial position refers to the position of the top plate (30) when it is not subjected to a horizontal load.

2. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism comprises a trigger rod (33) and a swing arm (53); the trigger rod (33) is fixedly arranged relative to the top plate (30), and the length direction of the trigger rod (33) is parallel to the second direction; the swing arm (53) is fixedly connected to the valve core (52); the swing arm (53) is provided with a strip groove (531) arranged along the length direction of the swing arm (53); the trigger rod (33) is inserted into the strip groove (531), so that when the top plate (30) is displaced along the first direction, the trigger rod (33) can drive the swing arm (53) to swing; and when the top plate (30) is displaced along the second direction, the trigger rod (33) can slide relative to the swing arm (53).

3. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side plate extending downward is provided at the edge of the top plate (30), and a first slide rail (31) and a second slide rail (32) are provided on the side plate. The first slide rail (31) is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the first slide rail (31) is arranged along the third direction; the second slide rail (32) is movably connected to the first slide rail (31) along the third direction, and the second slide rail (32) is arranged along the second direction, and the piston rod (43) is movably connected to the second slide rail (32) along the second direction.

4. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side plate extending downward is provided at the edge of the top plate (30), and a first slide rail (31) and a second slide rail (32) are provided on the side plate. The first slide rail (31) is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the first slide rail (31) is arranged along the second direction; the second slide rail (32) is movably connected to the first slide rail (31) along the second direction, and the second slide rail (32) is arranged along the third direction, and the piston rod (43) is movably connected to the second slide rail (32) along the third direction.

5. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The second slide rail (32) comprises a C-shaped channel steel, and a roller (44) is provided at the end of the piston rod (43), and the roller (44) is rotatably arranged in the C-shaped channel steel.

6. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anchor bolt mounting holes (34) are respectively provided on the top plate (30) and the bottom plate (10).

7. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder (41) is mounted on a base (60), and the base (60) is used to connect to the concrete foundation.

8. The earthquake-resistant base of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two hydraulic dampers (40) are provided, and the axes of the two hydraulic dampers (40) are arranged perpendicular to each other. The piston rods (43) of the two hydraulic dampers (40) are respectively movably connected to two adjacent side walls of the top plate (30).

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