An impact testing machine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of impact test equipment, and discloses an impact tester, which includes a base, a workbench and an impact device, wherein the workbench is slidably connected to the base, and a test piece can be placed and positioned on the side of the workbench away from the base, and the impact device includes an impact driver and an impact hammer, wherein the impact driver is located between the base and the workbench; the impact hammer is connected to the impact driver, and when the workbench is located at the position closest to the base, a gap is left between the impact hammer and the workbench, and the impact driver can drive the impact hammer to move in a sliding direction parallel to the workbench and hit the workbench. The impact tester of the present invention increases the acceleration of the impact hammer through the impact driver to perform a large acceleration impact test on the test piece, has extremely high impact energy, and can test the impact on the function and reliability of the test piece under an explosive impact environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of impact testing equipment, in particular to an impact testing machine. Background Art

[0002] Shock test is a method for testing the performance of parts in industries such as aerospace, ships, and defense. The current shock test is mainly conducted through a drop shock test bench. The test piece is placed on the table of the drop shock test bench, and the table is used to perform free fall at different heights to hit the shock platform for shock testing. The waveform generator is used to obtain shock waveforms such as half-sine wave and post-peak sawtooth wave.

[0003] Since the initial velocity of the falling object is zero, and the velocity of the object after falling will increase with the increase of the falling height, the falling velocity of the table is determined by the falling height of the table. However, the falling height of the table will be limited by the overall height of the testing machine. In addition, the initial velocity of the falling table is zero, which ultimately leads to a small impact acceleration of the table, making it impossible to perform a large impact acceleration test on the specimen. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an impact testing machine, which can conveniently perform a large acceleration impact test on a specimen when the height of the testing machine is limited, so as to test the influence of an explosive impact environment on the function and reliability of the specimen.

[0005] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An impact testing machine, comprising a base and a workbench, wherein the workbench is slidably connected to the base, and a side of the workbench away from the base can be used to place and position a test piece, and the impact testing machine also comprises an impact device, wherein the impact device comprises:

[0007] an impact driver located between the base and the work table; and,

[0008] An impact hammer head, the impact hammer head is connected to the impact driver, when the workbench is located closest to the base, a gap is left between the impact hammer head and the workbench, and the impact driver can drive the impact hammer head to move along a sliding direction parallel to the workbench and hit the workbench;

[0009] The base is provided with a guide column, and a plurality of guide columns are arranged along a sliding direction parallel to the workbench. A guide ring is slidably sleeved on the guide column, and the guide ring is connected to the workbench.

[0010] The inner ring of the guide ring is provided with a mounting groove, the interior of the mounting groove is provided with a guide brake ring, the inner ring of the guide brake ring is slidably sleeved on the guide column, and the guide brake ring can be squeezed to produce deformation;

[0011] An extrusion piece is provided between the outer ring of the guide brake ring and the side wall of the mounting groove, and the extrusion piece can extrude the guide brake ring so that after the guide brake ring is deformed, the inner ring of the guide brake ring abuts against the guide column.

[0012] Preferably, the impact driving member is an impact cylinder, the piston rod of the impact cylinder moves in a sliding direction parallel to the workbench, the piston rod of the impact cylinder is connected to the impact hammer head, and the impact cylinder is connected to a compressed air source through a pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the extrusion member is an annular air bag, and the interior of the extrusion member is connected to a compressed air source through an air pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring of the guide brake ring is provided with a plurality of air outlets along its radial direction, and the guide brake ring is provided with an air inlet, which connects a compressed air source and the air outlet.

[0015] Preferably, the impact testing machine further comprises a negative impact device, and the negative impact device comprises:

[0016] A negative impact member, the negative impact member is connected to the workbench and protrudes out of the workbench;

[0017] a fixing seat connected to the base; and

[0018] The blocking member is connected to the fixing seat, and is used to block the negative impact member from moving in a direction away from the base, and the blocking member can be moved by the negative impact member.

[0019] Preferably, the negative impact member is an impact blade, and a cutting edge is provided on a side of the impact blade away from the base, and the cutting edge can cut the blocking member.

[0020] Preferably, the blocking member is a rope, the rope is passed through the fixing seat, and both ends of the rope are fixed by tying knots.

[0021] Preferably, a bottom plate is provided on a side of the base away from the impact device, and a plurality of vibration-damping components are provided between the base and the bottom plate.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The impact testing machine of the present invention places the test piece on a workbench during the test, and uses an impact driving member to drive the impact hammer to impact the workbench at high speed, thereby performing a high-speed impact test. When the height of the impact testing machine is limited, the acceleration of the impact hammer is increased by the impact driving member, and a high-acceleration impact test is performed on the test piece with extremely high impact energy, so as to test the influence on the function and reliability of the test piece in an explosive impact environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the impact testing machine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the impact cylinder of the present invention along the radial direction of the cylinder barrel;

[0026] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the guide ring of the present invention along its radial direction;

[0027] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the guide brake ring of the present invention along its radial direction;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the negative impact device of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1. Base; 11. Air reservoir; 12. Bracket; 13. Guide column; 131. Limiting ring; 14. Bottom plate; 2. Workbench; 21. Mounting seat; 3. Impact device; 31. Impact cylinder; 311. Cylinder barrel; 3111. First cavity; 3112. Second cavity; 312. Rear cylinder cover; 313. Front cylinder cover; 3131. Buffer pad; 3132. Anti-collision ring; 314. Piston; 315. Piston rod; 316. Locking ring; 317 , impact head; 32, impact hammer head; 4, guide ring; 41, mounting groove; 42, guide brake ring; 421, air outlet; 422, air inlet; 423, gas buffer groove; 43, air bag; 44, cover plate; 5, negative impact device; 51, impact blade; 511, cutting edge; 52, fixing seat; 521, fixing bracket; 53, rope; 6, vibration reduction assembly; 61, vibration reduction seat; 62, vibration absorber; 63, spring; 7, waveform generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0034] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0035] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 5 The impact testing machine provided by the present invention will be described.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The impact testing machine includes a base 1, a workbench 2 and an impact device 3. The workbench 2 is slidably connected to the base 1. The side of the workbench 2 away from the base 1 can place and position the test piece. The impact device 3 is arranged between the base 1 and the workbench 2.

[0037] Specifically, the base 1 in this embodiment is arranged horizontally, a bracket 12 is connected to the top of the base 1, and the workbench 2 is slidably connected to the top of the bracket 12. The workbench 2 in this embodiment is arranged in a cube and slides in the vertical direction. For example, a plurality of guide posts 13 are connected to the top of the bracket 12, and the guide posts 13 are arranged in a direction parallel to the sliding direction of the workbench 2, that is, the guide posts 13 are arranged in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, four guide posts 13 are taken as an example, and the four guide posts 13 are distributed at the four corners of the workbench 2. A guide ring 4 is slidably sleeved on each guide post 13, and all guide rings 4 are connected to the workbench 2, so as to realize the sliding connection between the workbench 2 and the bracket 12, and at the same time, the guide posts 13 guide and limit the sliding of the workbench 2. The top of each guide post 13 is threadedly connected to a limiting ring 131, and the bottom of each guide ring 4 is also provided with a rubber cushion to prevent the guide ring 4 from detaching from the guide post 13 during the upward sliding process.

[0038] In addition, in this embodiment, the height of the guide column 13 is raised by the bracket 12, so that even when the workbench 2 is in the lowest position, there is a certain gap between it and the impact device 3 in the vertical direction. In some other embodiments, blocks, pins, etc. can be set on the guide column 13 to limit the lowest position of the guide ring 4.

[0039] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the base 1 can also be tilted at a certain angle; in some other embodiments, the workbench 2 can also be in the shape of a cylinder, a hexagonal prism, etc., without limitation; in some other embodiments, a linear guide rail can be arranged between the bracket 12 and the workbench 2, or a limit plate can be arranged around the workbench 2 to achieve sliding cooperation between the workbench 2 and the bracket 12, and the specific form is not limited.

[0040] Furthermore, a specimen mounting hole is processed on the top of the workbench 2, through which a fixture for mounting the specimen can be threadedly connected, thereby realizing the positioning of the specimen. The mounting direction of the specimen can be changed by rotating the fixture, so that tests in different directions can be carried out, and the impact waveform required by the specimen in different directions can be obtained.

[0041] In addition, the workbench 2 in this embodiment is made of aluminum alloy material, which has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, high strength, and light weight, so it has a higher first-order resonance frequency and small high-frequency noise, and can easily achieve a small pulse width indicator.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The impact device 3 includes an impact driver and an impact hammer 32. The impact driver is placed inside the bracket 12. The impact hammer 32 is connected to the impact driver. The impact driver can drive the impact hammer 32 to move along a sliding direction parallel to the workbench 2. The impact driver in this embodiment is an impact cylinder 31. In other embodiments, the impact driver can also be a high-speed electric cylinder, an oil cylinder, etc., without limitation.

[0043] Specifically in this embodiment, the impact cylinder 31 includes a cylinder barrel 311, a rear cylinder head 312, a front cylinder head 313, a piston 314 and a piston rod 315. The cylinder barrel 311 is a vertically arranged cylinder. The rear cylinder head 312 and the front cylinder head 313 are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the cylinder barrel 311 and seal the two ends of the cylinder barrel 311. A locking ring 316 is provided at the bottom of the rear cylinder head 312. The locking ring 316 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 311. A sealing gasket (not shown in the figure) is provided between the locking ring 316 and the rear cylinder head 312, thereby achieving a good sealing effect on the interior of the cylinder barrel 311.

[0044] Furthermore, the piston 314 is slidably connected to the inside of the cylinder 311, and the piston 314 slides along the length direction of the cylinder 311. The piston 314 divides the inside of the cylinder 311 into a first cavity 3111 and a second cavity 3112 which are isolated from each other. The second cavity 3112 is located above the first cavity 3111. The first cavity 3111 is connected to a compressed air source through a pipeline, and a regulating valve is arranged in the middle of the pipeline. The compressed air source in this embodiment is an air storage cylinder 11 arranged on the base 1. In some other embodiments, the compressed air source can also be an air compressor or a compressed gas cylinder. A flow valve is arranged on the cylinder 311, and the flow valve is connected to the second cavity 3112. The piston rod 315 is placed inside the second cavity 3112. One end of the piston rod 315 close to the first cavity 3111 is connected to a connecting shaft with a diameter smaller than the body. The connecting shaft is penetrated by the piston 314 and is threadedly connected with a nut. The other end of the piston rod 315 is slidably penetrated by the front cylinder cover 313 and is connected to the impact head 317.

[0045] The impact hammer head 32 is connected to the impact head 317. The impact hammer head 32 can be selected from a variety of external shapes such as a round head, a flat head, a cone head, etc. This embodiment takes a flat head as an example.

[0046] Based on the above, before the impact device 3 works, the piston rod 315 and the workbench 2 are at the lowest position, and the impact hammer 32 is set lower than the workbench 2, and there is a gap between the impact hammer 32 and the workbench 2. When the impact device 3 works, compressed air is introduced into the first cavity 3111 through the air cylinder 11, and the piston rod 315 and the impact hammer 32 are pushed upward by the compressed air to make the impact hammer 32 quickly hit the workbench 2, so that the workbench 2 quickly slides upward and resets under the action of its own gravity, thereby performing a large acceleration impact test on the specimen with extremely high impact energy, so as to test the impact on the function and reliability of the specimen under the explosive impact environment; in this process, the air inside the second cavity 3112 is discharged through the flow valve, and the discharge speed of the air inside the second cavity 3112 can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the flow valve, thereby accurately controlling the impact speed of the impact hammer 32 hitting the workbench 2.

[0047] In addition, a buffer pad 3131 is provided inside the cylinder 311, and the buffer pad 3131 is located at the bottom of the front cylinder cover 313. An anti-collision ring 3132 is provided on the top of the front cylinder cover 313. The buffer pad 3131 and the anti-collision ring 3132 are both made of flexible materials, such as rubber, foam, etc. In this embodiment, rubber is taken as an example. The buffer pad 3131 prevents the piston 314 from hitting the front cylinder cover 313 when it moves upward, and the anti-collision ring 3132 prevents the impact head 317 from hitting the front cylinder cover 313 when it moves downward, thereby protecting the front cylinder cover 313.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 Furthermore, each guide ring 4 has an inner ring with a mounting groove 41, which is annular and penetrates the guide ring 4 upward. A cover plate 44 is detachably connected to the top of the guide ring 4 by bolts, and the cover plate 44 covers the opening of the mounting groove 41, so that components can be installed inside the mounting groove 41 before the cover plate 44 is installed. A guide brake ring 42 is provided inside each mounting groove 41, and the inner ring of the guide brake ring 42 is slidably sleeved on the guide column 13. The guide column 13 and the guide brake ring 42 cooperate to guide and limit the sliding of the workbench 2, and the guide brake ring 42 can be squeezed to produce deformation. An extrusion piece is provided between the outer ring of the guide brake ring 42 and the side wall of the mounting groove 41, and the extrusion piece can squeeze the guide brake ring 42, so that after the guide brake ring 42 is deformed, the inner ring of the guide brake ring 42 abuts against the guide column 13.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide ring 4 is made of steel with poor ductility, and in some other embodiments, the material of the guide ring 4 may also be iron, etc., and the guide brake ring 42 is made of bronze with good ductility, and in some other embodiments, the material of the guide brake ring 42 may also be gold or aluminum, etc.; the extrusion is an annular air bag 43, and the interior of the extrusion is connected to the compressed air source through an air pipe, that is, the air cylinder 11 in this embodiment.

[0050] Based on the above, before the airbag 43 is inflated, the inner ring of the guide brake ring 42 is in sliding cooperation with the guide column 13. When the airbag 43 is inflated, since the guide ring 4 at the outer ring of the airbag 43 has poor ductility, the airbag 43 can only squeeze the guide brake ring 42 with better ductility inward, so that the inner ring of the guide brake ring 42 is tightly against the guide column 13, increasing the friction between the guide brake ring 42 and the guide column 13, so that the workbench 2 can be braked during the process of the workbench 2 sliding upward quickly to meet different test requirements and prevent the guide ring 4 from hitting the limit ring 131. It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the extrusion piece is also an annular oil bag, and the guide brake ring 42 is squeezed by inflating the inside of the oil bag, or the extrusion piece is an extrusion sheet that slides radially along the guide ring 4.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The inner ring of each guide brake ring 42 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 421 along its radial direction. In the present embodiment, two groups of air outlets 421 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the guide brake ring 42, and each group of air outlets 421 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 421 along the axial direction of the guide brake ring 42. In the present embodiment, four air outlets 421 are taken as an example. Each air outlet 421 is arranged along the radial direction of the guide brake ring 42, and one end of each air inlet 422 close to the inner ring of the guide brake ring 42 is connected to the inner ring of the guide brake ring 42, and one end of each air inlet 422 close to the outer ring of the guide brake ring 42 is blocked by a plug. An air inlet 422 is also provided on the guide brake ring 42, and one air inlet 422 is provided for each group of air outlets 421. Each air inlet 422 is arranged along an axial direction parallel to the guide brake ring 42. The air inlet 422 is connected to all the air outlets 421 of a group of air outlets 421, and one end of the air inlet 422 is connected to a compressed air source through a pipeline, namely, the air storage cylinder 11 in this embodiment.

[0052] When compressed air is introduced into the air inlet 422, the compressed air enters between the guide post 13 and the guide brake ring 42 through the air inlet 422, so that a small gap is generated between the guide post 13 and the guide brake ring 42. Figure 4 The direction indicated by the middle arrow is the flow direction of the compressed air, thereby reducing the friction resistance of the guide brake ring 42 when it slides, which not only reduces power consumption, but also can more accurately control the impact speed of the workbench 2 to obtain a better test waveform; it can also reduce the wear of the guide column 13 and the guide brake ring 42, and extend the service life of both. The inner ring of the guide brake ring 42 is also provided with a gas buffer groove 423, which is arranged in an annular shape. The gas buffer groove 423 can improve the rigidity and strength of the guide brake ring 42, making the guide brake ring 42 more durable and stable. At the same time, it also increases the heat dissipation area of ​​the guide brake ring 42, which is convenient for the guide brake ring 42 to dissipate heat.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5 The impact testing machine also includes a negative impact device 5, which includes a negative impact piece, a fixing seat 52 and a blocking piece. The negative impact piece is connected to the workbench 2 and protrudes from the workbench 2. Specifically, the workbench 2 in this embodiment is detachably connected to a mounting seat 21 on both sides of each other. The detachable connection method in this embodiment is a bolt connection, and a mounting groove 41 is provided on the side of the mounting seat 21 away from the workbench 2. The negative impact piece is an impact blade plate 51. Each impact blade plate 51 is provided with one inside the mounting groove 41. The impact blade plate 51 is partially installed inside the mounting groove 41. A cutting edge 511 is provided on the top of each impact blade plate 51, and the cutting edge 511 can cut the blocking piece.

[0054] Furthermore, a fixed seat 52 is detachably connected to each impact blade 51 at the top of the bracket 12. In this embodiment, the detachable connection is bolted. A fixed bracket 521 is connected to the top of each fixed seat 52. The fixed bracket 521 is roughly U-shaped, and the opening faces the workbench 2. The part of the impact blade 51 away from the workbench 2 extends into the opening. A blocking member is installed on each fixed bracket 521. The blocking member is used to block the negative impact member from moving away from the base 1, that is, to block the impact blade 51 from moving upward. The blocking member can be cut by the cutting edge 511 of the impact blade 51. In this embodiment, the blocking member is a rope 53, specifically a nylon rope or a steel wire rope. The rope 53 is passed around the fixed bracket 521 at a position higher than the cutting edge 511 on the impact blade 51, and the two ends of the rope 53 are fixed by knotting.

[0055] Based on the above, when the workbench 2 slides upward, the rope 53 is cut by the impact blade 51, thereby applying a certain resistance to the workbench 2 to generate negative acceleration, forcing the workbench 2 moving upward quickly to decelerate; and the upper and lower positions and the number of ropes 53 can be adaptively adjusted according to the test needs to achieve a better impact waveform. In addition, the mounting seat 21 and the fixing seat 52 are both installed in a detachable connection manner, which is convenient for removal when not in use.

[0056] Reference Figure 1 A bottom plate 14 is provided on one side of the base 1 away from the impact device 3, that is, a bottom plate 14 is provided at the bottom of the base 1, and a plurality of vibration reduction components 6 are provided between the base 1 and the bottom plate 14. Four vibration reduction components 6 are taken as an example in this embodiment, and the four vibration reduction components 6 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the base 1. Each vibration reduction component 6 includes a vibration reduction seat 61, a vibration damper 62 and a spring 63. Two vibration reduction seats 61 are arranged in the vertical direction, and the two vibration reduction seats 61 are respectively connected to the bottom plate 14 and the base 1. The vibration damper 62 is connected between the two vibration reduction seats 61, and the spring 63 is connected between the two vibration reduction seats 61. A plurality of springs 63 are provided along the circumference of the vibration damper 62, and four are taken as an example in this embodiment.

[0057] When the impact tester is working, the spring 63 bears the weight of the base 1 and all the components installed above the base 1, mitigates the impact of the base 1 on the ground, and prevents the base 1 from directly impacting the ground and causing damage to the components. The shock absorber 62 is used to suppress and absorb the energy brought by the vibration of the spring 63, and converts the energy into heat energy through the up and down movement of the piston rod 315 in the cylinder 311 of the shock absorber 62, and releases it into the air, thereby achieving the effect of buffering and vibration reduction.

[0058] The impact tester also includes a detection device, which includes a waveform generator 7 and a controller. The waveform generator is connected to the bottom of the workbench 2. The waveform generator 7 can be made of rubber, wool felt, lead plate, wood board and other materials. In this embodiment, rubber is used as an example. By using a combination of impact hammer heads 32 of different shapes and waveform generators 7 of different materials, a variety of test waveforms such as half-sine and T-wave can be generated, so that the impact tester has good compatibility. The controller is connected to the base 1, and the waveform generator 7, the regulating valve, the flow valve and the air valve in the pipeline are all electrically connected to the controller. The impact speed of the impact hammer head 32 is accurately controlled by the controller, and the waveform signal generated after the workbench 2 is impacted is collected, and then the test data is calculated to improve the accuracy of the test data.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact testing machine, comprising a base (1) and a workbench (2), wherein the workbench (2) is slidably connected to the base (1), and a side of the workbench (2) away from the base (1) is capable of placing and positioning a test piece, characterized in that: The impact testing machine further comprises an impact device (3), wherein the impact device (3) comprises: an impact driver, the impact driver being located between the base (1) and the workbench (2); and an impact hammer head (32), the impact hammer head (32) being connected to the impact driving member, and when the workbench (2) is located closest to the base (1), a gap is left between the impact hammer head (32) and the workbench (2), and the impact driving member can drive the impact hammer head (32) to move along a sliding direction parallel to the workbench (2) and strike the workbench (2); The base (1) is provided with a guide column (13), a plurality of the guide columns (13) are provided along a sliding direction parallel to the workbench (2), a guide ring (4) is slidably sleeved on the guide column (13), and the guide ring (4) is connected to the workbench (2); The inner ring of the guide ring (4) is provided with a mounting groove (41), the interior of the mounting groove (41) is provided with a guide brake ring (42), the inner ring of the guide brake ring (42) is slidably sleeved on the guide column (13), and the guide brake ring (42) can be squeezed to generate deformation; An extrusion piece is provided between the outer ring of the guide brake ring (42) and the side wall of the mounting groove (41), and the extrusion piece is capable of extruding the guide brake ring (42) so that after the guide brake ring (42) is deformed, the inner ring of the guide brake ring (42) abuts against the guide column (13); The inner ring of the guide brake ring (42) is provided with a plurality of air outlets (421) along its radial direction, and the guide brake ring (42) is provided with an air inlet (422), wherein the air inlet (422) is connected to a compressed air source and the air outlet (421).

2. An impact testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact drive member is an impact cylinder (31), the piston rod (315) of the impact cylinder (31) moves in a sliding direction parallel to the workbench (2), the piston rod (315) of the impact cylinder (31) is connected to the impact hammer head (32), and the impact cylinder (31) is connected to a compressed air source via a pipeline.

3. An impact testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion piece is an annular air bag (43), and the interior of the extrusion piece is connected to a compressed air source via an air pipe.

4. An impact testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The impact testing machine further comprises a negative impact device (5), wherein the negative impact device (5) comprises: A negative impact member, the negative impact member being connected to the workbench (2) and being arranged to protrude from the workbench (2); a fixing seat (52), the fixing seat (52) being connected to the base (1); and A blocking member, the blocking member is connected to the fixing seat (52), the blocking member is used to block the negative impact member from moving in a direction away from the base (1), and the blocking member can be moved by the negative impact member.

5. An impact testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The negative impact member is an impact blade (51), and a cutting edge (511) is provided on a side of the impact blade (51) away from the base (1), and the cutting edge (511) is capable of cutting the blocking member.

6. An impact testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blocking member is a rope (53), the rope (53) is passed through and wound around the fixing seat (52), and two ends of the rope (53) are fixed by tying a knot.

7. An impact testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A bottom plate (14) is provided on a side of the base (1) away from the impact device (3), and a plurality of vibration reduction components (6) are provided between the base (1) and the bottom plate (14).

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