A system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of forest ecological equipment, and provides a system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies, including a server, a data acquisition module, a canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, an intelligent analysis module, and a decision-making interaction module. The data acquisition module is used to collect image data of the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy, infrared characteristics of the leaves in the mechanical wear area, wind speed and wind direction data of the growth area where the plant is located. The canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module analyzes according to the image data of the mechanical wear area to determine the superior and inferior branches of the plant canopy. If the superior and inferior branches of the plant canopy cannot be determined through the image data of the mechanical wear area, the intelligent analysis module is triggered to perform intelligent analysis on the branches in the mechanical wear area based on the image data, leaf infrared characteristics, wind speed data, and wind direction data to form an analysis result. The decision-making interaction module makes a decision on the plant canopy according to the analysis result to form a decision result, and interacts and prompts the decision result to the manager.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forest ecological equipment, and particularly to a system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies. Background Art

[0002] The structure and health status of plant canopies are crucial for the functions of ecosystems. Mechanical wear of plant canopies, including physical damage caused by wind, rainfall, and animal activities, has important impacts on growth, morphological indicators such as plant canopy differentiation, canopy dynamics, and stand development patterns, as well as survival competition. However, its action mechanism is still unclear, and the observation means and monitoring methods still need to be strengthened.

[0003] Traditionally, the monitoring of mechanical wear of plant canopies mainly relies on direct observation, simple measurement, sampling test and analysis, etc. These methods are often time-consuming and have limited accuracy, and it is difficult to achieve large-scale or high-frequency data collection and real-time monitoring. Currently, there are no dedicated devices, tools, and method systems for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies. Existing methods, such as an object-oriented remote sensing image tree canopy contour and parameter automatic extraction method and system disclosed in Chinese Patent CN102096818B, only give the extraction and analysis of tree canopy contours through remote sensing images, but lack dedicated monitoring means for mechanical wear of tree canopies, and have defects such as lack of monitoring ability for tree canopy contours and poor accuracy; in addition, although environmental factors have a significant impact on the structure and mechanical wear of plant canopies, existing technologies rarely can monitor these environmental data in real time and integrate them for comprehensive analysis, especially lacking an in-depth understanding of the complex interaction mechanism between environmental changes and plant responses;

[0004] Environmental factors (such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, soil moisture content, solar radiation, etc.) affect the physiological responses and adaptation strategies of plants, and thus affect their growth and competitiveness. The infrared characteristics of plant leaves have the characteristics of rapid environmental response, relatively convenient acquisition, and large correlation with plant physiological traits, and are ideal parameters for studying the interaction between plants and the environment. However, existing technologies have limitations in integrating environmental monitoring and monitoring of state parameters of plant responses to the environment;

[0005] In order to solve the problems commonly existing in this field, such as poor tree canopy monitoring ability, inability to provide interactive reminders, limitations in monitoring methods, insufficient environmental factor monitoring and plant physiological trait analysis ability, and low intelligence, the present invention is made. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main object of the present invention is to propose a system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor tree canopy monitoring ability, inability to provide interactive reminders, limitations in monitoring methods, insufficient environmental factor monitoring and analysis ability, and low intelligence.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system for monitoring mechanical wear of a plant canopy. The system for monitoring mechanical wear of a plant canopy includes a server, and also includes a data acquisition module, a canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, an intelligent analysis module, and a decision interaction module. The server is respectively connected to the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, and the decision interaction module;

[0008] The data acquisition module is used to acquire image data of the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy, infrared characteristics of the leaves at the contact position, and wind speed and wind direction data of the growth area where the plant is located. The canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module analyzes based on the image data of the mechanical wear area to determine the superior and inferior branches of the plant canopy. If the superior and inferior branches of the plant canopy cannot be determined through the image data of the mechanical wear area, the intelligent analysis module is triggered to perform intelligent analysis on the superior and inferior branches of the mechanical wear area based on the image data, infrared characteristics of the leaves, and wind speed and wind direction data to form an analysis result. The decision interaction module makes a decision on the plant canopy according to the analysis result to form a decision result, and interactively prompts the decision result to the manager;

[0009] The data acquisition module includes a lifting and adjusting unit, a photographing unit, an infrared acquisition unit, and a wind speed and wind direction acquisition unit. The lifting and adjusting unit adjusts the positions of the photographing unit, the infrared acquisition unit, and the wind speed and wind direction acquisition unit. The photographing unit takes images of the branches in the mechanical wear area of the canopy. The infrared acquisition unit acquires the infrared characteristics of the leaves of the branches in the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy. The wind speed and wind direction acquisition unit acquires the wind speed and wind direction data of the growth area where the plant is located.

[0010] Further, the lifting and adjusting unit includes a lifting member, a hammering member, and an auxiliary limiting member. The lifting member adjusts the height of the positions where the photographing unit, the infrared acquisition unit, and the wind speed and wind direction acquisition unit are located. The hammering member hammers the lifting member so that the lifting member stably wedges into the detection position. The auxiliary limiting member performs auxiliary limiting on the lifting member;

[0011] Wherein, the hammering member and the auxiliary limiting member are arranged in the lifting member.

[0012] Further, the lifting member includes a support base, a lifting rod, a lifting drive mechanism, and a lifting detector. One end of the lifting rod is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism to form a lifting part. The lifting part is arranged on the support base. The other end of the lifting rod vertically extends away from the support base. The lifting detector detects the lifting height of the lifting rod.

[0013] Further, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module acquires the image data of the mechanical wear area and makes a judgment according to the following steps:

[0014] S1. Process the image data of the mechanical wear area, and the processing includes noise removal, image enhancement, and binarization; and collect the wind speed and wind direction data around the mechanical wear area;

[0015] S2. Process the preprocessed image through the Canny edge detection algorithm to extract the edges of the branch and leaf areas in the plant canopy;

[0016] S3. Make a direct judgment through the image. If the edge of a branch and leaf area protrudes into the edge of another branch and leaf area, causing the edge of the other branch and leaf area to be concave, presenting a situation of branch mosaic, and contacting and colliding under a set wind speed, then the protruding branch is identified as the superior branch, and the concave branch is identified as the inferior branch.

[0017] Further, the decision-making interaction module includes a decision-making unit and an interaction unit. The decision-making unit makes a decision on the plant canopy according to the analysis result to form a decision result, and the interaction unit interactively prompts the decision result to the manager;

[0018] Among them, the interaction unit includes a communicator and a display secondary screen. The communicator is used to communicate with the decision-making unit, acquire the decision result, and the display secondary screen displays the decision result.

[0019] Further, the intelligent analysis module conducts intelligent analysis on the superior and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area according to the following steps:

[0020] S11. If the superior and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area cannot be directly judged through the image, it is necessary to comprehensively judge and analyze by combining the image, leaf temperature, and leaf infrared spectrum characteristics. Take pictures of the mechanical wear area of the canopy, calculate the minimum distance between the contours of two canopy branches, and judge whether the branches are in contact. If the edge distance between the two contours is close to zero, or the two canopy branches are in direct contact, use the convex hull algorithm to determine the overall shape of the branches and calculate the contact contour range;

[0021] S12. Acquire the leaf temperature and leaf infrared spectrum data of the two contacting branches in the mechanical wear area through the infrared acquisition unit;

[0022] Among them, use a near-infrared spectrometer to measure the spectral absorption characteristics of the leaves of the two contacting branches at the wavelengths of 1400nm, 1900nm, and 1150nm, and analyze the depth of the water absorption valley;

[0023] S13. Calculate the swing amplitudes A of the two contacting branches, namely branch 1 and branch 2, in the mechanical wear area using the wind speed. branch1 and A branch2 ;

[0024] S14. Compare whether there are significant differences in the leaf temperatures, leaf moisture contents, at the strong absorption valleys at 1400 nm and 1900 nm and the weak absorption valley at 1150 nm in the near-infrared band spectrum, and the swing amplitudes of the two contacting branches; if the leaf temperature of the branch is lower, and the strong absorption valleys at 1400 nm and 1900 nm and the weak absorption valley at 1150 nm are stronger, and the swing amplitude of the branch is higher, then it is an inferior branch, otherwise it is a superior branch.

[0025] Furthermore, the pestle member includes a pestle rod, a pestle nail, a vertical rod, and a pestle driving mechanism. The rod body of the pestle rod is hinged to the vertical rod. The pestle nail and the pestle driving mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical rod, and the pestle driving mechanism is connected to one end of the pestle rod to drive the pestle rod to rotate along the hinged position.

[0026] Furthermore, the auxiliary limiting members are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the support seat and perform auxiliary limiting on the periphery of the support seat.

[0027] Furthermore, the auxiliary limiting member includes a limiting groove, a telescopic rod, a telescopic driving mechanism, a limiting rod, and a limiting driving mechanism. One end of the limiting rod is drivingly connected to the limiting driving mechanism to form a limiting portion, and the limiting portion is slidably connected to the limiting groove. The other end of the limiting rod extends toward the side away from the limiting portion. One end of the telescopic rod is drivingly connected to the telescopic driving mechanism to form a telescopic portion, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the rod body of the limiting rod to form a triangular support structure;

[0028] Wherein, the telescopic portion is arranged on the side wall of the support seat.

[0029] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit is arranged between two plants in the monitoring area and acquires images of the plant canopy, leaf temperatures, leaf infrared spectral characteristics, and wind speed and direction data in the plant growth area.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. Through the cooperation among the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, and the intelligent analysis module, the superior and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy can be accurately distinguished, as well as the mechanical wear boundary range thereof, ensuring that the whole system has the advantages of strong analysis ability for superior and inferior branches in the tree crown mechanical wear area, high accuracy, good tree crown monitoring ability, and wide applicability of the monitoring method;

[0032] 2. Through the cooperation of the decision-making unit and the interaction unit, the decision-making effect can be quickly transmitted to the manager and grasped by the manager, improving the interaction comfort and intelligence of the entire system;

[0033] 3. Through the mutual cooperation of the decision-making interaction module and the intelligent analysis module, the dominant and inferior branches in the mechanically worn area of the plant canopy that are not easy to distinguish can be more accurately identified and determined, ensuring that the entire system has the advantages of high interaction comfort, strong interaction reminder ability, high intelligence, strong environmental factor monitoring and analysis ability, and high canopy monitoring ability.

[0034] 4. Through the mutual cooperation between the limiting part and the telescopic part, the posture of the support seat is more stable, and the acquisition effects and reliability of the shooting unit, the infrared acquisition unit, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit are also improved;

[0035] 5. Through the data acquisition module to collect the infrared characteristic data and wind speed and direction data of the plant canopy in the mechanically worn area, the entire system has the advantages of strong real-time monitoring ability and high monitoring accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is the overall block diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is the block diagram of the data acquisition module of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is the block diagram of the shooting unit, the infrared acquisition unit, the wind speed and direction acquisition unit, and the lifting adjustment unit of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is the analysis process diagram of the data acquisition module, the canopy dominant and inferior branch evaluation module, the decision-making interaction module, and the manager of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is the application scenario diagram between the data acquisition module of the present invention and the canopy;

[0042] Figure 6 For Figure 5 the enlarged view at A in

[0043] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the auxiliary limiting member and the support base of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the hammer member and the support base of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 Detail schematic diagram of the steering member of the present invention;

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, lifting rod; 2, wind speed and direction acquisition unit; 3A, shooting unit; 3B, infrared acquisition unit; 4, support base; 5, limiting rod; 6, telescopic rod; 7, limiting groove; 8, hammer cavity; 9, hammer nail; 10, hammer rod; 11, hammer driving mechanism; 12, vertical rod; 13, canopy; 14, steering member; 15, placement seat; 16, steering driving mechanism; 17, steering gear; 18, steering rod; 19, steering operation screen; 20, display secondary screen.

[0047] The realization, functional features and advantages of the object of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0050] In addition, if there are descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0051] Embodiment 1: The following combination Figure 1 、Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , and related embodiments, the solution of the present invention will be further elaborated; this embodiment provides a system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies. The system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies includes a server. The system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies further includes a data acquisition module, a canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, an intelligent analysis module, and a decision interaction module. The server is respectively connected to the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, the intelligent analysis module, and the decision interaction module, and transmits the intermediate data and process data of the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, the intelligent analysis module, and the decision interaction module to the server for storage;

[0052] The data acquisition module is used to collect image data of the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy, the leaf temperature and infrared spectral characteristics of the mutually contacting positions, as well as the wind speed and wind direction data of the growth area where the plant is located. The canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module analyzes according to the image data of the mechanical wear area to determine the superior and inferior branches of the plant canopy. If the superior and inferior branches of the plant canopy cannot be determined through the image data of the mechanical wear area, the intelligent analysis module is triggered to perform intelligent analysis on the superior and inferior branches of the mechanical wear area based on the image data, leaf infrared characteristics (leaf temperature and leaf infrared spectrum), and wind speed and wind direction data to form an analysis result. The decision interaction module makes a decision on the plant canopy according to the analysis result to form a decision result, and interacts and prompts the decision result to the manager;

[0053] The system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies includes a central processing unit. The central processing unit is respectively connected to the server, the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, the intelligent analysis module, and the decision interaction module for control connection, and centrally controls the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, the intelligent analysis module, and the decision interaction module based on the central processing unit, and transmits the control data to the server to improve the monitoring ability of the entire system;

[0054] The data acquisition module includes a lifting and adjusting unit, a photographing unit 3A, an infrared acquisition unit 3B, and a wind speed and direction acquisition unit 2. The lifting and adjusting unit adjusts the positions of the photographing unit 3A, the infrared acquisition unit 3B, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit 2. The photographing unit 3A acquires image data of the branches in the mechanically worn area of the plant canopy. The infrared acquisition unit 3B acquires the infrared characteristics of the leaves of the branches in the mechanically worn area of the plant canopy. The wind speed and direction acquisition unit acquires the wind speed and direction data of the growth area where the plant is located.

[0055] The photographing unit 3A includes a camera, a placement seat 15, and a steering member 14. The placement seat is for placing the steering member 14. The steering member 14 is hinged to the placement seat and adjusts the photographing angles of the placement seat and the camera to achieve photographing adjustment at different angles. The camera acquires image data of the branches in the mechanically worn area of the plant canopy.

[0056] The steering member is set as an electric steering structure so that the camera can rotate along the hinged position to realize the steering of the camera.

[0057] Among them, the steering member includes a steering operation screen 19, a steering gear 17, a steering rod 18, and a steering drive mechanism. One end of the steering rod 18 is connected to the placement seat. The other end of the steering rod 18 penetrates the placement seat, and a steering gear 17 is nested on the rod body at the end. The steering drive mechanism is arranged on the placement seat and meshes with the steering gear 17.

[0058] Among them, the steering operation screen 19 is connected to the steering drive mechanism in a control manner through wireless transmission, and controls the steering drive mechanism to drive the steering gear 17 to rotate based on the control data of the steering operation screen 19, so as to drive the rotation of the steering rod 18 and the camera.

[0059] In this embodiment, the operator can remotely control the steering of the camera by operating the steering operation screen 19 and controlling the steering drive mechanism to act.

[0060] Furthermore, the data acquisition unit is arranged between two plants in the monitoring area and acquires the images of the plants, the leaf temperature, the leaf infrared spectral characteristics, and the wind speed and direction data of the growth area of the plants.

[0061] Further, the lifting and adjusting unit includes a lifting member, a hammering member, and an auxiliary limiting member. The lifting member adjusts the height of the positions of the photographing unit 3A, the infrared acquisition unit 3B, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit 2. The hammering member hammers the lifting member to stably wedge the lifting member into the detection position, and the auxiliary limiting member performs auxiliary limiting on the lifting member;

[0062] Wherein, the hammering member and the auxiliary limiting member are arranged in the lifting member;

[0063] Further, the lifting member includes a support base 4, a lifting rod 1, a lifting drive mechanism, and a lifting detection member. One end of the lifting rod 1 is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism to form a lifting part, and the lifting part is arranged on the support base 4. The other end of the lifting rod 1 vertically extends away from the support base 4, and the lifting detection member detects the lifting height of the lifting rod 1;

[0064] In this embodiment, the photographing unit 3A, the infrared acquisition unit 3B, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit 2 are arranged on the extended acquisition rod. This acquisition rod is perpendicular to the lifting rod 1 and, under the drive of the lifting drive mechanism, realizes the adjustment of the positions of the photographing unit 3A, the infrared acquisition unit 3B, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit 2, so that the photographing unit 3A, the infrared acquisition unit 3B, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit 2 collect images of plants in the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy, infrared characteristics of branches and leaves (leaf temperature and leaf infrared spectrum), and wind speed and direction data of the growth area where the plant is located;

[0065] The lifting rod 1 is set as a telescopic structure and realizes a telescopic action under the drive of the lifting drive mechanism, so as to realize the adjustment of the lifting height of the lifting rod 1;

[0066] Wherein, a closed loop is formed among the lifting detection member, the lifting rod 1, the lifting drive mechanism, and the central processor. When the lifting detection member detects that the lifting height of the lifting rod 1 does not conform to the set height, the lifting amount collected by the lifting detection member is transmitted to the central processor, and the central processor controls the lifting drive mechanism to control the lifting height of the lifting rod 1, so as to accurately control the lifting height of the lifting rod 1;

[0067] Further, the hammering member includes a hammering rod 10, a hammering nail 9, a vertical rod 12, and a hammering drive mechanism 11. The rod body of the hammering rod 10 is hinged to the vertical rod 12, and the hammering nail 9 and the hammering drive mechanism 11 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical rod 12, and the hammering drive mechanism 11 is connected to one end of the hammering rod 10 to drive the hammering rod 10 to rotate along the hinge position;

[0068] Wherein, the ram member is arranged on the support base 4 and limits the position of the support base 4 so as to wedge into the ground at the detection position;

[0069] The ram member further includes a ram cavity 8 for placing the ram nail 9, and the ram nail 9 is arranged on the ram path of the ram rod 10, so that the ram rod 10 can drive the ram nail 9 into the ground at the monitoring position;

[0070] As Figure 6 shown, the ram driving mechanism 11 drives the ram rod 10 to rotate along the hinge position with the vertical rod 12, so as to realize the ram pressing on the ram nail 9, so that the ram nail 9 can wedge into the ground to stabilize the lifting rod 1 and ensure the stability and reliability of the base of the lifting rod 1;

[0071] In addition, in this embodiment, the ram cavity 8 is arranged on the support base 4 and communicates with the outside, so that the operator can place the ram nail 9 in the ram cavity 8;

[0072] Furthermore, the auxiliary limiting members are symmetrically arranged on the periphery of the support base 4 and perform auxiliary limiting on the periphery of the support base 4;

[0073] Furthermore, the auxiliary limiting member includes a limiting groove 7, a telescopic rod 6, a telescopic driving mechanism, a limiting rod 5, and a limiting driving mechanism. One end of the limiting rod 5 is drivingly connected to the limiting driving mechanism to form a limiting part, and the limiting part is slidably connected to the limiting groove 7. The other end of the limiting rod 5 extends toward the side away from the limiting part. One end of the telescopic rod 6 is drivingly connected to the telescopic driving mechanism to form a telescopic part, and the other end of the telescopic rod 6 is hinged to the rod body of the limiting rod 5 to form a triangular support structure;

[0074] Wherein, the telescopic part is arranged on the side wall of the support base 4;

[0075] During the process that the telescopic driving mechanism drives the telescopic rod 6 to extend, the limiting part slides in the limiting groove 7. At the same time, the limiting driving mechanism also drives the limiting rod 5 to perform telescopic movement, so that the other end of the limiting rod 5 can wedge into the soil at the acquisition position, thereby realizing the stable support of the support base 4;

[0076] Through the mutual cooperation between the limiting part and the telescopic part, the posture of the support base 4 is made more stable, and the acquisition effect and reliability of the shooting unit 3A, the infrared acquisition unit 3B, and the wind speed and wind direction acquisition unit 2 are also improved;

[0077] The canopy superiority and inferiority branch evaluation module obtains the image data of the mechanical wear area and makes a judgment according to the following steps:

[0078] S1. In a windless environment, collect the image data of the mechanical wear area and process the image data of the mechanical wear area. The processing includes noise removal, image enhancement, and binarization processing;

[0079] In this embodiment, noise removal usually uses a Gaussian filter for smoothing processing. Among them, noise removal is a commonly used processing method in image processing technology and is also a well-known technical means for those skilled in the art. Therefore, in this embodiment, it will not be elaborated one by one;

[0080] S2. Process the preprocessed image through the Canny edge detection algorithm to extract the edges of the branches in the plant canopy;

[0081] Among them, the preprocessed (step S1) image is processed through the Canny edge detection algorithm to extract the edges of the branches in the plant canopy. The Canny edge detection algorithm is a commonly used processing method in image processing technology and is also a well-known technical means for those skilled in the art. Therefore, in this embodiment, it will not be elaborated one by one;

[0082] S3. Make a direct judgment through the image. If, in the case of no wind, the edge of a branch leaf area in the canopy protrudes to the edge of another branch leaf area, causing the edge of the other branch leaf area to be concave, presenting a situation of branch mosaic, and there is contact and collision at a set wind speed, then the protruding branch is identified as the superior branch, and the concave branch is identified as the inferior branch.

[0083] Among them, in step S3, the convex hull algorithm is used to determine the overall shape of the branch and calculate the convex hull area of the contour protruding area;

[0084] In this embodiment, the convex hull algorithm is used to calculate the circumscribed convex polygon (convex hull) of the contour of each branch and calculate the area of the convex hull; the convex hull is the smallest convex polygon surrounding the branch contour, and the convex hull area can be calculated by geometric methods; among them, the convex hull is composed of a set of points P1, P2,..., P m constitutes, and the calculation formula for the convex hull area is as follows:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, A hull is the area of the convex hull, (x i ,y i$(x_i, y_i)$ is the coordinate of the $i$-th point in the convex hull point set, and $m$ is the number of vertices forming the convex hull (in an image processing program, functions such as the cv2.convexHull() function in OpenCV can automatically calculate the convex hull and return the point set forming the convex hull, and the length of the point set is $m$, that is, the number of vertices);

[0087] By calculating the minimum distance between the contours of two canopy branches, it is judged whether the branches are in contact; if the edge distance between the two contours is close to zero, it indicates that physical contact may have occurred between the branches;

[0088] Among them, after being processed by step S2, two corresponding contours $C1$ and $C2$ of the two branches are obtained, and the minimum distance can be obtained by calculating the distances between the points on the two contours:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, $d$ min $d(C1, C2)$ is the minimum distance between the two contours, and $(x1, y1)$ and $(x2, y2)$ are the coordinates of any two points on the two contours $C1$ and $C2$ respectively;

[0091] If the minimum distance is close to zero (usually a threshold $\epsilon$ is set, e.g., $\epsilon\approx0$), it is judged that the two branches are in contact;

[0092] If there is significant contact between the edges of the two branches, and the contour of one branch significantly exceeds the canopy edge of another plant, then it is further confirmed that this branch is the dominant branch;

[0093] If it is confirmed that the two branches are in contact by calculating the convex hull area and the minimum distance, then the dominant branch can be judged by the following conditions:

[0094] Condition 1: If the convex hull area $A$ of a certain branch hull is significantly larger than the convex hull area of another branch, then this branch may be the dominant branch;

[0095] Condition 2: If the convex hull of a certain branch has significant contact with the boundary of another branch and the convex hull area is large, then this branch is the dominant branch;

[0096] In this embodiment, if the dominant and inferior branches of the plant canopy cannot be determined for the image data of the mechanical wear area by the above method, the intelligent analysis module is triggered to perform intelligent analysis on the dominant and inferior branches of the mechanical wear area according to the image data, leaf temperature, leaf infrared spectrum characteristics, and wind speed and direction data to form an analysis result;

[0097] Among them, in this embodiment, first, it is determined whether there is mechanical wear between the two canopies, that is, when the branches of the two canopies are photographed in contact and collision at a certain wind speed. If there is no contact and collision, there is no mechanical wear, which is not within the scope of the research of the present invention.

[0098] If there is mechanical wear, three situations will occur:

[0099] (1) Superior and inferior branches have been formed: When there is no wind, the canopy shows obvious protruding branches and sunken branches, that is, the situation of canopy mosaic, but the protruding branches and sunken branches do not contact, and only contact at a certain wind speed. In this way, the superior and inferior branches evaluation module of the canopy can determine the protruding branches as superior branches and the sunken branches as inferior branches according to the image data (such as steps S1 - S3 above).

[0100] (2) Middle stage of the formation of superior and inferior branches: When there is wind, the two branches are in contact, and when there is no wind, they are separated, but there is no obvious protruding and sunken situation, and the superior and inferior branches cannot be distinguished by simple image data.

[0101] (3) Initial stage of the formation of superior and inferior branches: Whether there is wind or not, there is a direct contact situation, and the superior and inferior branches cannot be distinguished.

[0102] In this embodiment, the aforementioned convex hull algorithm is more suitable for the first situation. The other two situations (the second and the third) need to be comprehensively judged by the intelligent analysis module according to the comprehensive data of leaf temperature, leaf infrared spectrum, wind speed and wind direction.

[0103] The intelligent analysis module conducts intelligent analysis on the superior and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area according to the following steps:

[0104] S11. If the superior and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area cannot be directly judged by the image, it is necessary to comprehensively judge and analyze by combining the image, leaf temperature, leaf infrared spectrum characteristics and swing amplitude, obtain the leaf temperature and leaf infrared spectrum characteristics of the two relative branches in the mechanical wear area, and collect the wind speed and wind direction data around the mechanical wear area;

[0105] S12. Obtain the leaf temperature through the infrared acquisition unit:

[0106] Among them, during the set time environmental standard period, the infrared acquisition unit is used to obtain the leaf temperature of the two relative branches in the mechanical wear area of the canopy; in this embodiment, the set time environmental standard is: 9:00 - 11:00 in the morning on a sunny day;

[0107] Specifically, at 9:00 - 11:00 in the morning on a sunny day, the leaf temperature of the two relative branches during contact and collision is measured by an infrared thermal imaging device, and more than 5 groups of data are extracted and the average leaf temperature is calculated;

[0108] The infrared acquisition unit obtains the blade temperature data T of two opposite branches in the mechanical wear area leaf1 、T leaf2 (blade temperature distribution), and the air temperature T air , and calculates the average blade temperature T of the two branches avg1 and T avg2 :

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, T leaf1,i and T leaf2,i are the measured values of the blade temperature of the i-th group, and n1 and n2 are the number of measurements of the two branches;

[0111] S13, blade infrared spectrum data analysis:

[0112] Among them, a near-infrared spectrometer is used to measure the spectral absorption characteristics of the blades in the contact area of two opposite branches at the wavelengths of 1400 nm, 1900 nm, and 1150 nm, and the depth of the water absorption valley is analyzed;

[0113] Specifically, the absorption valley data λ of the blades in the contact area of two opposite branches at different wavelengths leaf1 and λ leaf2 , the number of groups n of spectral absorption data, and the mean square error MSE of the absorption valley data of the blades in the contact area of the two branches at different wavelengths are calculated:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, n is the number of data points, that is, the number of groups of spectral absorption valley data measured at different wavelengths, λ leaf1,i is the depth value of the spectral absorption valley of the blade of branch 1 at the i-th wavelength, λ leaf2,i is the depth value of the spectral absorption valley of the blade of branch 2 at the i-th wavelength, λ leaf1,i -λ leaf2,i is the difference in the depth of the absorption valley between the blades of the two branches at the i-th wavelength, (λ leaf1,i -λ leaf2,i ) 2 is the square of the difference in the depth of the absorption valley between the blades of the two branches at the i-th wavelength;

[0116] The larger the MSE, the greater the difference in the depth of the spectral absorption valley between the blades of the two branches, indicating that their spectral absorption characteristics are significantly different;

[0117] In this embodiment, the difference in the depth of the absorption valley between the blades of the two branches at different wavelengths is evaluated by a t-test;

[0118] Steps of the t-test:

[0119] 1) Calculate the t-value: Using the absorption valley depth data of each branch's leaves at different wavelengths, calculate the mean difference and standard error of the two data sets.

[0120] Among them, the t-test formula is:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula, and are the average absorption valley depths of the leaves of the two branches at a certain wavelength (such as the near-infrared wavelengths 1150 nm, 1400 nm, 1900 nm), s1 2 and s2 2 are the variances of the absorption valley depths of the leaves of the two branches respectively, and n1 and n2 are the number of data points of the two branches respectively, that is, how many absorption valley depth data points are recorded for each branch in this wavelength band;

[0123] Among them, the average absorption valley depths of the leaves of the two branches at this wavelength (such as the near-infrared wavelengths 1150 nm, 1400 nm, 1900 nm) and are calculated according to the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula, is the average absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 1 at a certain wavelength (such as the near-infrared wavelengths 1150 nm, 1400 nm, 1900 nm), is the average absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 2 at the same wavelength, x 1i is the absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 1 at the i-th data point, x 2i is the absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 2 at the i-th data point, and n1 and n2 respectively represent the number of sampling data points of the leaves of branch 1 and branch 2.

[0126] The variances s1 2 and s2 2 of the absorption valley depths of the leaves of the two branches are calculated according to the following formula:

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, s1 2 is the variance of the absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 1 at a certain wavelength (such as the near-infrared wavelengths 1150 nm, 1400 nm, 1900 nm), s2 2 is the variance of the absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 2 at a certain wavelength (such as the near-infrared wavelengths 1150 nm, 1400 nm, 1900 nm), is the average absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 1 at a certain wavelength band, is the average absorption valley depth of the leaves of branch 2 at the same wavelength band, x 1i and x 2i are respectively the i-th absorption valley depth data points of the leaves of branch 1 and branch 2 at this wavelength band.

[0129] In this embodiment, the spectrometer will perform spectral measurements on each wavelength band (such as near-infrared wavelength bands 1150nm, 1400nm, 1900nm).

[0130] Analyze the absorption situation for each wavelength band and calculate the absorption valley depth within a specific wavelength range.

[0131] The spectrometer will generate absorption or reflection spectral curves for each wavelength band, and determine x 1i and x 2i ;

[0132] 2) Calculate the p-value: Calculate the t-value and degrees of freedom, and obtain the p-value using the t-distribution table or calculation tool.

[0133] 3) Judge the significance: If the p-value is less than 0.05, it indicates that there is a significant difference in the absorption valley depth of the leaves of the two branches at this wavelength band; if the p-value is greater than 0.05, it indicates that the difference in the absorption valley depth of the leaves of the two branches at this wavelength band is not obvious;

[0134] S14. Comprehensive judgment and output of analysis results:

[0135] Combined with the picture data, leaf temperature, leaf infrared spectrum, and wind speed and direction information, comprehensively judge the dominant and inferior branches in the canopy;

[0136] Specifically, the judgment process and steps include:

[0137] 1) Leaf temperature judgment:

[0138] Mechanical wear causes the photosynthetic rate of the leaves of the inferior branches to increase, resulting in an increase in plant transpiration, and thus a decrease in the leaf temperature of the plant; while the photosynthetic rate of the leaves of the dominant branches decreases, the plant transpiration weakens, and the leaf temperature of the plant is higher than that of the leaves of the inferior branches;

[0139] If T avg1 >T avg2 , then branch 1 may be initially judged as the dominant branch. If T avg1 <T avg2 , then branch 2 may be initially judged as the dominant branch;

[0140] 2) Spectral absorption characteristics:

[0141] In the wavelength bands of 1400 nm, 1900 nm, and 1150 nm, the higher the intensity of water absorption by the leaves of the plant branches and the deeper the absorption valley, it indicates that the transpiration of the branches and leaves of the plant and the photosynthetic rate of the leaves are enhanced; for the branches and leaves with a shallower absorption valley, that is, the transpiration of the plant and the photosynthetic rate of the leaves are weakened, and less water is utilized.

[0142] If the absorption valley of the leaves of branch 1 in the wavelength bands of 1400 nm, 1900 nm, and 1150 nm is deeper than that of the leaves of branch 2 (with a significant difference), then branch 1 is preliminarily judged to be a disadvantaged branch, and branch 2 is preliminarily judged to be a dominant branch.

[0143] 3) Judgment of the swing amplitude:

[0144] Calculate the swing amplitudes A branch1 and A branch2 ;

[0145] The swing amplitude of the branch is calculated according to the following formula:

[0146]

[0147] In the formula, A branch1 and A branch2 are the swing amplitudes of branch 1 and branch 2, k elastic1 and k elastic2 are the elastic coefficients of the two branches (related to the tree species and branch characteristics), and V wind is the wind speed;

[0148] In this embodiment, the elastic coefficients k of several common tree species are provided elastic Examples are as follows:

[0149] 1) Soft tree species (such as willow): k elastic ≈1 - 10;

[0150] 2) Medium-hard tree species (such as pine and cypress): k elastic ≈10 - 100;

[0151] 3) Hard tree species (such as oak and maple): k elastic ≈100 - 300;

[0152] Due to the loss of biomass and the like caused by the disadvantaged branches resisting mechanical wear, the branches tend to grow slender, and at a higher wind speed, the swing amplitude is higher.

[0153] If the leaf temperature of the branch is higher, the spectral absorption valley is shallower, and the swing amplitude is lower, then the branch is judged to be a dominant branch;

[0154] If the leaf temperature of the branch is lower, the spectral absorption valley is deeper, and the swing amplitude is higher, then the branch is judged to be a disadvantaged branch.

[0155] Furthermore, the decision-making interaction module includes a decision-making unit and an interaction unit. The decision-making unit makes a decision on the plant canopy based on the analysis results of leaf temperature, leaf infrared spectrum absorption characteristics, and swing amplitude to form a decision result, and the interaction unit interactively prompts the decision result to the manager; the decision-making unit makes a decision according to the following steps:

[0156] S100. Judgment of leaf temperature:

[0157] Temperature is usually the most intuitive judgment index because temperature usually reflects the photosynthesis of branches and the transpiration level of plants;

[0158] Temperature comparison:

[0159] If T avg1 >T avg2 , then it is preliminarily judged that branch 1 is the dominant branch;

[0160] If T avg2 >T avg1 , then it is preliminarily judged that branch 2 is the dominant branch;

[0161] And it needs to be further judged by the depth of the spectral absorption valley, then enter step S101,

[0162] S101. Judgment of the depth of the spectral absorption valley:

[0163] The depth of the spectral absorption valley (especially in the near-infrared bands of 1400 nm, 1900 nm, and 1150 nm) reflects the water absorption of the branch leaves; the branch leaves with a shallower absorption valley have less water content and are often the dominant branches;

[0164] Comparison of the depth of the spectral absorption valley:

[0165] If λ leaf1 <λ leaf2 , then it is preliminarily judged that branch 1 is the dominant branch;

[0166] If λ leaf2 <λ leaf1 , then it is preliminarily judged that branch 2 is the dominant branch;

[0167] And it needs to be further judged by the swing amplitude of the branch, enter step S102;

[0168] S102. Judgment of the swing amplitude:

[0169] The swing amplitude reflects the mechanical wear of the branch through the interaction of wind speed and branch characteristics; the branch with a lower swing amplitude is usually less mechanically worn;

[0170] Comparison of the swing amplitude:

[0171] If A branch1 <A branch2 , it is preliminarily determined that branch 1 is the dominant branch;

[0172] If A branch2 <A branch1 , it is preliminarily determined that branch 2 is the dominant branch;

[0173] In this embodiment, it is necessary to simultaneously meet the above conditions of leaf temperature, leaf infrared spectral characteristics, and swing amplitude to judge the dominant and inferior branches. That is: if the leaf temperature of the branch is relatively high, the spectral absorption valley is relatively shallow, and the swing amplitude is relatively low, then it is determined that the branch is the dominant branch; if the leaf temperature of the branch is relatively low, the spectral absorption valley is relatively deep, and the swing amplitude is relatively high, then it is determined that the branch is the inferior branch.

[0174] Among them, the interaction unit includes a communicator and a secondary display screen 20. The communicator is used for communicating with the decision-making unit and obtaining the decision result, and the secondary display screen 20 displays the decision result;

[0175] In addition, the communicator transmits the result of the decision-making unit to the secondary display screen 20 for display through wired or wireless transmission. This is a conventional means and is well-known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be elaborated one by one in this embodiment;

[0176] Such as Figure 5 shown, the secondary display screen 20 is arranged on one side of the steering operation screen 19 and is convenient for the operator to view;

[0177] Through the mutual cooperation of the decision-making interaction module and the intelligent analysis module, the judgment of the dominant and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area of the plant canopy can be more accurate, ensuring that the entire system has the advantages of high interaction comfort, strong interaction reminder ability, high intelligence level, strong environmental factor monitoring and analysis ability, and high canopy monitoring ability.

[0178] Embodiment 2: This embodiment should be understood as including at least all the features of any one of the foregoing embodiments, and further improved on this basis. According to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, it is also that the data acquisition module further includes a posture acquisition unit and a posture evaluation unit. The posture acquisition unit acquires the posture data of the lifting and adjusting unit. The posture evaluation unit evaluates the posture of the lifting and adjusting unit based on the posture data acquired by the posture acquisition unit to form an evaluation result, and triggers the lifting and adjusting unit to adjust its own posture to stabilize the postures of the shooting unit, the infrared acquisition unit, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit provided thereon.

[0179] Among them, the posture acquisition unit is provided on the lifting and adjusting unit. Specifically, the posture acquisition unit is provided on the lifting rod.

[0180] The posture acquisition unit includes an inclination sensor, an accelerometer, and a data memory. The inclination sensor is provided on the lifting rod. The accelerometer measures the acceleration components of the gravitational acceleration on three spatial axes (usually the X, Y, and Z axes), which can be used to determine the inclination angle of the device relative to the ground. The data memory stores the inclination data acquired by the inclination sensor and the acceleration components of the gravitational acceleration on three spatial axes (usually the X, Y, and Z axes).

[0181] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the east-west direction is taken as the X axis, the north-south direction is taken as the Y axis, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the ground upward, which is often referred to as the height axis.

[0182] The posture evaluation unit obtains the inclination data acquired by the posture acquisition unit and calculates the inclination evaluation index Angle according to the following formula:

[0183]

[0184] In the formula, sin(θ t ) is the sine value of the current angle, and its value is directly measured by the inclination sensor and is used to evaluate the current inclination degree. ω represents the change speed of the inclination angle and provides information on the dynamic change of the inclination. Its value is calculated according to the following formula:

[0185] ω = θ t - θ t-1 ;

[0186] In the formula, θ t and θ t-1 are respectively the inclination angle values of two consecutive measurements collected by the inclination sensor.

[0187] When the inclination evaluation index Angle exceeds the safety threshold saft set by the system, the auxiliary limit member is triggered to adjust the angle of the lifting rod.

[0188] When the inclination evaluation index Angle is lower than the safety threshold saft set by the system, it indicates that the angle of the lifting rod is within the safe range, and continuous monitoring can be carried out without adjustment.

[0189] Among them, the safety threshold saft set by the system is set by the system or the administrator according to the actual situation, which is a well-known technical means in the art. Those skilled in the art can query relevant technical manuals to obtain this technology, so it will not be elaborated one by one in this embodiment.

[0190] The posture evaluation unit obtains the inclination evaluation index Angle and the safety threshold saft set by the system, and the adjustment amount is calculated according to the following formula:

[0191]

[0192] In the formula, W x is the adjustment distance in the east-west direction in the established coordinate system, and W y is the adjustment distance in the north-south direction in the established coordinate system. β is the azimuth angle of inclination, which is used to determine the specific direction of inclination, so as to accurately control the direction of the adjustment action; its value is calculated according to the following formula:

[0193]

[0194] In the formula, Y and X are the acceleration components along the Y-axis and X-axis respectively, and their values are directly measured by the accelerometer.

[0195] When the posture evaluation unit determines the specific adjustment distance W in the east-west direction x and the adjustment distance W in the north-south direction y the specific adjustment amount will be transmitted to the telescopic part in the corresponding direction, so that the posture in the corresponding direction can be adjusted, improving the stability and reliability of the entire lifting rod.

[0196] In this embodiment, through the mutual cooperation of the posture acquisition unit, the posture evaluation unit, and the lifting adjustment unit, the posture of the lifting rod can be made more stable, and the entire acquisition process is also more accurate, ensuring that the entire system has the advantages of good monitoring effect, strong monitoring ability, high intelligence, and wide application range of the monitoring method.

[0197] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring mechanical wear of plant canopies, the system comprising a server, characterized in that: The plant canopy mechanical wear monitoring system includes a data acquisition module, a canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module, an intelligent analysis module and a decision interaction module, and the server is connected to the data acquisition module, the canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module and the decision interaction module respectively; The data acquisition module is used to collect image data of the mechanical wear area of ​​the plant canopy, infrared characteristics of the mutual contact position, and wind speed and wind direction data of the growth area where the plant is located. The canopy superior and inferior branch evaluation module analyzes the image data of the mechanical wear area to determine the dominant branches and inferior branches of the plant canopy. If the dominant branches and inferior branches of the plant canopy cannot be determined by the image data of the mechanical wear area, the intelligent analysis module is triggered to perform intelligent analysis on the branches in the mechanical wear area according to the image data, infrared characteristics of the leaves, wind speed data, and wind direction data to form an analysis result. The decision interaction module makes a decision on the plant canopy according to the analysis result to form a decision result, and interactively prompts the manager with the decision result; The data acquisition module includes a lifting adjustment unit, a shooting unit, an infrared acquisition unit, and a wind speed and direction acquisition unit. The lifting adjustment unit adjusts the positions of the shooting unit, the infrared acquisition unit, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit. The shooting unit collects image data of branches in the mechanical wear zone of the plant canopy. The infrared acquisition unit collects infrared features of branches and leaves in the mechanical wear zone of the plant canopy. The wind speed and direction acquisition unit collects wind speed and direction data of the growth zone where the plant is located. The canopy superior and inferior branch assessment module obtains the image data of the mechanical wear area and makes a judgment according to the following steps: S1. Processing the image data of the mechanical wear area, wherein the processing includes noise removal, image enhancement and binarization processing; and collecting wind speed and wind direction data around the mechanical wear area; S2, processing the preprocessed image by using the Canny edge detection algorithm to extract the edges of the branch and leaf areas in the plant canopy; S3. Directly judge through the image: if the edge of a branch leaf area protrudes to the edge of another branch leaf area, causing the edge of the other branch leaf area to be recessed, presenting a situation of branches being inlaid, and contacting and colliding under the set wind speed, the protruding branch is identified as the dominant branch, and the recessed branch is identified as the inferior branch; The decision interaction module includes a decision unit and an interaction unit. The decision unit makes a decision on the plant canopy according to the analysis result to form a decision result. The interaction unit interactively prompts the manager with the decision result. The interactive unit includes a communicator and a display sub-screen, wherein the communicator is used to communicate with the decision-making unit and obtain the decision result, and the display sub-screen displays the decision result; the intelligent analysis module performs intelligent analysis on the dominant branches and the inferior branches of the mechanical wear area according to the following steps: S11. If the dominant branches and inferior branches in the mechanical wear area cannot be directly determined by the image, a comprehensive judgment and analysis is required in combination with the image, leaf temperature and leaf infrared spectrum characteristics. The picture of the canopy mechanical wear area is taken, and the minimum distance between the contours of two canopy branches is calculated to determine whether the branches are in contact. If the edge distance of the two contours is close to zero, or the two canopy branches are in direct contact, the overall shape of the branch is determined by the convex hull algorithm and the contour range of the contact is calculated; S12, acquiring leaf temperatures and leaf infrared spectrum data of two contacting branches of the branch profile in the mechanical wear area through an infrared acquisition unit; Among them, a near-infrared spectrometer was used to measure the spectral absorption characteristics of the leaves of two contacting branches at 1400nm, 1900nm and 1150nm, and the depth of the water absorption valley was analyzed; S13, calculating the swing amplitudes Abranch1 and Abranch2 of branch 1 and branch 2 in the mechanical wear area using the wind speed; S14. Compare whether there are significant differences in the leaf temperature of the two contacting branches, the depth of the strong absorption valleys of leaf moisture at 1400nm and 1900nm and the weak absorption valley at 1150nm in the near-infrared spectrum, and the branch swing amplitude; if the branch leaf temperature is lower, the strong absorption valleys at 1400nm and 1900nm and the weak absorption valley at 1150nm are stronger, and the branch swing amplitude is higher, it is the inferior branch, otherwise it is the dominant branch.

2. The system for monitoring plant canopy mechanical wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting adjustment unit includes a lifting component, a hammer component and an auxiliary limiting component. The lifting component adjusts the height of the shooting unit, the infrared acquisition unit, and the wind speed and direction acquisition unit. The hammer component hammers the lifting component to make the lifting component stably wedge into the detection position. The auxiliary limiting component performs auxiliary limiting on the lifting component. Wherein, the hammer component and the auxiliary limiting component are arranged in the lifting component.

3. The system for monitoring plant canopy mechanical wear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting component includes a support seat, a lifting rod, a lifting drive mechanism, and a lifting detection component. One end of the lifting rod is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism to form a lifting part. The lifting part is arranged on the support seat. The other end of the lifting rod extends vertically toward a side away from the support seat. The lifting detection component detects the lifting height of the lifting rod.

4. The system for monitoring plant canopy mechanical wear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hammer component includes a hammer rod, a hammer nail, a vertical rod and a hammer driving mechanism. The rod body of the hammer rod is hinged to the vertical rod. The hammer nail and the hammer driving mechanism are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical rod. The hammer driving mechanism is connected to one end of the hammer rod to drive the hammer rod to rotate along the hinged position.

5. The system for monitoring plant canopy mechanical wear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary limiting components are symmetrically arranged on the peripheral side of the support seat, and perform auxiliary limiting on the peripheral side of the support seat.

6. The system for monitoring plant canopy mechanical wear according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary limiting component comprises a limiting groove, a telescopic rod, a telescopic driving mechanism, a limiting rod, and a limiting driving mechanism, one end of the limiting rod is drivingly connected to the limiting driving mechanism to form a limiting portion, the limiting portion is slidably connected to the limiting groove, the other end of the limiting rod extends toward a side away from the limiting portion, one end of the telescopic rod is drivingly connected to the telescopic driving mechanism to form a telescopic portion, and the other end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the rod body of the limiting rod to form a triangular support structure; Wherein, the telescopic portion is arranged on the side wall of the support seat.

7. The system for monitoring plant canopy mechanical wear according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is arranged between two plants in the monitoring area, and collects images of the mechanical wear area of ​​the plant canopy, leaf temperature, leaf infrared characteristics, and wind speed data and wind direction data of the growth area where the plants are located.

Images