Molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance and its preparation method, belong to sound insulation material technical field.First, select the molecular sieve with suitable aperture to carry out chemical modification, epoxy coupling agent is adsorbed into the pore of molecular sieve, then with the amino class outside the hole grafting, form the surface active group for amino, internal have a large number of complex molecular sieve-epoxy coupling agent interface molecular sieve.Then it is added to the A component of synthetic polyurethane, finally with B component mixed solidification, control AB component ratio, finally obtain a kind of R value is 1.13~1.18 molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance.By adsorption and grafting two kinds of effects are modified to molecular sieve, effectively improve the compatibility between polyurethane and molecular sieve, and there is a large number of molecular sieve-polyurethane and molecular sieve-epoxy coupling agent interface inside, can effectively reduce the propagation of sound while improving mechanical properties, improve the comprehensive performance of molecular sieve polyurethane composite material.

Description

A molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance and its preparation method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance and its preparation method, belonging to the field of sound insulation material technology. Background Technology

[0002] Noise pollution, a byproduct of technological development, has become a major environmental pollution problem that urgently needs to be addressed in contemporary society. To effectively address this challenge, vibration damping and noise reduction materials have attracted considerable attention. These materials, with their unique viscoelastic properties, can effectively weaken sound energy. When subjected to excitation forces, they convert vibration energy into heat energy through vibration hysteresis loss effects caused by internal molecular friction, thereby achieving noise reduction. Polyurethane is a common vibration damping and noise reduction material. Benefiting from its unique microphase separation structure and internal hydrogen bonding, polyurethane possesses excellent wear resistance, thermal stability, elasticity, damping, and good biocompatibility, thus finding wide application in many fields such as foams, plastics, coatings, adhesives, and damping pads.

[0003] Adding inorganic fillers to polyurethane can improve its overall performance. Molecular sieves, cage-like materials composed of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedra, possess a porous structure that facilitates sound energy dissipation. When combined with polyurethane, they provide numerous polyurethane-molecular sieve interfaces, dissipating significant amounts of sound energy at these interfaces. They also act as fillers to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite material. However, molecular sieves are prone to agglomeration and are difficult to disperse uniformly in polyurethane. Modifying molecular sieves can effectively reduce surface energy and improve dispersibility. Currently, methods for modifying molecular sieves are limited to surface coating modification and ion coordination modification, failing to fully utilize the advantages of their porous structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance and its preparation method. First, a molecular sieve with a suitable pore size is selected and chemically modified. An epoxy coupling agent is adsorbed into the pores of the molecular sieve, and then amino groups are grafted onto the outside of the pores to form a molecular sieve with amino surface-active groups and numerous complex molecular sieve-epoxy coupling agent interfaces. This is then added to component A of the synthesized polyurethane, and finally mixed and cured with component B. By controlling the ratio of components A and B, a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance and an R value of 1.13–1.18 is obtained. Through the combined effects of adsorption and grafting, the molecular sieve is modified, effectively improving the compatibility between polyurethane and the molecular sieve. Furthermore, the presence of numerous molecular sieve-polyurethane and molecular sieve-epoxy coupling agent interfaces improves mechanical properties while effectively reducing sound propagation, thus enhancing the overall performance of the molecular sieve polyurethane composite material.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows.

[0006] A molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance, wherein the composite material is a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with a tensile strength greater than or equal to 60 MPa and a sound insulation amount greater than or equal to 42.5 dB obtained by curing and molding component A and component B.

[0007] Component A is composed of modified molecular sieve, polydiol, polyether triol (330N), chain extender and defoamer; based on 100 parts of the total mass of raw materials used to prepare component A, the components and their mass percentages of each raw material are as follows: polydiol 30.9%–32.5%, polyether triol (330N) 57.9%–59.1%, chain extender 7.2%–8.8%, defoamer 1.9%–2.5%, modified molecular sieve 0.4%–1.2%;

[0008] The B component is a -NCO-terminated prepolymer formed by the reaction of diisocyanate and polydiol; based on a total mass of 100 parts of raw materials for preparing the B component, the components and their mass percentages of each raw material are as follows: diisocyanate 45%–52%, polydiol 48%–55%.

[0009] The modified molecular sieve has an epoxy coupling agent adsorbed inside its pores and an amino polymer grafted onto the outside of the pores; the mass ratio of the epoxy coupling agent to the amino polymer is 1:4 to 5, and the total mass of the epoxy coupling agent and the amino polymer is 10% to 14% of the mass of the molecular sieve; the pore size of the molecular sieve is 0.8 to 1.5 nm.

[0010] The active -H in component A (the sum of active -H in polyol -OH and active -H in chain extender) reacts quantitatively with the -NCO group in component B (the -NCO remaining after the reaction of diisocyanate and polydiol), and the molar ratio between active -H and -NCO groups is 1:1.13 to 1.18.

[0011] Preferably, the polydiol is one or more of polypropylene glycol (PPG), polybutylene glycol (PTMEG), and polyethylene glycol (PEG). More preferably, the molecular weight of the polydiol is 1800 to 2050.

[0012] Preferably, the molecular weight of the 330N is 2740 to 6349.

[0013] Preferably, in component A, the chain extender is one or more of 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-propanediol, and ethylene glycol.

[0014] Preferably, in component A, the defoamer is defoamer of model X-313 produced by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0015] Preferably, in component B, the diisocyanate is one or more of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), toluene diisocyanate (HDI), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI).

[0016] Preferably, in component B, the reaction temperature of diisocyanate with polydiol is 80-85°C, and the reaction time is 4-5 hours.

[0017] Preferably, the modified molecular sieve is one or more of the following: 3A type molecular sieve, 13X type molecular sieve, 10X type molecular sieve, and Y type molecular sieve.

[0018] Preferably, in the modified molecular sieve, the epoxy coupling agent is p-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-N,N-bis(2,3-epoxypropyl)aniline (E3), γ-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or 3-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-trimethoxysilane.

[0019] Preferably, in the modified molecular sieve, the amino polymer is polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyetherimide, or polydopamine.

[0020] Preferably, the modified molecular sieve is prepared by the following method: an epoxy coupling agent and an amino polymer are dissolved in an organic solvent, mixed evenly, and then a molecular sieve with water of crystallization removed is added and dispersed evenly. The organic solvent is then evaporated at 45-50°C and 50-60 kPa, and then a crosslinking reaction is carried out at 105-110°C for 45-50 min to obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0021] A method for preparing the molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0022] Mix and stir components A and B for 20-25 seconds, degas under vacuum for 2-4 minutes, pour into a mold, first cure at 70-80℃ for 2-3 hours, then cure at room temperature for 5-7 days to obtain a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] The improved sound insulation performance of traditional molecular sieve polyurethane composites is due to the fact that some of the polyurethane soft segments enter the pores of the molecular sieve, forming numerous molecular sieve-polyurethane interfaces. Sound waves are dissipated through significant reflection and refraction at these interfaces, thus significantly improving the sound insulation performance of the composite. However, the limited compatibility between the molecular sieve and polyurethane leads to a decrease in the elongation at break of the composite. This invention provides a molecular sieve polyurethane composite with excellent sound insulation performance, utilizing the strong adsorption capacity and surface activity of the molecular sieve to modify it. An epoxy coupling agent enters the pores of the molecular sieve through physical adsorption, forming numerous molecular sieve-modifier interfaces with the complex pore structure of the molecular sieve. The amino groups of the amino polymer undergo a grafting reaction with the epoxy coupling agent, changing the molecular sieve from silanol-terminated to more reactive amino-terminated. This utilizes the complex pore structure of the molecular sieve, improving the compatibility between the polyurethane and the molecular sieve while retaining the original large number of inorganic interfaces.

[0025] This invention provides a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance. The dispersion and compatibility of the molecular sieve in the polyurethane matrix are significantly improved. On the one hand, the end groups of the molecular sieve graft are highly active amino groups, which can form hydrogen bonds with the polyurethane matrix. On the other hand, the amino groups in the molecular sieve will react chemically with the matrix. The combined effect of the two reduces the incompatibility between the molecular sieve and the polyurethane matrix.

[0026] This invention provides a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance. There are a large number of molecular sieve-epoxy coupling agent interfaces inside the molecular sieve and molecular sieve-polyurethane interfaces on the surface of the molecular sieve. Sound waves are dissipated by a large amount of reflection and refraction at the interfaces, thus significantly improving the sound insulation performance of the composite material.

[0027] This invention provides a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance. The preparation method of the molecular sieve polyurethane composite material is simple, the conditions are easy to control, and it is easy to realize automated production. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 shows the sound insulation curves of the materials described in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0029] Figure 2 shows the tensile curves of the composite materials described in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5.

[0030] Figure 3 shows the sound insulation curves of the materials described in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4.

[0031] Figure 4 shows the tensile curves of the composite materials described in Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0033] In the following examples or comparative examples, the water content of the polyols is less than or equal to 500 ppm.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] In this embodiment, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 2000, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1nm.

[0036] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of E3 and 0.4g of PEI in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 13X molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, use a rotary evaporator to evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa at 15 rpm, and then put it in a 105℃ oven for crosslinking reaction for 45min, and finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0037] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 produced by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0038] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0039] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.15 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure the mixture at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.15.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] In this embodiment, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 1800, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1 nm.

[0042] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of E3 and 0.4g of PEI in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 13X molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, use a rotary evaporator to evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa at 15 rpm, and then put it in a 105℃ oven for crosslinking reaction for 45min, and finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0043] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 produced by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0044] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0045] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.13 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure it at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.13.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] In this embodiment, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 1950, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1 nm.

[0048] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of E3 and 0.4g of PEI in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 13X molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, use a rotary evaporator to evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa at 15 rpm, and then put it in a 105℃ oven for crosslinking reaction for 45min, and finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0049] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 produced by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0050] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0051] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.17 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure it at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.17.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] In this embodiment, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 2050, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1 nm.

[0054] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of E3 and 0.4g of PEI in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 13X molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, use a rotary evaporator to evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa at 15 rpm, and then put it in a 105℃ oven for crosslinking reaction for 45min, and finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0055] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 produced by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0056] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0057] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.18 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure the mixture at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.18.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] In this comparative example, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 2000, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 3A with a pore size of 0.3 nm.

[0060] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of E3 and 0.4g of PEI in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 3A molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa using a rotary evaporator at 15 rpm, and then place in a 105℃ oven for crosslinking reaction for 45min to finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0061] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 3A molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 from Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0062] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0063] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.15 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure it at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-3A-E3-PEI-1.15.

[0064] Comparative Example 2

[0065] In this comparative example, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 2050, and the molecular weight of 330N is 4950.

[0066] (1) Mix 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 from Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0067] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0068] (3) Mix components A and B according to the molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.15 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove bubbles. Then pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure it at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-1.15.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] In this comparative example, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 2050, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1 nm.

[0071] (1) Mix 0.5 parts of unmodified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 from Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0072] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0073] (3) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.15 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Next, pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in a 70 ℃ oven for 2 h. Finally, cure the mixture at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-1.15.

[0074] Comparative Example 4

[0075] In this comparative example, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 1800, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1 nm.

[0076] (1) Dissolve 0.1g of E3 in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 13X molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, use a rotary evaporator to evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa at 15 rpm, and then put it in an oven at 105℃ for 45min to finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0077] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 from Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0078] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0079] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of -OH groups in component A to -NCO groups in component B of 1:1.15 and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Next, pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in a 70 ℃ oven for 2 h. Finally, cure the mixture at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-E3-1.15.

[0080] Comparative Example 5

[0081] In this comparative example, the molecular weight of polybutanediol (PTMEG) is 1800, the molecular weight of 330N is 4950, and the molecular sieve used is 13X with a pore size of 1 nm.

[0082] (1) Dissolve 0.4g of PEI in 25g of methanol, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, add 3g of 13X molecular sieve, stir for 10min, sonicate for 10min, use a rotary evaporator to evaporate to dryness at 45℃ and 60KPa at 15 rpm, and then put it in an oven at 105℃ for 45min to finally obtain the modified molecular sieve.

[0083] (2) Mix 0.5 parts of modified 13X molecular sieve, 44.4 parts of dehydrated PTMEG, 41.7 parts of dehydrated 330N, 11.1 parts of dehydrated BDO and 2.8 parts of defoamer (defoamer of model X-313 produced by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd.) to obtain component A.

[0084] (3) Mix 48 parts of dehydrated PTMEG and 52 parts of MDI and react at 85°C for 4 hours to obtain component B.

[0085] (4) Mix components A and B at a molar ratio of 1:1.15 for -OH groups in component A and -NCO groups in component B and stir at 1700 rpm for 20 s. Then, place the mixture under vacuum conditions of ≤0.09 MPa for 3 min to remove air bubbles. Pour the mixture into a mold preheated to 70 ℃ and cure it in an oven at 70 ℃ for 2 h. Finally, cure it at room temperature for 7 days to obtain a polyurethane elastomer, denoted as PU-13X-PEI-1.15.

[0086] The mechanical properties of each embodiment and comparative example were tested according to GB / T 1040.2-2022. The sound insulation performance of the polyurethane composite material was tested using a four-sensor impedance tube (SW4221, Beijing Shengwang Acoustic & Electrical Technology Co., Ltd., China), with a test range of 50–7000 Hz. Based on the mechanical and sound insulation properties of the molecular sieve polyurethane composite materials prepared in Examples 1–4, it can be seen that PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.15 has a tensile strength as high as 65.28 MPa, an elongation at break of 1519.34%, and the highest sound insulation performance. The PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.13 composite material boasts a tensile strength of up to 42.01 MPa, an elongation at break of 1176.14%, and a maximum sound insulation of 41 dB. PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.17 exhibits a tensile strength of up to 62.14 MPa, an elongation at break of 1483.78%, and a maximum sound insulation of 41 dB. PU-13X-E3-PEI-1.18 possesses a tensile strength of up to 47.05 MPa, an elongation at break of 1334.35%, and a maximum sound insulation of 40 dB. The 3A molecular sieve polyurethane composite material has a tensile strength of 12.84 MPa, an elongation at break of 1286.55%, and a sound insulation of 36.8 dB. Compared to the 3A molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with unsuitable pore size, the 13X molecular sieve polyurethane composite material demonstrates superior overall performance. In Comparative Example 2, the polyurethane matrix with an R value of 1.15 has a tensile strength of 23.61 MPa, an elongation at break of 1506.55%, and a sound insulation of 35.6 dB. In Comparative Example 3, PU-13X-1.15 has a tensile strength of 9.82 MPa, an elongation at break of 784.54%, and a sound insulation of 42.31 dB. In Comparative Example 4, PU-13X-E3-1.15 has a tensile strength of 13.98 MPa, an elongation at break of 1566.55%, and a sound insulation of 39.53 dB. In Comparative Example 5, PU-13X-PEI-1.15 has a tensile strength of 12.56 MPa, an elongation at break of 1450.88%, and a sound insulation of 39.23 dB. Compared to molecular sieve polyurethane composites modified only by epoxy coupling agents or only by amino polymers, molecular sieve polyurethane composites modified by synergistic modification of epoxy coupling agents and amino compounds exhibit the best performance.

[0087] In summary, the invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments. Any equivalent substitutions or partial improvements made under the spirit and principles of this invention shall be considered to be within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance, characterized in that: The composite material is a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with a tensile strength greater than or equal to 60 MPa and a sound insulation value greater than or equal to 42.5 dB, obtained by curing and molding components A and B. Component A is a mixture of modified molecular sieve, polybutanediol, 330N, chain extender 1,4-butanediol, and defoamer. The components and their mass fractions are as follows: 44.4 parts polybutanediol, 330N... 41.7 parts, chain extender 1,4-butanediol 11.1 parts, defoamer 2.8 parts, modified molecular sieve 0.5 parts; Component B is a -NCO-terminated prepolymer formed by the reaction of diisocyanate and polydiol; based on a total mass of 100 parts of raw materials for preparing Component B, the components and their mass fractions are as follows: diisocyanate 45-52 parts, polydiol 48-55 parts; the modified molecular sieve has epoxy coupling agent adsorbed in its pores and amino polymer grafted onto its outer surface; the mass ratio of epoxy coupling agent to amino polymer is 1:4-5, and the total mass of epoxy coupling agent and amino polymer is 1 / 3 of the molecular sieve mass. 10%~14%; the pore size of the molecular sieve is 0.8~1.5nm; the modified molecular sieve is prepared by the following method: the epoxy coupling agent and the amino polymer are dissolved in an organic solvent, mixed evenly, and then the molecular sieve with the water of crystallization removed is added and dispersed evenly. The organic solvent is then evaporated at 45~50℃ and 50~60KPa, and then crosslinked at 105~110℃ for 45~50min to obtain the modified molecular sieve; the active -H contained in component A and the -NCO group contained in component B undergo a quantitative reaction, and the molar ratio between the active -H and -NCO groups is 1:1.13~1.

18.

2. The molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the polybutanediol is 1800~2050; the molecular weight of the 330N is 2740~6349.

3. The molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In component A, the defoamer is model X, manufactured by Guangzhou Detian New Materials Co., Ltd. 313 defoamer.

4. The molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In component B, the diisocyanate is one or more of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.

5. The molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In component B, the reaction temperature of diisocyanate with polydiol is 80~85℃, and the reaction time is 4~5h.

6. The molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The modified molecular sieve is one or more of 13X type molecular sieve, 10X type molecular sieve, and Y type molecular sieve; the epoxy coupling agent is p-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-N,N-bis(2,3-epoxypropyl)aniline, γ-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, or 3-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-trimethoxysilane; and the amino polymer is polyethyleneimine, polyetherimide, or polydopamine.

7. A method for preparing a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method includes: mixing and stirring component A and component B for 20-25 seconds, vacuum degassing for 2-4 minutes, pouring into a mold, first curing at 70-80℃ for 2-3 hours, and then curing at room temperature for 5-7 days to obtain a molecular sieve polyurethane composite material with excellent sound insulation performance.

Images