Photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device and testing method

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of error testing, and particularly relates to a photoelectric shafting centering error testing device and testing method. The device comprises a U-shaped frame, a first trunnion, a second trunnion, a driver, a carrier, a shaking measurement unit, two adjusting units and two groups of position sensors; the two adjusting units are respectively installed at the shaft holes of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame, and the adjusting ends thereof are respectively connected with the outer circumferential surfaces of the first trunnion and the second trunnion through a bearing to be tested; the lower side of the carrier is used for placing a simulated load. The application can simulate the deformation, pointing accuracy, motion accuracy and structural dynamic characteristics of the first trunnion and the second trunnion under different bearing combinations and different mode loads by replacing and installing different types of bearings, different sizes of left and right bearing seats and different masses of simulated loads, so as to realize accurate testing of the photoelectric shafting centering error.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an error testing device and method, and in particular to a photoelectric shafting centering error testing device and method. Background Art

[0002] The optoelectronic axis system is an important component of the optoelectronic tracking and aiming equipment. Its task is to control the direction of the optical axis of the optoelectronic sensor. The design of the optoelectronic axis system needs to ensure high angular measurement accuracy and motion accuracy.

[0003] Due to factors such as processing, assembly, and gravity deformation, optoelectronic shafting inevitably experiences misalignment. This misalignment can affect the pointing accuracy, motion accuracy, and structural dynamic characteristics of optoelectronic tracking and aiming equipment. Therefore, prior to actual assembly, it is typically necessary to perform a misalignment test on the optoelectronic shafting to ensure that the misalignment during assembly is within a preset range.

[0004] However, no testing device for the optoelectronic shaft system in optoelectronic tracking and aiming equipment has been found. Therefore, it is necessary to design an optoelectronic shaft system alignment error testing device to realize the alignment error test of the optoelectronic shaft system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problem that the existing optoelectronic shaft system is easily misaligned during actual assembly due to factors such as processing and assembly and gravity deformation, thereby affecting the pointing accuracy, movement accuracy and structural dynamic characteristics of the optoelectronic tracking and aiming equipment, and to provide an optoelectronic shaft system centering error testing device and a testing method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A photoelectric shaft alignment error test device is mainly used to test the influence of bearings on the photoelectric shaft alignment error. Its special features are:

[0008] It includes a U-shaped frame, a first trunnion, a second trunnion, a driver, a carrier, a shake measurement unit, two adjustment units and two sets of position sensors;

[0009] The U-shaped frame includes a horizontal plate and two vertical plates respectively provided at both ends of the horizontal plate, the horizontal plate being mounted on an external turntable, and the two vertical plates having axial holes provided opposite to each other; the first trunnion and the second trunnion respectively pass axially through the axial holes of the two vertical plates in the U-shaped frame, and the outer diameters of the first trunnion and the second trunnion are smaller than the diameters of the axial holes;

[0010] Two adjusting units are respectively arranged in the shaft holes of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame, and the adjusting ends of the two adjusting units are respectively connected with the outer circumferential surfaces of the first and second trunnions through a bearing to be tested, so as to adjust the relative positions between the first and second trunnions and the U-shaped frame.

[0011] The lower side of the carrier is used for arranging a simulated load, and the two ends of the simulated load are respectively connected with the first and second trunnions; and the driver is arranged on the adjusting end of the adjusting unit corresponding to the first trunnion, and the driving end of the driver is connected with the outer circumferential surface of the first trunnion, so as to drive the first trunnion to rotate.

[0012] The number of the position sensors in each group is multiple, and the two groups of position sensors are respectively arranged on the sides of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame, and the detection ends of the multiple position sensors in the two groups are circumferentially arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the first and second trunnions, so as to detect the relative positions between the first and second trunnions and the U-shaped frame.

[0013] The first measuring end of the swing measuring unit is arranged on the outer end of the second trunnion, and the second measuring end is arranged on one side of the U-shaped frame, so as to measure the radial swing data of the second trunnion.

[0014] Further, the adjusting unit comprises an adjusting sleeve and multiple adjusting bolts.

[0015] The adjusting sleeve is arranged in the shaft hole of the vertical plate of the U-shaped frame, and the outer diameter of the adjusting sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the shaft hole, and the inner diameter of the adjusting sleeve is larger than the outer diameters of the first and second trunnions.

[0016] The adjusting sleeve is the adjusting end of the adjusting unit, and is arranged on the circumferential surface of the first or second trunnion, and the outer ring of the bearing to be tested is connected with the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve, and the inner ring is connected with the circumferential surface of the first or second trunnion.

[0017] The driver is arranged on the outer end of the adjusting sleeve corresponding to the first trunnion.

[0018] The multiple adjusting bolts are respectively arranged in the shaft holes of the vertical plate of the U-shaped frame along the radial direction, and one ends of the multiple adjusting bolts are respectively arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the adjusting sleeves, and the multiple adjusting bolts are distributed along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the adjusting sleeves.

[0019] Further, the multiple adjusting bolts are divided into four groups, and the number of the adjusting bolts in each group is two.

[0020] The four groups of adjusting bolts are respectively arranged in the shaft holes of the vertical plate of the U-shaped frame along the circumferential direction, and the two adjusting bolts in the same group are distributed along the axial direction of the adjusting sleeve.

[0021] Further, the angle measuring unit is further arranged.

[0022] The angle measuring unit comprises a grating reading head and a grating disc.

[0023] The grating disc is a measuring end of the angle measuring unit, is sleeved on the outer end of the second journal, and is located at the inner end of the swing measuring unit. The grating reading head is installed on the adjusting end of the second journal corresponding to the adjusting unit, and is used for measuring the rotation angle of the second journal.

[0024] Further, two optical sensors are further included;

[0025] The two optical sensors are respectively installed on the outer end of the first journal and the upper side of the object carrier, and are used for measuring the angle error and the tracking error.

[0026] Further, two strain sensors are further included;

[0027] The two strain sensors are respectively installed on the outer circumferential surface of the first journal and the second journal, and are used for measuring the deformation data of the first journal and the second journal.

[0028] Further, the swing measuring unit includes a mirror and a autocollimator;

[0029] The mirror is sleeved on the outer end of the second journal and is located at the outer end of the grating disc;

[0030] The autocollimator is arranged on one side of the U-shaped frame, and the detection end of the autocollimator is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the mirror.

[0031] Further, the plurality of position sensors in each group are respectively connected to the inner end of the vertical plate in the U-shaped frame through an installation support.

[0032] Meanwhile, the application also provides a photoelectric shafting alignment error testing method based on the photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device, and the speciality thereof lies in comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1, installing the two bearings to be tested to the first journal and the second journal and the adjusting end of the corresponding adjusting unit;

[0034] Step 2, driving the first journal and the second journal to rotate synchronously through the driver, measuring the radial swing amount of the second journal through the swing measuring unit, adjusting the relative position between the second journal and the U-shaped frame through the adjusting unit corresponding to the second journal if the radial swing amount is greater than the preset swing amount, so that the radial swing amount of the second journal meets the preset swing amount requirement, and then zeroing the corresponding group of position sensors;

[0035] Step 3, adjusting the relative position between the first journal and the U-shaped frame through the adjusting unit corresponding to the first journal, so that the initial coaxiality between the first journal and the second journal meets the preset coaxiality requirement, and then zeroing the corresponding group of position sensors;

[0036] Step 4, the simulation load is arranged on the lower side of the support frame;

[0037] Step 5, the first and second trunnions are synchronously rotated by the driver, and in the process, the radial displacement of the first and second trunnions is measured by two groups of position sensors respectively, and the maximum value of the radial displacement difference of the first and second trunnions is the centering error of the second trunnion and the second trunnion;

[0038] Step 6, the driver is controlled to stop working, different weights of simulation loads are replaced, and step 5 is returned to obtain the centering error of the first and second trunnions under different weight loads until the centering error of the first and second trunnions under all preset weight loads is obtained, and the test is completed.

[0039] Further, step 5 further comprises:

[0040] A, the centering angle α is calculated by the following formula:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, a is the maximum value of the radial displacement of the first trunnion, b is the minimum value of the radial displacement of the second trunnion, and L is the axial distance between the detection ends of the two groups of position sensors;

[0043] B, the deformation data of the first and second trunnions is measured by two strain sensors respectively;

[0044] C, the radial swing data of the first and second trunnions is measured by the swing test unit:

[0045] D, the angle measurement error is measured by the optical sensor installed on the support frame:

[0046] E, the motion error is measured by the optical sensor installed on the outer end of the first trunnion.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0048] 1, the present application can simulate the deformation, pointing accuracy, motion accuracy and structural dynamic characteristics of the first and second trunnions under different bearing combinations and different mode loads by replacing and installing different types of bearings, different sizes of left and right bearing seats and different quality simulation loads, thereby realizing accurate testing of the photoelectric shaft system centering error, and thus accurate compensation can be performed to reduce the centering error value of the photoelectric shaft system affected by factors such as machining, assembly and gravity deformation, and to reduce the influence on the pointing accuracy, motion accuracy and structural dynamic characteristics of the photoelectric tracking and sighting equipment.

[0049] 2、The present application realizes the measurement of the rotation angle of the second trunnion through the setting of the angle measuring unit, realizes the measurement of the angle error and tracking error through the setting of the optical sensor, and realizes the measurement of the deformation data of the first trunnion and the second trunnion through the setting of the strain sensor, so that various sensors can be additionally set according to actual needs to meet different testing needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of an embodiment of the present application, a photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device;

[0051] Figure 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present application, a photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device;

[0052] Figure 3 is a calculation principle diagram of the alignment angle a in the present application, a photoelectric shafting alignment error testing method.

[0053] In the drawings:

[0054] 01-bearing, 02-simulated load;

[0055] 1-U-shaped frame, 2-first trunnion, 3-second trunnion, 4-driver, 5-carrier, 6-angle measuring unit, 61-raster reading head, 62-raster disc, 7-shake measuring unit, 71-reflector, 8-optical sensor, 9-adjusting unit, 91-adjusting shaft sleeve, 92-adjusting bolt, 10-position sensor, 11-strain sensor, 12-mounting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, advantages and characteristics of the present application clearer, the following further details a photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device and testing method according to the present application with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and characteristics of the present application will be clearer according to the following specific embodiments. It should be noted that: the drawings are all very simplified and use non-precise proportions, only to facilitate and clarify the purpose of assisting the description of the embodiments of the present application; secondly, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure.

[0057] Referring to Figure 1 , the present embodiment of a photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device mainly includes a U-shaped frame 1, a first trunnion 2, a second trunnion 3, a driver 4, a carrier 5, a shake measuring unit 7, two adjusting units 9 and two sets of position sensors 10.

[0058] Among them, the U-shaped frame 1 includes a horizontal plate, and two vertical plates respectively installed at both ends of the horizontal plate, and shaft holes are arranged on the other ends of the two vertical plates.

[0059] The horizontal plate in the U-shaped frame 1 is installed on an external rotary table to realize azimuth rotation of the U-shaped frame 1; the first and second trunnions 2 and 3 are the same in structure and pass through the shaft holes of the two vertical plates in the U-shaped frame 1 in the axial direction, and the outer diameters of the first and second trunnions 2 and 3 are smaller than the diameters of the shaft holes, so as to facilitate installation of the adjusting units 9.

[0060] The main function of the two adjusting units 9 is to adjust the relative positions between the first and second trunnions 2 and 3 and the U-shaped frame 1, and the two adjusting units 9 are respectively installed on the shaft holes of the two vertical plates in the U-shaped frame 1, and the adjusting ends thereof are respectively connected with the outer circumferential surfaces of the first and second trunnions 2 and 3 through a bearing 01 to be tested.

[0061] Referring to Figure 2 , specifically, the adjusting unit 9 mainly comprises an adjusting shaft sleeve 91 and a plurality of adjusting bolts 92; the adjusting shaft sleeve 91 is installed at the shaft hole of the vertical plate in the U-shaped frame 1, and the outer diameter thereof is smaller than the diameter of the shaft hole and the inner diameter thereof is larger than the outer diameter of the first and second trunnions 2 and 3; the adjusting shaft sleeve 91 is the adjusting end of the adjusting unit 9, is sleeved on the circumferential side of the first or second trunnion 2, and the outer ring of the bearing 01 to be tested is connected with the inner wall of the adjusting shaft sleeve 91 and the inner ring is connected with the circumferential side of the first or second trunnion 2; the plurality of adjusting bolts 92 are respectively installed at the shaft holes of the vertical plates in the U-shaped frame 1, one end of each of the adjusting bolts 92 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting shaft sleeve 91, and the plurality of adjusting bolts 92 are distributed along the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the adjusting shaft sleeve 91.

[0062] Preferably, the plurality of adjusting bolts 92 are four groups, and the number of the adjusting bolts 92 in each group is two; the four groups of adjusting bolts 92 are respectively arranged at the shaft holes of the vertical plates in the U-shaped frame 1 along the circumferential direction, and the two adjusting bolts 92 in the same group are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the adjusting shaft sleeve 91.

[0063] The lower side of the object carrier 5 can be provided with different simulated loads 02 according to actual testing needs, and the two ends thereof are respectively connected with the first and second trunnions 2 and 3 close to each other; the driver 4 is specifically a driving motor, the driving motor is installed at the outer end of the adjusting shaft sleeve 91 corresponding to the first trunnion 2, the driving end thereof is connected with the outer end circumferential side of the first trunnion 2, and the first trunnion 2 is driven to rotate through the driving motor.

[0064] The number of each group of position sensors 10 is multiple, and in this embodiment, two position sensors 10 in each group are taken as an example, the two position sensors 10 in each group are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the detection ends of the two position sensors 10 are respectively abutted against the outer circumferential surfaces of the first and second trunnions 2 and 3, and each position sensor 10 is connected with the inner side of the vertical plate in the U-shaped frame 1 through an installation bracket 12, and the relative positions between the first and second trunnions 2 and 3 and the U-shaped frame 1 are detected through the position sensors 10.

[0065] The first measuring end of the swing measuring unit 7 is installed at the outer end of the second trunnion 3 and is located outside the detection end of the angle measuring unit 6, and the second measuring end is arranged at one side of the U-shaped frame 1 and is used for measuring the radial swing data of the second trunnion 3.

[0066] Specifically, the swing measuring unit 7 comprises a reflector 71 and a collimator; the reflector 71 is sleeved at the outer end of the second trunnion 3 and is located outside the grating disc 62; the collimator is arranged at one side of the U-shaped frame 1, and the detection end of the collimator is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the reflector 71. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, the reflector 71 can also be sleeved at the outer side of the first trunnion 2.

[0067] Preferably, according to different test needs, in other embodiments of the present application, one angle measuring unit 6, or one angle measuring unit 6 and two optical sensors 8, or two strain sensors 11 alone, or any two or three combinations of one angle measuring unit 6, one angle measuring unit 6 and two optical sensors 8 and two strain sensors 11 can also be arranged on the basis of the above-mentioned device.

[0068] Specifically, the angle measuring unit 6 comprises a grating reading head 61 and a grating disc 62; the grating disc 62 is the measuring end of the angle measuring unit 6, is sleeved at the outer end of the second trunnion 3 and is located inside the swing measuring unit 7, and the grating reading head 61 is installed on the adjusting end of the second trunnion 3 corresponding to the adjusting unit 9.

[0069] The two optical sensors 8 are respectively installed at the outer end of the first trunnion 2 and the upper side of the object carrier 5 and are used for measuring the angle error and tracking error.

[0070] The two strain sensors 11 are respectively installed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 and are used for measuring the deformation data of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3.

[0071] The photoelectric shafting alignment error test method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:

[0072] Step 1, install two different types of bearings 01 to be tested to the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 and the adjusting end of the corresponding adjusting unit 9.

[0073] Step 2, drive the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 to rotate synchronously by the driver 4, in the process, measure the radial wobble of the second trunnion 3 by the wobble measuring unit 7, if the radial wobble is greater than the preset wobble, adjust the position of the corresponding adjusting sleeve 91 by the adjusting bolt 92 in the corresponding adjusting unit 9 of the second trunnion 3, specifically by adjusting the tightening turns of the adjusting bolt 92, so as to adjust the relative position between the second trunnion 3 and the U-shaped frame 1, so that the radial wobble of the second trunnion 3 meets the preset wobble requirement, and then zero the corresponding group of position sensors 10.

[0074] Step 3, adjust the position of the corresponding adjusting sleeve 91 by the adjusting bolt 92 in the corresponding adjusting unit 9 of the first trunnion 2, keep the tightening turns of the adjusting bolt 92 corresponding to the first trunnion 2 and the adjusting bolt 92 corresponding to the second trunnion 3 corresponding, so as to adjust the relative position between the first trunnion 2 and the U-shaped frame 1, so that the initial coaxiality between the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 meets the preset coaxiality requirement, and then zero the corresponding group of position sensors 10.

[0075] Step 4, place the simulated load 02 on the lower side of the carrier 5.

[0076] Step 5, drive the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 to rotate synchronously by the driver 4, in the process, measure the radial displacement of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 by the two groups of position sensors 10 respectively, and the maximum value of the radial displacement difference of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 is the centering error of the second trunnion 3 and the second trunnion 3.

[0077] According to actual needs, one or more of the following tests can also be performed:

[0078] A, calculate the centering angle a by the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, see Figure 3 , a is the maximum value of the radial displacement of the first trunnion 2, b is the minimum value of the radial displacement of the second trunnion 3, and L is the axial distance between the detection ends of the two groups of position sensors 10;

[0081] B, measure the deformation data of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 by two strain sensors 11 respectively, and record the data of the stress sensor at different angles.

[0082] C, measure the radial wobble data of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 by the wobble test unit.

[0083] D. Measure the angle error by the optical sensor 8 installed on the carrier 5: use the optical sensor 8 to aim at the preset target, record the angle value c of the angle measuring unit 6 at this time, and the true value d, the angle error e = d-c.

[0084] E. Measure the motion error by the optical sensor 8 installed on the outer end of the first trunnion 2: use the optical sensor 8 to track the target, and record the difference between the position of the angle measuring unit 6 and the true value of the target position as the motion error.

[0085] Step 6, control the driver 4 to stop working, replace the simulated load 02 of different weights, so as to change the load weight acting on the carrier 5, adjust the stress state of the shafting, return to step 5, obtain the centering error of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 under different weight loads, until the centering error of the first trunnion 2 and the second trunnion 3 under all preset weight loads is obtained, and the test is completed.

Claims

1. A photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device, characterized in that: comprising a U-shaped frame (1), a first trunnion (2), a second trunnion (3), a driver (4), a carrier (5), a wobble measuring unit (7), two adjusting units (9) and two sets of position sensors (10); the U-shaped frame (1) comprises a horizontal plate, two vertical plates respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is mounted on an external rotary table, and the two vertical plates are oppositely provided with shaft holes; the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) respectively pass through the shaft holes of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame (1) in the axial direction, and the outer diameters of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) are smaller than the diameters of the shaft holes; the two adjusting units (9) are respectively mounted at the shaft holes of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame (1), the adjusting ends thereof are respectively connected with the outer circumferential surfaces of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) through a bearing (01) to be tested, and are used for adjusting the relative positions between the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) and the U-shaped frame (1); the lower side of the carrier (5) is used for arranging a simulated load (02), and both ends thereof are respectively connected with the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) near one end; the driver (4) is mounted on the adjusting end of the adjusting unit (9) corresponding to the first trunnion (2), the driving end thereof is connected with the outer end circumferential side of the first trunnion (2), and is used for driving the first trunnion (2) to rotate; the first measuring end of the wobble measuring unit (7) is mounted on the outer end of the second trunnion (3), and the second measuring end is arranged on one side of the U-shaped frame (1), and is used for measuring the radial wobble data of the second trunnion (3); the number of each set of position sensors (10) is multiple, the two sets of position sensors (10) are respectively mounted on the sides of the two vertical plates of the U-shaped frame (1) close to each other, the detection ends of the multiple position sensors (10) of the two sets are circumferentially abutted on the outer circumferential surfaces of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3), and are used for detecting the relative positions between the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) and the U-shaped frame (1).

2. The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjusting unit (9) comprises an adjusting shaft sleeve (91) and multiple adjusting bolts (92); the adjusting shaft sleeve (91) is mounted in the shaft hole of the vertical plate of the U-shaped frame (1), the outer diameter thereof is smaller than the diameter of the shaft hole, and the inner diameter thereof is larger than the outer diameter of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3); the adjusting shaft sleeve (91) is the adjusting end of the adjusting unit (9), is sleeved on the circumferential side of the first trunnion (2) or the second trunnion (3), the outer ring of the bearing (01) to be tested is connected with the inner wall of the adjusting shaft sleeve (91), and the inner ring is connected with the circumferential side of the first trunnion (2) or the second trunnion (3); the driver is mounted on the outer end of the adjusting shaft sleeve (91) corresponding to the first trunnion (2); the multiple adjusting bolts (92) are respectively mounted on the shaft holes of the vertical plates of the U-shaped frame (1) in the radial direction, one end of each of the adjusting bolts (92) is abutted on the outer circumferential surface of the adjusting shaft sleeve (91), and the multiple adjusting bolts (92) are distributed in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the adjusting shaft sleeve (91). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 3.The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the plurality of adjusting bolts (92) are divided into four groups, and each group has two adjusting bolts (92); the four groups of adjusting bolts (92) are evenly arranged on the shaft hole of the vertical plate of the U-shaped frame (1) in the circumferential direction, and the two adjusting bolts (92) in the same group are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the adjusting shaft sleeve (91). 4.The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: it further comprises an angle measuring unit (6); the angle measuring unit (6) comprises a grating reading head (61) and a grating disc (62); the grating disc (62) is the measuring end of the angle measuring unit (6), is sleeved on the outer end of the second journal (3), and is located at the inner end of the wobble measuring unit (7); the grating reading head (6) is installed on the adjusting end of the second journal (3) corresponding to the adjusting unit (9), and is used for measuring the rotation angle of the second journal (3). 5.The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: it further comprises two optical sensors (8); the two optical sensors (8) are respectively installed on the outer end of the first journal (1) and the upper side of the object carrier (5), and are used for measuring the angle error and the tracking error. 6.The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: it further comprises two strain sensors (11); the two strain sensors (11) are respectively installed on the outer circumferential surface of the first journal (2) and the second journal (3), and are used for measuring the deformation data of the first journal (2) and the second journal (3). 7.The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the wobble measuring unit (7) comprises a reflector (71) and a autocollimator; the reflector (71) is sleeved on the outer end of the second journal (3) and is located at the outer end of the grating disc (62); the autocollimator is arranged on one side of the U-shaped frame (1), and the detection end of the autocollimator is arranged corresponding to the reflecting surface of the reflector (71). 8.The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: each group of position sensors (10) is connected to the inner end of the vertical plate of the U-shaped frame (1) through an installation support (12).

9. A photoelectric shafting alignment error testing method based on the photoelectric shafting alignment error testing device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step 1, install the two bearings (01) to be tested to the first journal (2) and the second journal (3) respectively, and between the adjusting end of the corresponding adjusting unit (9); Step 2, drive the first journal (2) and the second journal (3) to rotate synchronously by the driver (4), measure the radial wobble amount of the second journal (3) by the wobble measuring unit (7), if the radial wobble amount is greater than the preset wobble amount, adjust the relative position between the second journal (3) and the U-shaped frame (1) through the corresponding adjusting unit (9) of the second journal (3) to make the radial wobble amount of the second journal (3) meet the preset wobble amount requirement, and then zero the corresponding group of position sensors (10). Step 3, adjust the relative position between the first trunnion (2) and the U-shaped frame (1) through the corresponding adjustment unit (9) of the first trunnion (2), so that the initial coaxiality between the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) meets the preset coaxiality requirement, and then zero the corresponding set of position sensors (10); Step 4, place the simulated load (02) on the lower side of the carrier (5); Step 5, drive the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) to rotate synchronously through the driver (4), and in the process, measure the radial displacement of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) through the two sets of position sensors (10), respectively. The maximum value of the radial displacement difference between the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) is the centering error of the second trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3); Step 6, control the driver (4) to stop working, replace the simulated load (02) of different weights, return to step 5, and obtain the centering error of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) under different weights of the simulated load (02), until the centering error of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) under all preset weights of the simulated load (02) is obtained, and the test is completed.

10. The photoelectric shafting alignment error testing method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step 5 further comprises: A, calculate the centering angle α by the following formula: In the formula: a is the maximum radial displacement of the first trunnion (2), b is the minimum radial displacement of the second trunnion (3), and L is the axial distance between the detection ends of the two sets of position sensors (10); B, measure the deformation data of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) through two strain sensors (11), respectively; C, measure the radial wobble data of the first trunnion (2) and the second trunnion (3) through the wobble test unit (7): D, measure the angle measurement error through the optical sensor (8) installed on the carrier (5): E, measure the motion error through the optical sensor (8) installed on the outer end of the first trunnion (2).

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