A laminar flame soot sampling device applicable to pressurized conditions

Abstract

The present invention discloses a carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions, which includes a sampling component and a combustion chamber, the through opening of the combustion chamber is covered with a flange, and the end face of the flange facing away from the combustion chamber is provided with a mounting groove; a slider is slidably provided in the mounting groove, a pre-compressed elastic member is provided between the slider and the mounting groove, and a waist-shaped slot is formed through the slider and the flange along a first direction; a clamping member is provided at one end of the flange facing away from the combustion chamber, and the clamping area between the clamping member and the flange forms a mounting cavity; a movable plate is slidably provided in the mounting cavity along the vertical direction, and the two ends of the movable plate along the first direction are respectively abutted against the slider and the clamping member, and the movable plate is provided with a perforation at the position corresponding to the waist-shaped slot; one end of the sampling component is movably plugged into the perforation along the first direction, and the other end is connected to a two-axis movable component. The present invention realizes that while keeping the combustion chamber in a stable pressurized state, the sampling component is driven to move vertically to sample carbon soot at different height positions of the laminar flame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of carbon soot particle collection, and in particular to a carbon soot sampling device suitable for laminar flames under pressurized conditions. Background Art

[0002] Soot is one of the important products of laminar flames and has negative impacts on the environment and health. The generation and oxidation of soot is a very complex process, which includes not only the gas phase reaction caused by the mixture of various gases, but also the phase change process from gas to solid, and the growth, aggregation, oxidation and fragmentation of particles after nucleation. Studying the morphology of soot helps to establish the mechanism of soot generation. In order to obtain the evolution process of soot morphology in laminar flames, it is necessary to use a sampling device to sample the soot in the laminar flame and then analyze it.

[0003] In order to better obtain the evolution process of carbon soot morphology in laminar flames, it is necessary to sample at different heights of the flame axis. At the same time, in order to reflect the influence of pressure on the process, it is also necessary to perform the sampling under pressurized conditions to improve the accuracy and versatility of the structure. However, most existing carbon soot sampling devices are not easy to drive the probe assembly to move vertically relative to the combustion chamber to sample at different heights of the laminar flame, and when driving the probe assembly to move vertically relative to the combustion chamber, it is easy to connect the inside of the combustion chamber with the outside world. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the soot sampling device is not easy to drive the probe assembly to move vertically relative to the combustion chamber to perform sampling at different height positions of the laminar flame, and is prone to gas leakage in the combustion chamber during the vertical movement and adjustment process, thereby providing a soot sampling device suitable for laminar flames under pressurized conditions.

[0005] According to the present invention, a laminar flame soot sampling device suitable for pressurized conditions is provided, comprising:

[0006] A combustion chamber, for generating a laminar flame, wherein a through opening is provided on a side wall of the combustion chamber;

[0007] A flange, covering the through opening, wherein an end surface of the flange facing away from the combustion chamber along a first direction is provided with a mounting groove;

[0008] A slider is slidably arranged in the mounting groove along a first direction, and a pre-compressed elastic member is arranged between the slider and the mounting groove, and a waist-shaped groove is formed on the slider and the flange along the first direction, and the waist-shaped groove is arranged in a vertical direction, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to the first direction;

[0009] A pressing member, which is arranged at one end of the flange away from the combustion chamber and forms a mounting cavity with the clamping area between the flange;

[0010] A movable plate is vertically slidably disposed in the mounting cavity, two ends of the movable plate along a first direction are respectively abutted against the slider and the pressing member, and a through hole is penetrated through the movable plate at a position corresponding to the waist-shaped groove along the first direction;

[0011] The sampling component has one end movably inserted into the through hole along the first direction, and the other end movably passes through the clamping member and is connected with a two-axis moving component; the two-axis moving component drives the sampling component to move along the first direction and vertically.

[0012] According to the present invention, a laminar flame soot sampling device suitable for pressurized conditions has at least the following technical effects:

[0013] By penetrating a waist-shaped slot connected to the interior of the combustion chamber along a first direction on the slider and the flange, a movable plate is arranged in the installation cavity which can slide vertically. The slider abuts against the movable plate under the elastic force of the pre-compressed elastic member, and the movable plate covers and seals the waist-shaped slot. When it is necessary to sample soot at different heights of the laminar flame in the combustion chamber, the two-axis moving assembly is first started to extend the sampling end of the sampling assembly into the through hole, and then the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the movable plate to rise and fall vertically together with the sampling assembly. In the process of the movable plate rising and falling vertically, the sliding plate An elastic part is arranged between the block and the mounting groove, so that the movable plate can always be in contact with the slider during the lifting and moving process to cover and seal the waist-shaped groove; it can also reduce the friction between the slider and the movable plate, ensuring that the movable plate can be stably and smoothly lifted and moved vertically under the drive of the two-axis moving component; while keeping the combustion chamber in a stable pressurized state, the sampling component can be driven to move vertically relative to the combustion chamber to perform carbon soot sampling at different height positions of the laminar flame, thereby realizing the measurement of different positions of the vertical dimension of the central plane of the laminar flame under boosted conditions.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing gasket is provided between the moving plate and the sliding block.

[0015] Preferably, the slider is provided with a connecting platform protruding from the middle of the end surface toward the movable plate along the first direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting platform perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the slider perpendicular to the first direction; the sealing gasket is sleeved on the connecting platform.

[0016] Preferably, a roller assembly is provided on the pressing member, and the roller assembly abuts against an end surface of the movable plate facing away from the sliding block.

[0017] Preferably, the roller assembly comprises a plurality of rollers arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers abut against the movable plate;

[0018] And / or, two limiting portions are convexly provided on the end surface of the moving plate facing the pressing member, and the two limiting portions are arranged at intervals in the second direction; two sets of roller assemblies are provided, and the two sets of roller assemblies are arranged at intervals in the second direction and respectively abut against the mutually facing sides of the two limiting portions; the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other in pairs.

[0019] And / or, a first threaded hole is formed through the pressing member at a position corresponding to the moving plate in the first direction, and a set screw is threadedly connected in the first threaded hole.

[0020] Preferably, a long strip through groove is formed through the pressing member in the first direction, and the long strip through groove is arranged vertically; a guiding member is arranged on the end surface of the moving plate facing away from the slider in the first direction, and the other end of the guiding member passes through the long strip through groove and extends outside the pressing member; a through cavity is formed through the guiding member in the first direction, the through cavity is concentrically arranged with the through hole and communicated therewith, and the through cavity is used for the sampling assembly to movably pass through; a ball valve is arranged on the guiding member, and the ball valve is used for controlling the on-off of the through cavity.

[0021] Preferably, the pressing member includes a first U-shaped member and a second U-shaped member that can be separately arranged. A jack is formed through the connection portion of the first U-shaped member and the second U-shaped member in the first direction. When the first U-shaped member and the second U-shaped member are assembled into one body, a pin is inserted into the jacks of the first U-shaped member and the second U-shaped member, and the clamping area between the first U-shaped member and the second U-shaped member forms the long strip through groove.

[0022] And / or, the sampling assembly includes:

[0023] A sampling rod, one end of which is used for movably passing through the through cavity and the through hole, and the other end is connected to the two-axis moving assembly.

[0024] A probe, which is detachably arranged at one end of the sampling rod facing the combustion chamber in the first direction, and the probe is used for extending into the combustion chamber for sampling.

[0025] Preferably, an assembly screw is threadedly connected to the end of the guiding member facing away from the moving plate, and one end of the through cavity facing the assembly screw is set as a connecting cavity. The cross-sectional area of the connecting cavity perpendicular to the first direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of the through cavity perpendicular to the first direction; a gasket is arranged between the surrounding wall of the connecting cavity and the sampling rod.

[0026] Preferably, a first sealing ring is provided between the gasket and the assembly screw, the first sealing ring comprising a first inner ring portion and a first rubber outer ring portion, the first rubber outer ring portion is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the first inner ring portion, and the dimension of the first rubber outer ring portion along the first direction is smaller than the dimension of the first inner ring portion along the first direction;

[0027] And / or, a second sealing ring is arranged between the end surface of the gasket away from the assembly screw along the first direction and the surrounding wall of the connecting cavity, the second sealing ring includes a second inner ring portion and a second rubber outer ring portion, the second rubber outer ring portion is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the second inner ring portion, and the size of the second rubber outer ring portion along the first direction is smaller than the size of the second inner ring portion along the first direction.

[0028] Preferably, the two-axis moving assembly comprises:

[0029] Sampling station;

[0030] A vertical linear drive, arranged on the sampling platform, wherein the vertical linear drive is provided with a mounting plate that moves vertically;

[0031] A synchronous belt guide rail is arranged on the mounting plate along a first direction and driven by a servo motor, and the sampling rod is arranged on the synchronous belt guide rail;

[0032] And / or, the probe includes a first probe piece, a second probe piece, a third probe piece and a sampling grid, the second probe piece is formed with a mounting hole penetrating along the thickness direction of the probe, the mounting hole is used to place the sampling grid, the first probe piece and the third probe piece are respectively attached to the two side surfaces of the second probe piece along the thickness direction of the probe, and close the mounting hole; the third probe piece is formed with a sampling hole penetrating along the thickness direction of the probe at a position corresponding to the mounting hole, and the aperture of the sampling hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling grid.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of this embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic view of a partially omitted structure;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of the two-axis moving assembly removed in this embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the sampling component and the guiding member assembled in this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 6 is Figure 5 an enlarged view of part A in;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic exploded view of the pressing member in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic exploded view of the guiding member in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of the connection between the sampling rod and the probe in this embodiment;

[0044] Figure 10 is a schematic exploded view of the sampling rod and the probe in this embodiment;

[0045] Figure 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the first sealing ring in this embodiment.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0047] 1 - Combustion chamber;

[0048] 2 - Flange, 21 - Installation groove;

[0049] 3 - Slide block, 31 - Elastic member, 32 - Waist-shaped slotted hole, 33 - Sealing gasket, 34 - Connection platform;

[0050] 4 - Pressing member, 41 - Roller, 411 - Plug pin, 42 - First threaded hole, 43 - Set screw, 44 - Long strip through slot, 441 - Slot, 45 - First U-shaped member, 46 - Second U-shaped member, 471 - Insertion hole, 472 - Pin, 48 - Countersunk through hole, 49 - Adjusting pad;

[0051] 5 - Moving plate, 51 - Perforation, 52 - Limiting portion;

[0052] 6 - Guide, 61 - Through cavity, 611 - Connection cavity, 62 - Ball valve, 63 - Assembly screw, 64 - Gasket, 65 - First sealing ring, 651 - First inner ring part, 652 - First rubber outer ring part, 66 - Second sealing ring;

[0053] 71 - Sampling rod, 711 - First positioning hole, 72 - Probe, 721 - First probe piece, 722 - Second probe piece, 7221 - Mounting through hole, 723 - Third probe piece, 7231 - Sampling hole, 724 - Sampling grid, 725 - Second positioning hole, 726 - Arc part, 73 - Compression block, 731 - Third positioning hole;

[0054] 81 - Sampling table, 82 - Vertical linear actuator, 83 - Mounting plate, 84 - Synchronous belt guide rail, 85 - Servo motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0058] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0059] Such as Figures 1 to 4The present embodiment shows a carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions, comprising a sampling assembly and a combustion chamber 1 for generating laminar flames, wherein a through opening is arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber 1; the through opening is covered with a flange 2, and an installation groove 21 is arranged on the end face of the flange 2 facing away from the combustion chamber 1 along a first direction; a slider 3 is arranged in the installation groove 21 for sliding along the first direction, and a pre-compressed elastic member 31 is arranged between the slider 3 and the installation groove 21, and a waist-shaped slot 32 is formed on the slider 3 and the flange 2 along the first direction, and the waist-shaped slot 32 is arranged vertically; the method A clamping piece 4 is provided at one end of the flange 2 away from the combustion chamber 1, and a mounting cavity is formed in the clamping area between the clamping piece 4 and the flange 2; a movable plate 5 is slidably provided in the mounting cavity along the vertical direction, and the two ends of the movable plate 5 along the first direction are respectively abutted against the slider 3 and the clamping piece 4, and the movable plate 5 has a through hole 51 passing through it along the first direction at a position corresponding to the waist-shaped groove 32; one end of the sampling component is movably inserted into the through hole 51 along the first direction, and the other end is movably passed through the clamping piece 4, and is connected to a two-axis moving component, and the two-axis moving component drives the sampling component to move along the first direction and vertically. It can be understood that the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction mentioned in the text refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other, and the first direction and the second direction are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0060] The soot sampling device of this embodiment is provided with a waist-shaped slot 32 connected to the inside of the combustion chamber 1 on the slider 3 and the flange 2 along the first direction, and a movable plate 5 is arranged in the installation cavity to slide vertically. The slider 3 abuts against the movable plate 5 under the elastic force of the pre-compressed elastic member 31, and the movable plate 5 covers and seals the waist-shaped slot 32. When it is necessary to sample soot at different heights of the laminar flame in the combustion chamber 1, the two-axis moving assembly is first started to extend the sampling end of the sampling assembly into the through hole 51, and then the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the movable plate 5 to rise and fall vertically together with the sampling assembly. When the movable plate 5 rises and falls vertically, the sampling end of the sampling assembly is inserted into the through hole 51. During the process, because an elastic member 31 is provided between the slider 3 and the mounting groove 21, the movable plate 5 can always be in contact with the slider 3 during the lifting and moving process, thereby covering and sealing the waist-shaped groove 32; and the friction between the slider 3 and the movable plate 5 can be reduced, thereby ensuring that the movable plate 5 can be stably and smoothly lifted and moved vertically under the drive of the two-axis moving component; while keeping the combustion chamber 1 in a stable pressurized state, the sampling component can be driven to move vertically relative to the combustion chamber 1 to perform carbon soot sampling at different height positions of the laminar flame, thereby realizing sampling and measurement at different positions of the vertical dimension of the center plane of the laminar flame under boost conditions.

[0061] It should be noted that by adjusting and controlling the displacement of the sampling assembly along the first direction toward the combustion chamber 1 by the two-axis moving assembly, the relative position of the sampling assembly along the first direction in the laminar flame can be conveniently controlled to achieve a change in the sampling position along the first direction, thereby achieving two-dimensional measurement of different positions of the vertical dimension and the first direction dimension of the center plane of the laminar flame under boost conditions.

[0062] It should be noted that, because the clamping member 4 will not produce vertical or first-direction displacement relative to the flange 2 during the process of the two-axis moving assembly driving the moving plate 5 to move up and down vertically, it is ensured that the moving plate 5 can always maintain contact with the slider 3 to seal the waist-shaped groove 32 under the limitation of the clamping member 4, and at the same time be driven by the two-axis moving assembly to move smoothly vertically.

[0063] It should be noted that no matter the movable plate 5 rises to the highest point or falls to the lowest point, the projection of the waist-shaped slot 32 along the first direction falls within the range of the movable plate 5 .

[0064] It can be understood that when the two-axis moving assembly does not apply the lifting force to the moving plate 5 through the sampling assembly, the moving plate 5 is clamped between the clamping member 4 and the slider 3 under the elastic force of the elastic member 31 and the internal pressure of the combustion chamber 1 under the pressurized condition, and will not automatically drop due to the gravity generated by the weight of the moving plate 5, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the waist-shaped groove 32.

[0065] It can be understood that a combustion nozzle is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 for spraying combustion gas to generate a laminar flame.

[0066] Specifically, the elastic member 31 is configured as a compression spring.

[0067] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, specifically, a second threaded hole is provided on the end face of the flange 2 facing the clamping piece 4, and a countersunk through hole 48 is formed on the clamping piece 4 along the first direction at a position corresponding to the second threaded hole. When the clamping piece 4 is connected to the flange 2, it is only necessary to use a fastening bolt to pass through the countersunk through hole 48 and screw it to the second threaded hole; when the clamping piece 4 needs to be removed from the flange 2, it is only necessary to unscrew the fastening bolt from the second threaded hole, and the entire disassembly and assembly process is easy to operate.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown, more specifically, an adjustment pad 49 is provided on the end face of the clamping member 4 facing the flange 2, and the end of the adjustment pad 49 facing away from the clamping member 4 abuts against the flange 2; so as to ensure that a mounting cavity for placing the movable plate 5 is formed between the clamping member 4 and the flange 2.

[0069] like Figure 3 andFigure 4 As shown, optionally, a sealing gasket 33 is provided between the moving plate 5 and the slider 3, and the sealing effect at the abutting portion of the moving plate 5 and the slider 3 is further improved through the sealing gasket 33, so as to ensure the sealing effect on the waist-shaped slot 32 during the process of driving the moving plate 5 to move up and down vertically and driving the sampling assembly to extend into or out of the combustion chamber 1 in the first direction.

[0070] Specifically, the sealing gasket 33 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material to reduce the friction resistance to the vertical movement tendency of the moving plate 5.

[0071] As Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7 shown, optionally, a roller assembly is provided on the pressing member 4, and the roller assembly abuts against the end surface of the moving plate 5 facing away from the slider 3. Through the transitional connection of the roller assembly, the sliding friction between the moving plate 5 and the pressing member 4 is switched to rolling friction, reducing the friction coefficient, ensuring that the two-axis moving assembly can drive the sampling assembly and the moving plate 5 to move vertically relative to the waist-shaped slot 32 at different height positions of the laminar flame for soot sampling on the basis of keeping the combustion chamber 1 in a stable pressurized state with a relatively small lifting force output; reducing the output power of the two-axis moving assembly and the difficulty of driving the moving plate 5 to move vertically.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, the principle that the two-axis moving assembly can output a relatively small lifting force to drive the moving plate 5 to move up and down on the basis of keeping the combustion chamber 1 in a stable pressurized state is as follows:

[0073] According to GB150-2011 Pressure Vessels (7-2), the minimum gasket pressing force F p = 6.28D G bmP c , where D G is the diameter of the center circle of the gasket pressing force (mm), b is the effective sealing width of the gasket, m is the gasket coefficient, and P C is the calculated pressure. Take D Ga = 44 mm, b = 2 mm, m = 2. During the experiment, the pressure in the combustion chamber 1 does not exceed 2 Mpa. The calculated required clamping force is approximately 2200 N. Since the sealing gasket 33 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polytetrafluoroethylene has a low friction resistance. When forming a friction pair with steel, the friction coefficient is approximately 0.05. Also, since the other side of the moving plate 5 contacts the roller assembly, it is a rolling friction. According to the friction force calculation formula, the driving force required to move the moving plate 5 vertically up and down is approximately 110 N, and this value is at a relatively low level. Therefore, when the combustion chamber 1 is in a stable pressurized working state, an external force can still be applied to change the position of the moving plate 5 vertically, and at the same time, adjust the vertical height of the sampling assembly to change the sampling position.

[0074] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, optionally, the slider 3 is convexly provided with a connecting platform 34 at the middle of the end face facing the moving plate 5 along the first direction. The cross-sectional area of the connecting platform 34 perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the slider 3 perpendicular to the first direction; the sealing gasket 33 is sleeved on the connecting platform 34. Because under the action of the same pressure, the normal pressure is proportional to the area, and the cross-sectional area of the connecting platform 34 is smaller than that of the slider 3, when the combustion chamber 1 is in a pressurized working state, an additional pressure can be provided for the slider 3 along the first direction towards the moving plate 5 to achieve a certain degree of self-locking seal. At the same time, by sleeving the sealing gasket 33 on the connecting platform 34, it can effectively prevent the sealing gasket 33 from moving together during the process of driving the moving plate 5 to move up and down vertically; ensuring the sealing effect of the sealing gasket 33 on the end of the waist-shaped slot 32 facing the moving plate 5.

[0075] Optionally, the end face of the connecting platform 34 facing the moving plate 5 is convexly provided with a flange. The cross-sectional area of the flange perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the connecting platform 34 perpendicular to the first direction. Through the transition connection of the flange, the contact area between the moving plate 5 and the slider 3 is further reduced, and the friction between the two is further reduced, so as to ensure that when the combustion chamber 1 is in a stable pressurized state, starting the two-axis moving assembly can output a small lifting force to drive the moving plate 5 to move up and down.

[0076] As Figure 3 and Figure 7 shown, optionally, the roller assembly includes a plurality of rollers 41 arranged at intervals vertically. Here, four rollers 41 are preferably provided. The outer peripheral surface of the roller 41 abuts against the moving plate 5; by abutting the roller 41 against the moving plate 5, the sliding friction between the moving plate 5 and the pressing member 4 is switched to rolling friction, reducing the friction coefficient, and ensuring that when the combustion chamber 1 is in a stable pressurized working state, an external force can still be applied to change the position of the moving plate 5 vertically.

[0077] In specific applications, the number of the rollers 41 is reasonably increased or decreased according to the magnitude of the adjustment amount of the vertical movement of the moving plate 5. For example, in other embodiments, the roller assembly includes two, three, five, six or other numbers of rollers 41.

[0078] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, optionally, two limiting portions 52 are convexly provided on the end surface of the moving plate 5 facing the pressing member 4, and the two limiting portions 52 are arranged at intervals in the second direction; two sets of roller assemblies are provided, and the two sets of roller assemblies are arranged at intervals in the second direction and respectively abut against the mutually facing sides of the two limiting portions 52. Through the limiting effect of the cooperation between the two sets of roller assemblies and the two limiting portions 52, it is ensured that the moving plate 5 moves smoothly and linearly in the vertical direction driven by the two-axis moving assembly.

[0079] As Figure 7 shown, optionally, a first threaded hole 42 is formed through the pressing member 4 corresponding to the position of the moving plate 5 in the first direction, and a set screw 43 is threadedly connected in the first threaded hole 42. After adjusting the vertical movement of the moving plate 5 to the set height position, tighten the set screw 43 until the tip of the set screw 43 abuts against and presses the moving plate 5, ensuring that the moving plate 5 cannot descend under the action of the gravity generated by its own weight. Thus, it is ensured that after the sampling assembly retracts out of the through hole 51 to remove the soot sample and then moves toward the combustion chamber 1 in the first direction, it can be re-inserted into the through hole 51 without adjusting the height position in the middle, further improving the continuity of the sampling work.

[0080] As Figures 1 to 6As shown, optionally, the pressing member 4 is penetrated by a long through slot 44 along the first direction, and the long through slot 44 is arranged vertically; the end surface of the movable plate 5 away from the slider 3 along the first direction is provided with a guide member 6, and the other end of the guide member 6 passes through the long through slot 44 and extends to the outside of the pressing member 4; a through cavity 61 is penetrated in the guide member 6 along the first direction, and the through cavity 61 is arranged concentrically with the through hole 51 and is connected, and the through cavity 61 is used for the sampling component to move through; the guide 6 is provided with a ball valve 62, and the ball valve 62 is used to control the on-off of the through cavity 61; the sampling assembly has a first state in which the sampling end extends into the combustion chamber 1, a second state in which the sampling end retracts into the through cavity 61 and is located on the side of the ball valve 62 facing the combustion chamber 1, a third state in which the sampling end retracts into the through cavity 61 and is located on the side of the ball valve 62 away from the combustion chamber 1, and a fourth state in which the sampling end retracts outside the guide 6 and is located on the side of the ball valve 62 away from the combustion chamber 1. During sampling, the ball valve 62 is first opened, and the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the sampling assembly to move along the first direction so that the sampling assembly switches to the second state. Then, the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the moving plate 5 to move vertically to the set height position together with the sampling assembly. Then, the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the sampling assembly to move along the first direction so that the sampling assembly switches to the first state, so that the sampling end of the sampling assembly stays at the set height position of the laminar flame for a set time to complete the soot sampling. Then, the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the sampling assembly to move along the first direction so that the sampling assembly switches to the third state. At this time, the ball valve 62 is closed so that the path connecting the inside of the combustion chamber 1 with the outside through the through cavity 61 is blocked; finally, the two-axis moving assembly is started to drive the sampling assembly to move along the first direction so that the sampling assembly switches to the fourth state so that the soot sample can be removed; by repeating the above actions, soot sampling can be performed at another set height position of the laminar flame, and in the intermediate transition stage of the soot sampling at the two set height positions of the laminar flame, the ball valve 62 is closed to block the path connecting the inside of the combustion chamber 1 with the outside through the through cavity 61, so that the pressure in the combustion chamber 1 can be maintained basically constant, thereby improving the sampling efficiency.

[0081] like Figure 7As shown, optionally, the pressing member 4 includes a first U-shaped member 45 and a second U-shaped member 46 that can be separately arranged. A jack 471 is formed through the connection part of the first U-shaped member 45 and the second U-shaped member 46 along the first direction. When the first U-shaped member 45 and the second U-shaped member 46 are assembled into one body, the assembly can be completed by simply inserting a pin 472 into the jack 471 of the first U-shaped member 45 and the second U-shaped member 46. And a long strip through groove 44 is formed in the clamping area between the first U-shaped member 45 and the second U-shaped member 46, reducing the manufacturing cost and the assembly difficulty of this embodiment. Specifically, the roller 41 is arranged in the long strip through groove 44; thus, it is convenient to assemble the two groups of roller assemblies on the first U-shaped member 45 and the second U-shaped member 46 respectively, and then assemble them into the pressing member 4, further reducing the assembly difficulty of this embodiment. More specifically, the roller 41 is fixedly connected to the corresponding slot 441 of the long strip through groove 44 by a pin 411.

[0082] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, optionally, the sampling assembly includes a sampling rod 71 and a probe 72. One end of the sampling rod 71 is used to movably pass through the through cavity 61 and the through hole 51, and the other end is connected to the two-axis moving assembly; the probe 72 is detachably arranged at one end of the sampling rod 71 facing the combustion chamber 1 along the first direction, and the probe 72 is used to extend into the combustion chamber 1 for sampling. By detachably connecting the probe 72 to the sampling rod 71, after the sampling assembly is switched to the first state and the probe 72 stays at the set height position of the laminar flame for a set time to complete soot sampling, and after the sampling assembly is switched to the fourth state, it is convenient to remove the probe 72 from the sampling rod 71 and replace it with a new probe 72 to perform soot sampling on another set height position of the laminar flame, shortening the waiting time in the middle and improving the sampling efficiency.

[0083] As Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, optionally, one end of the guide member 6 facing away from the moving plate 5 is threadedly connected with an assembly screw 63. One end of the through cavity 61 facing the assembly screw 63 is provided as a connection cavity 611. The cross-sectional area of the connection cavity 611 perpendicular to the first direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of the through cavity 61 perpendicular to the first direction. A gasket 64 is provided between the surrounding wall of the connection cavity 611 and the sampling rod 71. By providing the gasket 64 between the connection cavity 611 and the sampling rod 71, the sealing effect on the gap between the sampling rod 71 and the connection cavity 611 is improved, effectively avoiding the leakage of the gas in the combustion chamber 1 to the outside through the gap between the sampling rod 71 and the connection cavity 611 during the process of opening the ball valve 62 and inserting the probe 72 into the combustion chamber 1 for sampling. At the same time, the gasket 64 is installed in the connection cavity 611 by the assembly screw 63. When the gasket 64 is worn out after long-term use and fails to achieve the required sealing effect, the assembly screw 63 can be unscrewed, and the original gasket 64 can be removed and replaced with a new gasket 64, reducing the difficulty and cost of maintenance.

[0084] Specifically, the gasket 64 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material to reduce the frictional resistance to the movement tendency of the sampling rod 71 along the first direction in the guide member 6.

[0085] As Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 and Figure 11 As shown, optionally, a first sealing ring 65 is provided between the gasket 64 and the assembly screw 63. The first sealing ring 65 includes a first inner ring portion 651 and a first rubber outer ring portion 652. The first rubber outer ring portion 652 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the first inner ring portion 651. The dimension of the first rubber outer ring portion 652 along the first direction is smaller than the dimension of the first inner ring portion 651 along the first direction. The first rubber outer ring portion 652 and the first inner ring portion 651 are combined in a way of a stepped seal to form the first sealing ring 65. The first rubber outer ring portion 652 provides pressure for the first inner ring portion 651 through its own deformation and plays a compensating role for the first inner ring portion 651, further improving the sealing effect on the gap between the sampling rod 71 and the connection cavity 611, and more effectively reducing the amount of gas in the combustion chamber 1 leaking to the outside through the gap between the sampling rod 71 and the connection cavity 611 during the sampling process.

[0086] As Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, optionally, a second sealing ring 66 is arranged between the end surface of the gasket 64 away from the assembly screw 63 along the first direction and the surrounding wall of the connecting chamber 611, and the second sealing ring 66 includes a second inner ring portion and a second rubber outer ring portion, the second rubber outer ring portion is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the second inner ring portion, and the size of the second rubber outer ring portion along the first direction is smaller than the size of the second inner ring portion along the first direction. The second rubber outer ring portion and the second inner ring portion are combined in a step-sealed manner to form the second sealing ring 66, and the second rubber outer ring portion provides pressure to the second inner ring portion through its own deformation, and plays a role in compensating the second inner ring portion, further improving the sealing effect of the gap between the sampling rod 71 and the connecting chamber 611; at the same time, the first sealing ring 65 and the second sealing ring 66 are spaced in the first direction in the connecting chamber 611 to form two sealing lines to prevent the gas in the combustion chamber 1 from leaking to the outside through the gap between the sampling rod 71 and the connecting chamber 611, thereby ensuring better sealing performance.

[0087] In a specific application, the first sealing ring 65 and the second sealing ring 66 are configured as the same sealing ring.

[0088] In order to reduce the frictional resistance to the sampling rod 71 moving along the first direction in the guide member 6 , specifically, the first inner ring portion 651 and the second inner ring portion are both made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0089] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, optionally, the two-axis movement assembly includes a sampling table 81, a vertical linear driver 82, and a synchronous belt guide 84; the vertical linear driver 82 is disposed on the sampling table 81, and the vertical linear driver 82 is provided with a mounting plate 83 that moves vertically; the synchronous belt guide 84 is disposed on the mounting plate 83 along a first direction and is driven by a servo motor 85, and the sampling rod 71 is disposed on the synchronous belt guide 84. When it is necessary to perform soot sampling at different height positions of the laminar flame in the combustion chamber 1, first start the servo motor 85 to drive the synchronous belt guide 84 to extend the sampling end of the sampling assembly into the through hole 51, and then start the vertical linear driver 82 to drive the synchronous belt guide 84, the sampling assembly, and the moving plate 5 to smoothly lift and lower along the vertical direction together with the mounting plate 83 to a set height position, and then start the servo motor 85 to drive the synchronous belt guide 84 to extend the sampling end of the sampling assembly into the set height position in the laminar flame for soot sampling. During the process of extending the sampling end of the sampling assembly from the through hole 51 and gradually into the laminar flame, since the soot sampling device in this embodiment uses the servo motor 85 as the driver, compared with using a cylinder as the driver, it can reduce the vibration when the sampling end of the sampling assembly extends into the sampling position in the laminar flame, and effectively avoid the phenomenon that the laminar flame is disturbed due to a large impact during the process of extending the sampling end of the sampling assembly into the combustion chamber 1. Therefore, the stability of the laminar flame during the sampling process can be ensured, thereby reducing the sampling error. It is possible to drive the sampling assembly to move vertically relative to the combustion chamber 1 and perform accurate soot sampling at different heights of the laminar flame while maintaining the combustion chamber 1 in a stable pressurized state.

[0090] Specifically, the vertical linear driver 82 is set as an electric cylinder or a linear motor or a cross-lift platform, and drives the mounting plate 83 to reciprocate vertically.

[0091] Specifically, the soot sampling device further includes a PLC controller electrically connected to the two-axis movement assembly. The sampling time and the moving distances along the vertical direction and the first direction can be set by adjusting the parameters of the PLC controller; and the PLC controller transmits a pulse signal to the servo motor 85. Under the drive of the pulse signal, the servo motor 85 drives the synchronous belt guide 84 to realize the insertion-retraction movement of the sampling assembly along the first direction, ensuring that the disturbance generated to the laminar flame during the sampling process is within an acceptable range, and making the sampling end of the sampling assembly stay in the laminar flame for a certain time for sampling. More specifically, the PLC controller uses a fifth-degree polynomial to program and control the servo motor 85, which can eliminate the sudden changes in the acceleration and speed of the synchronous belt guide 84 and make the movement of the sampling end of the sampling assembly smoother.

[0092] As Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, optionally, the probe 72 includes a first probe piece 721, a second probe piece 722, a third probe piece 723, and a sampling grid 724. An installation through-hole 7221 is formed through the second probe piece 722 along the thickness direction of the probe 72. The installation through-hole 7221 is used to place the sampling grid 724. The first probe piece 721 and the third probe piece 723 are respectively attached to both side surfaces of the second probe piece 722 along the thickness direction of the probe 72 and close the installation through-hole 7221. A sampling hole 7231 is formed through the third probe piece 723 along the thickness direction of the probe 72 at a position corresponding to the installation through-hole 7221. The aperture of the sampling hole 7231 is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling grid 724. By forming the installation through-hole 7221 through the second probe piece 722 along the thickness direction of the probe 72, the sampling grid 724 can be installed into or removed from the installation through-hole 7221. At the same time, the first probe piece 721 and the third probe piece 723 are respectively attached to both side surfaces of the second probe piece 722 along the thickness direction of the probe 72 and close the installation through-hole 7221 to form the probe 72. Then, the first probe piece 721 closes one side of the sampling grid 724 in the installation through-hole 7221, and the other side of the sampling grid 724 corresponds to the sampling hole 7231. When the probe 72 extends into the laminar flame along the first direction for sampling under the drive of the two-axis moving assembly, the soot in the laminar flame only adheres to one side of the sampling grid 724 through the sampling hole 7231, so as to avoid the soot adhering to both sides of the sampling grid 724, reduce the overlapping phenomenon of the soot on the sampling grid 724, ensure the clarity of the sample image of the sampling grid 724 observed by the transmission electron microscope, ensure the effectiveness of sampling, improve the sampling success rate, improve the sampling efficiency, and ensure the normal progress of the analysis.

[0093] It should be noted that the sampling method of the soot sampling device in this embodiment is contact sampling, that is, the probe 72 needs to extend into the laminar flame to perform sampling by using the thermophoretic phenomenon. The thermophoretic phenomenon refers to the phenomenon that particles move from the high-temperature part to the low-temperature part in a gas with a temperature gradient because the gas molecules in the higher-temperature part collide with the particles with higher kinetic energy than the gas molecules in the lower-temperature part. At the same time, for the collected soot particulate matter sample, it can be photographed and analyzed by a transmission electron microscope, and the average diameter, size distribution, and morphological characteristics of the soot particulate matter can be obtained by processing the image with ImageJ software.

[0094] As Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, specifically, a pressure block 73 is detachably connected to the side wall of one end of the sampling rod 71 facing the probe 72, and a clamping groove is formed between the pressure block 73 and the sampling rod 71; the clamping groove is used to place the probe 72. When the probe 72 needs to be connected to the sampling rod 71, only one end of the probe 72 needs to be placed on the sampling rod 71, and then the pressure block 73 is connected to the sampling rod 71 and the probe 72 is pressed; when the probe 72 needs to be removed from the sampling rod 71, only the pressure block 73 needs to be removed.

[0095] like Figure 10 As shown, more specifically, the probe rod 72 is provided with a first positioning hole 711 connected to the clamping groove, the first probe piece 721, the second probe piece 722 and the third probe piece 723 are all provided with a second positioning hole 725 corresponding to the first positioning hole 711, and the pressing block 73 is provided with a third positioning hole 731 corresponding to the second positioning hole 725; the probe rod 72 can pass through the third positioning hole 731, the three second positioning holes 725 and the first positioning hole 711 through a positioning pin, so as to fix the first probe piece 721, the second probe piece 722 and the third probe piece 723 at the same position on the clamping groove, which is convenient for multiple sampling. Because after a single sampling is completed, the sampling grid 724 in the mounting hole 7221 needs to be removed, and then a new sampling grid 724 needs to be replaced in the mounting hole 7221 for a second sampling. The first positioning hole 711, the second positioning hole 725 and the third positioning hole 731 correspond to each other, so that the first probe piece 721, the second probe piece 722 and the third probe piece 723 can be quickly positioned and installed, thereby facilitating the two-axis moving component to drive the sampling component to move a set distance along the first direction, so that the sampling end of the sampling component can extend into the corresponding position in the laminar flame for sampling.

[0096] Specifically, the probe 72 formed by the first probe piece 721, the second probe piece 722, the third probe piece 723 and the sampling grid 724 and the probe 72 rod constitute a linear structure, so that the two-axis moving component drives the sampling component to extend straight into the laminar flame along the first direction for sampling, which is convenient for structural design and process control.

[0097] like Figure 9 As shown, specifically, the end of the probe 72 away from the probe 72 rod is set as an arc portion 726. The arc portion 726 can make the end of the probe 72 extending into the laminar flame more rounded, reducing the disturbance effect of the probe 72 on the laminar flame when extending into the laminar flame, so as to reduce the sampling error.

[0098] It should be noted that the sampling grid 724 is a TEM grid commonly used in transmission electron microscope observation on the market.

[0099] It should be noted that the shape of the sampling grid 724 is circular, and the placement through-hole is a circular hole with a size matching that of the sampling grid 724. The sampling hole 7231 is also circular, and the circular sampling grid 724 is convenient to be placed on a transmission electron microscope for observation.

[0100] It should be noted that the first probe sheet 721, the second probe sheet 722, and the third probe sheet 723 are made of materials such as metal and quartz glass; they have the characteristics of high temperature resistance and a low heating rate.

[0101] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon soot sampling device suitable for laminar flames under pressurized conditions, characterized in that: include: A combustion chamber (1) for generating a laminar flame, wherein a through opening is arranged on a side wall of the combustion chamber (1); A flange (2) is arranged to cover the through opening, and a mounting groove (21) is arranged on an end surface of the flange (2) facing away from the combustion chamber (1) along a first direction; A slider (3) is slidably arranged in the installation groove (21) along a first direction, and a pre-compressed elastic member (31) is arranged between the slider (3) and the installation groove (21); a waist-shaped groove (32) is formed on the slider (3) and the flange (2) along the first direction, and the waist-shaped groove (32) is arranged vertically, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to the first direction; A pressing member (4) is arranged at one end of the flange (2) away from the combustion chamber (1), and forms a mounting cavity with the clamping area between the flange (2); A movable plate (5) is slidably arranged in the installation cavity along the vertical direction, and the two ends of the movable plate (5) along the first direction are respectively abutted against the slider (3) and the pressing member (4), and the movable plate (5) is penetrated with a through hole (51) along the first direction at a position corresponding to the waist-shaped groove (32); a sealing gasket (33) is arranged between the movable plate (5) and the slider (3); no matter the movable plate (5) rises to the highest point or falls to the lowest point, the projection of the waist-shaped groove (32) along the first direction falls within the range of the movable plate (5); The sampling component has one end that is movably inserted into the through hole (51) along the first direction, and the other end that is movably passed through the pressing member (4) and is connected to a two-axis moving component; the two-axis moving component drives the sampling component to move along the first direction and vertically.

2. The carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slider (3) is provided with a connecting platform (34) protruding from the middle of the end surface facing the movable plate (5) along the first direction, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting platform (34) perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the slider (3) perpendicular to the first direction; the sealing gasket (33) is sleeved on the connecting platform (34).

3. A soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressing member (4) is provided with a roller assembly, and the roller assembly abuts against the end surface of the movable plate (5) facing away from the sliding block (3).

4. The carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The roller assembly comprises a plurality of rollers (41) arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers (41) abut against the movable plate (5); And / or, the end surface of the movable plate (5) facing the pressing member (4) is convexly provided with two limiting portions (52), and the two limiting portions (52) are arranged at intervals along the second direction; the roller assembly is provided with two groups, and the two groups of roller assemblies are arranged at intervals along the second direction and respectively abut against the side surfaces of the two limiting portions (52) facing each other; the first direction, the second direction and the vertical direction are perpendicular to each other; And / or, a first threaded hole (42) is formed through the pressing member (4) at a position corresponding to the movable plate (5) along a first direction, and a set screw (43) is connected to the inner thread of the first threaded hole (42).

5. A soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The clamping member (4) is penetrated by a long through groove (44) along the first direction, and the long through groove (44) is arranged in the vertical direction; the end surface of the movable plate (5) facing away from the sliding block (3) along the first direction is provided with a guide member (6), and the other end of the guide member (6) passes through the long through groove (44) and extends to the outside of the clamping member (4); a through cavity (61) is penetrated by the guide member (6) along the first direction, and the through cavity (61) is arranged concentrically with the through hole (51) and is connected, and the through cavity (61) is used for the sampling component to move through; a ball valve (62) is provided on the guide member (6), and the ball valve (62) is used to control the opening and closing of the through cavity (61).

6. The carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing member (4) comprises a first U-shaped member (45) and a second U-shaped member (46) which can be separated. A plug hole (471) is formed through the connection between the first U-shaped member (45) and the second U-shaped member (46) along a first direction. When the first U-shaped member (45) and the second U-shaped member (46) are assembled into one body, a pin (472) is plugged into the plug hole (471) of the first U-shaped member (45) and the second U-shaped member (46), and the sandwiched area between the first U-shaped member (45) and the second U-shaped member (46) forms the long through groove (44). And / or, the sampling component comprises: A sampling rod (71), one end of which is used to movably pass through the through cavity (61) and the through hole (51), and the other end of which is connected to the two-axis moving assembly; The probe (72) is detachably arranged at one end of the sampling rod (71) along a first direction toward the combustion chamber (1), and the probe (72) is used to extend into the combustion chamber (1) for sampling.

7. The carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 6 is characterized in that: An end of the guide member (6) facing away from the movable plate (5) is threadedly connected with an assembly screw (63); an end of the through cavity (61) facing the assembly screw (63) is arranged as a connecting cavity (611); a cross-sectional area of ​​the connecting cavity (611) perpendicular to the first direction is larger than a cross-sectional area of ​​the through cavity (61) perpendicular to the first direction; and a gasket (64) is arranged between the surrounding wall of the connecting cavity (611) and the sampling rod (71).

8. The carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A first sealing ring (65) is arranged between the gasket (64) and the assembly screw (63), the first sealing ring (65) comprising a first inner ring portion (651) and a first rubber outer ring portion (652), the first rubber outer ring portion (652) being arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first inner ring portion (651), and the size of the first rubber outer ring portion (652) along the first direction is smaller than the size of the first inner ring portion (651) along the first direction; And / or, a second sealing ring (66) is arranged between the end surface of the gasket (64) away from the assembly screw (63) along the first direction and the surrounding wall of the connecting cavity (611), and the second sealing ring (66) includes a second inner ring portion and a second rubber outer ring portion, the second rubber outer ring portion is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the second inner ring portion, and the size of the second rubber outer ring portion along the first direction is smaller than the size of the second inner ring portion along the first direction.

9. The carbon soot sampling device for laminar flames under pressurized conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two-axis moving assembly comprises: Sampling station (81); A vertical linear drive (82) is arranged on the sampling platform (81), and the vertical linear drive (82) is provided with a mounting plate (83) that moves vertically; A synchronous belt guide rail (84) is arranged on the mounting plate (83) along a first direction and driven by a servo motor (85), and the sampling rod (71) is arranged on the synchronous belt guide rail (84); And / or, the probe (72) includes a first probe piece (721), a second probe piece (722), a third probe piece (723) and a sampling grid (724); the second probe piece (722) is provided with a mounting through hole (7221) penetrating along the thickness direction of the probe (72); the mounting through hole (7221) is used to accommodate the sampling grid (724); the first probe piece (721) and the third probe piece (723) are respectively attached to the two side surfaces of the second probe piece (722) along the thickness direction of the probe (72) and close the mounting through hole (7221); the third probe piece (723) is provided with a sampling hole (7231) penetrating along the thickness direction of the probe (72) at a position corresponding to the mounting through hole (7221); the aperture of the sampling hole (7231) is smaller than the outer diameter of the sampling grid (724).

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