A full-function testing device for triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance of rocks.

Abstract

A multi-functional testing device for triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance of rocks includes a test bench, a temperature control device, an osmotic pressure control device, an axial pressure loading device, and a disturbance and impact device. The temperature control device regulates the temperature of the rock sample testing environment. The osmotic pressure control device includes two permeable stones respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the rock sample in two connecting sections, and a water supply system located between the two connecting sections. The axial pressure loading device includes three pressurizing mechanisms respectively located on opposite sides and above the test bench. Three disturbance and impact devices are provided, each cooperating with one of the three pressurizing mechanisms to perform disturbance or impact tests on the rock sample. The testing device defined in this application breaks through the current laboratory approach for deep rock mechanics problems, which only considers one influencing factor and ignores the environmental mechanics characteristics of the deep rock environment. In addition, it also includes disturbance and impact devices, encompassing all disturbance implementation methods from static to dynamic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rock testing equipment, specifically relating to a full-function testing device for triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance of rocks. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern science and technology, especially in fields such as geological engineering, geotechnical engineering, and mining engineering, the understanding and research of rock mechanical properties has become particularly important. Rock, as a complex natural material, is influenced by various factors, including temperature, pressure, and osmotic pressure. Therefore, to better simulate the real environment of rocks deep underground, it is necessary to develop a rock testing instrument capable of simultaneously simulating high temperature, high pressure, high stress, and disturbance conditions. Traditional rock mechanics tests often employ uniaxial or biaxial compression tests. While these methods are simple and easy to implement, they cannot comprehensively simulate the complex stress state of rocks deep underground. Typical true triaxial rock testing instruments can apply independent stresses in three vertical directions, more closely resembling the stress state in the actual geological environment. However, they cannot reproduce the high temperature, high osmotic pressure, and disturbance environment of deep rocks in real time. If rock mechanics tests lose the realism of their underlying environment, the obtained results will always differ from reality, requiring further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a full-function testing device for triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature and disturbance of rocks.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A fully functional testing apparatus for triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance of rocks includes a test bench, a temperature control device, an osmotic pressure control device, an axial pressure loading device, and a disturbance impact device.

[0006] A temperature control device for regulating the temperature of the rock sample testing environment includes an insulation box with an insulation cavity inside the test bench, a thermoplastic sleeve for fixing the rock sample inside the insulation cavity, an oil tank for storing heat-conducting oil, an oil inlet pipe for supplying heat-conducting oil to the insulation cavity between the insulation box and the oil tank, an oil outlet pipe connected between the insulation box and the oil tank, a heatable oil pump installed on the oil inlet pipe, and a temperature sensor installed on the oil inlet pipe. A circulation area for heat-conducting oil circulation is formed between the inner wall of the insulation cavity and the outer wall of the thermoplastic sleeve. The thermoplastic sleeve includes two connecting sections connected to the inner wall of the insulation cavity and one fixing section for fixing the rock sample between the two connecting sections.

[0007] The osmotic pressure control device includes two permeable stones respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the rock sample in the two connecting sections, and a water supply system installed between the two connecting sections;

[0008] The axial pressure loading device includes three pressurizing mechanisms respectively installed on opposite sides and above the test bench;

[0009] The disturbance and impact device is provided in three parts, each working in conjunction with a pressurization mechanism to perform disturbance or impact tests on rock samples.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the connecting segment gradually increases outward from one end of the fixed segment, and the connecting segment is sealed to the upper or lower end of the insulation cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the water supply system includes an inlet pipe that supplies water to the upper connecting section, an outlet pipe that communicates with the interior of the lower connecting section, an osmotic pressure pump connected to the inlet pipe, a water storage tank connected to the outlet pipe, an upper drain valve installed on the inlet pipe, and a lower drain valve installed on the outlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end extends into the upper connecting section.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing frame, a pressurizing rod that can move back and forth relative to the test bench, a movable frame that is movably mounted on the pressurizing frame for mounting the pressurizing rod, and two pressurizing cylinders respectively mounted on the pressurizing frame on both sides of the pressurizing rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the disturbance and impact device includes a disturbance and impact instrument, a guide sleeve extending downward on the pressure frame near the upper end of the pressure rod, an electromagnetic chuck at the upper end of the guide sleeve, a disturbance and impact rod that can be connected to the electromagnetic chuck and extends downward into the guide sleeve, a buffer pad at the top of the pressure rod opposite to the guide sleeve, and a force sensor in the buffer pad.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a limiting pad rotatably mounted on the pressure frame and connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod, and a driving component mounted on the pressure frame to drive the limiting pad to rotate. The guide sleeve has a relief groove extending inward from its side. The driving component drives the limiting pad to rotate inside the guide sleeve, below the electromagnetic chuck, and connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod. When conducting an impact test on the rock, the driving component controls the limiting pad to rotate outward out of the relief groove, the disturbance impact rod is disconnected from the limiting pad, and is fixed in the guide sleeve by the electromagnetic chuck, with its lower end positioned above the buffer pad. Then, the disturbance... When the impact tester operates, the disturbance impact rod is launched at a set speed and strikes the buffer pad. The impact force is then transmitted to the rock sample through the pressure rod, completing the impact test on the rock sample. When conducting a disturbance test on the rock, the connection between the electromagnetic chuck and the disturbance impact rod is disconnected, and the buffer pad is removed. The drive unit controls the limiting pad to rotate inward into the relief groove and connect with the upper end of the disturbance impact rod. Then, the buffer pad is reinstalled from the side on the upper end of the pressure rod, abutting against the lower end of the disturbance impact rod. Next, the disturbance impact tester operates to vibrate the disturbance impact rod, conducting a disturbance test on the rock sample.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting pad is threadedly connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an acoustic emission sensor located at the bottom of the insulation cavity, opposite the connecting section below.

[0017] As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The experimental equipment specified in this application breaks through the current laboratory approach to deep rock mechanics problems, which only considers one influencing factor and ignores the environmental mechanical characteristics of the deep rock. Conventional true triaxial testing machines can only reproduce the high-pressure stress environment of deep rocks and cannot simultaneously consider the other three main influencing factors. In addition, it also includes a disturbance impact device, encompassing all disturbance implementation methods from static to dynamic. At the same time, the limitation of the thermoplastic sleeve to fix the rock sample can also solve the problems of high-stress loading and heat insulation in high-temperature environments, and the sealing of water pressure injection under high temperature and high stress. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental equipment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the disturbance impact rod under disturbance conditions.

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the state of the disturbance impact rod under impact.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of some of the structures in the image;

[0022] In the diagram, 1-test bench, 2-temperature control device, 3-osmotic pressure control device, 4-axial pressure loading device, 5-disturbance and impact device, 6-central control device, 21-insulation box, 211-insulation cavity, 22-thermoplastic sleeve, 221-connecting section, 222-fixed section, 23-oil storage tank, 24-oil inlet pipe, 25-oil outlet pipe, 26-oil delivery pump, 27-temperature sensor, 31-permeable stone, 32- 33-Water inlet pipe, 34-Water outlet pipe, 35-Osmotic pressure pump, 36-Water storage tank, 37-Upper drain valve, 41-Pressure frame, 42-Pressure rod, 43-Moving frame, 44-Pressure cylinder, 45-Strain gauge, 51-Disturbance impact meter, 52-Guide sleeve, 53-Electromagnetic chuck, 54-Disturbance impact rod, 55-Buffer pad, 56-Limiting pad, 57-Drive component, 58-Acoustic emission sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a rock triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance full-function testing device includes a test bench 1, a temperature control device 2, an osmotic pressure control device 3, an axial pressure loading device 4, a disturbance impact device 5, and a central control device 6.

[0025] Temperature control device 2, which regulates the temperature of the rock sample testing environment, includes an insulation box 21 with an insulation cavity 211 inside the test bench 1, a thermoplastic sleeve 22 for fixing the rock sample in the insulation cavity 211, an oil tank 23 for storing heat transfer oil, an oil inlet pipe 24 for supplying heat transfer oil to the insulation cavity 211 between the insulation box 21 and the oil tank 23, an oil outlet pipe 25 connected between the insulation box 21 and the oil tank 23, a heatable oil pump 26 installed on the oil inlet pipe 24, and a temperature sensor 27 installed on the oil inlet pipe 24. Specifically, a circulation area for heat transfer oil circulation is formed between the inner wall of the insulation cavity 211 and the outer wall of the thermoplastic sleeve 22. Before the rock sample is tested, the temperature in the insulation cavity 211 reaches the required test temperature through the heat transfer oil circulating in the circulation area, so as to simulate the temperature of the environment in which the rock is located.

[0026] The thermoplastic sleeve 22 includes two connecting sections 221 that are arranged opposite each other and connected to the inner wall of the insulation cavity 211, and a fixing section 222 disposed between the two connecting sections 221 for fixing the rock sample. The diameter of the connecting sections 221 gradually increases outward from one end of the fixing section 222. Specifically, the connecting sections 221 are sealed to the upper or lower end of the insulation cavity 211. The method of sealing the connecting sections 221 and the insulation cavity 211 can be selected from existing sealing connection methods for the two components according to actual installation requirements. The method of sealing the thermoplastic sleeve 22 to the insulation cavity 211 will not be discussed here. Further details: The thermoplastic sleeve 22 is made of high-temperature resistant thermoplastic polyurethane. When fixing the rock sample, the rock is placed in the mold and integrally formed with the thermoplastic sleeve 22, so that the fixing section 222 of the thermoplastic sleeve 22 completely covers the outer side of the rock sample, thus fixing the rock sample. After the rock sample has been tested, the thermoplastic sleeve 22 can be removed. By fixing the rock sample in the above way, the thermoplastic sleeve 22 can be directly adhered to the rock sample to form a seal. Afterwards, the sealed part is subjected to heat treatment or surface treatment to ensure its normal performance.

[0027] The osmotic pressure control device 3 includes two permeable stones 31 respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the rock sample in the two connecting sections 221, and a water supply system installed between the two connecting sections 221. Specifically, the water supply system includes an inlet pipe 32 supplying water to the upper connecting section, an outlet pipe 33 communicating with the interior of the lower connecting section, an osmotic pressure pump 34 connected to the inlet pipe 32, a water storage tank 35 connected to the outlet pipe 33, an upper drain valve 36 installed on the inlet pipe 32, and a lower drain valve 37 installed on the outlet pipe 33. One end of pipe 32 is connected to water storage tank 35, and the other end extends to the upper connecting section. During the osmotic pressure test, the osmotic pressure pump 34 is controlled to gradually increase the water pressure to the predetermined test level. Then, the upper drain valve 36 and the lower drain valve 37 are opened, and the water flows from the inlet pipe 32 into the thermoplastic sleeve 22. It permeates downward through the permeable stone at the upper end and through the rock sample. It flows out from the permeable stone at the lower end and then flows into water storage tank 35 through outlet pipe 33, forming the osmotic pressure loading. This process requires real-time monitoring of the osmotic pressure to ensure its stability.

[0028] The axial pressure loading device 4 applies pressure to the rock sample and includes three pressurizing mechanisms respectively installed on opposite sides and above the test bench 1. Specifically, the pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing frame 41, a pressurizing rod 42 that can move back and forth relative to the test bench, a movable frame 43 movably installed on the pressurizing frame 41 for mounting the pressurizing rod 42, and two pressurizing cylinders 44 respectively installed on the pressurizing frame 41 and connected to the movable frame 43 on both sides of the pressurizing rod 42. During axial pressure loading, the pressurizing cylinders 44 drive the movable frame 43 to move closer to the test bench 1, thereby... The lower end of the pressure rod 42 can abut against the side of the thermoplastic sleeve fixing section 222 or the surface of the permeable stone above it; specifically, a strain gauge 45 is provided on the pressure rod 42 to monitor the deformation and stress of the pressure rod 42; furthermore, the two opposite sides and the top surface of the insulation box 21 are respectively formed with perforations opposite to the two pressure rods 42 arranged on the sides, so that the opposite pressure rods 42 can pass through to apply pressure to the rock sample; when the heat transfer oil circulates in the insulation cavity 211, the perforations are sealed by the sealing element, and the pressure rod 42 is located outside the insulation box 21 and does not contact the rock sample.

[0029] The disturbance and impact device 5 is provided in three parts, each cooperating with a pressure mechanism to perform disturbance or impact tests on the rock sample. During the disturbance or impact test, the axial pressure loading device 4 must work in conjunction to stabilize the axial and lateral pressure on the rock sample before the disturbance or impact test is performed. Specifically, the disturbance and impact device 5 includes a disturbance and impact instrument 51, a guide sleeve 52 extending downwards from the pressure frame 41 near the upper end of the pressure rod 42, an electromagnetic chuck 53 located at the upper end of the guide sleeve 52, a disturbance and impact rod 54 extending downwards from the electromagnetic chuck 53 into the guide sleeve 52, a buffer pad 55 located at the top of the pressure rod 42 opposite to the guide sleeve 52, a force sensor located in the buffer pad 55, and a rotatable component mounted on the pressure... The frame 41 includes a limiting pad 56 connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod 54, a driving component 57 on the pressure frame 41 that drives the limiting pad 56 to rotate, and an acoustic emission sensor 58 located at the bottom of the insulation cavity 211 opposite to the lower connecting section. Furthermore, the limiting pad 56 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod 54. Through the cooperation of the limiting pad 56 and the buffer pad 55, the disturbance impact rod 54 is positioned between the limiting pad 56 and the buffer pad 55, stably performing disturbance tests on the rock sample. Furthermore, an iron-nickel rod is installed on the disturbance impact rod 54. The disturbance impact instrument 51 controls the flow of current in the electromagnetic chuck 56 to form a positive magnetic field, thereby controlling the action of the disturbance impact rod 54 to achieve the impact and reset of the disturbance impact rod 54.

[0030] The guide sleeve 52 has a relief groove extending inward from its side. The driving component 57 drives the limiting pad 56 to rotate inside the guide sleeve 52 and connect to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod 54 below the electromagnetic chuck 53. Specifically, the driving component 57 can be a drive motor or other transmission method to achieve the rotation of the limiting pad 56. The specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0031] When conducting an impact test on the rock, the drive unit 57 controls the limiting pad 56 to rotate outward and out of the clearance groove. The disturbance impact rod 54 is disconnected from the limiting pad 56 and fixed in the guide sleeve 52 by the electromagnetic chuck 53, with its lower end positioned above the buffer pad 55. Then, the disturbance impact device 51 operates, causing the disturbance impact rod 54 to be ejected at a set speed and strike the buffer pad 55. The impact force is transmitted to the rock sample through the pressure rod 42, thus completing the impact test on the rock sample.

[0032] When conducting a disturbance test on the rock, the connection between the electromagnetic chuck 53 and the disturbance impact rod 54 is cut off, and the buffer pad 55 is removed. The drive component 57 controls the limiting pad 56 to rotate inward into the relief groove and connect with the upper end of the disturbance impact rod 54. Then, the buffer pad 55 is reinstalled from the side on the upper end of the pressure rod 42 and abuts against the lower end of the disturbance impact rod 54. Then, the disturbance impact instrument 51 works to make the disturbance impact rod vibrate and conduct a disturbance test on the rock sample.

[0033] The central control device 6 is connected to and controls the temperature control device 2, the osmotic pressure control device 3, the axial pressure loading device 4, and the disturbance and impact device 5 respectively. Specifically, the central control device 6 adopts a PLC controller.

[0034] The method for conducting true triaxial tests on rock samples in a deep, full-environment environment with "high temperature, high humidity, and high osmosis" based on the experimental equipment of this application specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] Preparation stage: The selected rock samples are processed into the size and shape that meet the experimental requirements, ensuring that the sample surface is smooth and free of significant defects, and at the same time, checking for surface cracks or pores that do not meet the test standards;

[0036] Sample installation: Place the rock sample in the preparation mold of the thermoplastic sleeve 22, so that it is integrally formed with the thermoplastic sleeve 22 and fixed in the thermoplastic sleeve 22. Then install the thermoplastic sleeve 22 in the predetermined position in the insulation cavity 211, so that its upper and lower ends are respectively sealed and connected to the inner wall of the insulation cavity 211.

[0037] Temperature regulation during testing: Based on the simulated environmental conditions, the heat transfer oil in the oil storage tank 23 is heated by the temperature sensor 27 in conjunction with the delivery oil pump 26 and delivered to the circulation area to heat the rock sample. After the temperature of the rock sample stabilizes at the set temperature value, the delivery oil pump 26 is stopped. At this time, the oil inlet pipe 24 no longer delivers heat transfer oil to the insulation cavity 211. The heat transfer oil in the circulation area is returned to the oil storage tank 23 for storage via the oil outlet pipe 25.

[0038] Axial stress and osmotic pressure test: According to the simulated environmental conditions, the operation of three pressurizing mechanisms is controlled respectively. Pressure is applied to the side and top surfaces of the rock sample through the pressure rod 42. Then, the water supply system, together with two permeable stones 31, conducts an osmotic pressure test on the rock sample. The central control device 6 monitors the changes in parameters such as strain, stress, temperature and pressure of the rock sample in real time, analyzes the feedback and recorded data, and evaluates the changes in the mechanical behavior and physical properties of the rock sample.

[0039] Disturbance testing: After axial pressure, lateral pressure, and osmotic pressure have stabilized, a disturbance is applied according to a predetermined procedure, and the response of the rock sample to these disturbances is observed and recorded. Throughout the testing period, the set high pressure and high temperature conditions are maintained to study the effects of these factors on the rock properties.

[0040] Pressure release: After the rock fractures and breaks down, the experiment is completed. First, the applied osmotic pressure is gradually reduced, then the axial pressure and lateral pressure are reduced, and finally the pressure is completely released.

[0041] Sample removal and subsequent analysis: The thermoplastic sleeve 22 was destroyed to remove the rock sample for subsequent physical and chemical analysis to further understand its behavior and property changes during the experiment.

[0042] The testing equipment specified in this application can also be used to conduct osmotic pressure tests or disturbance-impact loading tests under high-temperature environments, depending on the testing requirements.

[0043] The experimental equipment specified in this application breaks through the limitations of current laboratory methods for deep rock mechanics problems, which only consider one influencing factor and ignore the environmental mechanics characteristics of the deep rock environment. Conventional true triaxial testing machines can only reproduce the high-pressure stress environment of deep rocks and cannot simultaneously consider the other three main influencing factors. In addition, it also includes a disturbance and impact device, encompassing all disturbance implementation methods from static to dynamic. At the same time, the use of a thermoplastic sleeve to fix the rock sample can also solve the problems of high-stress loading and insulation in high-temperature environments, and the sealing of water pressure injection under high temperature and high stress.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-function testing device for triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance of rocks, characterized in that: It includes a test bench, temperature control device, osmotic pressure control device, axial pressure loading device, and disturbance and impact device. A temperature control device for regulating the temperature of the rock sample testing environment includes an insulation box with an insulation cavity inside the test bench, a thermoplastic sleeve for fixing the rock sample inside the insulation cavity, an oil tank for storing heat-conducting oil, an oil inlet pipe for supplying heat-conducting oil to the insulation cavity between the insulation box and the oil tank, an oil outlet pipe connected between the insulation box and the oil tank, a heatable oil pump installed on the oil inlet pipe, and a temperature sensor installed on the oil inlet pipe. A circulation area for heat-conducting oil circulation is formed between the inner wall of the insulation cavity and the outer wall of the thermoplastic sleeve. The thermoplastic sleeve includes two connecting sections connected to the inner wall of the insulation cavity and one fixing section for fixing the rock sample between the two connecting sections. The osmotic pressure control device includes two permeable stones respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the rock sample in the two connecting sections, and a water supply system installed between the two connecting sections; The axial pressure loading device includes three pressurizing mechanisms respectively installed on opposite sides and above the test bench; The disturbance and impact device is provided in three parts, which are respectively connected to three pressurization mechanisms to conduct disturbance or impact tests on rock samples; The disturbance and impact device includes a disturbance and impact instrument, a guide sleeve extending downward on the pressure frame near the upper end of the pressure rod, an electromagnetic chuck at the upper end of the guide sleeve, a disturbance and impact rod that can be connected to the electromagnetic chuck and extends downward into the guide sleeve, a buffer pad at the top of the pressure rod opposite to the guide sleeve, and a force sensor in the buffer pad. It also includes a limiting pad rotatably mounted on the pressure frame and connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod, and a driving component mounted on the pressure frame to drive the limiting pad to rotate. The guide sleeve has a relief groove extending inward from its side. The driving component drives the limiting pad to rotate inside the guide sleeve, below the electromagnetic chuck, and connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod. When conducting an impact test on the rock, the driving component controls the limiting pad to rotate outward out of the relief groove, the disturbance impact rod is disconnected from the limiting pad, and is fixed in the guide sleeve by the electromagnetic chuck, with its lower end positioned above the buffer pad. Then, the disturbance impact instrument... The system operates by launching the disturbance impact rod at a set speed, causing it to strike the buffer pad. The impact force is then transmitted to the rock sample through the pressure rod, completing the impact test on the rock sample. When conducting a disturbance test on the rock, the connection between the electromagnetic chuck and the disturbance impact rod is disconnected, and the buffer pad is removed. The drive unit controls the limiting pad to rotate inward into the relief groove, connecting it to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod. The buffer pad is then reinstalled from the side on the upper end of the pressure rod, abutting against the lower end of the disturbance impact rod. The disturbance impact device then operates to vibrate the disturbance impact rod, conducting a disturbance test on the rock sample.

2. The rock triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance full-function testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the connecting section gradually increases outward from one end of the fixed section, and the connecting section is sealed to the upper or lower end of the insulation cavity.

3. The rock triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance full-function testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply system includes an inlet pipe that supplies water to the upper connecting section, an outlet pipe that communicates with the lower connecting section, an osmotic pump connected to the inlet pipe, a water storage tank connected to the outlet pipe, an upper drain valve on the inlet pipe, and a lower drain valve on the outlet pipe. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank, and the other end extends into the upper connecting section.

4. The rock triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance full-function testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing frame, a pressurizing rod that can move back and forth relative to the test bench, a movable frame that is movably mounted on the pressurizing frame for mounting the pressurizing rod, and two pressurizing cylinders respectively mounted on the pressurizing frame on both sides of the pressurizing rod.

5. The rock triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance full-function testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting pad is threadedly connected to the upper end of the disturbance impact rod.

6. The rock triaxial stress, osmotic pressure, temperature, and disturbance full-function testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an acoustic emission sensor located at the bottom of the insulation cavity, opposite to the connecting section below.

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