A floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of offshore buoys, and relates to a floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring, including a lower buoy, an upper buoy, a connecting guide ring, a guide tube, a driving motor and a driving turbine, wherein the upper buoy is connected to the top of the lower buoy, the top of the lower buoy is connected to a connecting steel cable, the outer peripheral wall of the lower buoy is connected to two connecting guide rings, a guide tube is slidably arranged between the two connecting guide rings, a driving motor is installed on the guide tube, and a driving turbine is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. When the present invention is in use, the marine environment can be monitored through a monitor, and during the monitoring process, the driving turbine can be driven to rotate by the driving motor, thereby driving the monitor to move, so as to adjust the monitoring direction; the piston plate can also be driven to move by the operation of the screw motor to pump seawater into the lower buoy, so that the lower buoy and the monitor sink together, and the depth of the monitor is adjusted to achieve a wider range of monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of marine buoys and relates to a floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oceanographic research, given that seawater is suffering from pollution from various sources, the hydrological environment of the ocean needs to be monitored. At this time, monitoring devices are needed to monitor the marine environment. These devices can operate around the clock without human supervision to collect data on various indicators of water quality, such as temperature, salinity, pH value, and pollutant concentration.

[0003] At present, when monitoring the marine environment, monitoring sensors are usually used to monitor the marine environment. During the detection, the sensors are fixedly installed in the sea water in relatively calm ocean areas to collect data (specifically coral reefs, shoal protected areas, marine protected areas, scientific research areas, etc.). However, this method can only provide fixed-point data monitoring during collection. Since the position of the sensor is fixed, it can only reflect the situation at that position and cannot capture wider changes in the marine environment. The overall monitoring range is small. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring, which can adjust the monitoring direction and depth to achieve wide-range monitoring.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring, comprising a lower buoy, an upper buoy, a connecting guide ring, a guide tube, a driving motor, a driving turbine, a monitor and a counterweight mechanism, wherein the upper buoy is connected to the top of the lower buoy, the bottom of the lower buoy is connected to a connecting steel cable, the outer peripheral wall of the lower buoy is connected to two connecting guide rings, a guide tube is slidably arranged between the two connecting guide rings, a driving motor is installed on the guide tube, a driving turbine is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, the monitor is installed at the bottom of the lower buoy for monitoring the environment of the seabed, and a counterweight mechanism is provided between the upper buoy and the lower buoy.

[0006] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a bevel gear 1 and a waterproof motor. The bevel gear 1 is fixedly connected to the lower buoy position between the two connecting guide rings. The waterproof motor is installed in the guide tube. The output shaft of the waterproof motor is connected to a bevel gear 2, and the bevel gear 2 is meshed with the bevel gear 1.

[0007] As an improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the counterweight mechanism includes a screw motor and a piston plate. The screw motor is installed in the middle position of the upper buoy. The screw of the screw motor passes through the upper buoy and the lower buoy. The piston plate is slidably connected in the lower buoy. The bottom of the screw of the screw motor is rotatably connected to the piston plate. A liquid inlet hole is opened at the bottom of the lower buoy.

[0008] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a power generation mechanism, which includes a transparent acrylic cover, a support frame, a photovoltaic panel and a battery. The top of the upper buoy is connected to a transparent acrylic cover, and four support frames are fixedly connected to the top of the upper buoy at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction. Each support frame is connected to a photovoltaic panel, and the four photovoltaic panels are connected to form a four-sided pyramid. The support frame is equipped with a battery, and the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery, and the monitor is electrically connected to the battery.

[0009] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes a pole, a warning light and a camera. The top of the transparent acrylic cover is connected to the pole, the top of the pole is equipped with a warning light, and the upper part of the pole is equipped with a camera. The warning light and the camera are both electrically connected to a battery.

[0010] As an improvement on the above scheme, it also includes a protective mechanism, which includes a rotating drum, an elastic member, a spiral disk, a telescopic tube, a protective plate, a cam and a transmission assembly. A rotating drum is rotatably connected to the middle of the bottom inner part of the upper buoy, an elastic member is connected between the rotating drum and the lower buoy, a plurality of telescopic tubes are evenly and slidably connected to the upper buoy along the circumferential direction, and a protective plate is connected to one end of the plurality of telescopic tubes away from each other, an upper and lower cam is connected to the position of the telescopic tube in the upper buoy, the upper and lower sides of the rotating drum are connected to spiral disks, and the spiral disk is evenly spaced with spiral grooves matching the number of sliding rods, the cams on the upper and lower sides of the sliding rod are respectively located in the spiral grooves of the upper and lower spiral disks, and a transmission assembly for driving the rotating drum to rotate is provided between the upper buoy and the screw motor.

[0011] As an improvement of the above scheme, the transmission assembly includes a sliding rod, a connecting plate and a convex ball. Four sliding rods are slidingly connected to the top of the upper float at even intervals along the circumferential direction. A connecting plate is connected between the tops of the four sliding rods. The connecting plate is rotatably connected to the top of the screw of the screw motor. A convex ball is connected to the bottom of the sliding rod. Four inclined grooves are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction in the rotating cylinder, and the four convex balls are respectively located in the four inclined grooves.

[0012] As an improvement on the above scheme, a buffer mechanism is also included, which includes a connecting ring, an inner rod, a piston block, an air guide tube, an air cushion and a baffle. The connecting ring is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder, and the connecting ring is evenly connected to the inner rods in the circumferential direction with the same number as the telescopic tube. The end of the telescopic tube extending into the upper buoy is connected to the baffle, and the inner rod passes through the baffle and extends into the telescopic tube. The position where the inner rod extends into the telescopic tube is connected to the piston block, two air guide tubes are connected to the telescopic tube, and the protective plate is connected to the air cushion. One end of the air guide tube extends into the air cushion, and the space between the piston block and the baffle inside the telescopic tube constitutes an air storage chamber, and the other end of the air guide tube extends into the air storage chamber.

[0013] As an improvement of the above scheme, it also includes an annular filter screen and a scraper rod. The bottom of the lower buoy is connected to the annular filter screen, the bottom of the guide tube is connected to the scraper rod, and the lower part of the scraper rod is in contact with the bottom of the annular filter screen.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. When the present invention is in use, it can monitor the marine environment through the monitor, and during the monitoring process, the drive motor can drive the drive turbine to rotate, thereby driving the monitor to move to adjust the monitoring direction; it can also drive the piston plate to move through the operation of the screw motor to pump seawater into the lower buoy, so that the lower buoy and the monitor sink together, adjust the depth of the monitor, and achieve wider range monitoring.

[0016] 2. During use, the present invention can protect the device through the protective plate and the air cushion, and when the lower buoy needs to sink, the protective plate and the air cushion can be retracted to reduce the buoyancy during sinking and ensure the smooth progress of the sinking work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of bevel gear 1, waterproof motor and bevel gear 2 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power generation mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection mechanism and the buffer mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the protection mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protection mechanism and the buffer mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of part A in .

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower buoy, the annular filter screen and the scraper rod of the present invention.

[0027] Names of the numbers in the figure: 1. Lower buoy, 2. Upper buoy, 21. Monitor, 3. Connecting steel cable, 4. Connecting guide ring, 5. Guide tube, 6. Drive motor, 7. Drive turbine, 81. Bevel gear 1, 82. Waterproof motor, 83. Bevel gear 2, 91. Transparent acrylic cover, 92. Support frame, 93. Photovoltaic panel, 94. Battery, 101. Pole, 102. Warning light, 103. Camera, 111. Screw motor, 112. Piston plate, 121, rotating drum, 1211, inclined groove, 1212, convex ball, 122, spiral disk, 123, sliding rod, 124, connecting plate, 125, telescopic tube, 126, protective plate, 127, convex shaft, 128, elastic member 1, 131, air cushion, 132, air guide pipe, 133, inner rod, 134, piston block, 135, connecting ring, 136, baffle, 137, air storage chamber, 14, annular filter, 15, scraper rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are used to illustrate the present application and are not limited to the scope of the present application. The implementation conditions adopted in the examples can be further adjusted according to the conditions of the specific manufacturer, and the implementation conditions not specified are usually the conditions in conventional experiments.

[0029] A floating device for monitoring marine environment hydrology, such as Figure 1-Figure 3As shown, it includes a lower buoy 1, an upper buoy 2, a connecting guide ring 4, a guide tube 5, a driving motor 6, a driving turbine 7, a monitor 21 and a counterweight mechanism. The upper buoy 2 is connected to the top of the lower buoy 1, and a connecting steel cable 3 is connected to the top of the lower buoy 1. The tail end of the connecting steel cable 3 is connected to the seabed to fix the lower buoy 1 on the sea. Two connecting guide rings 4 are connected to the outer peripheral wall of the lower buoy 1, and a guide tube 5 is slidably arranged between the two connecting guide rings 4. The guide tube 5 can slide in a circle along the connecting guide ring 4. Three liquid inlets are evenly spaced in the middle section of the guide tube 5. A driving motor 6 is installed on the left side of the guide tube 5. A driving turbine 7 is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 6, and the driving turbine 7 is located on the right side of the liquid inlet. The monitor 21 is installed at the bottom of the lower buoy 1 for monitoring the seabed environment. A counterweight mechanism is arranged between the upper buoy 2 and the lower buoy 1.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a bevel gear 81 and a waterproof motor 82. The bevel gear 81 is fixedly connected to the position of the lower buoy 1 between the two connecting guide rings 4. The waterproof motor 82 is installed in the guide tube 5. The output shaft of the waterproof motor 82 is connected with a bevel gear 2 83. The bevel gear 2 83 is meshed with the bevel gear 81. When the bevel gear 2 83 rotates, it will rotate along the bevel gear 81, thereby driving the waterproof motor 82 and the guide tube 5 to move to adjust the position of the guide tube 5.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the counterweight mechanism includes a screw motor 111 and a piston plate 112. The screw motor 111 is installed in the middle position of the upper buoy 2. The screw of the screw motor 111 passes through the upper buoy 2 and the lower buoy 1 and can slide on the upper buoy 2 and the lower buoy 1. The piston plate 112 is slidably connected in the lower buoy 1. The bottom of the screw of the screw motor 111 is rotatably connected to the piston plate 112. The operation of the screw motor 111 can drive the piston plate 112 to move up and down through the screw. A liquid inlet hole is opened at the bottom of the lower buoy 1, and the piston plate 112 blocks the liquid inlet hole in the initial state.

[0032] When it is necessary to monitor the marine environment, the floating device can be used for monitoring. When in use, the floating device is put into the seawater, and the lower buoy 1 and the upper buoy 2 make the device float on the ocean. The monitor 21 installed on the lower buoy 1 can monitor the components in the seawater environment. When monitoring, if the location of the monitored water area needs to be changed, the drive motor 6 can be controlled to drive the drive turbine 7 to rotate, so as to drive the floating device to move on the sea surface and adjust the location of the monitored water sample. When controlling the movement of the floating device, the waterproof motor 82 can also be used to drive the bevel gear 2 83 to rotate, so that the bevel gear 2 83 rotates along the bevel gear 1 81, thereby driving the entire guide The cylinder 5 is rotated along the lower buoy 1 to adjust its orientation, and then the driving motor 6 is controlled to drive the driving turbine 7 to rotate, so that the direction of movement of the entire floating device can be adjusted. When the depth of the detected water sample needs to be adjusted, the screw motor 111 can be controlled to control the upper screw to move upward, thereby driving the piston plate 112 to move upward. When the piston plate 112 moves upward, the seawater enters the lower buoy 1 through the liquid inlet hole, causing the lower buoy 1 to sink, thereby driving the monitor 21 to sink and adjust the depth of the water sample monitored in the ocean. In this way, the device can be used to monitor water samples in the ocean, and when monitoring, the depth and range of the monitored water samples can be adjusted, and the entire monitoring range is wider.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a power generation mechanism, which includes a transparent acrylic cover 91, a support frame 92, a photovoltaic panel 93 and a battery 94. The top of the upper buoy 2 is connected with a transparent acrylic cover 91, and the transparent acrylic cover 91 is a quadrangular pyramid. Four support frames 92 are evenly spaced and fixedly connected to the top of the upper buoy 2 along the circumferential direction. Each support frame 92 is connected with a photovoltaic panel 93. The four photovoltaic panels 93 are connected to form a quadrangular pyramid so that sunlight can penetrate the transparent acrylic cover 91 and shine on the photovoltaic panel 93 to assist the photovoltaic panel 93 in generating electricity. A battery 94 is installed on the support frame 92, and the photovoltaic panel 93 is electrically connected to the battery 94 so that the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 93 can be stored through the battery 94. The screw motor 111, the waterproof motor 82 and the monitor 21 are all electrically connected to the battery 94. The battery 94 can power the power equipment in the device without using an external power source, and the staff does not need to frequently replace the battery during use.

[0034] like Figure 2As shown, it also includes a pole 101, a warning light 102 and a camera 103. The top of the transparent acrylic cover 91 is connected to the pole 101, and the warning light 102 is installed on the top of the pole 101. The warning light 102 emits light to remind surrounding ships that there are objects here. The camera 103 is installed on the upper part of the pole 101. The camera 103 can be used to observe the sea environment around the device. The warning light 102 and the camera 103 are both electrically connected to the battery 94.

[0035] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a protection mechanism, which includes a rotating drum 121, an elastic member 128, a spiral disk 122, a telescopic tube 125, a protective plate 126, a cam 127 and a transmission assembly. The rotating drum 121 is rotatably connected to the middle of the bottom of the upper buoy 2, and the rotating drum 121 is located on the outside of the screw motor 111. An elastic member 128 is connected between the rotating drum 121 and the lower buoy 1, and the elastic member 128 is a torsion spring. A plurality of telescopic tubes 125 are slidably connected to the upper buoy 2 at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction, and the ends of the plurality of telescopic tubes 125 that are away from each other are all connected to a protective plate 126. The telescopic tube 125 is located in the upper buoy 2 and is connected to two upper and lower cam shafts 127. The upper and lower sides of the rotating drum 121 are connected to spiral disks 122. The spiral disks 122 are evenly spaced and have spiral grooves that match the number of sliding rods 123. The cam shafts 127 on the upper and lower sides of the sliding rod 123 are respectively located in the spiral grooves of the upper and lower spiral disks 122, so that the spiral disk 122 can drive the cam shafts 127 to move through the spiral grooves thereon when rotating, thereby driving the telescopic tube 125 to slide along the upper buoy 2. A transmission assembly for driving the rotating drum 121 to rotate is provided between the upper buoy 2 and the screw motor 111.

[0036] like Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a sliding rod 123, a connecting plate 124 and a convex ball 1212. Four sliding rods 123 are slidably connected to the top of the upper buoy 2 at uniform intervals along the circumferential direction. A connecting plate 124 is connected between the tops of the four sliding rods 123. The connecting plate 124 is rotatably connected to the top of the screw of the screw motor 111, so that the screw motor 111 can drive the connecting plate 124 to move up and down during operation. The bottom of the sliding rod 123 is connected to a convex ball 1212. Four inclined grooves 1211 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction in the rotating drum 121. The four convex balls 1212 are respectively located in the four inclined grooves 1211, so that the convex balls 1212 can squeeze the inclined grooves 1211 when moving, thereby driving the rotating drum 121 to rotate.

[0037] During the use of the monitoring device, if there are objects on the sea surface that hit the floating device, the device can be protected by the protective plate 126 to avoid hitting the device body and causing damage to the device. During the descent of the device, the upward movement of the screw of the screw motor 111 will drive the connecting plate 124 to move upward, and the upward movement of the connecting plate 124 can drive the sliding rod 123 to move upward. The upward movement of the sliding rod 123 drives the convex ball 1212 to squeeze the inclined groove 1211, thereby driving the rotating drum 121 to rotate. When the rotating drum 121 rotates, it drives the spiral disk 122 to rotate. The rotation of the spiral disk 122 drives the convex shaft 127 to move inward through the spiral groove, thereby driving the telescopic tube 125 and the protective plate 126 to move inward, and the protective plate 126 is retracted to reduce the buoyancy of the entire device, so that the entire device can be better retracted.

[0038] like Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a buffer mechanism is also included, which includes a connecting ring 135, an inner rod 133, a piston block 134, an air guide tube 132, an air cushion 131 and a baffle 136. The connecting ring 135 is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder 121, and the inner rods 133 of the same number as the telescopic tubes 125 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the connecting ring 135. The end of the telescopic tube 125 extending into the upper buoy 2 is connected to the baffle 136, and the inner rods 133 pass through the baffle 136. The inner rod 133 extends into the telescopic tube 125, and the position where the inner rod 133 extends into the telescopic tube 125 is connected to a piston block 134. The telescopic tube 125 is connected to two air guide tubes 132. The protective plate 126 is connected to an air cushion 131. One end of the air guide tube 132 extends into the air cushion 131. The space between the piston block 134 and the baffle 136 inside the telescopic tube 125 constitutes an air storage chamber 137. The other end of the air guide tube 132 extends into the air storage chamber 137.

[0039] When an object collides with the protective plate 126, the air cushion 131 can be used for buffering to reduce the impact force during the collision. In the process of retracting the protective plate 126, the movement of the telescopic tube 125 can make the inner rod 133 and the piston block 134 move in the telescopic tube 125, thereby increasing the space of the air storage chamber 137. At this time, the gas in the air cushion 131 can be sucked into the air storage chamber 137 through the air guide tube 132, and the air cushion 131 shrinks, thereby reducing the buoyancy of the device. In this way, when an object collides with the device, the impact force during the collision can be reduced without affecting the sinking of the device.

[0040] like Fig.10As shown, it also includes an annular filter 14 and a scraper rod 15. The bottom of the lower buoy 1 is connected to the annular filter 14, and the annular filter 14 is located below the liquid inlet hole to block impurities in the seawater and prevent impurities from entering the lower buoy 1 through the liquid inlet hole. The bottom of the guide tube 5 is connected to the scraper rod 15, and the lower part of the scraper rod 15 is in contact with the bottom of the annular filter 14. The scraper rod 15 can scrape off the impurities blocked at the bottom of the annular filter 14 when rotating, thereby playing a role in cleaning the impurities blocking the annular filter 14.

[0041] The present invention provides a method for using a floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0042] S1: The floating device is put into the seawater, and the lower buoy 1 and the upper buoy 2 make the device float on the ocean, and the monitor 21 installed on the lower buoy 1 can monitor the components in the seawater environment;

[0043] S2: When the location of the monitored water area needs to be changed, the driving motor 6 is controlled to drive the driving turbine 7 to rotate, so as to drive the floating device to move on the sea surface and adjust the location of the monitored water sample;

[0044] S3: When the moving direction needs to be adjusted, the waterproof motor 82 is controlled to drive the bevel gear 2 83 to rotate, so that the bevel gear 2 83 rotates along the bevel gear 1 81, thereby driving the entire guide cylinder 5 to rotate along the lower buoy 1 to adjust the direction. After the adjustment is completed, the driving motor 6 is controlled to drive the driving turbine 7 to rotate, so that the moving direction of the entire floating device can be adjusted;

[0045] S4: Control the operation of the screw motor 111 to control the upper screw to move upward, driving the piston plate 112 to move upward. When the piston plate 112 moves upward, the seawater enters the lower buoy 1 through the liquid inlet hole, causing the lower buoy 1 to sink, thereby driving the monitor 21 to sink, and adjusting the depth of the water sample in the ocean to be monitored. In this way, the present floating device can be used to monitor the marine environment.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating device for monitoring marine environment hydrology, characterized in that it includes: There are a lower buoy (1), an upper buoy (2), a connecting guide ring (4), a guide tube (5), a driving motor (6), a driving turbine (7), a monitor (21) and a counterweight mechanism, wherein the upper buoy (2) is connected to the top of the lower buoy (1), the bottom of the lower buoy (1) is connected to a connecting steel cable (3), the outer peripheral wall of the lower buoy (1) is connected to two connecting guide rings (4), a guide tube (5) is slidably arranged between the two connecting guide rings (4), the guide tube (5) is installed on the driving motor (6), the output shaft of the driving motor (6) is connected to the driving turbine (7), the monitor (21) is installed at the bottom of the lower buoy (1) and is used to monitor the seabed environment, and a counterweight mechanism is arranged between the upper buoy (2) and the lower buoy (1); The counterweight mechanism comprises a screw motor (111) and a piston plate (112), wherein the screw motor (111) is installed at a middle position of the upper buoy (2), a screw of the screw motor (111) passes through the upper buoy (2) and the lower buoy (1), the piston plate (112) is slidably connected inside the lower buoy (1), the bottom of the screw of the screw motor (111) is rotatably connected to the piston plate (112), and a liquid inlet hole is provided at the bottom of the lower buoy (1); The upper buoy (2) further comprises a protective mechanism, the protective mechanism comprising a rotating drum (121), an elastic member (128), a spiral disk (122), a telescopic tube (125), a protective plate (126), a cam (127) and a transmission assembly, the rotating drum (121) being rotatably connected in the middle of the bottom of the upper buoy (2), the elastic member (128) being connected between the rotating drum (121) and the lower buoy (1), a plurality of telescopic tubes (125) being slidably connected at even intervals along the circumferential direction of the upper buoy (2), and the ends of the plurality of telescopic tubes (125) being away from each other are all connected to the protective plate. (126), the telescopic tube (125) is located in the upper buoy (2) and is connected to two upper and lower convex shafts (127), the upper and lower sides of the rotating drum (121) are connected to spiral disks (122), the spiral disks (122) are evenly spaced and provided with spiral grooves whose number matches the number of the sliding rods (123), the convex shafts (127) on the upper and lower sides of the sliding rod (123) are respectively located in the spiral grooves of the upper and lower spiral disks (122), and a transmission assembly for driving the rotating drum (121) to rotate is provided between the upper buoy (2) and the screw motor (111); The transmission assembly comprises a sliding rod (123), a connecting plate (124) and a convex ball (1212); the top of the upper floating cylinder (2) is slidably connected to four sliding rods (123) at even intervals along the circumferential direction; a connecting plate (124) is connected between the tops of the four sliding rods (123); the connecting plate (124) is rotatably connected to the top of the screw of the screw motor (111); the bottom of the sliding rod (123) is connected to a convex ball (1212); four inclined grooves (1211) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction in the rotating cylinder (121); and the four convex balls (1212) are respectively located in the four inclined grooves (1211); The invention also comprises a buffer mechanism, the buffer mechanism comprising a connecting ring (135), an inner rod (133), a piston block (134), an air guide tube (132), an air cushion (131) and a baffle (136); the connecting ring (135) is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder (121); the inner rods (133) whose number is the same as that of the telescopic tubes (125) are evenly spaced and connected to the connecting ring (135) along the circumferential direction; one end of the telescopic tube (125) extending into the upper buoy (2) is connected to the baffle (136); the inner rods (133) extend through the baffle (136) to form a gas cushion; and the inner rods (133) extend through the baffle (136) to form a gas cushion. The inner rod (133) is inserted into the telescopic tube (125); a piston block (134) is connected to the position where the inner rod (133) extends into the telescopic tube (125); two air guide tubes (132) are connected to the telescopic tube (125); an air cushion (131) is connected to the protective plate (126); one end of the air guide tube (132) extends into the air cushion (131); the space between the piston block (134) and the baffle (136) inside the telescopic tube (125) forms an air storage chamber (137); the other end of the air guide tube (132) extends into the air storage chamber (137).

2. A floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bevel gear 1 (81) and a waterproof motor (82), wherein the bevel gear 1 (81) is fixedly connected to the lower buoy (1) between the two connecting guide rings (4), the waterproof motor (82) is installed in the guide tube (5), and the output shaft of the waterproof motor (82) is connected to a bevel gear 2 (83), and the bevel gear 2 (83) is meshed with the bevel gear 1 (81).

3. A floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power generation mechanism, which includes a transparent acrylic cover (91), a support frame (92), a photovoltaic panel (93) and a storage battery (94). The top of the upper buoy (2) is connected to the transparent acrylic cover (91). The top of the upper buoy (2) is fixedly connected to four support frames (92) at even intervals along the circumferential direction. Each support frame (92) is connected to a photovoltaic panel (93). The four photovoltaic panels (93) are connected to form a quadrangular pyramid. The storage battery (94) is installed on the support frame (92). The photovoltaic panel (93) is electrically connected to the storage battery (94). The monitor (21) is electrically connected to the storage battery (94).

4. A floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a vertical pole (101), a warning light (102) and a camera (103); the top of the transparent acrylic cover (91) is connected to the vertical pole (101); the top of the vertical pole (101) is equipped with a warning light (102); the upper part of the vertical pole (101) is equipped with a camera (103); and the warning light (102) and the camera (103) are both electrically connected to a storage battery (94).

5. A floating device for marine environment hydrological monitoring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an annular filter screen (14) and a scraper rod (15); the bottom of the lower buoy (1) is connected to the annular filter screen (14); the bottom of the guide tube (5) is connected to the scraper rod (15); the lower part of the scraper rod (15) is in contact with the bottom of the annular filter screen (14).

Images