Damping-adjustable shock absorber and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a damping-adjustable shock absorber and a vehicle. The damping-adjustable shock absorber comprises an oil storage cylinder assembly and a piston rod assembly. The oil storage cylinder assembly comprises a shell, a working cylinder and a bottom valve. The bottom valve separates the inside of the shell into a first space and a second space. The working cylinder is located in the first space. The shell is provided with a first oil passing hole and a second oil passing hole which are arranged along the axial direction. The first oil passing hole is in fluid communication with the first space and the outside of the shell. The second oil passing hole is in fluid communication with the second space and the outside of the shell. The piston rod assembly is movably connected to the working cylinder along the axial direction of the shell. When the hydraulic pressure of the bottom valve is towards the first space, the bottom valve allows the oil to flow from the second space into the working cylinder to push the piston rod assembly to rise. When the hydraulic pressure of the bottom valve is towards the second space, the bottom valve allows the oil to flow from the working cylinder into the second space to drive the piston rod assembly to descend. The application can realize the active lifting of the piston rod assembly and meet the demand of the vehicle for the active lifting function of the shock absorber.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, and more particularly to a damping-adjustable shock absorber and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shock absorber in the related art has two electromagnetic valve assemblies. The two electromagnetic valve assemblies are respectively used to adjust the rebound damping force and the compression damping force. Since the two electromagnetic valve assemblies share an oil drain chamber, the shock absorber in the related art also belongs to a passive shock absorber, and cannot realize active lifting of a rod member, which is difficult to meet the demand of the vehicle on the active lifting function of the shock absorber. SUMMARY

[0003] The concepts introduced in the summary section are in a simplified form, which will be further described in detail in the specific embodiments section. The summary section of the present application does not mean to attempt to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solutions, nor to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solutions.

[0004] To at least partially solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a damping-adjustable shock absorber, which comprises:

[0005] an oil storage cylinder assembly, the oil storage cylinder assembly comprising a housing, a working cylinder and a bottom valve, the bottom valve being connected to the inside of the housing to divide the inside space of the housing into a first space and a second space arranged along the axial direction of the housing, the working cylinder being located in the first space, the housing being provided with a first oil passage hole and a second oil passage hole arranged at intervals along the axial direction, the first oil passage hole being in fluid communication with the first space and the outside of the housing, and the second oil passage hole being in fluid communication with the second space and the outside of the housing; and

[0006] a piston rod assembly, the piston rod assembly being movably connected to the inside of the working cylinder along the axial direction,

[0007] wherein the bottom valve is configured such that, when the resultant hydraulic pressure acting on the bottom valve is directed towards the first space, the bottom valve allows oil to flow from the second space into the working cylinder to push the piston rod assembly to rise; and when the resultant hydraulic pressure acting on the bottom valve is directed towards the second space, the bottom valve allows oil to flow from the working cylinder into the second space to drive the piston rod assembly to descend.

[0008] The damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the first aspect of the present application separates the interior space of the shell by the bottom valve, so that the first space and the second space are separated from each other. When the first oil passage and the second oil passage of the oil reservoir cylinder assembly are connected to the external hydraulic pump assembly, it is helpful to actively adjust the lifting of the piston rod assembly by the hydraulic pump assembly, so as to achieve the purpose of active lifting of the piston rod assembly, and further meet the demand of the vehicle for the active lifting function of the shock absorber, so as to better adjust the body posture, suppress the pitch and roll of the vehicle, etc. Since the first space and the second space are separated from each other, the problem of hydraulic short circuit, abnormal lifting function, etc. can be effectively prevented during the adjustment of the active lifting of the piston rod assembly.

[0009] Optionally, the working cylinder is connected to the first space to separate the first space into a first cavity and a working cavity arranged along a radial direction from outside to inside, the piston rod assembly comprises a piston member, the piston member is located in the working cavity to separate the working cavity into a first working cavity and a second working cavity, the second working cavity is closer to the bottom valve than the first working cavity along the axial direction, and the first working cavity is in fluid communication with the first cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber further comprises:

[0011] a first damping valve assembly connected to the outer side of the shell, the first damping valve assembly being connected in series between the first cavity and the first working cavity; and

[0012] a second damping valve assembly connected to the second space, a compression cavity being enclosed between the second damping valve assembly, the bottom valve and the shell, the compression cavity being in fluid communication with the outside of the shell via the second oil passage, and the second damping valve assembly being connected in series between the compression cavity and the bottom valve.

[0013] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber further comprises:

[0014] a hydraulic pump assembly located outside the shell, the hydraulic pump assembly being in fluid communication with the first oil passage and the second oil passage, the hydraulic pump assembly being configured to pump oil to or from the first oil passage or the second oil passage.

[0015] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber further comprises:

[0016] a recovery accumulator connected in series between the hydraulic pump assembly and the first cavity, the recovery accumulator being configured to store oil.

[0017] Optionally, the recovery accumulator is connected in series between the first oil passage and the hydraulic pump assembly.

[0018] Optionally, the adjustable damper further comprises:

[0019] a compression accumulator connected in series between the hydraulic pump assembly and the compression chamber, the compression accumulator being configured to store oil.

[0020] Optionally, the compression accumulator is located outside the housing and connected in series between the second oil passage and the hydraulic pump assembly.

[0021] Optionally, the bottom valve comprises:

[0022] a bottom valve body portion having a compression hole and a compensation hole, the compression hole being fluidly connected to the second damper valve assembly and the second working chamber, the compensation hole being correspondingly arranged with the compression chamber; and

[0023] a compensation valve portion movably covering the compensation hole, the compensation valve portion being configured to open the compensation hole when a hydraulic resultant force is applied along the axial direction towards the first space, and to close the compensation hole when the hydraulic resultant force is applied along the axial direction towards the second space.

[0024] Optionally, the bottom valve comprises a first stop surface, an inner side of the housing is configured with a second stop surface adapted to the first stop surface, the first stop surface and the second stop surface are abutted with each other to prevent the bottom valve from moving along the axial direction towards the second space.

[0025] Optionally, a radial dimension of the first stop surface decreases in a direction parallel to the axial direction and towards the second space.

[0026] Optionally, the second damper valve assembly comprises a transition joint, the second damper valve assembly has an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole, the oil inlet hole is arranged in the transition joint at least along the axial direction, the oil outlet hole is fluidly connected to the compression chamber; the bottom valve body portion comprises a compression oil passage joint adapted to the transition joint, the compression hole extends along the axial direction and penetrates through the compression oil passage joint, the compression oil passage joint is connected to the transition joint.

[0027] Optionally, the piston member comprises:

[0028] a piston body portion having a second through hole; and

[0029] A flow valve part movably covers the second through hole, and is configured to open the second through hole to allow oil to flow from the second working chamber to the first working chamber when a hydraulic force is applied to the flow valve part along the axial direction.

[0030] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber further comprises:

[0031] A guide sleeve assembly is connected to the working cylinder and located on a side of the piston member away from the bottom valve along the axial direction.

[0032] The piston member is located between the guide sleeve assembly and the bottom valve along the axial direction.

[0033] The piston rod assembly further comprises a rod member movably penetrating the guide sleeve assembly along the axial direction and a limiting member sleeved on an outer portion of the rod member, the limiting member being located between the piston member and the guide sleeve assembly along the axial direction and spaced apart from the piston member along the axial direction, and a radial outer dimension of the limiting member being smaller than a radial inner dimension of the working cylinder.

[0034] Optionally, the first damping valve assembly and the second damping valve assembly each comprise a throttle valve, and at least one of the first damping valve assembly and the second damping valve assembly comprises a check valve.

[0035] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber further comprises:

[0036] An intermediate cylinder is sleeved on an outer side of the working cylinder and located in the first cavity, the intermediate cylinder being connected to the bottom valve along the axial direction, and the intermediate cylinder dividing the first cavity into a recovery cavity and an intermediate cavity arranged from outside to inside along a radial direction, the recovery cavity being in fluid communication with the first oil passage and the intermediate cavity, and the intermediate cavity being in fluid communication with the first working chamber.

[0037] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber further comprises a fork arm, the fork arm being provided with a mounting hole, and the fork arm being configured with a third stop surface extending along a radial direction in the mounting hole.

[0038] The housing has a first end and a second end along an axial direction of the housing, an end portion of the second end of the housing is configured with a fourth stop surface matched with the third stop surface, the second end of the housing is inserted into the mounting hole, and the fourth stop surface and the third stop surface are in abutment with each other to prevent the fork arm from moving along the axial direction of the housing towards the first end.

[0039] Optionally, the fork arm is further provided with a notch, which is located on the side of the mounting hole, the notch is radially connected to the mounting hole and the outside of the fork arm, and the notch penetrates the fork arm axially, and the fork arm includes a pair of connecting ears, which are respectively located on both sides of the notch, and the connecting ears are used to connect fasteners to clamp the shell.

[0040] Optionally, the second damping valve assembly is configured as a solenoid valve.

[0041] The adjustable damping shock absorber further includes a cable connected to the second damping valve assembly and extending along the axial direction through the mounting hole to the outside of the fork arm.

[0042] A second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0043] axles;

[0044] body; and

[0045] In the above-mentioned adjustable damping shock absorber, one of the oil storage cylinder assembly and the piston rod assembly is connected to the vehicle axle, and the other of the oil storage cylinder assembly and the piston rod assembly is connected to the vehicle body.

[0046] According to the vehicle of the second aspect of the present application, by applying the above-mentioned adjustable damping shock absorber, it is possible to meet the vehicle's demand for the active lifting function of the shock absorber, so as to better adjust the vehicle body posture, suppress the vehicle pitch and roll, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The following drawings of the embodiments of the present application are hereby incorporated as part of the present application for understanding the present application. The drawings show the embodiments of the present application and their descriptions, and are used to explain the principles of the present application. In the drawings,

[0048] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a damping adjustable shock absorber according to a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial perspective view of a damping adjustable shock absorber is shown;

[0050] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A perspective view of the adjustable damping shock absorber with the wishbone removed is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 for Figure 1 a perspective view of the fork arm shown;

[0052] Figure 5 for Figure 1 a cross-sectional view of the base shown; and

[0053] Figure 6 For Figure 1 a bottom valve. Reference numeral explanation:

[0054] 100: oil reservoir cylinder assembly 100a: recovery chamber

[0055] 100b: first working chamber 100c: second working chamber

[0056] 100d: intermediate chamber 100e: compression chamber

[0057] 110: bottom valve 111: bottom valve body part

[0058] 111a: first stop surface 111b: compression hole

[0059] 111c: compensation hole 111d: compression oil passage joint

[0060] 112: compensation valve part 120: housing

[0061] 121: oil reservoir cylinder 122: base

[0062] 122a: first oil passage hole 122b: second oil passage hole

[0063] 122c: recovery oil passage hole 122d: second stop surface

[0064] 122e: fourth stop surface 122f: fourth fitting surface

[0065] 122g: fifth fitting surface 122h: first port

[0066] 122m: second port 130: intermediate cylinder

[0067] 130a: intermediate oil passage hole 140: working cylinder

[0068] 140a: working oil passage hole 150: connecting block

[0069] 150a: first oil inlet and outlet hole 150b: second oil inlet and outlet hole

[0070] 160: valve seat 170: guide sleeve assembly

[0071] 170a: first outer fitting surface 170b: second outer fitting surface

[0072] 170c: third outer fitting surface 171: oil seal assembly

[0073] 200: piston rod assembly 210: rod member

[0074] 220: piston member 221: piston body portion

[0075] 221a: second through hole 222: flow passage valve portion

[0076] 230: position limiting member 250: cushioning member

[0077] 300: first damping valve assembly 310: throttle valve

[0078] 320: check valve 500: second damping valve assembly

[0079] 500a: oil inlet hole 500b: oil outlet hole

[0080] 510: second damping valve body 520: end cover

[0081] 530: transition joint 530a: first through hole

[0082] 550: cable 560: solenoid coil

[0083] 600: hydraulic pump assembly 700: recovery accumulator

[0084] 710: compression accumulator 720: first oil pipe

[0085] 730: second oil pipe 800: fork arm

[0086] 800a: mounting hole 800b: third stop surface

[0087] 800c: notch 800d: connecting lug

[0088] 900: spring support seat DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0089] In the following description, numerous specific details are given to provide a thorough understanding of the application. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the application can be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the application.

[0090] To thoroughly understand the present application, a detailed description will be given in the following description. It is apparent that the implementation of the present application is not limited to the special details familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0091] It is to be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting of the present application, and that singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. When the term "comprising" or "including" is used in the specification, it is taken to mean that there are other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof, as well as equivalents thereof, which are not specifically recited in the specification. The terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "right," "left," and similar terms are used only for the purpose of illustration and are not limiting.

[0092] The ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" used in the present application are used merely to identify the components of the application, and do not have any other meaning. Also, the term "first component" does not mean that the "second component" is necessarily required, and the term "second component" does not mean that the "first component" is necessarily required.

[0093] Hereinafter, a detailed description will be made of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate representative embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0094] The present application provides a damper-adjustable shock absorber. The damper-adjustable shock absorber is used for a vehicle. The damper-adjustable shock absorber can be, for example, a part of a suspension assembly of the vehicle. The vehicle can include an axle (not shown) and a vehicle body (not shown). The damper-adjustable shock absorber is connected between the vehicle body and the axle to dampen or attenuate a vibration received by the vehicle body.

[0095] Hereinafter, a detailed description will be made of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate representative embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Figures 1 to 6 The illustrated embodiments will be described in detail with respect to the damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present application.

[0096] The damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present applicationapplicationinclude an oil reservoir cylinder assembly 100 and a piston rod assembly 200. The oil reservoir cylinder assembly 100applicationinclude a housing 120, a working cylinder 140 and a bottom valve 110. The housing 120applicationbe a structure with a circular or nearly circular cross section. The housing 120applicationhave a generally cylindrical outer shape with different radial outer dimensions at different axial positions, such as a variable diameter. In the mounted state of the damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present application mounted to a vehicle, the axial direction of the housing 120applicationbe generally along the height direction of the vehicle, i.e. the axial direction of the housing 120applicationnot be parallel to the horizontal direction in the mounted state. The bottom valve 110applicationbe connected to the inside of the housing 120 to divide the inside of the housing 120 into a first space and a second space arranged in the axial direction. The working cylinder 140applicationbe connected to the first space. The housing 120applicationhave a first oil passage hole 122a and a second oil passage hole 122b arranged in the axial direction. The first oil passage hole 122aapplicationbe in fluid communication with the first space and the outside of the housing 120. The second oil passage hole 122bapplicationbe in fluid communication with the second space and the outside of the housing 120. The first oil passage hole 122a and the second oil passage hole 122bapplicationbe used to connect an external hydraulic pump assembly 600, respectively. The piston rod assembly 200applicationbe movably connected to the working cylinder 140 in the axial direction of the housing 120.

[0097] The bottom valve 110applicationbe configured such that:

[0098] When the hydraulic resultant force on the bottom valve 110applicationbe towards the first space, the bottom valve 110applicationallow oil to flow from the second space into the inner cavity of the working cylinder 140 to push the piston rod assembly 200 to rise, such as to realize the extension movement of the piston rod assembly 200. When the hydraulic resultant force on the bottom valve 110applicationbe towards the second space, the bottom valve 110applicationallow oil to flow from the working cylinder 140 into the second space to drive the piston rod assembly 200 to descend, such as to realize the retraction movement of the piston rod assembly 200.

[0099] The damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present applicationapplicationdivide the inside of the housing 120 by the bottom valve 110 to separate the first cavity and the second space from each other. When the first oil passage hole 122a and the second oil passage hole 122b of the oil reservoir cylinder assembly 100applicationbe connected to the external hydraulic pump assembly 600, itapplicationbe helpful to actively adjust the lifting of the piston rod assembly 200 by the hydraulic pump assembly 600, so as to realize the active lifting of the piston rod assembly 200, and thus meet the demand of the vehicle for the active lifting function of the shock absorber, so as to better adjust the body posture of the vehicle, suppress the pitch and roll of the vehicle, etc. Since the first cavity and the second space are separated from each other, itapplicationbe possible to effectively prevent hydraulic short circuit, abnormal lifting function, etc. during the adjustment of the active lifting of the piston rod assembly 200.

[0100] Further, the working cylinder 140 is arranged in axial direction and connected to the bottom valve 110 to divide the first space into the first chamber and the working chamber arranged in radial direction from outside to inside. The first chamber is fluidly connected to the first oil passage 122a. The piston rod assembly 200 can include a piston member 220. The piston member 220 is located in the working chamber to divide the working chamber into a first working chamber 100b and a second working chamber 100c. The second working chamber 100c is closer to the bottom valve 110 in axial direction than the first working chamber 100b. The first working chamber 100b is fluidly connected to the first chamber. The second working chamber 100c is fluidly connected to the second space via the bottom valve 110. When the first oil passage 122a and the second oil passage 122b are connected to the external hydraulic pump assembly 600 respectively, the oil pressure of the first working chamber 100b and the second working chamber 100c can be adjusted by the external hydraulic pump assembly 600, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the active lifting of the piston rod assembly 200.

[0101] In addition, the adjustable damping shock absorber can further include a first damping valve assembly 300 and a second damping valve assembly 500. The first damping valve assembly 300 is connected to the outer side of the housing 120. The first damping valve assembly 300 is connected in series between the first chamber and the first working chamber 100b. The second damping valve assembly 500 is connected to the second space. The second damping valve assembly 500, the bottom valve 110 and the housing 120 form a compression chamber 100e. The compression chamber 100e is fluidly connected to the outside of the housing 120 via the second oil passage 122b. The second damping valve assembly 500 is connected in series between the compression chamber 100e and the bottom valve 110. By arranging the first damping valve assembly 300 and the second damping valve assembly 500, the damping force acting on the piston rod assembly 200 in axial direction can be adjusted. Thus, the purpose of adjusting the speed of the piston rod assembly 200 in axial direction is achieved.

[0102] Further, the damper-adjustable shock absorber can further include a hydraulic pump assembly 600. The hydraulic pump assembly 600 is located outside the housing 120. The hydraulic pump assembly 600 is in fluid communication with the first oil passage hole 122a and the second oil passage hole 122b. The hydraulic pump assembly 600 is configured to pump oil to or from the first oil passage hole 122a or the second oil passage hole 122b. By pumping oil to the first oil passage hole 122a or pumping oil from the second oil passage hole 122b via the hydraulic pump assembly 600, a positive pressure difference from the first working chamber 100b to the second working chamber 100c can be generated at the piston member 220, thereby assisting the piston member 220 to move towards the second space, and thus achieving the purpose of active retraction of the piston rod assembly 200. Here, the process of pumping oil to the first oil passage hole 122a via the hydraulic pump assembly 600 and the process of pumping oil from the second oil passage hole 122b via the hydraulic pump assembly 600 can be performed simultaneously. By pumping oil to the second oil passage hole 122b or pumping oil from the first oil passage hole 122a via the hydraulic pump assembly 600, a positive pressure difference from the second working chamber 100c to the first working chamber 100b can be generated at the piston member 220, thereby assisting the piston member 220 to move away from the second space, and thus achieving the purpose of active extension of the piston rod assembly 200. Here, the process of pumping oil to the second oil passage hole 122b via the hydraulic pump assembly 600 and the process of pumping oil from the first oil passage hole 122a via the hydraulic pump assembly 600 can be performed simultaneously.

[0103] Further, the damper-adjustable shock absorber can further include one or both of a recovery accumulator 700 and a compression accumulator 710.

[0104] The recovery accumulator 700 is connected in series in an oil passage between the hydraulic pump assembly 600 and the recovery chamber 100a. The recovery accumulator 700 is configured to store oil. For example, the recovery accumulator 700 can be used to temporarily store oil output from the first oil passage hole 122a to the outside of the housing 120. For another example, the recovery accumulator 700 can be used to temporarily store oil pumped from the second oil passage hole 122b by the hydraulic pump assembly 600. Alternatively, the recovery accumulator 700 can be used to temporarily store oil output from the first oil passage hole 122a to the outside of the housing 120 and to temporarily store oil pumped from the second oil passage hole 122b by the hydraulic pump assembly 600.

[0105] The compression accumulator 710 is provided in the oil passage between the hydraulic pump assembly 600 and the compression chamber 100e. The compression accumulator 710 is used to store oil. For example, the compression accumulator 710 can be used to temporarily store oil output from the second oil passage hole 122b to the outside of the housing 120. For another example, the compression accumulator 710 can be used to temporarily store oil drawn from the first oil passage hole 122a by the hydraulic pump assembly 600. Alternatively, the compression accumulator 710 can be used to temporarily store both oil output from the second oil passage hole 122b to the outside of the housing 120 and oil drawn from the first oil passage hole 122a by the hydraulic pump assembly 600

[0106] Optionally, the damper-adjustable shock absorber includes at least one restoring accumulator 700. At least one of the at least one restoring accumulator 700 is located outside the housing 120 and in series between the first oil passage hole 122a and the hydraulic pump assembly 600. The compression accumulator 710 is located outside the housing 120 and in series between the second oil passage hole 122b and the hydraulic pump assembly 600. This helps to reduce the occupation of the internal space of the housing 120, thereby helping to improve the utilization of the internal space of the housing 120 and achieve the miniaturization of the external dimensions of the oil storage cylinder assembly 100.

[0107] In the illustrated example, the damper-adjustable shock absorber includes one restoring accumulator 700 and one compression accumulator 710. The restoring accumulator 700 and the compression accumulator 710 are both provided outside the housing 120.

[0108] For example, the bottom valve 110 can include a bottom valve body part 111 and a compensation valve part 112. The bottom valve body part 111 has a compression hole 111b and a compensation hole 111c. The compression hole 111b is in fluid communication with the second damping valve assembly 500 and the second working chamber 100c. The compensation hole 111c is arranged corresponding to the compression chamber 100e. The compensation valve part 112 is movably arranged on the compensation hole 111c. The compensation valve part 112 is configured to open the compensation hole 111c when the hydraulic force acting on it is in the axial direction towards the first space or the second working chamber 100c, so that the compensation hole 111c is in fluid communication with the compression chamber 100e and the second working chamber 100c, thereby enabling the oil to flow from the compression chamber 100e to the second working chamber 100c. The compensation valve part 112 is configured to close the compensation hole 111c when the hydraulic force acting on it is in the axial direction away from the first space or the second working chamber 100c. The compression hole 111b and the compensation hole 111c are in parallel relationship, when the hydraulic force acting on the bottom valve 110 is in the direction of the first space, the oil in the compression chamber 100e can flow into the working cylinder 140 through the compensation hole 111c; when the hydraulic force acting on the bottom valve 110 is in the direction of the second space, the oil in the working cylinder 140 can flow into the 530a, then into the second damping valve assembly 500, and then into the compression chamber 100e after being throttled by the second damping valve assembly 500. The bottom valve 110 can be understood as being composed of two one-way valves in parallel, allowing oil to flow in both directions, but the flow paths of each are different.

[0109] For example, the bottom valve 110 can include a first stop surface 111a. The inner side of the housing 120 is configured with a second stop surface 122d adapted to the first stop surface 111a. The first stop surface 111a and the second stop surface 122d are in close contact with each other to prevent the bottom valve 110 from moving in the axial direction towards the second space. The cooperation between the first stop surface 111a and the second stop surface 122d between the bottom valve 110 and the housing 120 achieves axial positioning and positioning without the need for additional parts or components, reducing the number of parts and components, and also facilitating a more compact and reasonable internal structure of the shock absorber.

[0110] Further, the radial dimension of the first stop surface 111a decreases in the direction parallel to the axial direction and towards the second space. This helps to increase the contact area between the bottom valve 110 and the housing 120, thereby improving the force performance and improving the structural stability.

[0111] Further, the first stop surface 111a of the bottom valve 110 can be a 360° annular spherical surface or a 360° annular conical surface. Correspondingly, the second stop surface 122d of the housing 120 is also a 360° annular spherical surface or a 360° annular conical surface matching the first stop surface 111a. Here, the 360° annular spherical surface can be understood as a spherical surface or a conical surface in an annular shape extending circumferentially around the central axis of the housing 120. The surface area of the annular spherical surface here can be less than half of the surface area of a complete spherical surface.

[0112] In the illustrated example, the first stop surface 111a and the second stop surface 122d can both be 360° annular spherical surfaces.

[0113] Further, the adjustable damping shock absorber can further include a transition joint 530. The transition joint 530 is axially located between the bottom valve 110 and the second damping valve assembly 500. The axial direction of the transition joint 530 in the mounted state is parallel to the axial direction of the housing 120. The transition joint 530 has a first through hole 530a extending axially therethrough. The second damping valve assembly 500 has an oil inlet hole 500a and an oil outlet hole 500b. The oil inlet hole 500a is used for the inflow of oil. The oil outlet hole 500b is used for the outflow of oil. The oil outlet hole 500b is in fluid communication with the compression chamber 100e. The bottom valve body 111 includes a compression oil passage joint 111d adapted to the transition joint 530. The compression hole 111b extends axially and penetrates the compression oil passage joint 111d. The compression oil passage joint 111d is connected to the transition joint 530. The compression oil passage joint 111d and the transition joint 530 are axially connected to each other. And the oil inlet hole 500a is in communication with the first through hole 530a. When the transition joint 530 is mounted to the bottom valve 110, the compression oil passage joint 111d is in axial communication with the oil inlet hole 500a.

[0114] Further, the compression oil passage joint 111d and the transition joint 530 can be connected in a detachable manner by abutting against each other in the axial direction, etc. Alternatively, the compression oil passage joint 111d and the transition joint 530 can be connected in a fixed manner by welding, etc.

[0115] In the illustrated example, the second damping valve assembly 500 includes a second damping valve body 510 and an end cover 520. The end cover 520 is connected to the second damping valve body 510 and is located at the oil inlet hole 500a. The end cover 520 is configured as an annular member. The oil inlet hole 500a is at least partially located in the end cover 520. One end of the transition joint 530 in the axial direction abuts against the end cover 520, and the other end of the transition joint 530 in the axial direction abuts against the compression oil passage joint 111d. Thus, the second working chamber 100c is in fluid communication with the second damping valve assembly 500 in sequence via the compression hole 111b, the first through hole 530a, and the oil inlet hole 500a.

[0116] In an unillustrated example, the transition joint 530 can be part of the second damping valve assembly 500. For example, the transition joint 530 can be configured integrally with the end cover 520 described above, or the two can be fixedly connected.

[0117] For example, the piston member 220 can include a piston body portion 221 and a flow valve portion 222. The piston body portion 221 has a second through hole 221a. The flow valve portion 222 is movably covered on the second through hole 221a. The flow valve portion 222 is configured to open the second through hole 221a when a hydraulic force acting thereon is in the axial direction toward the first working chamber 100b, to allow oil to flow from the second working chamber 100c to the first working chamber 100b. By providing the second through hole 221a and the flow valve portion 222, the purpose of overloading protection of the second working chamber 100c and even the working cylinder 140 can be achieved, thereby preventing the second working chamber 100c from being overloaded during the rapid retraction of the piston rod assembly 200.

[0118] In addition, the damper-adjustable shock absorber can further include a guide sleeve assembly 170. The guide sleeve assembly 170 is connected to the working cylinder 140 and is located on the side of the piston member 220 away from the bottom valve 110 in the axial direction. The piston member 220 is located axially between the guide sleeve assembly 170 and the bottom valve 110. The piston rod assembly 200 can further include a rod member 210 and a limiting member 230. The rod member 210 is movably disposed in the guide sleeve assembly 170 in the axial direction of the housing 120. The limiting member 230 is sleeved on the outside of the rod member 210. The limiting member 230 is located axially between the piston member 220 and the guide sleeve assembly 170. The limiting member 230 is spaced apart from the piston member 220 in the axial direction. The radial outer dimension of the limiting member 230 is smaller than the radial inner dimension of the working cylinder 140. By providing the guide sleeve assembly 170, the movement of the rod member 210 in the axial direction can be guided. By providing the limiting member 230, the piston member 220 can be prevented from completely compressing the first working chamber 100b when moving axially away from the bottom valve 110 to the limit position, i.e. to ensure that the first working chamber 100b always exists. Similarly, the piston rod assembly 200 can further include another limiting structure (not labeled). The limiting structure is located in the second working chamber 100c and is connected to the rod member 210, for preventing the piston member 220 from completely compressing the second working chamber 100c when moving axially toward the bottom valve 110 to the limit position, thereby ensuring that the second working chamber 100c always exists.

[0119] Further, the piston rod assembly 200 can further include a buffer member 250. The buffer member 250 is located on the side of the limiting member 230 away from the bottom valve 110 in the axial direction and is fixed relative to the limiting member 230. The buffer member 250 is configured as a soft elastic structure. The soft elastic structure can be one of rubber, silicone rubber, silica gel, etc.

[0120] For example, the first damping valve assembly 300 and the second damping valve assembly 500 each can include a throttle valve 310. At least one of the first damping valve assembly 300 and the second damping valve assembly 500 includes a check valve 320.

[0121] Further, the first damping valve assembly 300 includes the check valve 320 and the throttle valve 310 in parallel with each other. The check valve 320 and the throttle valve 310 in parallel constitute a combined valve. The combined valve is connected in series between the working oil hole 140a of the working cylinder 140 and the recovery oil hole 122c of the housing 120. The check valve 320 allows oil to flow from the recovery chamber 100a to the first working chamber 100b via the intermediate chamber 100d. The throttle valve 310 throttles oil flowing from the first working chamber 100b to the recovery chamber 100a via the intermediate chamber 100d. The second damping valve assembly 500 includes the throttle valve 310. The throttle valve 310 throttles oil flowing therethrough.

[0122] Optionally, the first damping valve assembly 300 and the second damping valve assembly 500 can optionally employ solenoid valves having corresponding functions. By controlling the throttling performance of the first damping valve assembly 300 and the second damping valve assembly 500, the purpose of adjusting the damping force and the active lifting speed of the piston rod can be achieved.

[0123] Optionally, the second end portion of the housing 120 in the axial direction can be provided with a fitting hole. The fitting hole has a radially extending annular fifth fitting surface 122g. The second damping valve assembly 500 is installed in the fitting hole and abuts against the fifth fitting surface 122g to prevent the second damping valve assembly 500 from moving towards the bottom valve 110, thereby achieving axial positioning between the second damping valve assembly 500 and the housing 120.

[0124] In addition, the damper-adjustable shock absorber can further include an intermediate cylinder 130. The intermediate cylinder 130 is sleeved outside the working cylinder 140 and located in the first chamber. The intermediate cylinder 130 is connected to the bottom valve 110 in the axial direction. The intermediate cylinder 130 divides the first chamber into the recovery chamber 100a and the intermediate chamber 100d arranged radially from the outside to the inside. The recovery chamber 100a is in fluid communication with the first oil hole 122a and the intermediate chamber 100d. The intermediate chamber 100d is in fluid communication with the first working chamber 100b. The intermediate oil hole 130a is arranged axially spaced apart from the working oil hole 140a. The intermediate oil hole 130a is axially close to the bottom valve 110. The working oil hole 140a is axially away from the bottom valve 110. The working oil hole communicates the intermediate chamber 100d and the first working chamber 100b.

[0125] Further, the damper-adjustable shock absorber can further include a fork arm 800. The fork arm 800 is provided with a mounting hole 800a. The fork arm 800 is configured with a third stop surface 800b extending in the radial direction within the mounting hole 800a. The housing 120 has a first end and a second end in the axial direction. The end of the second end of the housing 120 is configured with a fourth stop surface 122e adapted to the third stop surface 800b. The second end of the housing 120 is inserted into the mounting hole 800a. The fourth stop surface 122e and the third stop surface 800b are in contact with each other to prevent the fork arm 800 from moving in the axial direction towards the first end. The axial positioning between the housing 120 and the fork arm 800 is achieved by the cooperation of the third stop surface 800b and the fourth stop surface 122e. In the mounted state of the damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present application, the fork arm 800 can reliably support the housing 120.

[0126] Further, the outer peripheral surface of the second end of the housing 120 can be provided with an annular positioning groove. The positioning groove can extend in the axial direction to the end surface of the housing 120, i.e. to the fourth stop surface 122e. In the mounted state of the second end of the housing 120 inserted into the mounting hole 800a, the fork arm 800 is sleeved outside the housing 120 and the axially extending annular surface of the positioning groove is close to or abuts against the hole wall of the mounting hole 800a. The axially extending annular surface of the positioning groove here can also be referred to as the fourth cooperation surface 122f. By providing the positioning groove, axial positioning can be achieved from the outside of the housing 120 and the fork arm 800, which is also beneficial to reduce the occupation of the outer peripheral space of the housing 120 by the fork arm 800, thereby facilitating the reduction of the size of the shock absorber and the improvement of the compactness of the structure.

[0127] Alternatively, the fork arm 800 can also be provided with a notch 800c. The notch 800c is located at the side of the mounting hole 800a. The notch 800c is in communication with the mounting hole 800a and the outside of the fork arm 800 in the radial direction. And the notch 800c penetrates the fork arm 800 in the axial direction. The fork arm 800 includes a pair of connecting ears 800d. The pair of connecting ears 800d are respectively located on both sides of the notch 800c. The connecting ears 800d have connecting holes for connecting bolts or other fasteners to achieve clamping and fixing of the fork arm 800 to the housing 120.

[0128] Optionally, the second damping valve assembly 500 can be configured as a solenoid valve. The damping-adjustable shock absorber further comprises a cable 550. The cable 550 is connected to the second damping valve assembly 500 and extends to the outside of the fork arm 800 in the axial direction via the mounting hole 800a. For example, the solenoid valve comprises a solenoid valve solenoid 560 located at the tail. The cable 550 connected to the solenoid valve solenoid 560 and in turn passes through the assembly hole of the second end of the housing 120 and the mounting hole 800a of the fork arm 800 to the outside, which can be referred to as a solenoid valve wire harness. The end of the battery wire harness away from the solenoid valve solenoid 560 can be connected to the wire harness of the whole vehicle, so as to control the operating state of the second damping valve assembly 500 by the control system of the whole vehicle.

[0129] In addition, the damping-adjustable shock absorber can further comprise a spring support seat 900. The spring support seat 900 is sleeved on the outside of the housing 120. In the axial direction, the first damping valve assembly 300 is located between the spring support seat 900 and the bottom valve 110 and is closer to the bottom valve 110. The spring support seat 900 is used to define the position of the shock absorbing spring sleeved on the outside of the housing 120 in the axial direction.

[0130] In the example shown, the radial inner dimension of the working cylinder 140 is greater than the radial dimension of the compression chamber 100e.

[0131] The damping-adjustable shock absorber of the present application, in the mounted state to the vehicle, one of the oil reservoir cylinder assembly 100 and the piston rod assembly 200 is connected to the axle, and the other of the oil reservoir cylinder assembly 100 and the piston rod assembly 200 is connected to the vehicle body. According to the vehicle with the above-mentioned damping-adjustable shock absorber of the present application, the needs of the vehicle for the active lifting function of the shock absorber can be met to better adjust the vehicle body posture, suppress vehicle pitch and roll, etc.

[0132] Hereinafter, refer to Figures 1 to 6 The damping-adjustable shock absorber according to the present embodiment is further described.

[0133] The damping continuously adjustable shock absorber according to the present application is provided with two damping valve assemblies for adjusting damping force. Both damping valve assemblies can adopt electromagnetic valves. The second damping valve assembly 500 is arranged at the bottom of the shock absorber in parallel with the central axis of the shock absorber. The first damping valve assembly 300 is arranged at the side of the shock absorber in perpendicular to the central axis of the shock absorber. The first stop surface 111a separates the rebound chamber 100a and the compression chamber 100e into two independent chambers, the first oil inlet and outlet hole 150a is led out from the rebound chamber 100a, the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b is led out from the compression chamber 100e, the first oil inlet and outlet hole 150a and the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b are distributed on both sides of the first stop surface 111a along the direction of the central axis of the shock absorber. The present application includes a hydraulic pump and two accumulators, the rebound chamber 100a and the compression chamber 100e are communicated through the hydraulic pump assembly 600, the rebound accumulator 700 is arranged between the rebound chamber 100a and the hydraulic pump assembly 600, the compression accumulator 710 is arranged between the compression chamber 100e and the hydraulic pump assembly 600, and at least one accumulator is arranged outside the shock absorber. The space volume of the compression chamber 100e is small, so the accumulator cannot be arranged in the compression chamber 100e, and therefore the accumulator is arranged outside the shock absorber. The space volume of the rebound chamber 100a is large, so the accumulator can be arranged in the rebound chamber 100a, or the accumulator can be arranged outside the shock absorber.

[0134] The damping continuously adjustable shock absorber according to the present application is provided with two damping valve assemblies for adjusting damping force. Both damping valve assemblies can adopt electromagnetic valves. The second damping valve assembly 500 is arranged at the bottom of the shock absorber in parallel with the central axis of the shock absorber. The first damping valve assembly 300 is arranged at the side of the shock absorber in perpendicular to the central axis of the shock absorber. The first stop surface 111a separates the rebound chamber 100a and the compression chamber 100e into two independent chambers, the first oil inlet and outlet hole 150a is led out from the rebound chamber 100a, the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b is led out from the compression chamber 100e, the first oil inlet and outlet hole 150a and the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b are distributed on both sides of the first stop surface 111a along the direction of the central axis of the shock absorber. The present application includes a hydraulic pump and two accumulators, the rebound chamber 100a and the compression chamber 100e are communicated through the hydraulic pump assembly 600, the rebound accumulator 700 is arranged between the rebound chamber 100a and the hydraulic pump assembly 600, the compression accumulator 710 is arranged between the compression chamber 100e and the hydraulic pump assembly 600, and at least one accumulator is arranged outside the shock absorber. The space volume of the compression chamber 100e is small, so the accumulator cannot be arranged in the compression chamber 100e, and therefore the accumulator is arranged outside the shock absorber. The space volume of the rebound chamber 100a is large, so the accumulator can be arranged in the rebound chamber 100a, or the accumulator can be arranged outside the shock absorber.

[0135] The first damping valve assembly 300 is installed in the valve seat 160. The second damping valve assembly 500 is arranged at the bottom of the shock absorber, parallel to the center axis of the shock absorber, and is connected with the compression oil passage joint hole 111d of the bottom valve 110 through the transition joint 530, sealed by a sealing ring, and the end cover 520 is zero-tight with the end surface of the transition joint 530. This arrangement allows the oil in the second working chamber 100c to flow into the second damping valve assembly 500 through the compression hole 111b. The upper end surface of the transition joint 530 is supported against the lower end surface of the bottom valve 110 to achieve axial positioning of the second damping valve assembly 500. The second damping valve assembly 500 is axially positioned and locked with the electromagnetic valve matching surface hole of the bottom seat 122, which can be connected by screw fastening, to achieve radial positioning and locking of the second damping valve assembly 500. A sealing ring is provided on the second damping valve assembly 500 to seal the electromagnetic valve shell and the inner hole of the bottom seat 122. The solenoid coil 560 of the electromagnetic valve is locked and fastened with the electromagnetic valve shell by a snap spring. The outer surface of the solenoid coil 560 is axially matched with the fifth matching surface 122g of the bottom seat 122, and the space between them can be sealed by sealant to prevent foreign matter such as sand, dust, water, etc. from entering the second damping valve assembly 500. The first port 122h of the bottom seat 122 is zero-tight with the lower port of the oil storage cylinder 121 and is connected and locked by welding. The bottom seat 122 is radially positioned by the fourth matching surface 122f and the inner hole matching surface of the fork arm 800, and is axially positioned by the fourth stop surface 122e and the third stop surface 800b. The fork arm 800 is provided with an opening 800c to facilitate the installation of the bottom seat 122 into the inner hole matching surface of the fork arm 800. After the bottom seat 122 is installed into the inner hole matching surface of the fork arm 800, the fork arm 800 locking bolt is installed and locked, and the bottom seat 122 is clamped and locked in the fork arm 800. The electromagnetic valve wire harness 3 is led out from the lower end surface of the solenoid coil 560, passes through the second port 122m of the fork arm 800, and then extends to the outside of the shock absorber and is connected with the vehicle wire harness.

[0136] The first stop surface 111a of the bottom valve 110 is a 360° annular spherical or conical surface, and the second stop surface 122d of the bottom seat 122 is also a 360° annular spherical or conical surface. The first stop surface 111a and the second stop surface 122d are not in contact with each other, and the recovery cavity 100a and the compression cavity 100e are separated into two independent chambers. The bottom seat 122 has a first oil passage hole 122a and a second oil passage hole 122b, which are distributed on both sides of the second stop surface 122d along the central axis of the bottom seat 122. The oil pipe connecting block 150 is not in contact with the bottom seat 122 and is connected by welding. The first oil inlet and outlet hole 150a is aligned and communicated with the first oil passage hole 122a, and the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b is aligned and communicated with the second oil passage hole 122b. One end of the first oil pipe 720 is connected to the first oil inlet and outlet hole 150a, and the other end is connected to one of the oil inlet and outlet holes 500b of the hydraulic pump. One end of the second oil pipe 730 is connected to the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b, and the other end is connected to the other oil inlet and outlet hole 500b of the hydraulic pump. The compression accumulator 710 is connected and arranged on the second oil pipe 730. The compression accumulator 710 is arranged outside the shock absorber. The recovery accumulator 700 is connected and arranged on the first oil pipe 720. The recovery accumulator 700 can be arranged outside the shock absorber or integrated and arranged in the recovery cavity 100a in the form of an air bag.

[0137] During the compression stroke, the piston member 220 moves towards the bottom valve 110. The volume of the second working cavity 100c decreases, and the oil in the second working cavity 100c flows into the transition joint 530 through the compression hole 111b, then enters the second damping valve assembly 500, is throttled by the second damping valve assembly 500, and then flows out from the oil outlet hole 500b into the compression cavity 100e. Then, the oil flows into the second oil pipe 730 through the second oil inlet and outlet hole 150b, and finally enters the compression accumulator 710. The compression accumulator 710 absorbs and contains oil during the compression stroke. When the piston member 220 moves towards the bottom valve 110, the volume of the first working cavity 100b increases. At this time, the oil in the recovery cavity 100a enters the intermediate oil passage hole 130a through the one-way valve 320, then flows into the working cylinder 140 through the oil passage hole, and finally fills the first working cavity 100b. The recovery accumulator 700 releases oil during the compression stroke. When the compression stroke speed is very fast, part of the high-pressure oil in the second working cavity 100c can push away the flow-through valve part 222 of the piston member 220 and enter the first working cavity 100b. The flow-through valve part 222 plays a role of overload protection. The compression damping force is controlled and adjusted by the second damping valve assembly 500.

[0138] When rebounding, the piston member 220 moves away from the bottom valve 110, the first working chamber 100b volume becomes smaller, the oil in the first working chamber 100b flows into the middle chamber 100d through the working cylinder 140 oil hole, then enters the first damping valve assembly 300 through the middle oil hole 130a, is throttled by the first damping valve assembly 300, and then flows into the recovery chamber 100a, and the oil is absorbed by the recovery accumulator 700 during the rebounding stroke. The piston member 220 moves away from the bottom valve 110, which causes the volume of the second working chamber 100c to increase, and the oil in the compression chamber 100e will flow through the bottom valve 110 compensation hole 111c and push away the compensation valve part 112, and finally the oil will fill the second working chamber 100c, and the compression accumulator 710 releases oil during the rebounding stroke. The rebound damping force is controlled and adjusted by the first damping valve assembly 300.

[0139] When quickly lifting, the hydraulic pump assembly 600 pumps high-pressure oil into the second oil pipe 730, the high-pressure oil enters the compression chamber 100e, and then pushes away the compensation valve part 112 through the bottom valve 110 compensation hole 111c. The second working chamber 100c is filled with high-pressure oil, and the oil pressure in the first working chamber 100b is relatively low at this time, and the pressure difference will generate an upward thrust on the piston member 220, so that the rod member 210 quickly lifts. The oil in the first working chamber 100b flows into the middle chamber 100d through the working cylinder 140 oil hole, then enters the first damping valve assembly 300 through the middle oil hole 130a, is throttled by the first damping valve assembly 300, and then flows into the recovery chamber 100a, at this time the throttling ability of the first damping valve assembly 300 is set to be the weakest, in order to generate the lifting force of the rod member 210. At the same time, the hydraulic pump assembly 600 pumps out the oil in the recovery chamber 100a through the first oil pipe 720 and pumps it into the second oil pipe 730. The oil in the first working chamber 100b is pumped by the hydraulic pump assembly 600 during the lifting stroke to the second working chamber 100c.

[0140] When the rod member 210 is descending rapidly, the hydraulic pump assembly 600 pumps high pressure oil into the first oil pipe 720, the high pressure oil enters the recovery cavity 100a, then enters the intermediate oil passage 130a through the one-way valve 320, and then flows into the working cylinder 140 through the oil passage of the intermediate cavity 100d, and finally the first working cavity 100b is filled with high pressure oil. At this time, the oil pressure in the second working cavity 100c is relatively low, and the pressure difference will generate a downward thrust on the piston member 220, so that the rod member 210 rapidly descends. The oil in the second working cavity 100c flows into the transition joint 530 through the compression hole 111b, and then enters the second damping valve assembly 500. After being throttled by the second damping valve assembly 500, it flows out from the oil outlet hole 500b into the compression cavity 100e. At this time, the throttling capacity of the second damping valve assembly 500 is set to be the weakest, so as to generate the descending force of the rod member 210. At the same time, the hydraulic pump assembly 600 pumps out the oil in the compression cavity 100e through the second oil pipe 730 and pumps it into the original cavity oil pipe 0. The oil in the second working cavity 100c is pumped by the hydraulic pump assembly 600 to the first working cavity 100b during the descending stroke.

[0141] The damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present application is provided with two damping valve assemblies, so that the recovery damping force and the compression damping force are independently and separately adjustable. The second damping valve assembly 500 is arranged at the bottom of the shock absorber, and the first damping valve assembly 300 is arranged at the side of the shock absorber, which occupies a smaller circumferential space on the side of the shock absorber. The damper-adjustable shock absorber according to the present application is provided with two accumulators and one hydraulic pump assembly 600, and has the functions of rapid lifting and rapid descending. The recovery cavity 100a and the compression cavity 100e are distributed on both sides of the bottom valve 110 along the direction of the central axis of the shock absorber. At least one accumulator is arranged outside the shock absorber, which can reduce the radial size or axial size of the shock absorber, and facilitate the installation and arrangement of the shock absorber on the chassis suspension of the whole vehicle.

[0142] Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used herein, the term "set" can mean either a component is directly attached to another component or a component is attached to another component via an intermediate component. The features described in one embodiment herein can be applied to another embodiment either individually or in combination with other features, unless the features are not applicable to the other embodiment or are otherwise stated.

[0143] The application has been described by the above embodiments, but it should be understood that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of example and illustration, and are not intended to limit the application to the scope of the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can understand that more kinds of variations and modifications can also be made according to the teachings of the application, which all fall within the scope of the application claimed.

Claims

1. A damping adjustable shock absorber, characterized in that: The damping adjustable shock absorber comprises: An oil storage cylinder assembly, the oil storage cylinder assembly comprising a housing, a working cylinder, and a bottom valve, the bottom valve being connected to the interior of the housing to separate the interior space of the housing into a first space and a second space arranged along the axial direction of the housing, the working cylinder being located in the first space, the housing being provided with a first oil passage hole and a second oil passage hole spaced apart along the axial direction, the first oil passage hole being fluidically connected to the first space and the exterior of the housing, and the second oil passage hole being fluidically connected to the second space and the exterior of the housing; and a piston rod assembly, the piston rod assembly being movably connected to the interior of the working cylinder along the axial direction, Wherein, the bottom valve is constructed so that: when the hydraulic force exerted on the bottom valve is directed toward the first space, the bottom valve allows oil to flow from the second space into the working cylinder to push the piston rod assembly to rise; when the hydraulic force exerted on the bottom valve is directed toward the second space, the bottom valve allows oil to flow from the working cylinder into the second space to drive the piston rod assembly to descend, the working cylinder is connected to the first space to separate the first space into a first chamber and a working chamber arranged radially from outside to inside, the piston rod assembly includes a piston member, the piston member is located in the working chamber to separate the working chamber into a first working chamber and a second working chamber, the second working chamber is closer to the bottom valve than the first working chamber along the axial direction, and the first working chamber fluid is connected to the first chamber, The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises: a first damping valve assembly connected to an outer side of the housing, the first damping valve assembly being connected in series between the first chamber and the first working chamber; and A second damping valve assembly is connected to the second space. A compression chamber is formed between the second damping valve assembly, the bottom valve and the housing. The compression chamber is fluidically connected to the outside of the housing via the second oil hole. The second damping valve assembly is connected in series between the compression chamber and the bottom valve.

2. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises: A hydraulic pump assembly is located outside the housing, the hydraulic pump assembly is fluidically connected to the first oil hole and the second oil hole, and the hydraulic pump assembly is used to pump oil to the first oil hole or the second oil hole, and to extract oil from the first oil hole or the second oil hole.

3. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises: A recovery accumulator is connected in series between the hydraulic pump assembly and the first chamber, and is used to store oil.

4. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The recovery accumulator is connected in series between the first oil hole and the hydraulic pump assembly.

5. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises: A compression accumulator is connected in series between the hydraulic pump assembly and the compression chamber, and is used to store oil.

6. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compression accumulator is located outside the housing and is connected in series between the second oil hole and the hydraulic pump assembly.

7. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom valve comprises: a bottom valve body, the bottom valve body having a compression hole and a compensation hole, the compression hole being fluidically connected to the second damping valve assembly and the second working chamber, the compensation hole being arranged corresponding to the compression chamber; and The compensation valve portion is movably covered on the compensation hole, and the compensation valve portion is configured to open the compensation hole when the hydraulic resultant force it receives is directed along the axial direction toward the first space, and to close the compensation hole when the hydraulic resultant force it receives is directed along the axial direction toward the second space.

8. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom valve includes a first stop surface. The inner side of the housing is configured with a second stop surface adapted to the first stop surface. The first stop surface and the second stop surface are in contact with each other to prevent the bottom valve from moving toward the second space along the axial direction.

9. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that: A radial dimension of the first stop surface decreases in a direction parallel to the axial direction and toward the second space.

10. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second damping valve assembly includes a transition joint, which has an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole. The oil inlet hole is arranged on the transition joint at least along the axial direction, and the oil outlet hole is fluidically connected to the compression chamber; the bottom valve body includes a compression oil-passing joint adapted to the transition joint, the compression hole extends along the axial direction and penetrates the compression oil-passing joint, and the compression oil-passing joint is connected to the transition joint.

11. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston component comprises: a piston body portion having a second through hole; and A circulation valve portion is movably covered on the second through hole, and is configured to open the second through hole when the hydraulic force received is directed along the axial direction toward the first working chamber to allow oil to flow from the second working chamber to the first working chamber.

12. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises: a guide sleeve assembly connected to the working cylinder and located on a side of the piston member away from the bottom valve along the axial direction; The piston member is located between the guide sleeve assembly and the bottom valve in the axial direction; The piston rod assembly also includes a rod member and a limiting member. The rod member is movably inserted into the guide sleeve assembly along the axial direction. The limiting member is sleeved on the outside of the rod member. The limiting member is located between the piston member and the guide sleeve assembly in the axial direction, and the limiting member is spaced apart from the piston member in the axial direction. The radial outer dimension of the limiting member is smaller than the radial inner dimension of the working cylinder.

13. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first damping valve assembly and the second damping valve assembly each include a throttle valve, and at least one of the first damping valve assembly and the second damping valve assembly includes a one-way valve.

14. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises: An intermediate cylinder is arranged on the outside of the working cylinder and is located in the first chamber. The intermediate cylinder is connected to the bottom valve along the axial direction. The intermediate cylinder divides the first chamber into a recovery chamber and an intermediate chamber arranged radially from the outside to the inside. The recovery chamber fluid is connected to the first oil hole and the intermediate chamber, and the intermediate chamber fluid is connected to the first working chamber.

15. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 10 and 13, characterized in that: The adjustable damping shock absorber further comprises a fork arm, wherein the fork arm is provided with a mounting hole, and within the mounting hole, the fork arm is configured with a third stop surface extending in a radial direction. The shell has a first end and a second end along the axial direction of the shell, and the end of the second end of the shell is constructed with a fourth stop surface adapted to the third stop surface. The second end of the shell is inserted into the mounting hole, and the fourth stop surface and the third stop surface are in contact with each other to prevent the fork arm from moving axially toward the first end along the axial direction of the shell.

16. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 15, characterized in that: The fork arm is also provided with a notch, which is located on the side of the mounting hole. The notch is radially connected to the mounting hole and the outside of the fork arm, and the notch penetrates the fork arm axially. The fork arm includes a pair of connecting ears, which are respectively located on both sides of the notch. The connecting ears are used to connect fasteners to clamp the shell.

17. The adjustable damping shock absorber according to claim 15, characterized in that: The second damping valve assembly is configured as a solenoid valve. The adjustable damping shock absorber further includes a cable connected to the second damping valve assembly and extending along the axial direction through the mounting hole to the outside of the fork arm.

18. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises: axles; body; and The adjustable damping shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein one of the oil reservoir cylinder assembly and the piston rod assembly is connected to the axle, and the other of the oil reservoir cylinder assembly and the piston rod assembly is connected to the vehicle body.

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