Optical cable fault location diagnostic system

Abstract

The application discloses a cable fault position diagnosis system, which comprises a management host computer, monitoring host computers and reflectors. The monitoring host computers are arranged at monitoring sites, the reflectors are arranged at sub-sites, and connecting optical cables are laid between each monitoring host computer and several reflectors. The management host computer is in communication connection with the monitoring host computers. The monitoring host computer comprises a main control module, a power module and a monitoring module. The main control module is used for managing other modules. The power module is used for system power supply management. The monitoring module comprises an optical time domain reflectometer sub-module and an optical switch sub-module. The optical time domain reflectometer sub-module is used for optical cable loss monitoring, optical cable fault monitoring and fault positioning. The optical switch sub-module is used for switching a to-be-measured optical channel to a designated monitoring optical fiber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular relates to an optical cable fault location diagnosis system. Background Technology

[0002] For diagnosing fiber optic faults, the industry standard is to use an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) to detect and locate faults in the optical network. The basic principle of an OTDR is to utilize the back reflection that occurs when light waves propagate through an optical fiber network. By incident light of a specific wavelength into the optical fiber network and measuring the energy of the reflected light, the condition of the optical network can be determined.

[0003] While optical time domain reflectometers (OTDRs) are versatile for diagnosing fiber optic faults, they are mostly passive detection methods. The management of power pipeline optical cables mainly relies on manual inspection and maintenance, which has long inspection cycles and limited coverage. It is difficult to determine whether underground optical cables are damaged even if the road surface is not damaged. Real-time monitoring of optical cable faults is not possible, resulting in low efficiency in repairing optical cable faults. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes an optical cable fault location diagnosis system to address the aforementioned technical problems. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The optical cable fault location diagnosis system includes a management host computer, a monitoring host computer, and reflectors. The monitoring host computer is deployed at the monitoring station, and the reflectors are deployed at the sub-stations. Optical cables are laid between each monitoring host computer and several reflectors. The management host computer and the monitoring host computer are communicatively connected.

[0006] The monitoring host computer includes a main control module, a power supply module, and a monitoring module. The main control module is used to manage other modules, the power supply module is used for system power supply management, and the monitoring module includes an optical time domain reflectometer submodule and an optical switch submodule. The optical time domain reflectometer submodule is used for optical cable loss monitoring, optical cable fault monitoring, and fault location, and the optical switch submodule is used to switch the optical channel to be measured to the designated monitoring optical fiber.

[0007] Furthermore, the management host computer includes a GIS map submodule, a resource management submodule, an alarm management submodule, and a report management submodule;

[0008] The GIS map submodule generates an optical cable topology map based on data from the geographic information system and optical cable line resources.

[0009] The resource management submodule is used for basic data management of space resources, cable resources, monitoring optical path resources, monitoring equipment resources, and query of cable network basic information;

[0010] The alarm management submodule is used for recording and querying historical and current all alarm information;

[0011] The report management submodule is used for displaying the whole deterioration of the monitored optical path as curve data.

[0012] Further, the method for generating the cable topology map comprises the following steps:

[0013] Based on the geographic information system, the positions of the monitoring sites and sub-sites are numbered and calibrated;

[0014] The known cable line resources are acquired, and based on the geographic information system, the cable path is numbered and calibrated to generate a preliminary cable topology map;

[0015] Based on the known cable line resources, the matching connection relationship of all sites is determined, and the cable path and its number are added;

[0016] The added cable path is calibrated to obtain a complete cable topology map.

[0017] Further, the method for calibrating the added cable path comprises the following steps:

[0018] (1) The total length of the cable is measured and obtained;

[0019] (2) Based on the position data of the sites connected by the cable, a reference distance is obtained, a rectangle is constructed with the sites connected by the cable as the diagonal and the road direction as the side, and the reference distance is the sum of the distances of any two adjacent sides of the rectangle;

[0020] (3) It is judged whether the total length of the cable is equal to the reference distance, if yes, step (4) is executed, otherwise step (5) is executed;

[0021] (4) A circular confidence area is constructed with the sites connected by the cable as the diameter of the two ends, the cable laying marks in the confidence area are searched, and the laying marks corresponding to the known cable lines are excluded; all the laying marks are extended along the road direction to obtain continuous intersecting path segments, and it is ensured that the laying marks are located on the path segments, and the continuous intersecting path segments between the two sites are calibrated as the cable path;

[0022] (5) constructing a first level confidence area in the shape of a circle with the two stations connected by the optical cable as the diameter, and constructing a second level confidence area concentric with the first level confidence area, the ratio of the diameter of the second level confidence area to the diameter of the first level confidence area being equal to the ratio of the total length of the optical cable to the straight-line distance between the two stations connected by the optical cable;

[0023] finding the optical cable laying marks in the second level confidence area and excluding the laying marks corresponding to the known optical cable line; extending all the laying marks along the direction of the roads on which they are located to obtain continuously intersecting path segments, and ensuring that the laying marks are located on the path segments, and continuously intersecting path segments between the two stations are designated as the optical cable path.

[0024] Further, in step (5), the tortuosity of the optical cable path is determined according to the size relationship between the total length of the optical cable path and the reference distance, and whether the optical cable laying marks are completely located in the first level confidence area, to assist in verifying the accuracy of the optical cable path designation.

[0025] Further, for the optical cable directly connecting the sub-station and the monitoring station, the non-jump monitoring mode is adopted; for the optical cable indirectly connecting the sub-station and the monitoring station, the jump monitoring mode is adopted.

[0026] Further, the optical cable fault positioning method comprises the following steps:

[0027] acquiring length data of the optical cable fault position;

[0028] acquiring path information of the optical cable in which the fault occurs;

[0029] based on the known path information of the optical cable and in combination with the length data of the optical cable fault position, gradually traversing and accumulating distance on the geographic information system along the path of the optical cable laying from the monitoring station until the length data of the optical cable fault position is reached;

[0030] acquiring position data of the traversal end point on the geographic information system and determining the position as the fault position.

[0031] Further, the optical cable fault positioning method comprises the following steps:

[0032] dividing all the optical cable paths into a plurality of optical cable path segments according to the laying of the paths, and sequentially numbering the optical cable path segments from the monitoring station to the sub-station to form a lookup list with optical cable path numbers and path segment numbers, each optical cable path segment in the lookup list having a corresponding lookup range;

[0033] acquiring path information of the optical cable in which the fault occurs and length data of the optical cable fault position, and calculating a lookup value, the lookup value being the ratio of the length data of the optical cable fault position to the total length of the optical cable;

[0034] According to the optical cable path number and the search value, the corresponding path section number is searched in the search chain table, when the search value is located in a search range, the path section number and its position data corresponding to the search range are obtained, and the fault position is determined.

[0035] Further, the end value calculation method of the search range is:

[0036]

[0037] In the above formula, i is the path section number, lambda is the left end value of the path section number, delta is the right end value of the path section number, the left end value of the smallest path section number is 0 by default, the right end value of the largest path section number is 1 by default, N is the path length corresponding to the path section number, and L is the total length of the optical cable path.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present application are: based on the existing optical cable laying state, a monitoring host computer and a reflector are arranged at the end of the optical cable according to the monitoring requirements, an online high-precision OTDR monitoring device is used, the optical cable system forms a systematic monitoring network, and the problems of low monitoring efficiency and great difficulty of manual inspection operation and maintenance are effectively avoided.

[0039] On the basis, the optical cable fault monitoring visualization capability is provided in combination with the GIS geographical position, the various optical cable abnormal events are monitored and the fault alarm function is provided, and the passive operation and maintenance is changed into active operation and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A topological structure diagram of the monitoring host computer and the several reflectors in the optical cable fault position diagnosis system in the embodiment is shown.

[0041] Figure 2 A topological structure diagram of the management host computer and the monitoring host computer in the optical cable fault position diagnosis system in the embodiment is shown.

[0042] Figure 3 A first optical cable path state schematic diagram laid between two stations in the embodiment is shown.

[0043] Figure 4 A second optical cable path state schematic diagram laid between two stations in the embodiment is shown.

[0044] Figure 5 A third optical cable path state schematic diagram laid between two stations in the embodiment is shown.

[0045] Figure 6 A topological structure diagram of station-to-station non-jumper monitoring in the embodiment is shown.

[0046] Figure 7 A topology diagram of the multi-site hop monitoring in the embodiment is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the embodiments.

[0048] The optical cable fault position diagnosis system comprises a management host computer, a monitoring host computer and a plurality of reflectors, the monitoring host computer is arranged at a core monitoring site, the plurality of reflectors are arranged at other sub-sites respectively, optical cables are arranged between the sites, and the optical cables are connected between the monitoring host computer and the reflectors; the management host computer and the monitoring host computer are in communication connection, the monitoring data are transmitted between the monitoring host computer and the management host computer and displayed by the management host computer, and the management host computer has the function of issuing control instructions.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 1, it is a topology diagram of the monitoring host computer and the plurality of reflectors in the optical cable fault position diagnosis system of the present application; as shown in FIG. 2, it is a topology diagram of the management host computer and the monitoring host computer in the optical cable fault position diagnosis system of the present application. Figure 1 Figure 2 In the entire topology diagram, the optical cable lines arranged between the sites are not limited to one, but can also be multiple; at the same time, the monitoring sites and the sub-sites are not limited to being directly connected by the optical cable lines, but can also be connected by other sub-sites; on the other hand, the same sub-site is not limited to being connected to only one monitoring site, but can be connected to multiple monitoring sites.

[0050] In the entire topology diagram, the optical cable lines arranged between the sites are not limited to one, but can also be multiple; at the same time, the monitoring sites and the sub-sites are not limited to being directly connected by the optical cable lines, but can also be connected by other sub-sites; on the other hand, the same sub-site is not limited to being connected to only one monitoring site, but can be connected to multiple monitoring sites.

[0051] The monitoring host computer adopts a card insertion design, and each board card adopts CAN bus communication to ensure the safe and stable operation of the host computer. The system host board card supports hot plugging, and the user can dynamically configure the service board card according to the demand of the number of optical cable cores of the project.

[0052] The monitoring host computer comprises a main control module, a power module and a monitoring module.

[0053] The main control module is a main control board card, which is used for managing each board card of the host computer and pushing the data of each board card to the system network management or issuing the control instructions of the management host computer to each board card.

[0054] The power module is a power board card, and in order to improve the reliability and stability, power filtering, overload protection, short circuit protection and other technologies are integrated. The monitoring host computer is provided with a double power supply disc to provide system redundancy backup.

[0055] ​The monitoring module comprises service sub-modules of various services, including an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) sub-module, an optical switch (OSW) sub-module, an optical source (OS) sub-module, a reflective optical power monitoring sub-module, a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) sub-module, a filter (FILTR) sub-module, and an optical splitter sub-module, which can be combined in any manner or configured individually in the monitoring module.

[0056] The OTDR sub-module is implemented by an OTDR board card, which provides core functions of optical cable loss monitoring, optical cable fault monitoring, and fault positioning, and provides single-wavelength or multi-wavelength OTDR board cards according to service needs.

[0057] The OSW sub-module is implemented by an OSW board card, which is controlled by the main control module and switches a to-be-measured optical channel to a designated monitoring optical fiber according to a monitoring process.

[0058] The OS sub-module is implemented by an OS board card, which can be installed at an end in a set manner while being tested in real time, and is monitored by a matching optical power monitoring board card. When the optical power is lower than a threshold, the OTDR is immediately started to test the core.

[0059] The reflective optical power monitoring sub-module is implemented by a reflective optical power monitoring board card, which can perform real-time alarm testing on an optical cable and achieve the purpose of real-time alarm testing by monitoring optical power.

[0060] The WDM sub-module is implemented by a WDM board card, which can implement single-backup fiber testing or multiple probe light monitoring and service fiber testing.

[0061] The filter module is implemented by a filter board card, which is installed at a monitoring site to provide optical source filtering for the OTDR board card, a user optical transceiver, and a monitored optical fiber when performing online monitoring or backup fiber monitoring.

[0062] The optical splitter sub-module is implemented by an optical splitter board card, which is a passive optical device that decomposes an optical signal into multiple optical signal outputs, and functions to implement branching of different wavelength detection optical signals.

[0063] A reflector is also provided for cooperation. The fiber reflector is deployed at a remote site to complete monitoring of an optical fiber link in cooperation with the OTDR and the optical power monitoring board card, can quickly and accurately reflect optical cable network abnormalities, and has advantages of small insertion loss, high reflectivity, and simple installation and deployment.

[0064] The above system still lacks a management function of active monitoring; in addition, with the development and construction of smart grids and distribution networks, optical fiber communication has become the main communication method for power grids, and the coverage of optical cables will become wider. The optical cables in cities are mostly laid in underground pipelines, and the paths of the underground pipelines are complex and interlaced. Moreover, with municipal construction, the pipeline trenches are also frequently changed in path. Some optical cables are not provided with accurate optical cable path data due to long construction time, lack of data, retirement of maintenance personnel, and other reasons, and there is a risk in the maintenance of optical cables. Moreover, when an optical cable fails, there is no timely alarm and accurate positioning.

[0065] Based on this, the management host computer includes a GIS map submodule, a resource management submodule, an alarm management submodule, and a report management submodule.

[0066] The GIS map submodule directly generates an optical cable topology map based on geographic information systems and optical cable line resource data, and displays the fault status of the optical cable and the monitoring equipment on the map interface of the optical cable topology map. At the same time, the GIS electronic map is directly jumped to for accurate display of the fault point through association.

[0067] The resource management submodule manages the basic data of spatial resources, optical cable resources, monitored optical path resources, and monitoring equipment resources in a navigation tree or other intuitive management mode, and completes the query of the basic information of the optical cable network.

[0068] The alarm management submodule is used to record and query all historical and current alarm information. The alarm information is divided into hardware alarms, line alarms, communication alarms, and pre-alarm. The alarm supports the definition of alarm rules. At the same time, the alarm can be sent to the hands of the operation and maintenance personnel in the form of a short message, an email, or an instant messaging software.

[0069] The report management submodule analyzes the full-path degradation of the monitored optical path, draws the full-path loss values of all curves corresponding to the optical path to form actual curves, and displays the actual curves. The detailed data list of all curves corresponding to the optical path is displayed, and finally a report is formed.

[0070] In the present application, a method for generating an optical cable topology map is also provided. Due to the path change of the pipeline trench during municipal construction, and the long construction time of some optical cables, lack of maintenance, and other factors, some optical cable line resources are missing or ambiguous, which leads to the inability to directly generate a complete optical cable topology map according to the optical cable line resources combined with the geographic information system. The method provided in the present application is as follows:

[0071] (1) First, the positions of the monitoring stations and sub-stations are numbered and calibrated in combination with the geographic information system. Different numbers are marked on the monitoring stations and sub-stations to distinguish between the stations.

[0072] (2) Obtain known optical cable line resources, combine with geographic information system to number and calibrate optical cable path, thereby generating a preliminary optical cable topology map, which can show optical cable path and sites connected at both ends of the optical cable path based on the map of the geographic information system;

[0073] (3) Transmit a test signal at one end of the existing optical cable, determine the matching connection relationship of each site by monitoring the received signal, in this process, all optical cables can be tested to determine the accuracy of known optical cable line resources, or unknown optical cable lines can be tested after excluding known optical cable lines to obtain optical cable path data between all sites (including monitoring sites and sub-sites), and newly added optical cable paths are numbered; since the newly added optical cable path can only match the connected site, and the related information of the path data is unknown, the newly added optical cable path can only be numbered, and cannot be completely calibrated in combination with the geographic information system;

[0074] (4) Calibrate the path of the newly added optical cable to obtain a complete optical cable topology map.

[0075] The above method for calibrating the path of the newly added optical cable is:

[0076] (4-1) Measure the total length L1 of the optical cable by an optical fiber testing instrument, and obtain a reference distance L2 based on the position data of the sites connected by the optical cable;

[0077] Referring to Figure 3 , the reference distance L2 is constructed as a rectangle with the sites connected by the optical cable as the diagonal, and the road direction of the map data as the side of the rectangle, and the sum of the distances of any two adjacent sides k1 and k2 on the rectangle is the reference distance L2;

[0078] (4-2) Determine whether L1 and L2 are equal, if so, execute step (4-3), otherwise execute step (4-5), in this step, it is not necessary to determine whether L1 and L2 are absolutely equal, but it is only necessary to determine whether they are approximately equal, for example, set a floating range, if it meets the range, it is determined that L1 and L2 are equal, and in general case, -5%≤(L1-L2) / L2*100%≤5% is acceptable;

[0079] (4-3) Construct a circular confidence area with the sites connected by the optical cable as the diameter of the two ends, find the optical cable laying marks in the confidence area, and exclude the laying marks corresponding to the known optical cable lines;

[0080] (4-4) Take any site as a reference, arrange the laying marks from small to large according to the distance from the reference site, for example, number them as 1, 2, 3,..., n;

[0081] All the laying marks are extended along the direction of the road where they are located to obtain continuously intersecting path segments, and ensure that the laying marks are located on the path segments, as shown in Figure 3 The dashed lines in the figure show the path segments of the optical cable line, and the corresponding numbers are the numbers of the laying marks. The continuously intersecting path segments between the two stations form the optical cable path, and the optical cable path can be determined according to the optical cable path.

[0082] (4-5) Calculate the expansion coefficient P = (L1-L2) / L2, and construct a circular first confidence region with the two ends of the stations connected by the optical cable as diameters, and construct a concentric second confidence region outside the first confidence region. The second confidence region is larger than the first confidence region, and the ratio of the diameter of the second confidence region to the diameter of the first confidence region is P+1.

[0083] The laying marks in the first confidence region and the second confidence region are searched respectively, and the laying marks corresponding to the known optical cable line are excluded.

[0084] (4-6) All the laying marks are extended along the direction of the road where they are located to obtain continuously intersecting path segments, and ensure that the laying marks are located on the path segments, as shown in Figure 4 The dashed lines in the figure show the path segments of the optical cable line, and the corresponding numbers are the numbers of the laying marks. The continuously intersecting path segments between the two stations form the optical cable path, and the optical cable path can be determined according to the optical cable path.

[0085] According to the foregoing description, if the optical cable line resource is missing, the only thing that can play a role in identifying the optical cable line is the laying mark set during the laying of the optical cable. However, the laying mark is mainly used for warning purposes, that is, to inform the public that the optical cable is laid here and not to be excavated at will to avoid damaging the optical cable. Most of the laying marks are simply marked with words such as “No excavation below the optical cable”. The laying mark cannot directly indicate the effective path information of the optical cable. The above method provided by the application aims to combine the characteristics of the laying mark, the position indication characteristics of the map marking characteristics, and the optical fiber detection technology to determine the optical cable line whose resource is missing.

[0086] First, in order to facilitate maintenance and management, the optical cable line is laid along the direction of the road, so the laying mark means that the optical cable line is laid below.

[0087] Secondly, since the laying mark lacks direct information recording, even if the positions of all the laying marks are known, it is still difficult to accurately determine the corresponding optical cable line according to the laying mark due to the complex characteristics of the laying of the optical cable line, and the determination of the optical cable line cannot be completed.

[0088] In the method, the geographical information system is used to calibrate the stations and calibrate the optical cable path based on the known optical cable line resources, so that part of the corresponding laying marks can be determined by calibrating the known optical cable line resources, and part of the interference can be eliminated by eliminating or hiding the laying marks.

[0089] For the optical cable path without the optical cable line resources, the corresponding relationship between the stations is determined by the end-to-end signal test, so that the existence of the optical cable path can be determined, and the calibration of the optical cable path can be further performed.

[0090] For the calibration of the optical cable path, the specific direction of the optical cable path cannot be determined due to the lack of indication. For this problem, the total length L1 of the optical cable path to be calibrated is measured based on the existing optical fiber tester, and the reference distance L2 is determined based on the characteristic that the optical cable is basically laid along the road direction. The characteristic of the optical cable path is determined based on the reference distance L2. When L1 and L2 are basically the same, it indicates that the optical cable path does not have a detour, otherwise it indicates that the optical cable path has a detour, and different confidence regions are set according to the characteristics of the optical cable path.

[0091] For the case that the optical cable path does not have a detour, the optical cable path is basically within the rectangle constructed with the stations connected by the optical cable as the diagonal. Considering the measurement and calculation errors, a circular confidence region with the stations connected by the optical cable as the diameter can eliminate these errors as much as possible. Thus, by searching for the laying marks in the confidence region, the continuous intersecting path segments can be obtained by extending all the laying marks along the road direction to obtain the optical cable path.

[0092] For the case that the optical cable path has a detour, the specific detour state needs to be determined, and the detour state can be further determined in combination with the secondary confidence region and the primary confidence region. That is, when all the laying marks are located in the primary confidence region, the detour part is still within the rectangle constructed with the stations connected by the optical cable as the diagonal. When part of the laying marks are located in the secondary confidence region, the main detour part is outside the rectangle constructed with the stations connected by the optical cable as the diagonal. Regardless of whether the optical cable path has a detour, the continuous intersecting path segments can be obtained by extending all the laying marks along the road direction to obtain the optical cable path.

[0093] The purpose of determining the characteristic of the optical cable path is to assist in verifying the accuracy of the optical cable path in combination with some non-explicitly recorded data information, which generally includes news records about the general direction of the optical cable path, project data or node data in the optical cable construction process, etc.

[0094] Finally, the calibration length of the optical cable can be calculated according to the characteristics of the optical cable path laying and the obtained optical cable path, and compared with the total length L1 of the optical cable measured by the optical fiber testing instrument to verify the accuracy of the optical cable path.

[0095] In an optional implementation, a station-to-station non-jumper monitoring is adopted, as shown in Figure 6 The to-be-measured optical channel is switched to the designated monitoring optical fiber by the optical switch control, and fault detection is performed by the OTDR, as shown in Figure 1 The station 1 and the detection host computer 1 shown in

[0096] In an optional implementation, a multi-station jumper monitoring is adopted, as shown in Figure 7 The to-be-measured optical channel is switched to the designated monitoring optical fiber by the optical switch control, and fault detection is performed according to the wavelength difference of the transmission signals, as shown in Figure 1 The station 7, the station 8, and the detection host computer 1 shown in

[0097] When the optical cable fault is diagnosed in the operation process of the optical cable fault position diagnosis system, an alarm information can be quickly formed and sent to the operation and maintenance department or specific operation and maintenance personnel, and the fault can be eliminated by the operation and maintenance personnel.

[0098] In an optional implementation, the optical cable fault position diagnosis system determines the fault position in the following manner:

[0099] The length data of the optical cable fault position is obtained. Since the detection technology of the optical cable fault outputs the distance data of the fault point relative to the detection point, the length data of the optical cable fault position cannot directly generate the position data of the fault position on the geographic position information, and further processing based on the length data is required to obtain the position data of the fault position;

[0100] The path information of the optical cable with the fault is obtained;

[0101] Based on the known path information of the optical cable, the length data of the optical cable fault position is combined, and the distance is gradually traversed and accumulated along the optical cable laying path from the monitoring station on the geographic information system until the length data of the optical cable fault position is reached;

[0102] The position data of the traversal end point on the geographic information system is obtained and sent to the operation and maintenance department or the operation and maintenance personnel, and the operation and maintenance personnel can reach the specified position to eliminate the fault.

[0103] In another optional implementation, the optical cable fault position diagnosis system determines the fault position in the following manner:

[0104] Segment all the optical cable paths according to the laying direction of the paths to form a plurality of optical cable path segments, each of which corresponds to a segment of the laying path and is sequentially numbered from the monitoring site to the sub-site, and finally forms a lookup linked list with optical cable path number information and path segment number; the content or format of the linked list can be referred to as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Calculate the lookup range end value corresponding to each path segment number according to the road length of the path segment, and generate the lookup range of the path segment number; as can be seen from the above table, the lookup range of the path segment number is continuous according to the path segment number, and the smallest path segment number has an end value of 0, and the largest path segment number has an end value of 1. The path segment number end value calculation method is:

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] In the above formula, i is the path segment number, λ is the left end value of the path segment number, i.e. the smaller value in the lookup range, δ is the right end value of the path segment number, and the left end value of the smallest path segment number is 0 by default, and the right end value of the largest path segment number is 1 by default, N is the path length corresponding to the path segment number, and L is the total length of the optical cable path.

[0110] Obtain the path information of the optical cable that has failed and the length data of the optical cable fault position, and calculate the lookup value (the lookup value is H / L, H is the length data of the optical cable fault position);

[0111] According to the optical cable path number and the lookup value, the corresponding path segment number is found in the lookup linked list. When the lookup value is located in a certain lookup range, the path segment number corresponding to the lookup range can be determined, and the position data corresponding to the path segment number is sent to the operation and maintenance department or the operation and maintenance personnel. The operation and maintenance personnel can reach the designated position to troubleshoot.

[0112] The above two methods for determining the fault position, the first method relies on the geographic information system to perform real-time data measurement and calculation, and is a more accurate fault position determination method. Therefore, each time a fault occurs, the geographic information system and the data algorithm need to be called according to the received length data of the optical cable fault position, which has a large amount of calculation and low efficiency.

[0113] Unlike the former method, the latter method directly generates a lookup list that can be called at any time according to all known optical cable path information, and the lookup list basically does not need real-time updating, unless the optical cable path changes, and when the optical cable fails, a lookup value is obtained by simply calculating the length data of the obtained optical cable fault position, and the optical cable fault position can be determined through the lookup list. Compared with the former method, the optical cable fault position determined by the present method is a known laying path, although the accuracy of the obtained optical cable fault position is not as good as that of the former method, but the present method does not need to call the geographic information system and a large amount of data algorithm, so that the positioning efficiency is higher, and according to the actual troubleshooting process, a larger closed area is set based on the fault position during the troubleshooting process to facilitate troubleshooting construction, especially when excavating equipment is used to excavate the laid pipeline, therefore, the present method not only improves the fault positioning efficiency, but also is more suitable for actual troubleshooting construction. Therefore, the optical cable path is divided into several optical cable path segments, which can be divided according to the different directions of the optical cable laying road, or according to the length of the closed section usually set during actual troubleshooting construction, and the latter not only meets the positioning accuracy requirement, but also avoids affecting the travel of the public as much as possible.

[0114] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limit it.

Claims

1. An optical cable fault location diagnosis system, characterized in that, It includes a management host computer, a monitoring host computer, and reflectors. The monitoring host computer is located at the monitoring station, and the reflectors are located at the sub-stations. Each monitoring host computer is connected to several reflectors by an optical fiber cable. The management host computer and the monitoring host computer are communicatively connected. The monitoring host computer includes a main control module, a power supply module, and a monitoring module. The main control module manages other modules, the power supply module manages system power supply, and the monitoring module includes an optical time domain reflectometer submodule and an optical switch submodule. The optical time domain reflectometer submodule is used for optical cable loss monitoring, optical cable fault monitoring, and fault location, while the optical switch submodule is used to switch the optical channel to be measured to the designated monitoring optical fiber. The management host computer includes a GIS map submodule, which generates an optical cable topology map based on data from a geographic information system and optical cable line resources. The method for generating the optical cable topology map is as follows: The location numbering and labeling of monitoring stations and substations are based on geographic information systems; Acquire known optical cable line resources, and number and label optical cable paths based on a geographic information system to generate a preliminary optical cable topology map; The matching connection relationship of all sites is determined by test signals, and new optical cable paths and their numbers are added based on the known optical cable line resources. The newly added optical cable paths are marked to obtain a complete optical cable topology map; The method for path calibration of newly added optical cable paths includes the following steps: (1) Measure and obtain the total length of the optical cable; (2) Obtain a reference distance based on the location data of the stations connected by the optical cable. Construct a rectangle with the stations connected by the optical cable as diagonal and the road direction as the side. The reference distance is the sum of the distances of any two adjacent sides of the rectangle. (3) Determine whether the total length of the optical cable is equal to the reference distance. If yes, proceed to step (4); otherwise, proceed to step (5). (4) Construct a circular confidence area with the two ends of the station connected by the optical cable as the diameter, find the optical cable laying marks in the confidence area, and exclude the laying marks corresponding to the known optical cable lines; extend all the laying marks along the direction of the road where they are located to obtain continuous intersecting path segments, and ensure that the laying marks are located on the path segments. The continuous intersecting path segments between the two stations are marked as optical cable paths. (5) Construct a circular primary confidence region with the two ends of the station connected by the optical cable as the diameter, and construct a concentric secondary confidence region outside the primary confidence region. The ratio of the diameter of the secondary confidence region to the diameter of the primary confidence region is equal to the total length of the optical cable and the straight-line distance between the two stations connected by the optical cable. Locate the fiber optic cable laying markers within the secondary confidence area and exclude laying markers corresponding to known fiber optic cable lines; extend all laying markers along the direction of their respective roads to obtain continuous intersecting path segments, ensuring that the laying markers are located on the path segments. The continuous intersecting path segments between two sites are then identified as fiber optic cable paths.

2. The optical cable fault location diagnosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The management host computer includes a resource management submodule, an alarm management submodule, and a report management submodule; The resource management submodule is used for basic data management of space resources, optical cable resources, monitoring optical path resources, and monitoring equipment resources, as well as querying basic information of the optical cable network. The alarm management submodule is used to record and query all historical and current alarm information; The report management submodule is used to display the degradation of the monitored optical path as a curve.

3. The optical cable fault location diagnosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the tortuous characteristics of the optical cable path are determined based on the relationship between the total length of the optical cable path and the reference distance, as well as whether the optical cable laying mark is completely located in the first-level confidence area, to help verify the accuracy of the optical cable path marking.

4. The optical cable fault location diagnosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, For optical cables directly connected to the substation and the monitoring station, a non-jump monitoring method is used; for optical cables indirectly connected to the substation and the monitoring station, a jumper monitoring method is used.

5. The optical cable fault location diagnosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical cable fault location method includes the following steps: Obtain the length data of the optical cable fault location; Obtain the path information of the faulty optical cable; Based on the known optical cable path information, combined with the length data of the optical cable fault location, the distance is gradually traversed and accumulated along the optical cable laying path starting from the monitoring station in the geographic information system until the length data of the optical cable fault location is reached. Obtain the location data of the traversal endpoint in the geographic information system and identify it as the fault location.

6. The optical cable fault location diagnosis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical cable fault location method includes the following steps: All optical cable paths are divided into several optical cable path segments according to the laying of the path, and numbered sequentially from the monitoring station to the sub-station, forming a lookup list with optical cable path number and path segment number. Each optical cable path segment in the lookup list has a corresponding lookup range. Obtain the path information of the faulty optical cable and the length data of the fault location of the optical cable, and calculate the lookup value, which is the ratio of the length data of the fault location of the optical cable to the total length of the optical cable. Based on the optical cable path number and the lookup value, the corresponding path segment number is searched in the lookup list. When the lookup value is within a certain lookup range, the path segment number and its location data corresponding to that lookup range are obtained and the fault location is determined.

7. The optical cable fault location diagnosis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for calculating the endpoints of the search range is as follows: In the above formula, i is the path segment number, λ is the left-hand value of the path segment number, δ is the right-hand value of the path segment number, the left-hand value of the smallest path segment number is 0 by default, the right-hand value of the largest path segment number is 1 by default, N is the path length corresponding to the path segment number, and L is the total length of the optical cable path.

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