A tillage layer expansion and carbonation equipment for large-area biochar spreading

Abstract

This invention discloses a topsoil expansion and carbonization device for large-area biochar application, comprising a fan-shaped feed box mounted on an agricultural machine via a frame, an adjustable conveying mechanism within the feed box, with a rotating end and an arc-shaped swinging end at its two ends. The rotating end is rotatably connected to the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and the arc-shaped swinging end is movably fitted to the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. An arc-shaped traveling mechanism is constructed between the arc-shaped swinging end and the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. A feeding gate is installed at the upper end of the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and a discharge port is opened at the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. An arc-shaped adjusting plate or a linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism is installed at the discharge port. This invention can smoothly spread or rotary seed biochar onto the topsoil surface as needed, avoiding clogging that affects the application effect, reducing operational difficulty and labor costs, and improving operational efficiency. This invention is applicable to the technical field of topsoil expansion and carbonization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of soil quality improvement and remediation, specifically, it relates to a topsoil expansion and carbonization device for large-area biochar spreading. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to years of cultivation in grain fields, multiple factors have led to problems such as degradation of the topsoil, poor soil structure, low organic matter content, poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, nutrient imbalance, and deficiency of micronutrients, thus affecting the yield of grain crops. Therefore, soil structure improvement and restoration are necessary to adapt the soil to crop growth. Appropriate application of chemical fertilizers can improve soil nutrient deficiencies, but its impact on soil structure is relatively small. Among soil structure improvement technologies, soil volume expansion and carbonization is one of the most effective techniques. Biochar's microporous structure and negatively charged surface have a positive effect on improving soil water retention capacity, increasing soil aeration and porosity, and enhancing its compressive strength. Furthermore, the organic structure of biochar can promote aggregate formation, thereby improving soil texture and structure. Therefore, in farmland operations, biochar can be spread on the topsoil surface and deep tilled to achieve the goal of improving soil structure. However, in actual application, because biochar is in powder form, it is extremely difficult to evenly disperse it in the topsoil. Figure 15 As shown, only woven bags containing biochar can be placed every few meters, and then the bags must be manually torn open and the biochar spread onto the topsoil; alternatively, manual dust spreading can be used, such as... Figure 16 As shown, biochar transported by agricultural machinery is gradually spread onto the topsoil; finally, it is deeply tilled into the ground. However, this method is only suitable for small-area operations. When spreading biochar over large areas of topsoil, the operation is difficult, labor-intensive, and labor costs are high. On the other hand, existing fertilizer spreading equipment is not suitable for biochar spreading, mainly because biochar is light and has a very small particle size, making it difficult to discharge downwards. Thus, when using a fertilizer spreader, it is very easy to cause blockage at the spreader outlet. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a topsoil expansion and carbonization device for large-area biochar application, which can smoothly spread or rotary seed biochar onto the topsoil surface as needed, avoiding blockage that would affect the application effect, reducing operation difficulty and labor costs, and improving operation efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A topsoil expansion and carbonization device for large-area biochar application includes a fan-shaped feed box mounted on an agricultural machine via a frame. An adjustable conveying mechanism is provided inside the fan-shaped feed box. The two ends of the adjustable conveying mechanism are a rotating end and an arc-shaped swing end, respectively. The rotating end is rotatably connected to the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and the arc-shaped swing end is movably assembled to the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. An arc-shaped walking mechanism is constructed between the arc-shaped swing end and the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. A feeding gate is installed at the upper end of the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and a discharge port is opened at the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. An arc-shaped adjusting plate or a linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism is installed at the discharge port.

[0006] Furthermore, the fan-shaped hopper includes a hopper body with fan-shaped end caps detachably connected to both sides, forming a material-containing cavity within the hopper body. The adjustable material conveying mechanism is assembled within the material-containing cavity. The small-diameter end of the hopper body faces away from the agricultural machinery and tilts downwards. An arc-shaped walking mechanism is constructed between the fan-shaped end caps and the arc-shaped swing end.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjustable conveying mechanism includes multiple double-chain plate conveying units connected side by side. Each double-chain plate conveying unit has a drive shaft connected to both ends. One drive shaft is rotatably connected to two fan-shaped end faces at both ends. A drive sprocket is mounted on the drive shaft. The other drive shaft is connected to the arc-shaped walking mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the double-chain plate conveying unit includes a first transmission chain plate and a second transmission chain plate arranged side by side. A first transmission wheel is connected to both ends of the first transmission chain plate, and a second transmission wheel is connected to both ends of the second transmission chain plate. The first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel located at the same end are respectively mounted on a first shaft tube and a second shaft tube. The first shaft tube and the second shaft tube are both coaxially mounted on a transmission shaft. A plurality of malleable scrapers are installed between the first transmission chain plate and the second transmission chain plate. These malleable scrapers are spaced apart along the extension direction of the first transmission chain plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of first sliding grooves are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the first shaft tube, and a plurality of second sliding grooves are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft tube. Each first sliding groove extends axially from both ends of the first shaft tube, and each second sliding groove extends axially from both ends of the second shaft tube. First sliding bars are formed circumferentially at intervals on the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft. Each first sliding bar extends axially from the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft passes through the first shaft tube and the second shaft tube in sequence, and the first sliding bars are assembled with the corresponding first sliding grooves and second sliding grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, the malleable scraper includes two strip-shaped bodies arranged side by side, with a first connecting ear at the lower end of each strip-shaped body. The two first connecting ears are connected to two connecting seats, and the two connecting seats are respectively installed on a first transmission chain plate and a second transmission chain plate. An elastic scraper body is constructed between the two strip-shaped bodies.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic scraper body located below the first and second transmission chain plates is inclined downward and extends toward the discharge port. The thickness of the elastic scraper body increases from the middle to both sides, and the middle part of the elastic scraper body protrudes away from the first and second transmission chain plates.

[0012] Furthermore, an arc-shaped channel is provided on the fan-shaped end cover, through which the end of the transmission shaft connected to the arc-shaped walking mechanism passes; the arc-shaped walking mechanism includes a transmission gear installed on the end of the transmission shaft, an arc-shaped rack fixed on the fan-shaped end face and located at the arc-shaped channel, the transmission gear and the arc-shaped rack meshing with each other, and an arc-shaped baffle for blocking the arc-shaped channel located below the transmission gear is installed at the end of the transmission shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the linear seeding conversion mechanism includes a mounting cover installed at the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and multiple elastic linear seeding components are rotatably connected to the mounting cover at intervals along the lateral direction of the agricultural machinery. An adjustment component is provided between these elastic linear seeding components and the mounting cover, and each elastic linear seeding component is connected to a drive mechanism installed on the mounting cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the mounting cover has multiple mounting holes. The elastic spiral seeding component includes a seeding component body in the form of a conical spring. The large-diameter end of the seeding component body is rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting hole via a first adapter sleeve. A second adapter sleeve is constructed at the small-diameter end of the seeding component body. The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment screw mounted on the mounting cover and parallel to the axis of the seeding component body. An adjustment seat is mounted on the adjustment screw. Two adjustment nuts are threaded onto the adjustment screw. The two adjustment nuts are tightened onto two opposite end faces of the adjustment seat. Multiple adapter rings are connected to the adjustment seat. Each adapter ring is rotatably fitted onto the corresponding second adapter sleeve.

[0015] The present invention, by employing the aforementioned structure, achieves a technological advancement compared to existing technologies in the following ways: The present invention loads biochar into a fan-shaped hopper, then drives an adjustable conveying mechanism to transport the biochar within the hopper. During this transport process, the rotating end of the adjustable conveying mechanism rotates under the transmission of an arc-shaped traveling mechanism, while the arc-shaped swinging end gradually moves downwards along the arc of the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped hopper. This allows the biochar within the hopper to be gradually transported from top to bottom to the outlet, where it is evenly discharged, preventing blockages. Because the adjustable conveying mechanism transports the biochar from top to bottom, the present invention experiences less resistance, thus improving the conveying efficiency, ensuring equipment stability, and extending service life. The present invention allows for adjustment of the discharge rate at the outlet. Specifically, an arc-shaped adjusting plate is installed at the outlet; by adjusting the position of the adjusting plate, the size of the outlet is adjusted, thereby changing the outlet size and achieving the purpose of adjusting the discharge rate. This invention can be used for spreading biochar, fertilizer, etc. The biochar and fertilizer are loaded into a fan-shaped hopper, and a linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism is installed at the outlet. Driving the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism causes the biochar and fertilizer exiting the outlet to enter the mechanism and then be rotary-seeded out, increasing the spreading range. Alternatively, the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism can be controlled to spread the biochar and fertilizer in a linear pattern, facilitating inter-row fertilization of crops. In summary, this invention can smoothly spread or rotary-seed biochar onto the surface of the cultivated layer as needed, avoiding clogging that affects the spreading effect, reducing operational difficulty and labor costs, and improving operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0017] In the attached diagram:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the present invention with the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism in an embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of the structure shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention connected to the arc-shaped adjustment plate in an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after removing one fan-shaped end cap in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fan-shaped end cap and the arc-shaped walking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single double-chain plate conveying unit in the adjustable conveying mechanism of this invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first and second transmission wheels in the double-chain plate conveying unit of this invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shaped scraper in the double-chain plate conveying unit of this invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-chain plate conveying unit of the present invention, in which the first transmission chain plate and the second transmission chain plate are brought close to each other, causing the plastic scraper to deform.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a front view of the structure of the line-rotation conversion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the mounting cover and the adjustment component in the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic linear rotary seeding component and the adapter ring after separation in the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing the existing woven bags filled with biochar spaced apart on the topsoil.

[0033] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the existing manual application of biochar.

[0034] Components labeled: 100-fan-shaped hopper, 101-hopper body, 102-filling gate, 103-discharge port, 104-fan-shaped end cap, 105-arc-shaped channel, 106-arc-shaped rack, 107-material receiving cavity, 200-adjustable conveying mechanism, 201-first transmission chain plate, 202-second transmission chain plate, 203-moldeable scraper, 2031-strip-shaped body, 2032-elastic scraper body, 2033-first connecting ear, 2034-connecting seat, 204-drive shaft, 205-first slide bar, 206-first transmission wheel, 207-first shaft tube, 208-second transmission wheel, 209-second shaft tube, 300-arc-shaped traveling mechanism, 301-arc-shaped stop bar, 3 02-Transmission gear, 303-Connecting shaft, 400-Line rotary seeding conversion mechanism, 401-Mounting cover, 402-Snap edge, 403-Assembly hole, 404-First adapter sleeve, 405-First annular groove, 406-Seed body, 407-Rotary seeding channel, 408-Second adapter sleeve, 409-Second annular groove, 410-Adapter ring, 411-Adapter ear, 412-Adjusting seat, 413-Adjusting screw, 414-Adjusting nut, 415-Connecting stud, 416-Drive motor, 417-First pulley, 418-Second pulley, 419-Transmission belt, 500-Arc-shaped adjusting plate, 501-Arc-shaped plate, 502-Connecting arm, 600-Transmission sprocket, 700-Frame. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0036] This invention discloses a topsoil expansion and carbon-enhancing device for large-area biochar application, such as... Figure 1-14As shown, the system includes a sector-shaped material box 100, an adjustable conveying mechanism 200, an arc-shaped traveling mechanism 300, and a frame 700. The sector-shaped material box 100 is mounted on the frame 700, which is then mounted on the agricultural machinery. The adjustable conveying mechanism 200 is located within the sector-shaped material box 100. The adjustable conveying mechanism 200 has a rotating end and an arc-shaped swinging end at its two ends. The rotating end is rotatably connected to the small-diameter end of the sector-shaped material box 100, and the arc-shaped swinging end is movably assembled to the large-diameter end of the sector-shaped material box 100. There are two arc-shaped traveling mechanisms 300, each constructed between the arc-shaped swinging end and the large-diameter end of the sector-shaped material box 100, and the two arc-shaped traveling mechanisms 300 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped swinging end. This invention features a feeding gate 102 installed at the upper end of the large-diameter end of a fan-shaped material box 100, and a discharge port 103 at the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped material box 100. An arc-shaped adjusting plate 500 or a linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism 400 is installed at the discharge port 103. The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: Biochar is loaded into the fan-shaped material box 100. Then, an adjustable conveying mechanism 200 is driven to transport the biochar within the fan-shaped material box 100. During the conveying process, under the transmission of the arc-shaped walking mechanism 300, the rotating end of the adjustable conveying mechanism 200 rotates, while the arc-shaped swinging end gradually moves downwards along the arc of the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped material box 100. This allows the biochar within the fan-shaped material box 100 to be gradually transported from top to bottom to the discharge port 103, and then evenly discharged from the discharge port 103, avoiding blockages. This invention utilizes an adjustable conveying mechanism 200 to transport biochar from top to bottom, resulting in lower conveying resistance, thus improving conveying efficiency, ensuring equipment stability, and extending service life. The invention allows for adjustment of the discharge rate at the outlet 103. Specifically, an arc-shaped adjusting plate 500 is installed at the outlet 103. By adjusting the position of the arc-shaped adjusting plate 500, the size of the outlet 103 is adjusted, thereby changing the size of the outlet 103 and achieving the purpose of adjusting the discharge rate. This invention can be used for spreading biochar, fertilizers, etc. The biochar and fertilizers are loaded into a fan-shaped hopper 100, and a linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism 400 is installed at the outlet 103. Driving the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism 400 causes the biochar and fertilizers exiting from the outlet 103 to enter the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism 400, and then be rotary-seeded out, increasing the spreading range. Alternatively, the linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism 400 can be controlled to spread the biochar and fertilizers entering it in a linear pattern, facilitating inter-row fertilization of crops. In summary, this invention can smoothly spread or rotary-seed biochar onto the surface of the cultivated layer as needed, avoiding clogging that affects the spreading effect, reducing operational difficulty and labor costs, and improving operational efficiency.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3-5 As shown, the sector-shaped feed hopper 100 includes a feed hopper body 101 and two sector-shaped end caps 104. The two sector-shaped end caps 104 are detachably mounted on two opposite sides of the feed hopper body 101, forming a material-containing cavity 107 within the feed hopper body 101. This cavity 107 is used to hold biochar, fertilizer, or seeds, etc., and an adjustable conveying mechanism 200 is assembled within the material-containing cavity 107. The smaller diameter end of the feed hopper body 101 faces away from the agricultural machinery and tilts downwards. An arc-shaped traveling mechanism 300 is constructed between the sector-shaped end caps 104 and the arc-shaped swing end. The arc-shaped adjusting plate 500 of this embodiment includes an arc-shaped plate 501, which is disposed at the discharge port 103 of the material box body 101. Connecting arms 502 are fixed at both ends of the arc-shaped plate 501, and the two connecting arms 502 are respectively connected to two fan-shaped end caps 104. By adjusting the angle of the connecting arms 502, the angle of the arc-shaped plate 501 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the part of the arc-shaped plate 501 that blocks the discharge port 103, so that the biochar and other materials coming out of the discharge port 103 are spread on the surface of the tillage layer in a predetermined amount.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 , 7As shown, the adjustable conveying mechanism 200 includes multiple double-chain plate conveying units, which are connected side-by-side along the transverse direction of the fan-shaped material box 100. Each double-chain plate conveying unit has a drive shaft 204 connected to both ends. One drive shaft 204 is rotatably connected to two fan-shaped end faces, and a drive sprocket 600 is mounted on it. A power motor is installed on the fan-shaped end cover 104, and a drive sprocket is mounted on the output shaft of the power motor. This drive sprocket is connected to the drive sprocket 600 via a drive chain. The other drive shaft 204 is connected to the arc-shaped traveling mechanism 300. In this embodiment, the power motor drives one drive shaft 204 to rotate, causing it to move all the double-chain plate conveying units and conveying the biochar below these units, allowing the biochar to gradually discharge through the outlet 103. In this embodiment, the spacing between the double-chain plate conveying units can be changed according to the type of material being conveyed. When fertilizing or adding charcoal evenly on the surface of the tillage layer, adjacent double-chain plate conveying units can be brought close to each other or spliced ​​together. When linear fertilization is required between planting ridges, the spacing of these double-chain plate conveying units can be adjusted to the ridge spacing, and the fan-shaped material box 100 can be divided into multiple chambers according to the ridge spacing using multiple partitions. These chambers are interconnected near the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped material box 100 so that the arc-shaped swing end of the adjustable conveying mechanism 200 can move along an arc at the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped material box 100. In this way, the material in each chamber is conveyed by the corresponding double-chain plate conveying unit and discharged through the discharge port 103 into the furrow or ridge of the corresponding planting ridge (the fertilization site is different for different crops or crops at different growth stages. During the seedling stage, fertilizer is mostly applied to the ridge so that the roots and stems of the crop can absorb it; during the flowering and scion stages, fertilizer is generally applied to the furrow so that the roots of the crop can absorb it).

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 7-10As shown, the double-chain conveyor unit includes a first transmission chain plate 201 and a second transmission chain plate 202 arranged side by side. First transmission wheels 206 are connected to both ends of the first transmission chain plate 201, and second transmission wheels 208 are connected to both ends of the second transmission chain plate 202. The first transmission wheels 206 and 208 located at the same end are respectively mounted on a first shaft tube 207 and a second shaft tube 209. Both the first shaft tube 207 and the second shaft tube 209 are fitted onto a transmission shaft 204, and their axes coincide. During the rotation of the transmission shaft 204, the first shaft tube 207 and the second shaft tube 209 rotate synchronously with the transmission shaft 204. In this embodiment, multiple malleable scrapers 203 are installed between the first transmission chain plate 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202, and these malleable scrapers 203 are spaced apart along the extending direction of the first transmission chain plate 201. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: By adjusting the distance between the first transmission chain plate 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202, the malleable scraper 203 installed between them undergoes a certain degree of elastic deformation, thereby improving the scraping effect of the malleable scraper 203 and enabling it to efficiently convey different materials. When adjusting the distance, the distance between the first shaft tube 207 and the second shaft tube 209 is adjusted to deform the malleable scraper 203. After adjustment, two locking bolts are used to lock the first shaft tube 207 and the second shaft tube 209 to the transmission shaft 204, thereby ensuring that the first shaft tube 207, the second shaft tube 209, and the transmission shaft 204 rotate synchronously. Furthermore, since the first transmission chain plate 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202 are connected through the malleable scraper 203, the first shaft tube 207, and the second shaft tube 209, the double-chain plate conveying unit is a whole, which facilitates accurate adjustment of the connection position between the double-chain plate conveying unit and the transmission shaft 204. However, during the material conveying process, the torque between the first shaft tube 207 and the transmission shaft 204, and the torque between the second shaft tube 209 and the transmission shaft 204 are relatively large. The locking bolts cannot meet the requirement of locking the relative circumferential rotation of the first shaft tube 207 or the second shaft tube 209 with the transmission shaft 204. In order to ensure that the first shaft tube 207 and the transmission shaft 204, and the second shaft tube 209 and the transmission shaft 204 have a high anti-torsional effect and ensure that the three can rotate synchronously, the following measures are taken: multiple first sliding grooves are opened on the inner circumferential surface of the first shaft tube 207, and multiple second sliding grooves are opened on the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft tube 209. Each first sliding groove extends axially from both ends of the first shaft tube 207, and each second sliding groove extends axially from both ends of the second shaft tube 209.In this embodiment, first slide bars 205 are constructed at circumferential intervals on the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 204. Each first slide bar 205 extends axially along the transmission shaft 204. The transmission shaft 204 passes through the first shaft tube 207 and the second shaft tube 209 in sequence. The first slide bars 205 are assembled with corresponding first and second slide grooves.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 9 , 10 As shown, the malleable scraper 203 includes two parallel strip-shaped bodies 2031. The lower ends of these two strip-shaped bodies 2031 are respectively equipped with first connecting ears 2033, which are connected to two connecting seats 2034. The two connecting seats 2034 are respectively mounted on a first transmission chain plate 201 and a second transmission chain plate 202. An elastic scraper body 2032 is constructed between the two strip-shaped bodies 2031. In this embodiment, when the distance between the two first transmission chain plates 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202 is adjusted, the two strip-shaped bodies 2031 are brought closer or further apart, causing the elastic scraper body 2032 located between the two strip-shaped bodies 2031 to undergo elastic deformation. This not only changes the scraping range of the malleable scraper 203 but also alters its scraping capability. In this embodiment, the elastic scraper body 2032, located below the first transmission chain plate 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202, is inclined downwards and extends towards the discharge port 103. The thickness of the elastic scraper body 2032 increases from its center outwards, and the center of the elastic scraper body 2032 protrudes away from the first transmission chain plate 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202. Thus, when the first transmission chain plate 201 and the second transmission chain plate 202 approach each other, the elastic scraper body 2032, being thinner in the center and bulging outwards, gradually bends and forms a digging shovel shape, thereby improving its material digging and conveying capabilities. This type of elastic scraper body 2032 is suitable for conveying materials with high moisture content, high weight, or large particle size. Furthermore, the number of double-chain plate conveying units can be increased or decreased according to the lateral length of the fan-shaped material box 100, thereby achieving the goal of fully conveying materials within the fan-shaped material box 100. In this embodiment, the outer ends of the two strip-shaped bodies 2031 on the malleable scraper 203 that are far apart from each other are provided with chamfers, such as... Figure 10 The chamfer shown reduces the area of ​​the outer end of the malleable scraper 203, thereby reducing the external force borne by the outer end of the malleable scraper 203, so that the malleable scraper 203 will not deform or bend when scraping the surface of biochar.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , 5As shown, an arc-shaped channel 105 is provided on the fan-shaped end cap 104, through which the end of the transmission shaft 204 connected to the arc-shaped walking mechanism 300 passes. The arc-shaped walking mechanism 300 of this embodiment includes a transmission gear 302 mounted on the end of the transmission shaft 204, and an arc-shaped rack 106 fixed on the fan-shaped end face and located at the arc-shaped channel 105. The transmission gear 302 and the arc-shaped rack 106 mesh with each other. An arc-shaped baffle 301 is installed at the end of the transmission shaft 204. This baffle 301 is used to block the portion of the arc-shaped channel 105 located below the transmission gear 302, preventing material in the fan-shaped hopper 100 from leaking out through the arc-shaped channel 105. In this embodiment, during the rotation of the drive shaft 204, the adjustable conveying mechanism 200 conveys the material in the sector-shaped hopper 100. Simultaneously, the drive gear 302 moves along the arc-shaped rack 106, causing the arc-shaped swing end of the adjustable conveying mechanism 200 to move downwards along the extension direction of the arc-shaped rack 106, thereby gradually conveying the material in the sector-shaped hopper 100 from top to bottom. At the same time, the arc-shaped baffle 301 moves accordingly, blocking the side of the arc-shaped channel 105 and the material guide portion. In this embodiment, the drive gear 302 can be mounted on the connecting shaft 303, which is connected to the drive shaft 204 in a reduction gearbox. This slows down the arc-shaped swing end of the adjustable conveying mechanism 200, thus ensuring sufficient material conveying.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11-14As shown, the linear seeding conversion mechanism 400 includes a mounting cover 401, an adjustment component, and multiple elastic linear seeding components. A retaining edge 402 is constructed at one end of the mounting cover 401, which is detachably mounted on the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed hopper 100, thereby allowing the mounting cover 401 to cover the discharge port 103 of the fan-shaped feed hopper 100. The multiple elastic linear seeding components are rotatably connected to the mounting cover 401 at lateral intervals along the agricultural machinery. The adjustment component is disposed between these elastic linear seeding components and the mounting cover 401. Each elastic linear seeding component is drively connected to a drive mechanism mounted on the mounting cover 401. In this embodiment, the mounting cover 401 has multiple mounting holes 403. The elastic linear seeding component includes a seeding body 406 in the form of a conical spring. When the seeding body 406 is in an extended state, a spiral seeding channel 407 is formed circumferentially thereon. When the seeding body 406 is in a compressed state, the diameter of the seeding channel 407 is reduced or completely closed. In this embodiment, a first adapter sleeve 404 and a second adapter sleeve 408 are fixed at the large-diameter end and the small-diameter end of the seeding body 406, respectively. The axes of the first adapter sleeve 404, the second adapter sleeve 408 and the seeding body 406 coincide. A first annular groove 405 is constructed on the outer peripheral wall of the first adapter sleeve 404, and a second annular groove 409 is constructed on the outer peripheral wall of the second adapter sleeve 408. The first adapter sleeve 404 is assembled in the corresponding assembly hole 403, and the first annular groove 405 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the assembly hole 403. The adjustment assembly of this embodiment includes an adjustment screw 413, an adjustment seat 412, and multiple adapter rings 410. The adjustment screw 413 is fixedly mounted on the mounting cover 401, and the axis of the adjustment screw 413 is parallel to the axis of the seed body 406. The adjustment seat 412 is assembled on the adjustment screw 413, and two adjustment nuts 414 are threadedly connected to the adjustment screw 413. These two adjustment nuts 414 are tightened on the two opposite end faces of the adjustment seat 412. The aforementioned multiple adapter rings 410 are rotatably connected to multiple projector bodies 406, that is, the adapter rings 410 are rotatably fitted onto the second annular groove 409 of the second adapter sleeve 408; each adapter ring 410 has two symmetrically constructed adapter ears 411, and connecting studs 415 are fixed on the adjusting seat 412 at positions corresponding to each adapter ear 411. Each connecting stud 415 passes through the corresponding adapter ear 411, and a locking nut is threaded onto the connecting stud 415 for locking the adapter ear 411 and the adjusting seat 412. The drive mechanism of this embodiment includes a drive motor 416 mounted on the mounting cover 401, a first pulley 417 mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 416, and a second pulley 418 coaxially mounted on the first adapter sleeve 404. The first pulley 417 and the second pulley 418 are connected by a transmission belt 419.The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: By controlling the operation of each drive motor 416, each seeding body 406 rotates, thereby discharging materials such as biochar from the fan-shaped material box 100 through the seeding body 406. When the adjusting seat 412 moves a certain distance away from the mounting cover 401, the seeding body 406 is elastically stretched, and the rotary seeding channel 407 gradually enlarges. During the rotation driven by the device, the material is rotary-seeded out through the rotary seeding channel 407, increasing the fertilization area. When it is necessary to spread biochar and other materials linearly, the adjusting seat 412 is moved towards the mounting cover 401, closing the rotary seeding channel 407. In this way, the material entering the seeding body 406 is continuously discharged through the second adapter sleeve 408, falling onto the tillage surface in a straight line.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A topsoil expansion and carbonization device for large-area biochar application, characterized in that: The system includes a fan-shaped feed box mounted on an agricultural machine via a frame. An adjustable feeding mechanism is installed within the feed box. The adjustable feeding mechanism has a rotating end and an arc-shaped swing end at its two ends. The rotating end is rotatably connected to the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and the arc-shaped swing end is movably assembled to the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. An arc-shaped traveling mechanism is constructed between the arc-shaped swing end and the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. A feeding gate is installed at the upper end of the large-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box, and a discharge port is opened at the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. An arc-shaped adjusting plate or a linear rotary seeding conversion mechanism is installed at the discharge port. The adjustable feeding mechanism gradually conveys the material in the fan-shaped feed box from top to bottom. The fan-shaped feed box includes a body with fan-shaped end caps detachably connected to both sides. A material-containing cavity is formed within the body of the feed box. The adjustable feeding mechanism is assembled within the material-containing cavity. The small-diameter end of the feed box body faces away from the agricultural machine and tilts downwards. The arc-shaped traveling mechanism is constructed... Between the fan-shaped end cap and the arc-shaped swing end; the adjustable conveying mechanism includes multiple double-chain plate conveying units connected side by side, each double-chain plate conveying unit having a drive shaft connected to both ends, one drive shaft having two ends rotatably connected to two fan-shaped end faces respectively, and a drive sprocket mounted on the drive shaft, the other drive shaft being connected to the arc-shaped walking mechanism; the double-chain plate conveying unit includes a first drive chain plate and a second drive chain plate arranged side by side, a first drive wheel being connected to both ends of the first drive chain plate, and a second drive wheel being connected to both ends of the second drive chain plate, the first drive wheel and the second drive wheel located at the same end being respectively mounted on a first shaft tube and a second shaft tube, the first shaft tube and the second shaft tube being coaxially fitted onto the drive shaft, and multiple malleable scrapers being installed between the first drive chain plate and the second drive chain plate, these malleable scrapers being spaced apart along the extension direction of the first drive chain plate.

2. The topsoil expansion and carbonization equipment for large-area biochar application according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple first grooves are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the first shaft tube, and multiple second grooves are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the second shaft tube. Each first groove extends axially from both ends of the first shaft tube, and each second groove extends axially from both ends of the second shaft tube. First slide bars are formed circumferentially at intervals on the outer circumferential wall of the transmission shaft. Each first slide bar extends axially from the transmission shaft. The transmission shaft passes through the first shaft tube and the second shaft tube in sequence, and the first slide bars are assembled with the corresponding first grooves and second grooves.

3. The topsoil expansion and carbonization equipment for large-area biochar application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The malleable scraper includes two strip-shaped bodies arranged side by side. The lower ends of the two strip-shaped bodies are respectively provided with first connecting ears. The two first connecting ears are respectively connected to two connecting seats. The two connecting seats are respectively installed on the first transmission chain plate and the second transmission chain plate. An elastic scraper body is constructed between the two strip-shaped bodies.

4. The topsoil expansion and carbonization equipment for large-area biochar application according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic scraper body located below the first and second transmission chain plates is inclined downward and extends toward the discharge port. The thickness of the elastic scraper body increases from the middle to both sides, and the middle part of the elastic scraper body protrudes away from the first and second transmission chain plates.

5. The topsoil expansion and carbonization equipment for large-area biochar application according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped channel is provided on the fan-shaped end cover, and the end of the transmission shaft connected to the arc-shaped walking mechanism passes through the arc-shaped channel; the arc-shaped walking mechanism includes a transmission gear installed on the end of the transmission shaft, and an arc-shaped rack fixed on the fan-shaped end face and located at the arc-shaped channel. The transmission gear and the arc-shaped rack mesh with each other, and an arc-shaped baffle is installed at the end of the transmission shaft to block the arc-shaped channel located below the transmission gear.

6. The topsoil expansion and carbonization equipment for large-area biochar application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear seeding conversion mechanism includes a mounting cover installed at the small-diameter end of the fan-shaped feed box. Multiple elastic linear seeding components are rotatably connected to the mounting cover at intervals along the lateral side of the agricultural machinery. An adjustment component is provided between these elastic linear seeding components and the mounting cover. Each elastic linear seeding component is connected to a drive mechanism installed on the mounting cover.

7. A topsoil expansion and carbonization device for large-area biochar application according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting cover has multiple mounting holes. The elastic wire seeding component includes a seeding body in the shape of a conical spring. The large-diameter end of the seeding body is rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting hole via a first adapter sleeve. A second adapter sleeve is constructed at the small-diameter end of the seeding body. The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment screw mounted on the mounting cover and parallel to the axis of the seeding body. An adjustment seat is mounted on the adjustment screw. Two adjustment nuts are threaded onto the adjustment screw. The two adjustment nuts are tightened onto two opposite end faces of the adjustment seat. Multiple adapter rings are connected to the adjustment seat. Each adapter ring is rotatably fitted onto the corresponding second adapter sleeve.

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