A sandwich-shaped adsorbent device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and synergistic modified biochar.

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of active carbon felt cooperative modified biochar sandwich-shaped adsorber processing waste gas device, including waste gas adsorption cavity, multiple sandwich-shaped adsorbers in waste gas adsorption cavity are all included modified biochar layer, first active carbon felt layer and second active carbon felt layer located in the two sides of modified biochar layer;The double-layer active carbon felt layer and single-layer modified biochar layer of the application are mutually stacked and are formed into three-layer solid sandwich-shaped adsorber with equal thickness by high pressure treatment;Active carbon felt layer is the carbon felt activated by solar electric fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer is the biochar co-fired from luffa and iron-containing sludge;The application repeatedly carries out waste gas treatment by multiple sandwich-shaped adsorbers, efficiently removes organic pollutants from organic waste gas generated in the production process of polypropylene staple fiber, promotes the production and industry development of polypropylene staple fiber, and can save the consumption and cost of electric energy, thereby greatly reducing the treatment cost of organic waste gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental engineering waste gas treatment technology, and specifically relates to a sandwich-shaped adsorbent device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and biochar synergistic modification. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of industrial development, environmental pollution has become a hot topic of discussion worldwide. Air pollutant emissions from various industries are a major contributor to environmental pollution, and removing these pollutants before they enter the environment has become a crucial means of controlling air pollution. Currently, according to incomplete statistics, my country's industries emit as much as 3 million tons of organic waste gas annually during production processes. Organic waste gas refers to volatile organic compounds emitted during industrial production. Because organic waste gas can be converted into PM2.5... 2.5 The industrial production and harmless emission of polypropylene fibers are increasingly attracting widespread attention and have become a key focus of environmental research both domestically and internationally. For example, the organic waste gas generated during the production of polypropylene staple fibers mainly consists of organic compounds such as polyacrylol, benzene, ethyl acetate, butanone, and isopropanol. This is a major cause of photochemical smog, harming atmospheric environmental quality. Industrial organic waste gas treatment technologies include activated carbon adsorption, absorption, biological methods, and adsorption membrane methods. Absorption is a treatment technology that involves contacting an absorbent with organic waste gas, adsorbing the organic compounds in the waste gas into the absorbent. The main problems with this technology are the need for frequent absorbent replacement and the potential for secondary pollution. Biological methods are a relatively environmentally friendly treatment technology, using biological metabolism to decompose toxic and harmful substances in waste gas into water and carbon dioxide, achieving harmless treatment of organic waste gas. However, due to low treatment efficiency and narrow application scope, biological methods have not been widely adopted. Adsorption membrane methods have better effects than powdered adsorbents, but their low adsorption capacity, non-selectivity, and lack of reusability hinder their application. Activated carbon adsorption utilizes the contact between organic waste gas and activated carbon, trapping pollutants in the pores of the activated carbon, ultimately achieving efficient purification of the organic waste gas. In practical production applications, there are two different adsorption processes: physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Chemical adsorption involves a chemical reaction between the adsorbent on the surface of activated carbon and the toxic and harmful components in the waste gas, thereby purifying the organic waste gas. Physical adsorption, on the other hand, utilizes the static friction between the adsorbent surface and the adsorbed molecules to purify the waste gas. Activated carbon adsorption has the advantages of wide applicability, mature technology and low energy consumption, and has been widely used.

[0003] The adsorbent material is crucial in activated carbon adsorption. An adsorbent material is one that can attach a substance (adsorbate) to its surface through physical or chemical adsorption processes. These materials typically possess a large specific surface area and unique pore structures, enabling them to effectively adsorb pollutants in gases, liquids, or dissolved liquids. In practical applications, the adsorbent material directly impacts investment, operating costs, and safety; therefore, extensive research focuses on the development and optimization of adsorbents. Commonly used adsorbent materials in activated carbon adsorption include activated carbon, biochar, activated carbon fibers, and zeolite molecular sieves. Activated carbon particles are porous adsorbents, non-crystalline substances formed from carbonaceous raw materials through carbonization and activation, and have relatively weak adsorption capacity for polar VOCs molecules. Zeolite molecular sieves are porous crystals, primarily composed of crystalline aluminum silicate metal salts. Their framework structure consists of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra and aluminum-oxygen tetrahedra interconnected through shared oxygen atoms, making them suitable for VOCs adsorption at higher temperatures and humidity levels. However, zeolite molecular sieve raw materials are relatively expensive, and their manufacturing process is relatively complex. Biochar is a product of the thermal pyrolysis of various biomass materials in an inert gas atmosphere. Biochar materials are widely available and prepared under relatively mild conditions. Compared to activated carbon, it contains more oxygen and nitrogen, has a richer variety of functional groups, and exhibits higher adsorption capacity. Activated carbon fiber (carbon felt) is a novel fibrous material made from organic fibers exposed to high concentrations of water vapor or carbon dioxide at high temperatures through carbonization and activation. It possesses superior physical properties compared to activated carbon, with a more developed microporous structure, larger specific surface area, better adsorption-desorption performance, and lower adsorption resistance. It is hydrophobic, readily adsorbing nonpolar and weakly polar molecules, while resisting the adsorption of highly polar VOCs. Therefore, it is often modified before practical applications. Both carbon felt and biochar are inexpensive and readily available carbon materials with extremely high specific surface area and adsorption capacity.

[0004] Currently, there is considerable research on the modification of carbon felt and biochar, aiming to apply them in various fields to improve treatment efficiency and reduce costs. Electro-Fenton modification involves generating highly oxidizing active free radicals through electrochemical reactions and introducing them onto the carbon felt surface. This catalyzes the electrode reaction, reduces electrochemical polarization losses, and effectively improves the adsorption performance and treatment efficiency of the carbon felt. Further improvements and designs are needed to further enhance the adsorption performance of modified carbon felt and improve waste gas treatment efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a sandwich-shaped adsorbent device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and biochar. The sandwich-shaped adsorbent, composed of activated carbon felt and biochar, adsorbs waste gas generated during the production of polypropylene staple fibers. This waste gas mainly contains organic pollutants such as polyacrylol, benzene, ethyl acetate, butanone, and isopropanol. The sandwich-shaped adsorbent made of activated carbon felt and biochar replaces traditional adsorption materials, further reducing design costs and achieving green, low-carbon, and efficient waste gas treatment while reducing treatment costs.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a sandwich-shaped adsorbent device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and biochar synergistic modification, comprising a waste gas adsorption chamber (1), with a main air duct inlet (2) connected to the left side of the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) and a main air duct outlet (3) connected to the right side of the waste gas adsorption chamber (1). A pressure sensor (6) and multiple microporous adsorption boxes (4) are installed inside the waste gas adsorption chamber (1), and one sandwich-shaped adsorbent (5) is installed in each microporous adsorption box (4). The pressure sensor (6) is used to monitor the gas pressure inside the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) in real time.

[0008] The sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) includes a modified biochar layer (5-2), a first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and a second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) located on both sides of the modified biochar layer (5-2). The first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) serve as the left and right sandwich layers of the modified biochar layer (5-2). The modified biochar layer (5-2) is subjected to high pressure to form a compact porous solid modified biochar layer in the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), which is used to prevent the activated carbon felt and modified biochar from being stuck together and lost by the waste gas. The microporous adsorption box (4) serves to wrap and fix the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), which is further used to prevent the activated carbon felt and modified biochar from being stuck together and lost by the waste gas.

[0009] When the sandwich-shaped adsorber is in operation, the waste gas is collected and transported by multiple branch ducts to the air inlet (2) of the main duct, and then transported into the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) through the air inlet (2), passing through the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) and reaching the air outlet (3) of the main duct. By monitoring the concentration of organic pollutants in the gas at the air outlet (3) of the main duct, the time and cycle for replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) can be determined.

[0010] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are carbon felt activated by solar electro-Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer (5-2) is biochar made by co-firing bellflower and iron-containing sludge.

[0011] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the top of the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) is provided with a cover, which is opened from above to replace the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) so that the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) in the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) can be replaced regularly. When the cover at the top of the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) is closed, the waste gas adsorption chamber (1) is a sealed space. The waste gas adsorption chamber (1) is tested for sealing regularly to prevent waste gas from leaking out and polluting the environment.

[0012] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the air velocity of the exhaust gas entering the main air duct inlet (2) is controlled by a valve before the inlet, so that the exhaust gas has a velocity of 80-120 m / s. 3 The waste gas enters the adsorption chamber (1) at a constant speed of / h; one adsorption chamber (1) can process 80-120m³ of waste gas per hour. 3 When the wind speed is too high, the exhaust gas cannot be treated to the desired effect; when the wind speed is too low, the exhaust gas cannot be treated to the desired volume.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1), the modified biochar layer (5-2), and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are all 5-25 cm, and the length and width dimensions are 1 m × 1 m.

[0014] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the material of the microporous adsorption box (4) is a fiber membrane with a diameter between 0.1 mm and 2 mm.

[0015] According to an optional embodiment of the present invention, the total length of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber (1) is 7m, the distance between the main air duct inlet (2) and the first sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) is 1m, the interval between two adjacent sandwich-shaped adsorbers (5) is 1m, the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) and the microporous adsorption box (4) are both cuboid structures, the length and width of the cuboid structure are 1m×1m, and the diameter of the main air duct inlet (2) and the main air duct outlet (3) is 60cm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a sandwich-shaped adsorbent device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt synergistically modified biochar, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The sandwich-shaped adsorber for treating waste gas uses inexpensive and readily available carbon felt instead of traditional activated carbon and other adsorption materials, and is used in conjunction with modified biochar to improve the waste gas treatment effect. Moreover, the materials designed in this invention are all inexpensive and readily available carbon materials, which further reduces the cost required for treating organic waste gas.

[0018] (2) The sandwich-shaped adsorber made of activated carbon felt and modified biochar of the present invention can be replaced regularly. The replaced sandwich-shaped adsorber can be recycled after ultrasonic cleaning, so as to achieve green, low-carbon, and efficient treatment of organic waste gas.

[0019] (3) The present invention provides a device that uses green new energy to replace traditional energy resources and uses solar photovoltaic panels to generate electricity to provide all the power required for the sandwich-shaped adsorber to treat waste gas, thereby reducing the cost of wastewater treatment and promoting the green, low-carbon and high-quality development of the new energy industry.

[0020] (4) This invention utilizes a sandwich-shaped adsorber made of activated carbon felt and modified biochar to treat waste gas. This device is easy to operate, simple to prepare, and low in cost, thus achieving low-cost treatment of organic waste gas generated during the production of polypropylene staple fiber. Through repeated research using the sandwich-shaped adsorber, the economic practicality of this method is further improved. Efficiently removing organic pollutants from the organic waste gas generated during the production of polypropylene staple fiber promotes the production and development of the polypropylene staple fiber industry, while saving energy consumption and costs, thereby greatly reducing the cost of treating organic waste gas. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a sandwich-shaped adsorber device for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and biochar synergistic modification, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sandwich-shaped adsorber and the microporous adsorption box provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sandwich-shaped adsorber provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a sandwich-shaped adsorber for treating waste gas using activated carbon felt and biochar in synergistic modification, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. The sandwich-shaped adsorber includes a waste gas adsorption chamber 1. A main air duct inlet 2 is connected to the left side of the waste gas adsorption chamber 1, and a main air duct outlet 3 is connected to the right side of the waste gas adsorption chamber 1. A pressure sensor 6 and multiple microporous adsorption boxes 4 are installed inside the waste gas adsorption chamber 1, with one sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 installed in each microporous adsorption box 4. The pressure sensor 6 is used to monitor the gas pressure inside the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 in real time. In this embodiment, there are three microporous adsorption boxes 4; in other embodiments, the number of microporous adsorption boxes 4 can be set appropriately according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 includes a modified biochar layer 5-2, a first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 and a second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 located on both sides of the modified biochar layer 5-2. The first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 serve as the left and right sandwich layers of the modified biochar layer 5-2, forming a sandwich structure. These three layers are stacked to form a solid sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 with three layers of equal thickness. The modified biochar layer 5-2 is subjected to high pressure to form a compact, porous solid modified biochar layer in the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, preventing the activated carbon felt and modified biochar from being adhered to and lost by the waste gas. The microporous adsorption box 4 serves to wrap and fix the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, further preventing the activated carbon felt and modified biochar from being adhered to and lost by the waste gas.

[0028] When the sandwich-shaped adsorber is in operation, the waste gas is collected and transported by multiple branch ducts to the main duct inlet 2, and then transported into the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 through the main duct inlet 1, passing through the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, and reaching the main duct outlet 3. By monitoring the concentration of organic pollutants in the gas at the main duct outlet 3, the time and cycle for replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 can be determined.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the microporous adsorption box 4 is made of a fiber membrane with a diameter between 0.1 mm and 2 mm. The first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 are carbon felt activated by solar electro-Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer 5-2 is biochar made by co-firing bellflower and iron-containing sludge. The thickness of the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1, the modified biochar layer 5-2, and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 are all 5-25 cm, and the length and width dimensions are 1 m × 1 m. Multiple pores 7 are formed in the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1, the modified biochar layer 5-2, and the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3.

[0030] The top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is equipped with a cover, which can be opened to replace the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5. This allows for the regular replacement of the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 inside the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1. When the cover at the top of the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is closed, the exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is a sealed space. The exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is regularly tested for its sealing performance to prevent exhaust gas from leaking out and polluting the environment.

[0031] The exhaust gas adsorption chamber 1 is 7m long. The distance between the main air duct inlet 2 and the first sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 is 1m. The distance between two adjacent sandwich-shaped adsorbers 5 is 1m. Both the sandwich-shaped adsorbers 5 and the microporous adsorption box 4 are cuboid structures with dimensions of 1m x 1m. The diameters of the main air duct inlet 2 and the main air duct outlet 3 are 60cm.

[0032] The air velocity of the exhaust gas entering the main air duct inlet 2 is controlled by the valve before the inlet, ensuring that the exhaust gas travels at a velocity of 80–120 m / s. 3 The gas enters the waste gas adsorption chamber 1 at a constant speed of / h; one waste gas adsorption chamber 1 can process 80-120m³ of waste gas per hour. 3 When the wind speed is too high, the exhaust gas cannot be treated to the desired effect; when the wind speed is too low, the exhaust gas cannot be treated to the desired volume.

[0033] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the waste gas enters the sandwich-shaped adsorber 5 from the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1 on the left. Some organic pollutants in the waste gas are adsorbed as they pass through the first activated carbon felt layer 5-1. The waste gas then enters the middle modified biochar layer 5-2. Due to high-pressure treatment, the modified biochar layer 5-2 exhibits a dense and porous structure, slowing the waste gas flow and allowing for deep adsorption of the organic pollutants carried in the waste gas. The gas then passes through the modified biochar layer 5-2 and enters the second activated carbon felt layer 5-3 for deep cleaning, where organic pollutants are adsorbed again. This process is repeated in the next sandwich-shaped adsorber 5, achieving a treatment effect of adsorbing over 90% of the organic pollutants in the waste gas, thus realizing low-carbon and environmentally friendly waste gas treatment. This invention, through repeated waste gas treatment using multiple sandwich-shaped adsorbers 5, efficiently removes organic pollutants from the organic waste gas generated during the production of polypropylene staple fiber, promoting the production and development of the polypropylene staple fiber industry. Simultaneously, it saves energy consumption and costs, thereby significantly reducing the cost of treating organic waste gas.

Claims

1. A device for treating exhaust gas with an activated carbon felt sandwiched with a modified biochar as an adsorber, characterized in that, The exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) is connected with the main air pipe air inlet (2) on the left side, and is connected with the main air pipe air outlet (3) on the right side, and the pressure sensor (6) and a plurality of microporous adsorption boxes (4) are arranged in the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1), and one sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) is arranged in each microporous adsorption box (4); the pressure sensor (6) is used for monitoring the gas pressure in the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) in real time; Wherein, the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) includes a modified biochar layer (5-2), a first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and a second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) located on both sides of the modified biochar layer (5-2), the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are used as the left and right clamping layers of the modified biochar layer (5-2), and the modified biochar layer (5-2) is under high pressure conditions, so that the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) forms a compact porous solid modified biochar layer, which is used for avoiding the adhesion and loss of activated carbon felt and modified biochar by exhaust gas; the microporous adsorption box (4) plays a role of wrapping and fixing the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), and is further used for avoiding the adhesion and loss of activated carbon felt and modified biochar by exhaust gas; When the sandwich-shaped adsorber treatment exhaust gas device is running, the exhaust gas is collected and transported by a plurality of branch air pipes to the main air pipe air inlet (2), and then is transported into the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) from the main air pipe air inlet (2), passes through the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5), reaches the main air pipe air outlet (3), and the concentration of organic pollutants contained in the gas of the main air pipe air outlet (3) is monitored to confirm the time and period of replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5); The first activated carbon felt layer (5-1) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) are carbon felt activated by solar electro-Fenton technology, and the modified biochar layer (5-2) is biochar made of prairie turnip and iron-containing sludge.

2. A device for treating exhaust gas with a sandwiched adsorber of activated carbon felt and synergistically modified biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) is provided with a cover for regularly replacing the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) in the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1), when the cover at the top of the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) is closed, the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) is a closed space, and the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) is regularly sealed for preventing exhaust gas loss and environmental pollution.

3. A device for treating exhaust gas with a sandwiched adsorber of activated carbon felt and synergistically modified biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air velocity of the exhaust gas entering the air inlet (2) of the main air duct is controlled by the valve in front of the air inlet, so that the exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) at a uniform speed of 80-120 m 3 / h; one exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) can process 80-120 m 3 / h of exhaust gas per hour. When the air velocity is too fast, the ideal treatment effect cannot be achieved, and when the air velocity is too slow, the ideal exhaust gas treatment capacity cannot be achieved.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by, The thickness of the first activated carbon felt layer (5-1), the modified biochar layer (5-2) and the second activated carbon felt layer (5-3) is 5-25 cm, and the length and width size is 1 m*1 m.

5. The device for treating exhaust gas of sandwich adsorber of activated carbon felt cooperated with modified biochar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the microporous adsorption box (4) is a fiber membrane with a diameter of 0.1-2 mm.

6. A device for treating exhaust gas in a sandwiched adsorber according to claim 1, wherein The total length of the exhaust gas adsorption cavity (1) is 7 m, the distance between the main air pipe air inlet (2) and the first sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) is 1 m, the distance between two adjacent sandwich-shaped adsorbers (5) is 1 m, the sandwich-shaped adsorber (5) and the microporous adsorption box (4) are both cuboid structures, the length and width size of the cuboid structure is 1 m*1 m, and the diameter of the main air pipe air inlet (2) and the main air pipe air outlet (3) is 60 cm.

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