Efficient separation device for oily sludge and separation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient separation device for oily sludge and a separation method thereof.The device comprises a shell, and a strong mixing and dispersing unit, a thermal vibration polymerization unit and a three-phase separation unit which are communicated with one another are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom; the two demulsifiers are respectively used for strong mixing dispersion primary demulsification, thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification and three-phase separation of the oily sludge; by integrating the strong mixing and dispersing unit, the thermal vibration polymerization unit and the three-phase separation unit into the integrated device, the technical problem that the oily sludge is difficult to efficiently separate in the prior art is efficiently solved by using one device; the device has the characteristics of small occupied area, compact arrangement, low maintenance cost, stable and reliable operation, strong adaptability, small secondary pollution and high separation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid-liquid separation, in particular to a high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge and a separation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Oily sludge contains not only a large amount of crude oil, but also radioactive elements, dioxins and pathogens. Considering both economic and environmental aspects, it has become a top priority to recycle and harmlessly treat oily sludge. At present, the main problem of resource utilization of oily sludge is that oily sludge is a viscous solid waste with highly emulsified water, oil and residue. The oil phase contained in oily sludge is composed of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, colloids and asphaltene. The presence of colloids and asphaltene promotes the stability of the emulsion in oily sludge, forming a very stable emulsion system (oil-in-water (O / W) or water-in-oil (W / O) type), which is difficult to demulsify; the size of solid particles in oily sludge can range from less than a few microns to several inches, and most particles are less than 10 microns in size. It is difficult to separate them from the liquid phase because of their small size. Therefore, how to separate the oil from the solid particles in oily sludge has become a key issue in solving the reuse of oily sludge.

[0003] At present, the main method for treating oily sludge is thermal chemical cleaning. The principle of thermal chemical cleaning is to add surfactants as cleaning agents to the oily sludge, wash it repeatedly, mix it thoroughly, destroy the adhesion of water, oil and sludge surfaces, and thus achieve separation. The existing technology and related supporting facilities have the following defects in the treatment of oily sludge: (1) A large amount of surfactants need to be added, the cost of treating oily sludge is too high, and the quality is affected; (2) Oily sludge is a high-viscosity system, the core mixing equipment is easy to clog, and it cannot be treated continuously, which is prone to uneven mixing and poor effect; (3) The energy consumption is large, and the quality of the oily sludge after treatment is low; (4) The process is complicated and the equipment occupies a large area.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN117720252A discloses a fully automatic integrated oily sludge treatment device, control system and treatment method, including a tank body, a first baffle, a second baffle, a mud discharge port, a feed port, and a connecting tee. The oil, water and mud separation of the oily sludge is achieved through a single integrated skid, which greatly reduces the equipment's land cost and control difficulty. The above invention has certain shortcomings when performing the three-phase separation operation of the oily sludge. The oily sludge and the reagent are only mixed by means of a stirring paddle, and the oil, water and mud are separated by standing. In the process of oily sludge treatment, the oily sludge is a high-viscosity system. The oily sludge and the reagent are easily mixed unevenly by stirring with a stirring paddle. At the same time, the separation problem of fine particles in the oily sludge is not solved, which is an important factor that makes it difficult to separate the oil phase and the solid phase. Therefore, the three-phase separation effect of the oily sludge is not good. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge and a separation method thereof. By integrating the intensive mixing and dispersion unit, the thermal vibration polymerization unit and the three-phase separation unit into an integrated device, the technical problem that oily sludge is difficult to be efficiently separated in the prior art is efficiently solved with one device; it has the characteristics of small footprint, compact arrangement, low maintenance cost, stable and reliable operation, strong adaptability, small secondary pollution and high separation efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A highly efficient separation device for oily sludge comprises a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 is provided with interconnected strong mixing and dispersion units 2, thermal vibration polymerization units 3 and three-phase separation units 4 from top to bottom, respectively used for strong mixing and dispersion primary demulsification, thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification and three-phase separation of the oily sludge.

[0008] The strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 includes a driving component 21 and a strong mixing and dispersion component 22 arranged concentrically with the driving component 21. The strong mixing and dispersion component 22 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the driving component 21; the material inlet of the strong mixing and dispersion component 22 is respectively introduced into the oily sludge and the surfactant solution.

[0009] The driving assembly 21 includes a driving motor 211 fixedly arranged on the top of the housing 1, and a power output shaft of the driving motor 211 is connected to a rotating shaft 212 passing through the housing 1;

[0010] The strong mixing and dispersing assembly 22 includes a tray 221 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 212 and at least two material inlet pipes 222 passing through the shell wall of the housing 1. A rotor cavity 223 is fixedly arranged on the tray 221. A dispersion medium 224 is arranged in the rotor cavity 223. The dispersion medium 224 is a spherical steel filler or a spherical ceramic filler. The material inlet pipe 222 is connected to a material distributor 225 arranged between the rotor cavity 223 and the rotating shaft 212. A plurality of spray ports 226 are evenly arranged on the material distributor 225 facing the rotor cavity 223.

[0011] The material inlet pipe 222 is respectively fed with oily sludge and surfactant solution.

[0012] The thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 includes a guide plate 31 arranged below the tray 221 and a heat source inlet pipe 32 passing through the shell wall of the shell 1, one end of the guide plate 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the other end is connected to the extraction and strong mixer 34; a strong mixing and dispersion primary demulsification zone is formed between the guide plate 31 and the inner top of the shell 1; the heat source inlet pipe 32 is connected to the extraction and strong mixer 34; 3 to 5 layers of thermal vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged below the extraction and strong mixer 34, and a liquid accumulation tray 36 is arranged below a layer of the thermal vibration polymerization plates 35 away from the extraction and strong mixer 34, one end of the liquid accumulation tray 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and a thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification zone is formed between the liquid accumulation tray 36 and the guide plate 31.

[0013] A plurality of throat shrinkage holes 351 are evenly arranged on each layer of the thermal vibration polymerization plate 35, and the central axes of the throat shrinkage holes 351 of every two layers of the thermal vibration polymerization plate 35 are staggered; the throat shrinkage holes 351 include a feed section 352, a throat section 353 and a discharge section 354, the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 2 to 4 cm and 20° to 30° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 3 to 5 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 2 to 4, the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 1 to 3 cm and 30° to 60° respectively.

[0014] The three-phase separation unit 4 includes a solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 disposed below the liquid accumulation tray 36 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 , and an oil-water separation component 42 disposed below the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 .

[0015] The solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 comprises a spiral portion 411 and a separation portion 412 connected to the spiral portion 411, wherein the spiral portion 411 is provided with 5 to 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 20 to 35 cm, and the radial and horizontal inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 is 5° to 25°; the separation portion 412 is provided with a solid phase outlet pipe 413 and a liquid phase outlet pipe 414 passing through the shell wall of the shell 1, and the outlet of the liquid phase outlet pipe 414 is provided with an oil-water reflux baffle 415;

[0016] The oil-water separation component 42 includes a gas distributor 421 arranged below the liquid phase outlet pipe 414, and a gas inlet pipe 422, a gas outlet pipe 423, a water phase outlet pipe 424 and an oil phase outlet pipe 425 all passing through the shell wall of the shell 1; the gas distributor 421 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 422 through a pipeline, and an oil-water baffle 426 higher than the oil-water reflux baffle 415 is arranged between the gas distributor 421 and the oil phase outlet pipe 425; the gas outlet pipe 423 is arranged between the separation part 412 and the oil-water reflux baffle 415 and higher than the oil-water baffle 426; the water phase outlet pipe 424 is located below the gas inlet pipe 422; a three-phase separation zone is formed between the liquid accumulation tray 36 and the inner bottom end of the shell 1.

[0017] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: placing the oily sludge and the surfactant solution in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for primary demulsification;

[0019] Step 2: placing the heat source and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification;

[0020] Step 3: Place the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste and an oil-water mixture; place the oil-water mixture and gas in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater.

[0021] In the step 1, the mass volume ratio of the oily sludge to the surfactant solution is 10kg:(1-4)L, the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 0.1%-3%kg / L, the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersion unit 2 is 100-300r / min; the amount of heat source added in the step 2 is 2%-10% of the mass of the original oily sludge, the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.1-1.5MPa; the gas pressure in the step 3 is 0.1-0.5MPa.

[0022] The surfactant solution in step 1 is one or more combinations of polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and petroleum sulfonate; the heat source in step 2 is one of hot water, steam and hot nitrogen; the gas in step 3 is air or nitrogen.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Aiming at the high-viscosity material property of oily sludge, the present invention arranges a dispersion medium in the form of filler balls in the rotor cavity. Compared with the traditional stirring shaft mixing equipment, the contact area between the oily sludge and the surfactant is increased, the mixing degree of the materials is more uniform, the mass transfer process is strengthened, and the consumption of the surfactant is greatly reduced, the processing cost is reduced, and the secondary pollution problem caused by the large-scale use of the surfactant is reduced; for the high-viscosity material operation system, the filler ball ratio can be flexibly adjusted according to the solid content of the oily sludge, and compared with the fixed filler layer operation system, it is not easy to be blocked, and the mixing efficiency is improved; the filler balls have low manufacturing cost, are easy to clean and replace, and have low maintenance cost.

[0025] 2. The present invention processes the oily sludge after primary demulsification through a pumping strong mixer and then sends it to a heat vibration polymerization plate, so that the fine solid flocculent particles in the oily sludge are gradually flocculated and enlarged at the throat holes of the multi-layer heat vibration polymerization plates, and aggregate to form larger particles, significantly generating a solid-water-oil interface in the oily sludge, destroying the stable emulsion system in the oily sludge, and solving the technical problem that the fine solid particles in the oily sludge are difficult to remove and the separation effect is poor.

[0026] 3. The present invention utilizes a heat source to directly heat and moisten the oily sludge, thereby enhancing its fluidity and reducing its viscosity, thereby preventing the oily sludge from clogging the throat holes of the thermal vibration polymerization plate due to excessively high viscosity. Compared with indirect heating methods such as resistive heaters or heating pipes, the heat source directly heats the oily sludge, which is less expensive and more economical.

[0027] 4. The present invention utilizes the density difference between the solid and liquid phases of oily sludge, and separates the solid and liquid phases by setting a solid-liquid recyclone separator and an oil-water separation component. The liquid phase enters the oil-water separation component, and the water phase and the oil phase in the liquid phase are separated under the dual action of gravity and air force, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of oil-water separation, thereby realizing the three-phase separation of solid phase, water phase and oil phase.

[0028] In summary, the present invention integrates the strong mixing and dispersion unit, the thermal vibration polymerization unit and the three-phase separation unit into an integrated device, and efficiently solves the technical problem of the difficulty in efficiently separating oily sludge in the prior art with one device; it has the characteristics of small footprint, compact configuration, low maintenance cost, stable and reliable operation, strong adaptability, small secondary pollution and high separation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a highly efficient separation device for oily sludge according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the intensive mixing and dispersion component provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 A top view of the heat-vibrating polymer plate provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the throat shrinkage hole of the thermal vibration polymerization plate provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the solid-liquid recyclone separator provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the solid-liquid recyclone separator A provided by the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: housing 1, strong mixing and dispersing unit 2, driving assembly 21, driving motor 211, rotating shaft 212, strong mixing and dispersing assembly 22, tray 221, material inlet pipe 222, rotor chamber 223, dispersing medium 224, material distributor 225, spray port 226, thermal vibration polymerization unit 3, guide plate 31, heat source inlet pipe 32, flange 33, extraction strong mixer 34, thermal vibration polymerization plate 35, throat shrinkage hole 351, inlet Material section 352, throat section 353, discharge section 354, liquid accumulation tray 36, three-phase separation unit 4, solid-liquid re-spinning separator 41, spiral section 411, separation section 412, solid phase outlet pipe 413, liquid phase outlet pipe 414, oil-water reflux baffle 415, oil-water separation component 42, gas distributor 421, gas inlet pipe 422, gas outlet pipe 423, water phase outlet pipe 424, oil phase outlet pipe 425, oil-water partition 426. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge comprises a shell 1, wherein the shell 1 is provided with interconnected strong mixing and dispersion units 2, thermal vibration polymerization units 3 and three-phase separation units 4 from top to bottom, respectively used for strong mixing and dispersion primary demulsification, thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification and three-phase separation of the oily sludge;

[0038] The strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 comprises a driving component 21 and a strong mixing and dispersing component 22 arranged concentrically with the driving component 21, and the strong mixing and dispersing component 22 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the driving component 21; the material inlet of the strong mixing and dispersing component 22 is respectively introduced into the oily sludge and the surfactant solution;

[0039] The driving assembly 21 includes a driving motor 211 fixedly arranged on the top of the housing 1, and a power output shaft of the driving motor 211 is connected to a rotating shaft 212 passing through the housing 1;

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the strong mixing and dispersing component 22 includes a tray 221 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 212 and at least two material inlet pipes 222 passing through the shell wall of the shell 1, the tray 221 is fixedly provided with a rotor cavity 223, and a dispersion medium 224 is provided in the rotor cavity 223. The dispersion medium 224 is a spherical steel filler or a spherical ceramic filler, which can make the high-viscosity material running system less prone to blockage. The filler material and size ratio can be flexibly adjusted according to the solid content in the sludge. The filler has low manufacturing cost, is easy to clean and replace, and has low maintenance cost; the material inlet pipe 222 is connected to a material distributor 225 arranged between the rotor cavity 223 and the rotating shaft 212, and a plurality of spray ports 226 are evenly arranged on the material distributor 225 facing the rotor cavity 223; the material inlet pipe 222 is divided into The oily sludge and the surfactant solution are introduced separately, the shape of the spray port 226 for the oily sludge is square or oval, and the shape of the spray port 226 for the surfactant solution is circular; the material inlet pipe 222 is arranged in the following manner: the material inlet pipes 222 for respectively introducing the oily sludge and the surfactant solution are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the shell 1, or the material inlet pipe 222 for introducing the oily sludge and the material inlet pipe 222 for introducing the surfactant solution are arranged on both sides of the shell 1 respectively; when the number of the material inlet pipes 222 is set to 2N+1 (N is not less than 1), the material inlet pipe 222 for introducing the oily sludge is one more than the material inlet pipe 222 for introducing the surfactant solution; in this embodiment, the number of the material inlet pipes 222 is set to two, and the oily sludge and the surfactant solution are introduced respectively;

[0041] The heat vibration polymerization unit 3 includes a guide plate 31 arranged below the tray 221 and a heat source inlet pipe 32 passing through the shell wall of the shell 1. The guide plate 31 is an inverted cone-shaped guide structure. One end of the guide plate 31 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and the other end is connected to the extraction strong mixer 34 through a flange 33; a strong mixing and dispersion primary demulsification zone is formed between the guide plate 31 and the inner top of the shell 1; the heat source inlet pipe 32 is connected to the extraction strong mixer 34; 3 to 5 layers of heat vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged below the extraction strong mixer 34, and each layer of the heat vibration polymerization plate 35 is evenly provided with a number of shrinkage holes 351, such as Figure 3 As shown, the central axes of the throat-shrinking holes 351 of every two layers of heat-vibration polymer plates 35 are arranged in a staggered manner. The throat-shrinking holes 351 include a feed section 352, a throat section 353 and a discharge section 354. The length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 2 to 4 cm and 20° to 30°, respectively. The length L2 of the throat section 353 is 3 to 5 cm, and the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 2 to 4. The length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 1 to 3 cm and 30° to 60°, respectively. Figure 4As shown; a liquid collection tray 36 is arranged below the thermal vibration polymerization plate 35 away from the extraction strong mixer 34, one end of the liquid collection tray 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 1, and an overflow weir is arranged on the liquid collection tray 36; a thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification zone is formed between the liquid collection tray 36 and the guide plate 31.

[0042] The three-phase separation unit 4 includes a solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 disposed below the liquid accumulation tray 36 and an oil-water separation assembly 42 disposed below the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41, wherein the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1; the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 includes a spiral portion 411 and a separation portion 412 connected to the spiral portion 411, wherein the spiral portion 411 is provided with 5 to 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 20 to 35 cm, and the radial inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 to the horizontal direction is 5° to 25°, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown; the separation portion 412 is provided with a solid phase outlet pipe 413 and a liquid phase outlet pipe 414 passing through the shell wall of the shell 1, and the pipe mouth of the liquid phase outlet pipe 414 is provided with an umbrella-shaped oil-water reflux baffle 415;

[0043] The oil-water separation component 42 includes an annular gas distributor 421 arranged below the liquid phase outlet pipe 414, and a gas inlet pipe 422, a gas outlet pipe 423, a water phase outlet pipe 424 and an oil phase outlet pipe 425 all passing through the shell wall of the shell 1. The gas distributor 421 is connected to the gas inlet pipe 422 through a pipeline, and the gas distributor 421 is used to generate a large number of tiny bubbles of non-polar molecules; an oil-water baffle 426 higher than the oil-water reflux baffle 415 is arranged between the gas distributor 421 and the oil phase outlet pipe 425; the gas outlet pipe 423 is arranged between the separation part 412 and the oil-water reflux baffle 415 and higher than the oil-water baffle 426; the water phase outlet pipe 424 is located below the gas inlet pipe 422; a three-phase separation zone is formed between the liquid accumulation tray 36 and the inner bottom end of the shell 1.

[0044] The working principle of the efficient separation device for oily sludge of the present invention is as follows:

[0045] During operation, the drive motor 211 is started to drive the rotor chamber 223 on the tray 221 to rotate in a circle, and the oily sludge and the surfactant solution are respectively transported to the corresponding material distributor 225 through the two material inlet pipes 222. Under the action of centrifugal force, the packing layer in the rotor chamber 223 is continuously mixed from the inside to the outside step by step for strong mixing and dispersion, and the emulsion is broken once. When the spherical packing rotates, it brings great liquid turbulence, so that the oily sludge and the surfactant solution in the packing layer are mixed more evenly, and finally the mixed material is thrown out from the outer edge of the rotor chamber 223 to the guide plate 31; the heat source is passed through The heat source inlet pipe 32 is transported to the extraction and strong mixer 34, and the oily sludge entering the extraction and strong mixer 34 from the guide plate 31 is violently collided and mixed. The heat source further cuts the oil-water interface that has not been destroyed, destroying the integrity of the oil-water interface. When the oily sludge after secondary mixing and dispersion passes through the throat holes 351 of the layers of thermal vibration polymerization plates 35, turbulent collision occurs to perform thermal vibration polymerization and secondary demulsification. The solid particles in the oily sludge are continuously flocculated and enlarged, aggregated into larger solid particles, and flow into the liquid accumulation plate 36; after the oily sludge liquid level on the liquid accumulation plate 36 exceeds the overflow weir, it flows into the solid-liquid re-spinning separator Separator 41, due to the different densities of the solid and liquid phases, stratification occurs on the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41, the solid phase with high density settles quickly and sinks into the lower layer of the liquid flow, while the liquid phase with low density settles slowly and floats on the upper layer of the liquid flow. The disturbance of the liquid flow in the vertical direction strengthens the stratification of the oily sludge according to density. At the same time, the liquid phase moves toward the outer edge under the outward thrust of the horizontal water flow and the centrifugal force, and the solid phase moves toward the inner edge under the inward thrust of the horizontal water flow and the gravity. The solid phase and the liquid phase move along their respective rotation radii. The separation part 412 separates the oily sludge into a solid phase and a liquid phase in the horizontal direction. The oily sludge in the solid phase The waste residue is discharged through the solid phase outlet pipe 413, and the oil-water mixture in the liquid phase enters the oil-water separation component 42. At the same time, air is introduced into the gas distributor 421 to generate a large number of tiny bubbles of non-polar molecules. The oil droplets in the liquid phase discharged from the liquid phase outlet pipe 425 will be repelled by the water molecules, and are easily adhered to the bubbles when they are close to them, rising with the oil droplets, and floating above the water surface with the bubbles, thereby realizing the separation of the oil phase and the water phase in the liquid phase. The oil phase floats and flows into the oil pool through the upper edge of the oil-water partition 426 and is discharged through the oil phase outlet pipe 425, and the water phase sinks to the bottom of the water pool and is discharged through the water phase outlet pipe 424.

[0046] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: placing the oily sludge and the surfactant solution in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for primary demulsification; the mass volume ratio of the oily sludge to the surfactant solution is 10kg:(1-4)L, the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 0.1%-3%kg / L, the surfactant solution is one or more combinations of polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and petroleum sulfonate, and the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 is 100-300r / min;

[0048] Step 2: placing the heat source and the oily sludge after the primary demulsification in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification; the heat source is one of hot water, steam and hot nitrogen, the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.1-1.5 MPa, and the amount of the heat source added is 2%-10% of the mass of the original oily sludge;

[0049] Step 3: placing the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste residue and an oil-water mixture; placing the oil-water mixture and gas in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas is air or nitrogen, and the pressure of the gas is 0.1 to 0.5 MPa.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: 100 kg of oily sludge and 40 L of surfactant solution are placed in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for primary demulsification; the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 2.5% kg / L, the surfactant solution is a mixed solution of polyacrylamide and polyaluminium chloride, and the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to polyaluminium chloride is 1:2; the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 is 300 r / min;

[0053] Step 2: placing steam and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 1.5 MPa, and the amount of steam added is 8% of the mass of the original oily sludge;

[0054] Step 3: Place the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste residue and oil-water mixture; place the oil-water mixture air in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the air is 0.5MPa.

[0055] In the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge in this embodiment, four layers of heat vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged, and their dimensional parameters are as follows: the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 4 cm and 30° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 4 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 2, the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 2 cm and 45° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 are as follows: the spiral portion 411 is arranged with 7 layers, the pitch L4 is 30 cm, and the radial inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 to the horizontal direction is 5°.

[0056] In this embodiment, oily sludge at the bottom of a crude oil purification tank in an oil production plant is selected. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge is 34.52%, the oil content is 49.78%, and the solid content is 15.70%; after separation, the water content and solid content in the oil are 0.45% and 0.56%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled; the oil content in the wastewater is 4.37 mg / l, which meets the requirements of GB31570-2015 "Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Emission Standard"; the water content and oil content in the sludge waste residue are 32.05% and 1.33%, respectively, which meets the technical requirements of Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge" for use as industrial production raw materials.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: 100 kg of oily sludge and 40 L of surfactant solution are placed in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for one demulsification; the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 3% kg / L, the surfactant solution is a mixed solution of triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the mass ratio of triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is 1:0.5:2, and the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 is 200 r / min;

[0060] Step 2: placing the hot nitrogen and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 1.0 MPa, and the amount of hot nitrogen added is 10% of the mass of the original oily sludge;

[0061] Step 3: placing the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste residue and an oil-water mixture; placing the oil-water mixture and nitrogen in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the nitrogen is 0.3MPa.

[0062] In the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge in this embodiment, 5 layers of heat vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged, and their dimensional parameters are as follows: the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 3 cm and 25° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 5 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 4, the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 3 cm and 60° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 are as follows: the spiral portion 411 is arranged in 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 35 cm, and the radial inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 to the horizontal direction is 10°.

[0063] In this embodiment, oily sludge from the bottom of a crude oil tank of a certain refining company is selected. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge is 35.75%, the oil content is 53.59%, and the solid content is 10.66%; after separation, the water content and solid content in the oil are 0.93% and 0.41%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled; the oil content in the wastewater is 4.75 mg / l, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Emission Standard"; the water content and oil content in the sludge waste residue are 34.03% and 1.26%, respectively, which meets the technical requirements of Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge" for use as industrial production raw materials.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0066] Step 1: 100 kg of oily sludge and 10 L of surfactant solution are placed in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for primary demulsification; the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 0.1% kg / L, the surfactant solution is petroleum sulfonate, and the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 is 100 r / min;

[0067] Step 2: placing hot water and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.1 MPa, and the amount of hot water added is 2% of the mass of the original oily sludge;

[0068] Step 3: Place the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste residue and an oil-water mixture; place the oil-water mixture and air in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the air is 0.1 MPa.

[0069] In the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge in this embodiment, three layers of heat vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged, and their dimensional parameters are as follows: the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 2 cm and 20° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 5 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 2, the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 3 cm and 30° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 are as follows: the spiral portion 411 is arranged in 5 layers, the pitch L4 is 20 cm, and the radial inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 to the horizontal direction is 20°.

[0070] In this embodiment, a mixed sample of sun-dried sludge from a certain refinery company was selected. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge was 16.90%, the oil content was 26.47%, and the solid content was 56.63%; after separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 0.51% and 0.92%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled; the oil content in the wastewater was 3.72 mg / l, which met the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Emission Standard"; the water content and oil content in the oily sludge waste residue were 12.03% and 0.96%, respectively, which met the technical requirements of Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge" for use as industrial production raw materials.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: 100 kg of oily sludge and 30 L of surfactant solution are placed in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for primary demulsification; the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 2.0% kg / L, the surfactant solution is a mixed solution of polyaluminium chloride and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the mass ratio of polyaluminium chloride to sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is 2:1, and the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 is 150 r / min;

[0074] Step 2: placing hot water and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 0.5 MPa, and the amount of hot water added is 5% of the mass of the original oily sludge;

[0075] Step 3: Place the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste and an oil-water mixture; place the oil-water mixture and air in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the gas pressure of the air is 0.4MPa.

[0076] In the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge in this embodiment, 5 layers of heat vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged, and their dimensional parameters are as follows: the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 3 cm and 28° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 3 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 3, the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 2 cm and 40° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 are as follows: the spiral portion 411 is arranged in 6 layers, the pitch L4 is 25 cm, and the radial inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 to the horizontal direction is 15°.

[0077] In this embodiment, a mixed sample of oily sludge from the upper, middle and lower parts of the oil sludge pool of a certain oil refinery was selected. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge was 37.76%, the oil content was 33.98%, and the solid content was 28.26%; after separation, the water content and solid content in the oil were 0.95% and 0.78%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled; the oil content in the wastewater was 4.26 mg / l, which met the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Emission Standard"; the water content and oil content in the oily sludge waste were 42.31% and 1.25%, respectively, which met the technical requirements of Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control Restrictions on Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge" for use as industrial production raw materials.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] A highly efficient separation method for oily sludge, using the highly efficient separation device for oily sludge to separate, comprises the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: placing 100 kg of oily sludge and 20 L of surfactant solution in a strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 for one demulsification; the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 1.0% kg / L, the surfactant solution is a mixed solution of polyacrylamide, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the mass ratio of polyacrylamide, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is 1:0.5:0.2:1, and the speed of the driving motor 211 of the strong mixing and dispersing unit 2 is 250 r / min;

[0081] Step 2: placing steam and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 for secondary demulsification; the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe 32 of the thermal vibration polymerization unit 3 is 1.2 MPa, and the amount of steam added is 3% of the mass of the original oily sludge;

[0082] Step 3: Place the oily sludge that has undergone secondary demulsification in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste residue and an oil-water mixture; place the oil-water mixture and air in the oil-water separation component 42 of the three-phase separation unit 4 for oil-water separation to obtain oil and wastewater; the pressure of the air is 0.2MPa.

[0083] In the high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge in this embodiment, three layers of heat vibration polymerization plates 35 are arranged, and their dimensional parameters are as follows: the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section 352 are 4 cm and 23° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section 353 is 4 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section 353 is 2, the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section 354 are 1 cm and 50° respectively; the dimensional parameters of the solid-liquid recyclone separator 41 are as follows: the spiral portion 411 is arranged in 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 35 cm, and the radial inclination angle γ of the blades of the spiral portion 411 to the horizontal direction is 25°.

[0084] In this embodiment, oily sludge at the bottom of a waste oil pool of an oil production plant is selected. Before separation, the water content of the oily sludge is 41.54%, the oil content is 18.04%, and the solid content is 40.42%; after separation, the water content and solid content in the oil are 1.21% and 0.82%, respectively, and the separated and recovered oil can be recycled; the oil content in the wastewater is 4.17 mg / l, which meets the requirements of GB 31570-2015 "Petroleum Refining Industry Pollutant Emission Standard"; the water content and oil content in the sludge waste residue are 35.31% and 0.73%, respectively, which meets the technical requirements of Shaanxi Provincial Local Standard DB61 / T1025-2016 "Control and Restriction of Disposal and Utilization of Oily Sludge" for use as industrial production raw materials.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient separation device for oily sludge, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The shell (1) is provided with interconnected strong mixing and dispersion units (2), thermal vibration polymerization units (3) and three-phase separation units (4) from top to bottom, respectively used for strong mixing and dispersion primary demulsification, thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification and three-phase separation of oily sludge.

2. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strong mixing and dispersing unit (2) comprises a driving component (21) and a strong mixing and dispersing component (22) arranged concentrically with the driving component (21), the strong mixing and dispersing component (22) being fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the driving component (21); the oily sludge and the surfactant solution are respectively introduced into the material inlet of the strong mixing and dispersing component (22).

3. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The driving assembly (21) comprises a driving motor (211) fixedly arranged on the top of the housing (1), and a power output shaft of the driving motor (211) is connected to a rotating shaft (212) passing through the housing (1); The strong mixing and dispersing component (22) comprises a tray (221) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (212) and at least two material inlet pipes (222) passing through the shell wall of the shell (1); a rotor cavity (223) is fixedly arranged on the tray (221); a dispersion medium (224) is arranged in the rotor cavity (223); the dispersion medium (224) is a spherical steel filler or a spherical ceramic filler; the material inlet pipe (222) is connected to a material distributor (225) arranged between the rotor cavity (223) and the rotating shaft (212); a plurality of spray ports (226) are evenly arranged on the material distributor (225) facing the rotor cavity (223); The material inlet pipe (222) is respectively fed with oily sludge and surfactant solution.

4. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) comprises a guide plate (31) arranged below the tray (221) and a heat source inlet pipe (32) passing through the shell wall of the shell (1); one end of the guide plate (31) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1), and the other end is connected to the extraction and strong mixer (34); a strong mixing and dispersion primary demulsification zone is formed between the guide plate (31) and the inner top of the shell (1); the heat source inlet pipe (32) is connected to the extraction and strong mixer (34); 3 to 5 layers of thermal vibration polymerization plates (35) are arranged below the extraction and strong mixer (34); a liquid accumulation tray (36) is arranged below a layer of the thermal vibration polymerization plates (35) away from the extraction and strong mixer (34); one end of the liquid accumulation tray (36) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1), and a thermal vibration polymerization secondary demulsification zone is formed between the liquid accumulation tray (36) and the guide plate (31).

5. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of throat shrinkage holes (351) are evenly arranged on each layer of the heat vibration polymerization plate (35), and the central axes of the throat shrinkage holes (351) of every two layers of the heat vibration polymerization plate (35) are arranged in a staggered manner; the throat shrinkage holes (351) include a feed section (352), a throat section (353) and a discharge section (354), the length L1 and the tapered angle α of the feed section (352) are 2 to 4 cm and 20° to 30° respectively, the length L2 of the throat section (353) is 3 to 5 cm, the aspect ratio of the throat section (353) is 2 to 4, and the length L3 and the tapered angle β of the discharge section (354) are 1 to 3 cm and 30° to 60° respectively.

6. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-phase separation unit (4) comprises a solid-liquid recyclone separator (41) arranged below the liquid accumulation tray (36) and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1), and an oil-water separation component (42) arranged below the solid-liquid recyclone separator (41).

7. The high-efficiency separation device for oily sludge according to claim 6 is characterized by: The solid-liquid recyclone separator (41) comprises a spiral portion (411) and a separation portion (412) connected to the spiral portion (411); the spiral portion (411) is provided with 5 to 8 layers, the pitch L4 is 20 to 35 cm, and the radial direction of the blades of the spiral portion (411) and the inclination angle γ of the horizontal direction are 5° to 25°; the separation portion (412) is provided with a solid phase outlet pipe (413) and a liquid phase outlet pipe (414) passing through the shell wall of the shell (1); the pipe mouth of the liquid phase outlet pipe (414) is provided with an oil-water reflux baffle (415); The oil-water separation component (42) comprises a gas distributor (421) arranged below the liquid phase outlet pipe (414), and a gas inlet pipe (422), a gas outlet pipe (423), a water phase outlet pipe (424) and an oil phase outlet pipe (425) all of which pass through the shell wall of the shell (1); the gas distributor (421) is connected to the gas inlet pipe (422) through a pipeline, and an oil-water baffle (426) higher than the oil-water reflux baffle (415) is arranged between the gas distributor (421) and the oil-water reflux baffle (415); the gas outlet pipe (423) is arranged between the separation part (412) and the oil-water reflux baffle (415) and is higher than the oil-water baffle (426); the water phase outlet pipe (424) is located below the gas inlet pipe (422); and a three-phase separation zone is formed between the liquid accumulation tray (36) and the inner bottom end of the shell (1).

8. A method for efficiently separating oily sludge, using the above-mentioned efficient separation device for separating oily sludge for separation, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: placing the oily sludge and the surfactant solution in a strong mixing and dispersing unit (2) for primary demulsification; Step 2: placing the heat source and the oily sludge that has been demulsified once in step 1 in a thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) for secondary demulsification; Step 3: placing the oily sludge that has been demulsified twice in step 2 in the solid-liquid recyclone separator (41) of the three-phase separation unit (4) for solid-liquid separation to obtain oily sludge waste residue and oil-water mixture; placing the oil-water mixture and gas in the oil-water separation component (42) of the three-phase separation unit (4) for oil-water separation to obtain oil liquid and wastewater.

9. The method for efficiently separating oily sludge according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step 1, the mass volume ratio of the oily sludge to the surfactant solution is 10kg:(1-4)L, the mass concentration of the surfactant solution is 0.1%-3%kg / L, the rotation speed of the driving motor (211) of the strong mixing and dispersion unit (2) is 100-300r / min; the amount of heat source added in the step 2 is 2%-10% of the mass of the original oily sludge, the pressure of the heat source inlet pipe (32) of the thermal vibration polymerization unit (3) is 0.1-1.5MPa; the gas pressure in the step 3 is 0.1-0.5MPa.

10. The method for efficiently separating oily sludge according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surfactant solution in step 1 is one or more combinations of polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, triethylenetetramine, sodium metasilicate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and petroleum sulfonate; the heat source in step 2 is one of hot water, steam and hot nitrogen; the gas in step 3 is air or nitrogen.

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