A pre-pile method for a boot-type jacket structure and its construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a pre-piling method for a pile-shoe type jacket structure and its construction method, aiming to provide a pre-piling method for a pile-shoe type jacket structure and its construction method that can avoid underwater pile cutting operations, thereby reducing construction difficulty and cost, and improving construction efficiency. The pre-piling method for a pile-shoe type jacket structure includes several steel pipe piles, several pile shoes, and a jacket body. The pile shoes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the jacket body and are fitted onto the steel pipe piles. Each steel pipe pile has a pile shoe fitted onto it. A limiting support component is provided at the top of the pile shoe, and the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component. In actual construction, the limiting support component is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile to ensure that the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power engineering, specifically to a pre-piling method for a pile-shoe type jacket structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy source, and wind power generation is one of the most technologically mature, scalable, and promising power generation methods among new energy sources. With its abundant resources, good environmental benefits, and gradually decreasing power generation costs, wind power will become an important energy source.

[0003] Offshore wind turbine structures typically consist of three parts: the wind turbine main unit, the tower, and the foundation. Wind turbine foundations come in various forms, including monopile, multipile jacket foundations, suction cylinder jacket foundations, and high-pile foundations. Among these, multipile jacket foundations (hereinafter referred to as jacket foundations) use three or more steel pipe piles driven into the seabed and connected to them by a jacket.

[0004] The jacket foundation is equipped with sleeves, which are grouted to connect to the steel pipe piles. The upper part is connected to the tower via flanges. The jacket foundation also serves as a foundation leveling mechanism. The connection between the jacket foundation and the steel pipe piles can be made on the water surface in shallow water and underwater in deeper water. The jacket foundation has wide adaptability, especially suitable for projects with large single-unit capacity and deep water, and its requirements for seabed geological conditions are not high.

[0005] Based on the order of pile driving, jacket foundations are divided into pre-pile jacket foundations and post-pile jacket foundations. Post-pile jacket foundations are typically used for substation foundations. In a post-pile jacket foundation, the jacket is first laid down, and then the steel pipe piles are driven into the seabed. For shallower waters, there is also a special type of post-pile jacket structure that uses pile driving within the main legs.

[0006] The pre-pile method for jacket foundations is commonly used for wind turbine foundations. This method requires first driving steel pipe piles; then, as... Figure 10 As shown, the jacket foundation is installed by inserting the bottom insert legs 10 into the corresponding steel pipe piles 2, and is supported on the upper end of the steel pipe piles by the steel top plate 11 at the top of the insert legs. However, the current pre-pile method jacket foundation has the following shortcomings.

[0007] Firstly, in actual construction, the significant uncertainty of seabed geological conditions can lead to variations in the elevation of the tops of the steel pipe piles (sometimes exceeding 3 or 5 meters). Since the jacket structure is a prefabricated structure with fixed dimensions, underwater pile cutting is often required before installing the jacket in current pre-pile jacket foundation construction methods to ensure uniform elevation of the tops of the steel pipe piles, in order to prevent tilting after installation. However, underwater pile cutting requires divers, which complicates construction, affects efficiency, and increases both difficulty and cost. This is particularly challenging for deep-water jackets at depths of 50-80 meters.

[0008] In existing technologies, the post-pile method for jacket foundations does not require consideration of underwater pile cutting. However, the disadvantage of the post-pile method for jacket foundations is that the sealing structure is complex and the overall cost is high, far exceeding the cost of underwater pile cutting.

[0009] Secondly, during the installation of the jacket support, for ease of installation, the insertion legs of the jacket support are of different lengths. Typically, there is one longest, one second longest, and two shorter legs. During installation, the longest leg is inserted into the steel pipe pile first, followed by the second longest leg, and finally the two shorter legs. During installation, it is difficult for the jacket support to maintain a consistently stable state, such as... Figure 11 As shown, when the angle between the insertion leg column 10 and the steel pipe pile 2 is too large, the protective key will not be able to effectively protect the grouting sealing ring 5 (there are certain requirements for the minimum gap between the steel pipe pile and the insertion leg column, and the size of the protective key cannot be increased to protect the grouting sealing ring, otherwise it will affect the smooth insertion of the insertion leg column into the steel pipe pile). The steel pipe pile is prone to bumping into the grouting sealing ring on the insertion leg column, resulting in damage to the grouting sealing ring.

[0010] If the length of the insert leg is extended to increase the distance between the grouting sealing ring and the lower end of the insert leg, the angle between the steel pipe pile and the insert leg will be smaller when the insert leg is inside the steel pipe pile and reaches a position that may damage the grouting sealing ring. This would allow the protective key to protect the grouting sealing ring and prevent the steel pipe pile from bumping into it. However, this will create new problems. Specifically, the extended length of the insert leg will require a corresponding extension of the suspended section of the steel pipe pile (i.e., the steel pipe pile above the seabed). Otherwise, after the insert leg is inserted into the steel pipe pile, seabed soil inside the steel pipe pile will flow into the grouting sealing ring and fill the grouting cavity. This will prevent the grout from effectively connecting the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile during subsequent grouting, affecting the stability of the jacket installation structure. On the other hand, extending the suspended section of the steel pipe pile will also affect the stability of the jacket installation structure and have a certain negative impact on structural safety (in actual design, the suspended section of the steel pipe pile should be as short as possible). Summary of the Invention

[0011] The primary objective of this invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art where underwater pile cutting is required during the construction of the jacket foundation using the pre-piling method to prevent the jacket from tilting after installation. This causes difficulties in construction, affects construction efficiency, and increases construction difficulty and cost. The invention provides a pre-piling method for a pile-shoe-type jacket structure and its construction method that can avoid underwater pile cutting, thereby reducing construction difficulty and cost and improving construction efficiency.

[0012] The second objective of this invention is to provide a pre-piling method for a pile-shoe type jacket jacket structure and its construction method that can effectively avoid damage to the grouting sealing ring during the installation of the jacket without affecting the stability of the jacket installation structure.

[0013] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0014] A pre-piling method using a pile-shoe type jacket structure includes several steel pipe piles and a jacket body, as well as several pile shoes. The pile shoes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the jacket body and are fitted onto the steel pipe piles. Each steel pipe pile has a pile shoe fitted onto it. A limiting support component is provided at the top of the pile shoe, supporting it on top of the steel pipe pile. During actual construction, the limiting support component is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile to ensure that the pile shoes on all steel pipe piles are at the same height. In the actual construction of the pre-piling method for the jacket-type guide frame structure, steel pipe piles are first driven into the seabed. Then, based on the top elevation of each steel pipe pile, the limiting support components at the top of each pile shoe are adjusted (by lengthening or shortening the limiting support components). These limiting support components eliminate the differences in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile, ensuring that the pile shoes are supported on top of the steel pipe piles. With all the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile at the same height, the guide frame can be erected upright without underwater pile cutting, preventing tilting. Therefore, underwater pile cutting is avoided while ensuring the guide frame is erected upright and preventing tilting, thus reducing construction difficulty and cost, and improving construction efficiency.

[0015] Preferably, the lower part of the inner wall of the pile shoe is also provided with a grouting sealing ring, which is sealed to the outer wall of the steel pipe pile. The lower end of the pile shoe is provided with a guide extension sleeve that extends downward. The length of the guide extension sleeve is greater than or equal to the set value, and the guide extension sleeve is inserted into the seabed soil layer.

[0016] Several circumferentially distributed protective keys are provided on the inner wall of the pile shoe below the grouting sealing ring. Each protective key has a protective bevel facing the center of the pile shoe. Because the grouting sealing ring is inside the pile shoe, it will not be damaged by external objects or other structural impacts before the steel pipe pile is inserted into the pile shoe. More importantly, without affecting the stability of the guide extension sleeve, the problem of damage to the grouting sealing ring during the installation of the guide frame can be effectively avoided. Specifically, during the installation of the guide extension sleeve, the upper end of the steel pipe pile will be inserted into the guide extension sleeve first, thereby guiding the pile shoe. When the top of the steel pipe pile approaches the grouting sealing ring, the relative angle between the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile is kept small. In this way, the protective keys can effectively protect the grouting sealing ring, preventing the steel pipe pile from bumping into the grouting sealing ring. The sealing ring can cause damage to the grouting seal ring. On the other hand, after the pile shoe is supported on top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component, the guide extension sleeve will be inserted into the seabed soil layer. In this way, the installation height of the bottom of the guide frame will not increase due to the setting of the guide extension sleeve. At the same time, since the pile shoe is located outside the steel pipe pile, the soil on the seabed will not flow into the grouting seal ring during the insertion of the guide extension sleeve into the seabed soil layer. Therefore, it will not affect the subsequent grouting between the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile, ensuring that the grouting material connects the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile as one.

[0017] Preferably, a guide assembly located below the protective key is also included, comprising several guide blocks circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the pile shoe or the inner wall of the guide extension sleeve, with a guide ramp on the side of the guide block facing the center of the pile shoe. Thus, during the installation of the guide frame, the guide ramp of the guide block can guide the steel pipe pile inserted into the pile shoe, facilitating the smooth descent of the pile shoe and ensuring the grouting gap between the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile.

[0018] Preferably, the limiting support component includes several chains or wire ropes forming a mesh structure above the top of the pile shoe. This mesh structure reliably supports the pile shoe on top of the steel pipe piles, vertically limiting the position of the guide frame. Furthermore, when there are differences in the top elevation of the various steel pipe piles, these differences can be eliminated by adjusting the length of the chains or wire ropes connected to the top of the pile shoe. This ensures that after the pile shoe is supported on top of the steel pipe piles by the limiting support component, the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height, thus keeping the guide frame upright and preventing tilting. The adjustment is also relatively quick, allowing for adjustments to be made on-site.

[0019] Preferably, the limiting support component includes:

[0020] A supporting steel frame is located above the top of the pile shoe;

[0021] Several steel bars are circumferentially distributed around the pile shoe. The lower ends of the steel bars are welded or bolted to the pile shoe, and the upper ends are welded or bolted to the supporting steel frame. The limiting support component formed by the supporting steel frame and the steel bars can reliably support the pile shoe on top of the steel pipe pile, thus limiting the position of the guide frame vertically. On the other hand, when there are differences in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile, the difference in top elevation of each steel pipe pile can be eliminated by adjusting the distance between the supporting steel frame and the top of the pile shoe. After the pile shoe is supported on top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component, the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height, thereby making the main body of the guide frame upright and preventing tilting. If the lower end of the steel bar is bolted to the pile shoe, or the upper end of the steel bar is bolted to the supporting steel frame, adjustments can be made on-site. If the lower end of the steel bar is welded to the pile shoe, or the upper end of the steel bar is welded to the supporting steel frame, the distance between the supporting steel frame and the top of the pile shoe needs to be adjusted during the manufacturing process at the processing plant according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile. This method is mainly suitable for applications where there is a long interval between the construction of the steel pipe pile and the construction of the guide frame.

[0022] Preferably, the limiting support component includes an upper support cylinder, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the pile shoe. The upper end of the upper support cylinder extends upward, and a support cover plate is provided at the upper end of the upper support cylinder. This method is mainly suitable for applications where there is a long interval between the construction of steel pipe piles and the construction of the jacket. During the manufacturing process in the factory, the length of the upper support cylinder is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile to eliminate the difference in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile. After the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component, the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height, thereby making the main body of the jacket upright and preventing tilting.

[0023] Preferably, an anti-sinking plate is also included, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the jacket structure. The anti-sinking plate has several arrayed through holes and is embedded in the seabed soil. The anti-sinking plate limits the settlement of the jacket structure.

[0024] Preferably, the lower end of the pile shoe has an enlarged section with an inner diameter that gradually increases from top to bottom. Adding an enlarged section to the lower end of the pile shoe facilitates the insertion of the pile shoe into the steel pipe pile.

[0025] A construction method for a pre-piled, pile-shoe-type jacket structure includes the following steps:

[0026] First, steel pipe pile installation: driving steel pipe piles into the seabed;

[0027] Second, obtain the top elevation of each steel pipe pile; then, based on the obtained top elevation of each steel pipe pile, adjust the limiting support component so that after the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component, the pile shoe on each steel pipe pile can be at the same height.

[0028] Third, install the main body of the guide frame, and put the pile shoe on the corresponding steel pipe pile, so that the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component. At this time, the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height.

[0029] Fourth, grouting and sealing: Grouting is performed between the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile to integrate them into one unit. The construction method of this pre-piling method for the pile shoe-type jacket structure adjusts the limiting support components at the top of each pile shoe (lengthening or shortening the limiting support components) based on the top elevation of each steel pipe pile. These limiting support components eliminate differences in the top height of each steel pipe pile, ensuring that after the pile shoe is supported on top of the steel pipe pile, the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height. This eliminates the need for underwater pile cutting, allowing the jacket structure to be upright immediately and preventing tilting. Therefore, while ensuring the jacket structure is upright after installation and preventing tilting, underwater pile cutting is avoided, thus reducing construction difficulty and costs, and improving construction efficiency.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] Firstly, it can ensure that the jacket is upright after installation and avoids tilting, thus avoiding underwater pile cutting operations, thereby reducing construction difficulty and cost, and improving construction efficiency.

[0032] Secondly, it can effectively avoid damage to the grouting sealing ring during the installation of the jacket without affecting the stability of the jacket installation structure. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pre-pile method for the construction of a boot-type jacket structure according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the limiting support component of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the pile shoe of the present invention, which is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of another embodiment of the limiting support component of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the limiting support component of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the pile shoe of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, during the process of inserting the pile shoe into the steel pipe pile in the construction of a pile shoe type guide frame structure using the pre-piling method.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the anti-sinking plate of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the anti-sinking plate of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the existing pre-pile method jacket foundation after the insertion leg column is fully inserted into the steel pipe pile.

[0043] Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the process of inserting the insertion leg column into the steel pipe pile in the existing pile-first method of jacket foundation.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] The main body of the jacket is 1, the connecting column leg is 1.1, and the connecting plate is 1.2;

[0046] 2 steel pipe piles;

[0047] Piling shoe 3, connecting ring 3.0, enlarged diameter section 3.1;

[0048] Limiting support component 4, chain 4.1, support steel frame 4.2, steel bar 4.3, diagonal brace 4.4, upper support cylinder 4.5, support cover plate 4.6;

[0049] Grouting sealing ring 5;

[0050] Guiding extension sleeve 6;

[0051] Guide block 7, guide ramp 7.1;

[0052] Protective key 8, protective bevel 8.1;

[0053] Anti-sinking plate 9;

[0054] Insert leg post 10;

[0055] Steel roof plate 11. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0057] Specific Implementation Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, a pre-piling method using a pile shoe type jacket structure includes several steel pipe piles 2, several pile shoes 3, and a jacket body 1. The pile shoes 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the jacket body 1. The pile shoes 3 are fitted onto the steel pipe piles 2, and each steel pipe pile 2 is fitted with one of the pile shoes 3. A limiting support component 4 is provided at the top of the pile shoe 3. The pile shoe 3 is supported on top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4.

[0058] During actual construction, the limit support component 4 is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2 so that the pile shoe 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 is at the same height.

[0059] In the actual construction of the pre-piling method for the jacket-type guide frame structure in this embodiment, steel pipe piles 2 are first driven into the seabed. Then, based on the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, the limiting support component 4 at the top of each pile shoe 3 is adjusted (lengthened or shortened). The limiting support component 4 eliminates the difference in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, so that after the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height. Underwater pile cutting is not required, and the main body 1 of the guide frame can be uprighted, avoiding tilting. Therefore, underwater pile cutting is avoided while ensuring that the guide frame is upright after installation and avoiding tilting, thereby reducing construction difficulty and cost, and improving construction efficiency.

[0060] In this embodiment, the pile shoe 3 corresponds one-to-one with the steel pipe pile 2. The pile shoe 3 is made of steel pipe, but it can also be made of other metal materials.

[0061] In one embodiment of this example, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the limiting support component 4 includes several chains 4.1 or wire ropes, which form a mesh structure above the top of the pile shoe 3. This mesh structure reliably supports the pile shoe 3 on top of the steel pipe pile 2, vertically limiting the position of the guide frame. Furthermore, when there are differences in the top elevation of the various steel pipe piles 2, the differences can be eliminated by adjusting the length of the chains 4.1 or wire ropes connected to the top of the pile shoe 3. This ensures that after the pile shoe 3 is supported on top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height, thus keeping the guide frame body 1 upright and preventing tilting. The adjustment is also relatively quick, allowing for adjustments to be made on-site.

[0062] Specifically, the top of the pile shoe 3 has several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting holes. The end of the chain 4.1 or wire rope is fixedly connected to the connecting holes. The connecting holes are formed in the following ways: First, the top of the pile shoe 3 has several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting rings 3.0 fixed, and the inner hole of the connecting ring 3.0 forms the connecting hole. Second, the connecting hole is formed by directly opening a hole in the top of the side wall of the pile shoe 3.

[0063] In the second embodiment of this example, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the limiting support component 4 includes a supporting steel frame 4.2 and several steel bars 4.3 evenly distributed around the pile shoe 3. There are 3-6 steel bars 4.3. In this embodiment, there are 4 steel bars 4.3. The supporting steel frame 4.2 is in the shape of a cross, X, Y, or other shapes. The supporting steel frame 4.2 is located above the top of the pile shoe 3. The steel bars 4.3 are vertically distributed. The lower ends of the steel bars 4.3 are welded or bolted to the pile shoe 3, and the upper ends of the steel bars 4.3 are welded or bolted to the supporting steel frame 4.2. The limiting support component 4 formed by the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the steel bars 4.3 can reliably support the pile shoe 3 on top of the steel pipe pile 2, and vertically limit the position of the guide frame. On the other hand, when there are differences in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, the difference in top elevation can be eliminated by adjusting the distance between the top of the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the top of the pile shoe 3. After the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height, thereby making the main body of the guide frame 1 upright and avoiding tilting. If any one of the connections between the lower end of the steel bar 4.3 and the pile shoe 3, or between the upper end of the steel bar 4.3 and the supporting steel frame 4.2, is bolted, the distance between the top of the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the top of the pile shoe 3 can be adjusted on the construction site.

[0064] When the lower end of the steel bar 4.3 is connected to the pile shoe 3 and the upper end of the steel bar 4.3 is connected to the supporting steel frame 4.2 by welding, the distance between the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the top of the pile shoe 3 needs to be adjusted during the manufacturing process in the processing plant according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2. This method is mainly applicable to situations where the interval between the construction of the steel pipe pile 2 and the construction of the jacket is long.

[0065] In this embodiment, a diagonal brace 4.4 is also provided between the upper end of the steel bar 4.3 and the supporting steel frame 4.2. The upper part of the diagonal brace 4.4 is inclined towards the center of the supporting steel frame 4.2. The diagonal brace 4.4 serves to strengthen the structure on the one hand, and on the other hand, it helps to adjust the relative position between the steel pipe pile 2 and the pile shoe 3, so that the four steel bars 4.3 are subjected to uniform force.

[0066] In the third embodiment of this example, as follows: Figure 5As shown, the limiting support component 4 includes an upper support cylinder 4.5, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the pile shoe 3. The upper end of the upper support cylinder 4.5 extends upward, and a support cover plate 4.6 is provided at the upper end of the upper support cylinder 4.5. The upper support cylinder 4.5 and the pile shoe 3 are integrally formed; or the lower end of the upper support cylinder 4.5 is welded to the upper end of the pile shoe 3; or the lower end of the upper support cylinder 4.5 is connected to the upper end of the pile shoe 3 through a flange. This method is mainly suitable for applications where there is a long interval between the construction of the steel pipe pile 2 and the construction of the jacket. During the manufacturing process in the factory, the length of the upper support cylinder 4.5 is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2 to eliminate the difference in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2. After the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height, thereby making the jacket body 1 upright and avoiding tilting.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, when the pile shoe 3 is supported on top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the lower end of the pile shoe 3 is close to the seabed or inserted into the seabed soil layer. In this embodiment, when the pile shoe 3 is supported on top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the lower end of the pile shoe 3 is inserted into the seabed soil layer.

[0068] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the jacket body 1 is provided with connecting legs 1.1 corresponding to the pile shoes 3, and the pile shoes 3 are fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting legs 1.1. In this embodiment, a plurality of connecting plates 1.2 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top between the pile shoes 3 and the corresponding connecting legs 1.1. The connecting plates 1.2 are perpendicular to the axis of the pile shoes 3, and are welded to the pile shoes 3 and to the connecting legs 1.1. The pile shoes 3 are close to the connecting legs 1.1, or the outer wall of the pile shoes 3 is close to the outer wall of the connecting legs 1.1.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the lower end of the pile shoe 3 is provided with an enlarged diameter section 3.1 whose inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the axial length of the enlarged diameter section 3.1 is less than or equal to half of the inner diameter of the pile shoe 3. Adding the enlarged diameter section 3.1 to the lower end of the pile shoe 3 facilitates the insertion of the pile shoe 3 into the steel pipe pile 2.

[0070] It should be noted that the lower end of the pile shoe 3 may not have the enlarged diameter section 3.1, that is, the inner and outer diameters of the pile shoe 3 are the same from top to bottom.

[0071] Specific embodiment two, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7As shown, a pre-piling method using a pile shoe type jacket structure includes several steel pipe piles 2, several pile shoes 3, and a jacket body 1. The pile shoes 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the jacket body 1. The pile shoes 3 are fitted onto the steel pipe piles 2, and each steel pipe pile 2 is fitted with one of the pile shoes 3. In this embodiment, the pile shoes 3 correspond one-to-one with the steel pipe piles 2, and the pile shoes 3 are made of steel pipe. A limiting support component 4 is provided at the top of the pile shoe 3. The pile shoes 3 are supported on the top of the steel pipe piles 2 by the limiting support component 4. During actual construction, the limiting support component 4 is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2 to ensure that the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height.

[0072] like Figure 7 As shown, a grouting sealing ring 5 is also provided on the lower part of the inner wall of the pile shoe 3. The grouting sealing ring 5 is sealed to the outer wall of the steel pipe pile 2. A guide extension sleeve 6 extending downward is provided at the lower end of the pile shoe 3. The length of the guide extension sleeve 6 is greater than or equal to a set value. In this embodiment, the length of the guide extension sleeve 6 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the pile shoe 3. The inner diameter of the guide extension sleeve 6 is consistent with the inner diameter of the pile shoe 3. When the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the guide extension sleeve 6 is completely inserted into the seabed soil layer. The pile shoe 3 and the guide extension sleeve 6 are integrally formed structures; or the pile shoe 3 and the guide extension sleeve 6 are welded together. The grouting sealing ring 5 is located above the seabed.

[0073] Several circumferentially evenly distributed protective keys 8 are provided on the inner wall of the pile shoe 3 below the grouting sealing ring 5, with the protective keys 8 close to the grouting sealing ring 5. A protective inclined surface 8.1 is provided on the side of the protective key 8 facing the center of the pile shoe 3. The upper end of the protective inclined surface 8.1 slopes towards the center of the pile shoe 3.

[0074] In the actual construction of the pre-piling method for the jacket-type guide frame structure in this embodiment, steel pipe piles 2 are first driven into the seabed. Then, based on the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, the limiting support component 4 at the top of each pile shoe 3 is adjusted (lengthened or shortened). The limiting support component 4 eliminates the difference in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, so that after the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height. Underwater pile cutting is not required, and the main body 1 of the guide frame can be uprighted, avoiding tilting. Therefore, underwater pile cutting is avoided while ensuring that the guide frame is upright after installation and avoiding tilting, thereby reducing construction difficulty and cost, and improving construction efficiency.

[0075] On the other hand, since the grouting sealing ring 5 is inside the pile shoe 3, it will not be damaged by external foreign objects or other structural impacts before the steel pipe pile 2 is inserted into the pile shoe 3. More importantly, without affecting the stability of the guide extension sleeve 6, the problem of damage to the grouting sealing ring 5 during the installation of the guide frame can be effectively avoided. Specifically, during the installation of the guide frame, due to the setting of the guide extension sleeve 6, the upper end of the steel pipe pile 2 will be inserted into the guide extension sleeve 6 first, thereby guiding the pile shoe 3. When the top of the steel pipe pile 2 is close to the grouting sealing ring 5, the relative angle between the pile shoe 3 and the steel pipe pile 2 is kept small. In this way, the grouting sealing ring 5 can be effectively protected by the protective key 8, preventing the steel pipe pile 2 from bumping into the grouting ring. The sealing ring 5 is damaged due to the grouting seal ring 5. After the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the guide extension sleeve 6 will be inserted into the seabed soil layer. In this way, the installation height of the bottom of the guide frame will not be increased due to the setting of the guide extension sleeve 6. At the same time, since the pile shoe 3 is located outside the steel pipe pile 2, the soil on the seabed will not flow into the grouting seal ring 5 during the insertion of the guide extension sleeve 6 into the seabed soil layer. Therefore, it will not affect the subsequent grouting between the pile shoe 3 and the steel pipe pile 2, ensuring that the grouting material connects the pile shoe 3 and the steel pipe pile 2 as one.

[0076] The grouting sealing ring 5 is a rubber sealing strip. This rubber sealing strip can be a regular rubber sealing strip (i.e., a sealing strip that does not swell when exposed to water) or a water-absorbing sealing strip that swells. In this embodiment, the grouting sealing ring 5 is a water-free sealing strip.

[0077] In one embodiment of this example, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the limiting support component 4 includes several chains 4.1 or wire ropes, which form a mesh structure above the top of the pile shoe 3. This mesh structure reliably supports the pile shoe 3 on top of the steel pipe pile 2, vertically limiting the position of the guide frame. Furthermore, when there are differences in the top elevation of the various steel pipe piles 2, the differences can be eliminated by adjusting the length of the chains 4.1 or wire ropes connected to the top of the pile shoe 3. This ensures that after the pile shoe 3 is supported on top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height, thus keeping the guide frame body 1 upright and preventing tilting. The adjustment is also relatively quick, allowing for adjustments to be made on-site.

[0078] Specifically, the top of the pile shoe 3 has several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting holes. The end of the chain 4.1 or wire rope is fixedly connected to the connecting holes. The connecting holes are formed in the following ways: First, the top of the pile shoe 3 has several circumferentially evenly distributed connecting rings 3.0 fixed, and the inner hole of the connecting ring 3.0 forms the connecting hole. Second, the connecting hole is formed by directly opening a hole in the top of the side wall of the pile shoe 3.

[0079] In the second embodiment of this example, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the limiting support component 4 includes a supporting steel frame 4.2 and several steel bars 4.3 evenly distributed around the pile shoe 3. There are 3-6 steel bars 4.3. In this embodiment, there are 4 steel bars 4.3. The supporting steel frame 4.2 is in the shape of a cross, X, Y, or other shapes. The supporting steel frame 4.2 is located above the top of the pile shoe 3. The steel bars 4.3 are vertically distributed. The lower ends of the steel bars 4.3 are welded or bolted to the pile shoe 3, and the upper ends of the steel bars 4.3 are welded or bolted to the supporting steel frame 4.2. The limiting support component 4 formed by the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the steel bars 4.3 can reliably support the pile shoe 3 on top of the steel pipe pile 2, and vertically limit the position of the guide frame. On the other hand, when there are differences in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, the difference in top elevation can be eliminated by adjusting the distance between the top of the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the top of the pile shoe 3. After the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height, thereby making the main body of the guide frame 1 upright and avoiding tilting. If any one of the connections between the lower end of the steel bar 4.3 and the pile shoe 3, or between the upper end of the steel bar 4.3 and the supporting steel frame 4.2, is bolted, the distance between the top of the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the top of the pile shoe 3 can be adjusted on the construction site.

[0080] When the lower end of the steel bar 4.3 is connected to the pile shoe 3 and the upper end of the steel bar 4.3 is connected to the supporting steel frame 4.2 by welding, the distance between the supporting steel frame 4.2 and the top of the pile shoe 3 needs to be adjusted during the manufacturing process in the processing plant according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2. This method is mainly applicable to situations where the interval between the construction of the steel pipe pile 2 and the construction of the jacket is long.

[0081] In this embodiment, a diagonal brace 4.4 is also provided between the upper end of the steel bar 4.3 and the supporting steel frame 4.2. The upper part of the diagonal brace 4.4 is inclined towards the center of the supporting steel frame 4.2. The diagonal brace 4.4 serves to strengthen the structure on the one hand, and on the other hand, it helps to adjust the relative position between the steel pipe pile 2 and the pile shoe 3, so that the four steel bars 4.3 are subjected to uniform force.

[0082] In the third embodiment of this example, as follows: Figure 5As shown, the limiting support component 4 includes an upper support cylinder 4.5, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the pile shoe 3. The upper end of the upper support cylinder 4.5 extends upward, and a support cover plate 4.6 is provided at the upper end of the upper support cylinder 4.5. The upper support cylinder 4.5 and the pile shoe 3 are integrally formed; or the lower end of the upper support cylinder 4.5 is welded to the upper end of the pile shoe 3; or the lower end of the upper support cylinder 4.5 is connected to the upper end of the pile shoe 3 through a flange. This method is mainly suitable for applications where there is a long interval between the construction of the steel pipe pile 2 and the construction of the jacket. During the manufacturing process in the factory, the length of the upper support cylinder 4.5 is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2 to eliminate the difference in the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2. After the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height, thereby making the jacket body 1 upright and avoiding tilting.

[0083] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the jacket body 1 is provided with connecting legs 1.1 corresponding to the pile shoes 3, and the pile shoes 3 are fixedly connected to the corresponding connecting legs 1.1. In this embodiment, a plurality of connecting plates 1.2 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top between the pile shoes 3 and the corresponding connecting legs 1.1. The connecting plates 1.2 are perpendicular to the axis of the pile shoes 3, and are welded to the pile shoes 3 and to the connecting legs 1.1. The pile shoes 3 are close to the connecting legs 1.1, or the outer wall of the pile shoes 3 is close to the outer wall of the connecting legs 1.1.

[0084] Furthermore, the lower end of the pile shoe 3 is provided with an enlarged diameter section whose inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the enlarged diameter section is located at the lower end of the guide extension sleeve 6, and the axial length of the enlarged diameter section is less than or equal to half of the inner diameter of the pile shoe 3. Adding an enlarged diameter section at the lower end of the pile shoe 3 facilitates the insertion of the pile shoe 3 into the steel pipe pile 2.

[0085] It should be noted that the lower end of the pile shoe 3 may not have an enlarged diameter section, meaning that the inner and outer diameters of the pile shoe 3 are consistent from top to bottom.

[0086] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, a pre-pile method for installing a jacket-type guide frame structure also includes a guide assembly. The guide assembly is located below the protective key 8. The guide assembly includes several guide blocks 7 arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the jacket 3 or the inner wall of the guide extension sleeve 6. A guide ramp 7.1 is provided on the side of the guide block 7 facing the center of the jacket 3. The upper end of the guide ramp 7.1 is inclined towards the center of the jacket 3. Thus, during the installation of the jacket, the guide ramp 7.1 of the guide block 7 can guide the steel pipe pile 2 into the jacket 3, facilitating the smooth descent of the jacket 3 and ensuring the grouting gap between the jacket 3 and the steel pipe pile 2.

[0087] In this specific embodiment, the remaining structure is the same as in specific embodiment one or specific embodiment two, except that...

[0088] like Figure 8 As shown, a pre-piling method for a jacket-type guide frame structure also includes an anti-settlement plate 9. The anti-settlement plate 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide frame body 1, and has several arrayed through holes. The anti-settlement plate 9 is embedded in the seabed soil layer. The anti-settlement plate 9 restricts the settlement of the guide frame. Reinforcing ribs are welded to the anti-settlement plate 9 to enhance its structural strength and friction.

[0089] In one embodiment of this example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the anti-settlement plate 9 covers the entire bottom of the jacket body 1. This implementation method is suitable for soil layers with poor geological conditions and achieves better anti-settlement effect.

[0090] In another embodiment of this example, such as Figure 9 As shown, anti-settlement plates 9 are partially installed at the bottom of the main body 1 of the jacket structure. Specifically, an anti-settlement plate 9 is installed at each pile shoe 3. This implementation method is suitable for soil layers with good geological conditions.

[0091] Specific embodiment four: a construction method for a pre-pile method pile shoe type jacket structure. The specific structure of the pre-pile method pile shoe type jacket structure in this construction method refers to specific embodiment one, specific embodiment two, or specific embodiment three.

[0092] A construction method for a pre-piled, pile-shoe-type jacket structure includes the following steps:

[0093] First, install steel pipe pile 2 by driving steel pipe pile 2 into the seabed.

[0094] Second, obtain the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2; then, based on the obtained top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2, adjust the limiting support component 4 so that after the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoe 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 can be at the same height.

[0095] Third, install the main body 1 of the guide frame, and put the pile shoe 3 on the corresponding steel pipe pile 2, so that the pile shoe 3 is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4. At this time, the pile shoe 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 is at the same height.

[0096] Fourth, grouting and sealing: Grouting is performed between the pile shoe 3 and the steel pipe pile 2 to connect the pile shoe 3 and the steel pipe pile 2 into one unit. In this embodiment, the construction method of the pre-piling method for the pile shoe type jacket structure adjusts the limiting support component 4 at the top of each pile shoe 3 (lengthening or shortening the limiting support component 4) according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile 2. The limiting support component 4 eliminates the difference in top elevation among the steel pipe piles 2, ensuring that after the pile shoe 3 is supported on top of the steel pipe pile 2 by the limiting support component 4, the pile shoes 3 on each steel pipe pile 2 are at the same height. Underwater pile cutting is unnecessary, allowing the jacket body 1 to be upright without tilting. Therefore, underwater pile cutting is avoided while ensuring the jacket is upright after installation, thus reducing construction difficulty and cost, and improving construction efficiency.

[0097] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent transformations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-piling method for a boot-type jacket structure, comprising several steel pipe piles and a jacket body, characterized in that, It also includes several pile shoes, which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body of the guide frame. The pile shoes are fitted onto the steel pipe piles, and each steel pipe pile is fitted with the aforementioned pile shoe. The top of the pile shoe is provided with a limiting support component, and the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component. In actual construction, the limiting support component is adjusted according to the top elevation of each steel pipe pile so that the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height.

2. The pre-pile method, specifically the shoe-type jacket structure, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The lower part of the inner wall of the pile shoe is also provided with a grouting sealing ring, which is sealed to the outer wall of the steel pipe pile. The lower end of the pile shoe is provided with a guide extension sleeve that extends downward. The length of the guide extension sleeve is greater than or equal to the set value, and the guide extension sleeve is inserted into the seabed soil layer. Several circumferentially distributed protective keys are provided on the inner wall of the pile shoe below the grouting sealing ring, and a protective inclined surface is provided on the side of the protective key facing the center of the pile shoe.

3. The pre-pile method, specifically the shoe-type jacket structure, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... It also includes a guide assembly located below the protection key, which includes several guide blocks arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the pile shoe or the inner wall of the guide extension sleeve, and a guide ramp is provided on the side of the guide block facing the center of the pile shoe.

4. A pre-piling method pile shoe type jacket structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The limiting support component includes several chains or wire ropes, which form a mesh structure above the top of the pile shoe.

5. A pre-piling method pile shoe type jacket structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The limiting support component includes: A supporting steel frame is located above the top of the pile shoe; Several steel bars are distributed circumferentially around the pile shoe. The lower end of the steel bars is welded or bolted to the pile shoe, and the upper end of the steel bars is welded or bolted to the supporting steel frame.

6. A pre-piling method pile shoe type guide frame structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The limiting support component includes an upper support cylinder, the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the pile shoe, the upper end of which extends upward, and a support cover plate is provided at the upper end of the upper support cylinder.

7. A pre-piling method pile shoe type jacket structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, It also includes anti-sinking plates, which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the jacket body. The anti-sinking plates are provided with several arrayed through holes, and the anti-sinking plates are embedded in the seabed soil.

8. A pre-piling method pile shoe type guide frame structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the pile shoe is provided with an enlarged diameter section whose inner diameter gradually increases from top to bottom.

9. A construction method for a pre-piling method for a boot-type jacket structure as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: First, steel pipe pile installation: driving steel pipe piles into the seabed; Second, obtain the top elevation of each steel pipe pile; then, based on the obtained top elevation of each steel pipe pile, adjust the limiting support component so that after the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component, the pile shoe on each steel pipe pile can be at the same height. Third, install the main body of the guide frame, and put the pile shoe on the corresponding steel pipe pile, so that the pile shoe is supported on the top of the steel pipe pile by the limiting support component. At this time, the pile shoes on each steel pipe pile are at the same height. Fourth, grouting and sealing: Grouting is performed between the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile to connect the pile shoe and the steel pipe pile into one unit.

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