A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, and specifically relates to a system and method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, including collecting image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collecting soil samples, and performing real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values, generating image evaluation values of the image data, determining the sampling path of the soil samples according to the relationship between the image evaluation values and preset thresholds, sending the sampling path to the sampling terminal, and determining the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation values and sample evaluation values. The present invention automatically collects image data and soil samples through sampling terminals such as drones, greatly reducing manual intervention. The sampling terminal has a multi-functional mounting end and an intelligent housing design, greatly enriching the data collection capabilities of the drone, and improving work efficiency and safety. The comprehensive acquisition of spectral data, high-definition images, and soil samples provides all-round and multi-angle data support for subsequent evaluation of the effect of ecological restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a system and method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the industrialization process, mining activities in mines are becoming increasingly frequent. However, mining is often accompanied by damage to the ecological environment, such as soil pollution, vegetation damage, soil erosion and other problems, which have a serious impact on the local ecological balance and residents' lives. Therefore, mine ecological restoration has become an urgent need. To evaluate the effect of mine ecological restoration, traditional evaluation methods mainly rely on manual on-site investigation, sampling analysis, and long-term observation of vegetation restoration. These methods are not only time-consuming and laborious, but also the evaluation results are often interfered by subjective factors, lacking scientificity and systematicness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention proposes a system for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, the system includes a ground monitoring station and at least one sampling terminal wirelessly connected thereto:

[0006] The sampling terminal is configured to collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to a sampled path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values. The image data includes biological characteristic information, and the sample evaluation values include real-time analysis values of geological characteristic information;

[0007] The ground monitoring station is configured to receive the image data and perform analysis to generate image evaluation values, determine the sampled path of the soil samples according to the relationship between the image evaluation values and preset thresholds, send the sampled path to the sampling terminal, and then determine the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation values and the sample evaluation values, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0008] Further, the biological characteristic information includes vegetation coverage, biodiversity index and microbial community structure, and the geological characteristic information includes soil humidity, soil texture, soil pH value and soil conductivity.

[0009] Further, determining the sampling path according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold includes: when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is lower than the preset minimum threshold, generating an encrypted sampling path corresponding to the area; when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is higher than the preset optimal threshold, generating a sparse sampling path corresponding to the area.

[0010] Further, the overall evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value includes: the overall evaluation value is determined by the weighted average method, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0011] Overall evaluation value = (weight of image evaluation value * image evaluation value) + (weight of sample evaluation value * sample evaluation value); where the weights of the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value are determined based on expert opinions, historical data or on-site inspection factors.

[0012] Further, the sampling terminal includes a first mounting end and a second mounting end provided at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The first mounting end is used to install a spectrometer and a high-definition camera to obtain image data of the mine ecological restoration area, and the second mounting end is used to install a sampler to obtain soil samples of the mine ecological restoration area.

[0013] Further, an installation part is provided at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The first mounting end is provided at the lower end of the installation part. A rotating shaft is provided at the center of the installation part. A rotating cover body is provided on the rotating shaft. The cover body is used to cover the first mounting end; a fan-shaped opening is provided on the installation part. An arc-shaped guide rail aligned with the arc-shaped edge of the installation part is provided at the edge of the fan-shaped opening. A sliding part is slidably provided on the arc-shaped guide rail. A sampling part for obtaining the soil sample is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding part;

[0014] An arc-shaped cover plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a connecting rod fixedly provided between the arc-shaped cover plate and the sliding part. An arc-shaped surface is provided in the fan-shaped opening facing the arc-shaped guide rail. A plurality of collection ports are provided on the arc-shaped surface. The collection ports are used to collect the soil samples obtained by the sampling part.

[0015] Further, the sampling part includes a positioning part provided on the side of the sliding part. A fixed seat is fixedly provided on the side of the positioning part. A driving part is provided on one side of the fixed seat opposite to the positioning part, and a telescopic member is provided on the driving part. The second mounting end is specifically the end of the telescopic member away from the driving part.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention proposes a method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, which is implemented based on the evaluation system described in any one of the above. The method includes:

[0017] S1. Collect the image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampled path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values. The image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation values include the real-time analysis values of geological feature information;

[0018] S2. Receive the image data and perform analysis to generate an image evaluation value. Determine the sampled path of the soil sample according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold, and send the sampled path to the sampling terminal. Then, determine the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and conduct a qualitative evaluation of the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] The present invention automatically collects image data and soil samples through a sampling terminal such as a drone, greatly reducing manual intervention and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the evaluation work. At the same time, the real-time analysis function enables the evaluation results to be generated quickly, shortening the evaluation cycle.

[0021] The evaluation system proposed by the present invention objectively analyzes the collected data based on preset evaluation criteria and algorithms, reduces the interference of human factors, and ensures the objectivity and consistency of the evaluation results. The system preferentially analyzes the biometric information in the image data, monitors the changes in the mine ecological restoration area in real time, dynamically adjusts the sampled path according to the image evaluation value, and ensures the pertinence and effectiveness of the evaluation work. At the same time, the real-time analysis function can timely discover and feedback the problems existing in the ecological restoration process, providing a scientific basis for the subsequent restoration work.

[0022] In the present invention, the sampling terminal has a multi-functional mounting end and an intelligent housing design, greatly enriching the data collection ability of the drone and improving the work efficiency and safety. The comprehensive acquisition of spectral data, high-definition images and soil samples provides comprehensive and multi-angle data support for the subsequent evaluation of the ecological restoration effect, making the evaluation results more accurate, objective and scientific. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the method for evaluating the mine ecological restoration effect in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the sampling terminal in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the installation part in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft, the housing and the connecting piece in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sampling part in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1, unmanned aerial vehicle; 2, installation part; 3, sampling part; 21, fan-shaped opening; 22, rotating shaft; 23, first hanging end; 24, cover body; 25, guide rail; 26, sliding part; 27, arc surface; 28, connecting part; 29, collection port; 30, storage port; 31, positioning part; 32, fixed seat; 33, driving part; 34, telescopic part; 35, second hanging end; 281, arc-shaped cover plate; 282, connecting rod. Specific embodiments

[0029] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out here that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] As Figures 1-5 shown, this embodiment proposes a mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system, which includes a ground monitoring station and at least one sampling terminal wirelessly connected thereto:

[0032] The sampling terminal is configured to collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampled path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values. The image data includes biological characteristic information, and the sample evaluation values include real-time analysis values of geological characteristic information.

[0033] The sampling terminal includes at least one or more unmanned aerial vehicles, on which a high-definition camera, a spectrometer, a soil sampler and a positioning device are carried. The unmanned aerial vehicle automatically collects image data and soil samples in the mine ecological restoration area according to a preset flight path or a path dynamically adjusted according to real-time image analysis.

[0034] The ground monitoring station is configured to receive the image data and perform analysis to generate an image evaluation value, determine the sampling path of the soil sample according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, and then determine the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0035] In this embodiment, a data processing center is provided in the ground monitoring station, and the center includes a high-performance computing server and data analysis software. The data processing center receives the raw data from the sampling terminal, performs preprocessing (such as image denoising, calibration, etc.), feature extraction (such as real-time calculation of vegetation coverage, biodiversity index, and microbial community structure), and comprehensive analysis. At the same time, relevant image evaluation values are automatically generated according to the preset evaluation criteria and algorithms.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sample evaluation value includes the geological feature information obtained by the real-time analysis of the sampler. Although the above soil sampler is mainly responsible for collecting soil samples for subsequent in-depth laboratory analysis, in this embodiment, the sampler conducts preliminary on-site analysis during or shortly after the sampling process to quickly obtain some key parameters of the geological features directly related to ecological restoration.

[0037] In this embodiment, the sampling path of the soil sample is specifically to plan a flight sampling path in the mine ecological restoration area to ensure that all key areas are covered; specifically, the sampling path is determined according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold, including: when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is lower than the preset minimum threshold, it indicates that the ecological restoration effect of this area is not good, and a dense sampling path corresponding to this area is generated; when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is higher than the preset optimal threshold, it indicates that the ecological restoration effect of this area meets the expectations, and a sparse sampling path corresponding to this area is generated. Among them, the dense sampling path and the sparse sampling path are to increase and decrease the sampling points respectively; and the matching of the sampling points is determined based on the area in the image data that does not meet the preset optimal threshold, and the auxiliary determination of the corresponding area is realized based on the positioning device in the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0038] In this embodiment, the evaluation system further includes a data transmission module: using wireless communication technologies (such as Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G, satellite communication, etc.) to realize real-time data transmission between the sampling terminal and the ground monitoring station. This module ensures that the collected data can be quickly and safely transmitted to the ground monitoring station for processing and analysis.

[0039] Further preferably, according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect includes: the total evaluation value is determined by the weighted average method, and the specific formula is as follows: total evaluation value = (image evaluation value weight * image evaluation value) + (sample evaluation value weight * sample evaluation value); where the weights of the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value are determined based on expert opinions, historical data, or on-site inspection factors.

[0040] It can be understood that by combining the data of spectrometers and high-definition cameras, this evaluation method not only deeply analyzes the physiological and ecological characteristics of vegetation, but also intuitively displays the changes in vegetation and ecological landscapes, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the evaluation of ecological restoration effects. By calculating the total evaluation value through the weighted average method, the contributions of different evaluation dimensions are further balanced, making the evaluation results more objective and reliable. At the same time, the flexible setting of weights takes into account various factors such as expert experience, historical data, and on-site inspections, increasing the scientificity and flexibility of the evaluation process.

[0041] Further preferably, in order to further improve the accuracy and efficiency of the evaluation of the ecological restoration effect of mines, in this embodiment, the sampling terminal is refined and improved, especially the configuration and functions of the equipment mounted on the unmanned aerial vehicle are enhanced. Specifically, the sampling terminal includes a first mounting end 23 and a second mounting end 35 provided at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1. The first mounting end 23 is used to install a spectrometer and a high-definition camera to obtain image data of the mine ecological restoration area, and the second mounting end 35 is used to install a sampler to obtain soil samples of the mine ecological restoration area. There is a mounting part 2 at the lower end of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, the first mounting end 23 is provided at the lower end of the mounting part 2, a rotating shaft 22 is provided at the center of the mounting part 2, and a rotating cover body 24 is provided on the rotating shaft 22. The cover body 24 is used to cover the first mounting end 23; there is a fan-shaped opening 21 on the mounting part 2, and an arc-shaped guide rail 25 aligned with the arc-shaped edge of the mounting part 2 is provided at the edge of the fan-shaped opening 21. A sliding part 26 is slidably provided on the arc-shaped guide rail 25, and a sampling part 3 for obtaining soil samples is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding part 26; an arc-shaped cover plate 281 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 22, and a connecting rod 282 fixedly provided between the arc-shaped cover plate 281 and the sliding part 26. The connecting member 28 formed by the arc-shaped cover plate 281 and the connecting rod 282 is used to synchronously drive the sliding part 26 to slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 25 when the rotating shaft 22 rotates. An arc-shaped surface 27 is provided in the fan-shaped opening 21 facing the arc-shaped guide rail 25, and a number of collection ports 29 are provided on the arc-shaped surface 27. The collection ports 29 are used to collect the soil samples obtained by the sampling part 3; storage ports 30 are provided on the contact surfaces of both sides of the arc-shaped surface 27 with the mounting part 2, which are used to store the arc-shaped cover plate 281 during soil sampling.

[0042] More specifically, in this embodiment, the sampling terminal includes a multi-functional mounting end design. At the lower end of the drone 1, a first mounting end 23 and a second mounting end 35 are configured. This dual-mounting structure greatly enriches the data collection capabilities of the drone. The first mounting end 23 focuses on the collection of spectral data and high-definition images, and a spectrometer and a high-definition camera are respectively installed to achieve a comprehensive spectral analysis and high-definition imaging of the vegetation in the mine ecological restoration area, providing a reliable data source for subsequent image evaluation values and sample evaluation values. The second mounting end 35 is specifically designed for soil sample collection. By installing a sampler, it can directly obtain ground soil samples while performing aerial operations, avoiding the low efficiency and personnel safety risks brought by traditional ground sampling, and greatly improving the timeliness of soil ecological analysis.

[0043] This embodiment also includes an intelligent cover design. Specifically, to protect the spectrometer and high-definition camera mounted at the lower end of the drone, a rotatable cover 24 is designed. The cover is installed at the lower end of the installation part 2 through a rotating shaft 22, and can be automatically opened or closed or adjusted in angle according to the operation requirements, effectively preventing the influence of external interference (such as wind, rain, sand and dust, etc.) on the equipment during flight, and ensuring the stability and continuity of data collection. The design of the fan-shaped opening 21 and its supporting arc-shaped guide rail 25 and sliding part 26 enables the sampling part 3 to accurately sample soil samples without interfering with spectral and image collection, and the two do not affect each other, realizing multi-functional simultaneous operation.

[0044] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 22 is driven to rotate by a corresponding motor. After the image data is collected, according to the determined sampling path, the motor drives the rotating shaft 22 to rotate, which can synchronously rotate the cover 24 to cover the second mounting end 35. Synchronously, the rotation of the rotating shaft 22 separates the arc-shaped cover plate 281 from the arc-shaped surface 27, exposing the collection port 29, and the left and right sliding parts 26 of the connecting piece 28 slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 25, driving the sampling part 3 on the sliding part 26 to reach the working position.

[0045] Further preferably, the sampling part 3 includes a positioning part 31 provided on the side of the sliding part 26. A fixed seat 32 is fixedly provided on the side of the positioning part 31. On the side of the fixed seat 32 opposite to the positioning part 31, there is a driving part 33 (motor) and a telescopic part 34 (electric telescopic rod) provided on the driving part 33. The second mounting end 35 is specifically the end of the telescopic part 34 away from the driving part 33. During specific implementation, after the sampling part 3 on the sliding part 26 reaches the working position, the driving part 33 drives the telescopic part 34 to rotate and align with the sampling point. After the telescopic part 34 extends, the sampler completes the sampling, and the driving part 33 drives the telescopic part 34 to rotate to store the sample in the collection port 29.

[0046] More specifically, the sampling unit 3 adopts components including a positioning unit 31, a fixed seat 32, a driving unit 33, a telescopic member 34, etc., forming a set of precise and efficient soil sampling systems. The driving unit 33 controls the telescopic movement of the telescopic member 34, driving the sampler to accurately contact the ground to obtain soil samples. The sliding part 26 slides along the arc-shaped guide rail 25 to ensure that the sampler samples accurately at different positions. At the same time, the setting of the collection port 29 enables the soil to be directly collected and temporarily stored after sampling, reducing the risk of sample loss and contamination.

[0047] Based on the same inventive concept, as Figure 1 shown, this embodiment also proposes a method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, which is implemented based on the above evaluation system. The method includes:

[0048] S1. Collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampled path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values. Both the image data and the soil samples contain geological feature information and biological feature information;

[0049] S2. Receive the image data and perform analysis to generate an image evaluation value. Determine the sampling path of the soil sample according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal. Then, determine the total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

[0050] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the embodiments of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to cover all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the embodiments of the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights. In addition, it is obvious that the word "including" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. The multiple units, modules or devices stated in the system, device or terminal claims can also be implemented by the same unit, module or device through software or hardware. First, second, etc. are used to represent names and do not represent any specific order.

[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system, characterized in that: The system comprises a ground monitoring station and at least one sampling terminal wirelessly connected thereto: The sampling terminal is configured to collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and perform real-time analysis on the soil samples to obtain sample evaluation values, the image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation value includes a real-time analysis value of geological feature information; The ground monitoring station is configured to receive and analyze the image data, generate an image evaluation value, determine a sampling path for the soil sample according to a relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, and then determine a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value; The sampling terminal comprises a first mounting end (23) and a second mounting end (35) arranged at the lower end of the drone (1), the first mounting end (23) being used to install a spectrometer and a high-definition camera to obtain image data of the mine ecological restoration area, and the second mounting end (35) being used to install a sampler to obtain soil samples in the mine ecological restoration area; The lower end of the drone (1) is provided with a mounting portion (2), the first mounting end (23) is arranged at the lower end of the mounting portion (2), a rotating shaft (22) is arranged at the center of the mounting portion (2), a rotating cover (24) is arranged on the rotating shaft (22), and the cover (24) is used to cover the first mounting end (23); the mounting portion (2) is provided with a fan-shaped opening (21), the edge of the fan-shaped opening (21) is provided with an arc-shaped guide rail (25) aligned with the arc-shaped edge of the mounting portion (2), a sliding portion (26) is slidably provided on the arc-shaped guide rail (25), and a sampling portion (3) for obtaining the soil sample is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding portion (26); The rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped cover plate (281) and a connecting rod (282) fixedly arranged between the arc-shaped cover plate (281) and the sliding portion (26); an arc-shaped surface (27) is arranged in the fan-shaped opening (21) toward the arc-shaped guide rail (25); the arc-shaped surface (27) is provided with a plurality of collecting ports (29), and the collecting ports (29) are used to collect soil samples obtained by the sampling portion (3); and receiving ports (30) are arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped surface (27) and on the contact surface with the mounting portion (2), and are used to receive the arc-shaped cover plate (281) when soil sampling is performed.

2. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological characteristic information includes vegetation coverage, biodiversity index and microbial community structure, and the geological characteristic information includes soil moisture, soil texture, soil pH value and soil conductivity.

3. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the sampling path according to the relationship between the image evaluation value and the preset threshold value includes: when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is lower than the preset minimum threshold value, generating an encrypted sampling path corresponding to the area; when the image evaluation value of the corresponding area is higher than the preset optimal threshold value, generating a sparse sampling path corresponding to the area.

4. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect according to the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value includes: the total evaluation value is determined by weighted average method, and the specific formula is as follows: Total evaluation value = (image evaluation value weight * image evaluation value) + (sample evaluation value weight * sample evaluation value); among which, the weights of image evaluation value and sample evaluation value are determined based on expert opinions, historical data or field investigation factors.

5. A mine ecological restoration effect evaluation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling portion (3) comprises a positioning portion (31) arranged on a side of the sliding portion (26); a fixing seat (32) is fixedly arranged on the side of the positioning portion (31); a driving portion (33) and a telescopic member (34) are arranged on the driving portion (33) on a side of the fixing seat (32) opposite to the positioning portion (31); and the second mounting end (35) is specifically an end of the telescopic member (34) away from the driving portion (33).

6. A method for evaluating the effect of mine ecological restoration, characterized in that: Based on the implementation of the evaluation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprises: S1. Collect image data of the mine ecological restoration area, collect soil samples according to the sampling path matched in real time, and analyze the soil samples in real time to obtain sample evaluation values, where the image data includes biometric information, and the sample evaluation values ​​include real-time analysis values ​​of geological characteristic information; S2. Receive and analyze the image data to generate an image evaluation value, determine a sampling path for the soil sample based on a relationship between the image evaluation value and a preset threshold, and send the sampling path to the sampling terminal, then determine a total evaluation value of the ecological restoration effect based on the image evaluation value and the sample evaluation value, and qualitatively evaluate the ecological restoration effect based on the total evaluation value.

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