An optimization method, optimization device and storage medium for a distribution network grid

Abstract

The present invention provides an optimization method, an optimization device and a storage medium for a distribution network grid. Among them, the optimization method includes obtaining historical weather data of the area to be planned and preset weather in a preset time period in the future, and obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on power demand according to the historical weather data; obtaining the number and duration of whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of fragmented power consumption according to the power consumption scenario, and obtaining a load curve characterizing the load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of fragmented power consumption; obtaining the current connection lines of the electrical load nodes in the transmission line, and determining the reliability of the current connection lines according to the load curve and the influence value; if the reliability is less than the first preset value, then make an adjustment of adding a tie line to the current connection lines according to the load curve and the influence value; if the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, then make an adjustment of the power supply path for the current connection lines according to the load curve and the influence value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distribution networks, and particularly to an optimization method, an optimization device and a storage medium for a distribution network grid. Background Art

[0002] The grid planning of a distribution network is to determine when, where to build what type of lines and their loop numbers to achieve the required power transmission capacity within the planning period, and minimize the cost of the system under the premise of meeting various technical indicators. The content of the grid planning of a distribution network is to determine the power transmission mode in the city, select the grid voltage, determine the layout and scale of substations, and determine the network structure.

[0003] However, the current grid planning of distribution networks has the problem that it cannot be optimized according to weather conditions and power consumption scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is that the existing grid planning of distribution networks has the problem that it cannot be optimized according to weather conditions and power consumption scenarios.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optimization method for a distribution network grid, and the optimization method includes:

[0006] Obtain the historical weather data of the area to be planned and the preset weather in a preset time period in the future, and obtain the influence value of the preset weather on power demand according to the historical weather data;

[0007] Obtain the power consumption scenarios in a preset time period in the future, obtain the number and duration of the whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption according to the power consumption scenarios, and obtain a load curve characterizing the load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of the whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption;

[0008] Obtain the current connection lines of the electrical load nodes in the transmission line, and determine the reliability of the current connection lines according to the load curve and the influence value;

[0009] If the reliability is less than the first preset value, adjust the current connection line by adding a tie line according to the load curve and the influence value;

[0010] If the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, adjust the power supply path of the current connection line according to the load curve and the influence value;

[0011] If the reliability is greater than the second preset value, do not adjust the current connection line.

[0012] Optionally, the adjustment of adding a tie line to the current connection line according to the load curve and the influence value includes:

[0013] Determine the length and number of overloaded lines where the current connection line is overloaded according to the load curve and the influence value;

[0014] If the length of the overloaded line is greater than the preset length value and the number of the overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, select a target substation for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of inter-station connections of the substations in the adjacent area of the area to be planned;

[0015] If the length of the overloaded line is greater than the preset length value and the number of the overloaded lines is less than the number threshold, interconnect the substations in the area to be planned;

[0016] If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value and the number of the overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, add double tie lines within the length corresponding to each overloaded line;

[0017] If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value and the number of the overloaded lines is less than the number threshold, interconnect the adjacent lines in the overloaded lines with the overloaded lines according to the principle of proximity.

[0018] Optionally, the selection of a target substation for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of inter-station connections of the substations in the adjacent area of the area to be planned includes:

[0019] Obtain the number of first inter-station connections and the number of first intra-station connections of all first adjacent substations at a first distance from the area to be planned;

[0020] Obtain the first matching score of each first adjacent substation according to the terrain, the weight of the first inter-station connection number, and the weight of the first intra-station connection number;

[0021] If at least one of the first matching scores is greater than the first preset score, confirm the first adjacent substation with the highest first matching score as the target substation;

[0022] If all the first matching scores are less than the first preset score and at least two of the first matching scores are greater than the second preset score, confirm at least two target substations among the first adjacent substations corresponding to the at least two first matching scores, where the first preset score is greater than the second preset score;

[0023] If all the first matching scores are less than the second preset score, reselect the target substation from other distances.

[0024] Optionally, the re-selection of the target substation from other distances includes:

[0025] Obtain the number of inter-station interconnections and the number of intra-station interconnections of all second neighboring substations at a second distance from the area to be planned;

[0026] Obtain the second matching score of each second neighboring substation according to the terrain, the weight of the second inter-station interconnection number and the second intra-station interconnection number;

[0027] If at least one of the second matching scores is greater than the second preset score, confirm the second neighboring substation with the highest second matching score as the target substation;

[0028] If all the second matching scores are less than the second preset score, confirm both the first neighboring substation with the highest first matching score and the second neighboring substation with the highest second matching score as the target substations.

[0029] Optionally, the interconnection of the substations in the area to be planned includes:

[0030] Obtain the voltage level of the power grid;

[0031] If the voltage level is 500 KV, perform hybrid interconnection on the substations in the area to be planned using a ring network structure and a chain structure;

[0032] If the voltage level is 220 KV, interconnect the substations in the area to be planned using a ring network structure or a grid structure;

[0033] If the voltage level is 110 KV, interconnect the substations in the area to be planned using a chain structure.

[0034] Optionally, the adjustment of the power supply path of the current connection line according to the load curve and the influence value includes:

[0035] Overlay the corresponding influence value and load curve according to the time period to obtain the influence value and load characteristics corresponding to each time period;

[0036] Mark the time period when the influence value is greater than the threshold and in the period of overall power consumption as T1, and mark the time period when the influence value is greater than the threshold or in the period of overall power consumption as T2;

[0037] Merge the electrical load nodes of the current connection line with the electrical load nodes in the area to be planned that have not participated in the merger during the time period marked as T1;

[0038] Transfer the electrical load nodes of the current connection line to the electrical load nodes of the neighboring lines during the time period marked as T2.

[0039] Optionally, obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on power demand according to the historical weather data includes:

[0040] Obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on power demand according to the mapping relationship between the historical weather data and the influence value of power demand.

[0041] Optionally, the load curve characterizing the load characteristics in different time periods obtained according to the number and duration of the whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption includes:

[0042] Dividing the future preset time period into a plurality of consecutive time intervals;

[0043] Summarizing the number and duration of the whole-block power consumption within each time interval according to the time interval to obtain the first power consumption within each time interval;

[0044] Summarizing the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption within each time interval according to the time interval to obtain the second power consumption within each time interval;

[0045] Forming the load curve according to the multiple time intervals, the multiple first power consumptions, and the multiple second power consumptions.

[0046] The embodiment of the present application further provides an optimization device for a distribution network grid framework, which is used to implement the optimization method described in any one of the above, and the optimization device includes:

[0047] A weather acquisition unit, configured to acquire historical weather data of the area to be planned and the preset weather within a future preset time period;

[0048] An electricity consumption scenario acquisition unit, configured to acquire the electricity consumption scenario within a future preset time period, and obtain the number and duration of the whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption according to the electricity consumption scenario;

[0049] A connection circuit acquisition unit, configured to acquire the current connection circuit of the electrical load node in the transmission line;

[0050] A processor, the processor is connected to the weather acquisition unit, the electricity consumption scenario acquisition unit, and the connection circuit acquisition unit, and is configured to obtain the influence value of the preset weather on power demand according to the historical weather data, and obtain a load curve characterizing the load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of the whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption; and is further configured to: determine the reliability of the current connection circuit according to the load curve and the influence value;

[0051] If the reliability is less than the first preset value, then perform an adjustment of adding a liaison line to the current connection circuit according to the load curve and the influence value;

[0052] If the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the power supply path of the current connection line is adjusted according to the load curve and the influence value.

[0053] If the reliability is greater than the second preset value, the current connection line is not adjusted.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the optimization method described in any one of the above are implemented.

[0055] The optimization method of the distribution network grid provided by the embodiment of the present application obtains the influence value on power demand through historical weather and preset weather, and obtains the load curve characterizing the load characteristics through future power consumption scenarios. The reliability of the current connection line is determined according to the load curve and the influence value, and different adjustment schemes are implemented for the current connection line according to the value of the reliability, so that the current connection line can be adjusted in real time according to the power consumption scenario and weather conditions, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the distribution network grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the optimization method of the distribution network grid provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 2 is Figure 1 The schematic flow chart of obtaining the load curve characterizing the load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of whole-block power consumption and the number and duration of fragmented power consumption in the optimization method shown;

[0058] Figure 3 is Figure 1 The schematic flow chart of adding a tie line to adjust the current connection line according to the load curve and the influence value in the optimization method shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0059] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the optimization method of the distribution network grid provided by the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application provides an optimization method of the distribution network grid. The optimization method includes the following processes:

[0061] 110. Obtain the historical weather data of the area to be planned and the preset weather in a preset time period in the future, and obtain the influence value of the preset weather on power demand according to the historical weather data.

[0062] Among them, the historical weather data includes factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed that may affect electricity demand.

[0063] The preset weather corresponds to the historical weather data. Exemplarily, the preset weather includes factors such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed that may affect electricity demand.

[0064] In some embodiments, obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on electricity demand based on the historical weather data includes: obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on electricity demand according to the mapping relationship between the historical weather data and the influence value of electricity demand. By obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on electricity demand through the historical weather data, the accuracy of power load forecasting can be improved, the power resources can be allocated more effectively, ensuring sufficient power supply during peak hours, and reducing power generation appropriately during off-peak hours to achieve optimal allocation of resources.

[0065] In some other embodiments, obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on electricity demand based on the historical weather data includes: using statistical methods or machine learning models to calculate the influence value of different weather conditions on electricity demand according to the historical weather data and the corresponding electricity demand data, and then obtaining the influence value of the preset weather on electricity demand. By obtaining the historical weather data and combining it with the historical records of electricity demand, a more accurate prediction model can be established. These models can consider the changes in electricity demand under different weather conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of predicting the influence value of electricity demand.

[0066] 120. Obtain the electricity usage scenarios within a future preset time period, obtain the number and duration of whole-block electricity usage and the number and duration of fragmented electricity usage according to the electricity usage scenarios, and obtain a load curve representing the load characteristics in different time periods based on the number and duration of whole-block electricity usage and the number and duration of fragmented electricity usage.

[0067] Among them, the whole-block electricity usage can be electricity usage scenarios such as industrial electricity usage and commercial electricity usage. The fragmented electricity usage can be electricity usage scenarios such as residential electricity usage.

[0068] Among them, the flowchart for obtaining a load curve representing the load characteristics in different time periods based on the number and duration of whole-block electricity usage and the number and duration of fragmented electricity usage can be seen Figure 2 , Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic flowchart of the process for obtaining a load curve representing the load characteristics in different time periods based on the number and duration of whole-block electricity usage and the number and duration of fragmented electricity usage in the optimization method shown. The specific process is as follows:

[0069] 121. Divide the future preset time period into several consecutive time intervals.

[0070] The preset time period can be divided according to needs into minutes, hours, days, months, etc. to obtain multiple time intervals.

[0071] 122. Aggregate the number and duration of the overall electricity consumption according to the time intervals to obtain the first electricity consumption.

[0072] Classify and organize the recorded number and duration of the overall electricity consumption according to the time intervals, and accumulate all the electricity consumptions within each time interval to obtain the first electricity consumption within each time interval.

[0073] 123. Aggregate the number and duration of the fragmented electricity consumption according to the time intervals to obtain the second electricity consumption.

[0074] Classify and organize the recorded number and duration of the fragmented electricity consumption according to the time intervals, and accumulate all the electricity consumptions within each time interval to obtain the second electricity consumption within each time interval.

[0075] 124. Form a load curve based on multiple time intervals, multiple first electricity consumptions, and multiple second electricity consumptions.

[0076] Exemplarily, accumulate the first electricity consumption and the second electricity consumption within each time interval to obtain the electricity consumption. Use multiple time intervals as the abscissa and multiple electricity consumptions as the ordinate, mark multiple electricity consumptions on the corresponding time intervals in sequence, and then connect these marked points with a smooth curve to form a load curve.

[0077] By forming a load curve, the changes of various power loads over time can be obtained, which is an important basis for dispatching the power system and planning the power system. By analyzing the load curve, the change law of the load, the peak load, the valley load, and the fluctuation of the load can be understood.

[0078] 130. Obtain the current connection lines of the electrical load nodes in the transmission line, and determine the reliability of the current connection lines according to the load curve and the influence value.

[0079] The load factor can be obtained according to the load curve. When the load factor is low, it indicates that the power supply capacity of the line may be insufficient during peak load; while when the load factor is high, there may be a risk of overload. Among them, the load factor refers to the percentage of the average load to the highest load within a certain statistical period.

[0080] By combining the load factor and the influence value for evaluation, the reliability of the line can be evaluated more comprehensively. For example, if the load factor is low and the influence value is large, it indicates that the line may face greater power supply pressure during peak load and the reliability is low; while if the load factor is high but the influence value is small, it indicates that although the line faces the risk of overload, the overall reliability may still be high.

[0081] 140. If the reliability is less than the first preset value, the current connection line is adjusted by adding a tie line according to the load curve and the influence value.

[0082] Among them, the first preset value can be set according to the actual situation and no specific limitation is made here.

[0083] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 1 the schematic flow chart of adjusting the current connection line by adding a tie line according to the load curve and the influence value in the optimization method shown. The specific process is as follows:

[0084] 141. Determine the length and number of overloaded lines where the current connection line is overloaded according to the load curve and the influence value.

[0085] The situation of overload can be set according to the actual situation. For example, if the load rate is greater than the first threshold and the influence value is greater than the second threshold, it is determined that the current connection line in the current area is overloaded, and then this section of the road is recorded as an overloaded line.

[0086] 142. If the length of the overloaded line is greater than the length preset value and the number of overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, select a target substation for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of interconnections between substations in the neighboring area of the area to be planned.

[0087] Among them, selecting a target substation for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of interconnections between substations in the neighboring area of the area to be planned includes:

[0088] 1421. Obtain the number of interconnections between the first neighboring substations and the number of internal interconnections within the first neighboring substations that are at a first distance from the area to be planned.

[0089] Among them, obtaining all the first neighboring substations includes: using a geographic information system (GIS) or related calculation tools to calculate the distance between the area to be planned and each substation, and screening out all the first neighboring substations that are the closest to the area to be planned.

[0090] Obtaining the number of interconnections between the first neighboring substations includes: according to the interconnection situation between the first neighboring substations, statistically calculating the number of interconnections between the first neighboring substations, where the interconnection situation includes the number, capacity, and connection method of the interconnection lines, etc.

[0091] Obtaining the number of internal interconnections within the first neighboring substations includes: according to the internal structure of the first neighboring substations, statistically calculating the number of internal interconnections within the first neighboring substations, where the internal structure includes the layout and connection method of equipment such as transformers, switchgear, and busbars.

[0092] 1422. Obtain the first matching score of each first neighboring substation according to the terrain, the number of interconnections between the first stations, and the weights of the number of interconnections within the first stations.

[0093] Among them, the weights of the terrain, the number of interconnections between the first stations, and the number of interconnections within the first stations can be obtained by correcting and adjusting according to historical data, experimental data, and simulation data. Specific limitations are not made here.

[0094] 1423. If at least one first matching score is greater than the first preset score, then confirm the first neighboring substation with the highest first matching score as the target substation.

[0095] The highest number of matches can be understood as obtaining the most suitable substation by comprehensively considering the terrain and the situation of the substation.

[0096] 1424. If all first matching scores are less than the first preset score, and at least two first matching scores are greater than the second preset score, then confirm at least two target substations among the first neighboring substations corresponding to at least two first matching scores, where the first preset score is greater than the second preset score.

[0097] By confirming at least two target substations, the stability and reliability of the entire transmission line can be improved.

[0098] 1425. If all first matching scores are less than the second preset score, then reselect the target substation from other distances.

[0099] In some embodiments, reselecting the target substation from other distances includes: obtaining the number of interconnections between the second stations and the number of interconnections within the second stations of all second neighboring substations at a second distance from the area to be planned; obtaining the second matching score of each second neighboring substation according to the terrain, the number of interconnections between the second stations, and the weights of the number of interconnections within the second stations; if at least one second matching score is greater than the second preset score, then confirm the second neighboring substation with the highest second matching score as the target substation; if all second matching scores are less than the second preset score, then confirm both the first neighboring substation with the highest first matching score and the second neighboring substation with the highest second matching score as the target substations.

[0100] 143. If the length of the overloaded line is greater than the length preset value and the number of overloaded lines is less than the number threshold, then interconnect the substations in the area to be planned.

[0101] In some embodiments, interconnecting the substations in the area to be planned includes:

[0102] 1431. Obtain the voltage level of the power grid.

[0103] 1432. If the voltage level is 500 KV, the substations in the area to be planned are interconnected using a hybrid structure of ring network and chain structure.

[0104] 1433. If the voltage level is 220 KV, the substations in the area to be planned are interconnected using a ring network structure or a grid structure.

[0105] 1434. If the voltage level is 110 KV, the substations in the area to be planned are interconnected using a chain structure.

[0106] By interconnecting the substations in the area to be planned in different ways according to different voltage levels, the reliability, economy, flexibility of the power system can be significantly improved, different load demands can be met, and the optimization level of energy utilization can be enhanced.

[0107] 144. If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value and the number of overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, double tie lines are added within each length corresponding to the overloaded line.

[0108] In this application, by adding double tie lines within the length corresponding to the overloaded line, since each line has spare capacity, the load of the overloaded line can be shared to a certain extent. When a certain line is overloaded, the switch state of the tie line can be adjusted to transfer part of the load to other lines, thereby alleviating the overloading phenomenon, protecting the lines and equipment from damage, and also improving the power supply reliability, enhancing the line load capacity, optimizing the line layout and resource allocation, and improving the grid safety and stability.

[0109] 145. If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value and the number of overloaded lines is less than the number threshold, the adjacent lines in the overloaded lines are interconnected with the overloaded lines according to the principle of proximity.

[0110] In this application, through proximity interconnection, the power resources of adjacent lines can be quickly allocated to the overloaded line, thereby effectively alleviating the current pressure of the overloaded line and preventing equipment damage or power outages caused by long-term overload. In addition, through interconnection, the adjacent lines and the overloaded lines can be connected to each other to form a more stable power grid system.

[0111] 150. If the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the power supply path of the current connected line is adjusted according to the load curve and the influence value.

[0112] In some embodiments, adjusting the power supply path of the current connected line according to the load curve and the influence value includes:

[0113] 151. The corresponding influence value and the load curve are superimposed according to the time period to obtain the influence value and the load characteristics corresponding to each time period.

[0114] 152. Mark the time period during which the influence value is greater than the threshold and is in the period of overall power consumption as T1, and mark the time period during which the influence value is greater than the threshold or is in the period of overall power consumption as T2.

[0115] 153. During the time period marked as T1, merge the electrical load nodes of the current connected line with the electrical load nodes in the to-be-planned area that have not participated in the merger.

[0116] 154. During the time period marked as T2, transfer the electrical load nodes of the current connected line to the electrical load nodes of the adjacent line.

[0117] By superimposing the corresponding influence value and load curve according to the time period, the load characteristics and demand changes of the power system in each time period can be clearly seen, the power demand in different time periods can be more accurately understood, and different time periods can be marked separately according to different power demands. Then, different route adjustments can be made according to the marked different time periods, which can meet higher load demands, rationally allocate power resources, and improve the utilization efficiency of power resources.

[0118] In some embodiments, the output of the power generation equipment can also be reduced or equipment maintenance can be carried out during the low valley period.

[0119] 160. If the reliability is greater than the second preset value, do not adjust the current connected line.

[0120] If the reliability is greater than the second preset value, it means that the stability and reliability of the current connected line can both meet the requirements, so no adjustment is needed.

[0121] The embodiment of the present application further provides an optimization device for a distribution network grid framework, which is used to implement the optimization method described in any one of the above. The optimization device includes a weather acquisition unit, a power consumption scenario acquisition unit, a connection circuit acquisition unit, and a processor. The weather acquisition unit is used to acquire the historical weather data of the area to be planned and the preset weather within a preset time period in the future. The power consumption scenario acquisition unit is used to acquire the power consumption scenarios within a preset time period in the future, and obtain the number and duration of the overall power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption according to the power consumption scenarios. The connection circuit acquisition unit is used to acquire the current connection circuit of the electrical load nodes in the transmission line. The processor is connected to the weather acquisition unit, the power consumption scenario acquisition unit, and the connection circuit acquisition unit, and is used to obtain the influence value of the preset weather on the power demand according to the historical weather data, and obtain a load curve representing the load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of the overall power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented power consumption. It is also used to: determine the reliability of the current connection circuit according to the load curve and the influence value; if the reliability is less than the first preset value, adjust the current connection circuit by adding a liaison line according to the load curve and the influence value; if the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, adjust the power supply path of the current connection circuit according to the load curve and the influence value; if the reliability is greater than the second preset value, do not adjust the current connection circuit.

[0122] The embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are read and run by a processor, the surgical robot where the readable storage medium is located is controlled to implement the optimization method of the distribution network grid framework in the above embodiment.

[0123] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed optimization method of the distribution network grid framework can also be implemented in other ways. The embodiments described above are merely illustrative.

[0124] If the function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing readable storage medium includes: various media such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc that can store program codes.

[0125] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing a distribution network framework, characterized in that: The optimization method comprises: Obtaining historical weather data of the area to be planned and preset weather in a future preset time period, and obtaining the impact value of the preset weather on power demand based on the historical weather data; Obtaining a power usage scenario in a future preset time period, obtaining the number and duration of whole-block power usage and the number and duration of fragmented power usage according to the power usage scenario, and obtaining a load curve representing load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of whole-block power usage and the number and duration of fragmented power usage; Obtaining a current connection line of an electric load node in a transmission line, obtaining a load rate according to the load curve, wherein the load rate is a percentage of an average load to a maximum load in a preset statistical period, and determining the reliability of the current connection line according to the load rate and the impact value; If the reliability is less than a first preset value, determining the length and number of overloaded lines where the current connection line is overloaded according to the load curve and the impact value; If the length of the overloaded line is greater than the preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, a target substation is selected for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of inter-station interconnections of substations in the neighboring area of ​​the area to be planned; If the length of the overloaded line is greater than a preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is less than a number threshold, interconnecting the substations in the area to be planned; If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, then a double contact line is added within each length corresponding to the overloaded line; If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is less than the number threshold, then the adjacent lines in the overloaded line are connected to the overloaded line according to the proximity principle; If the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the corresponding impact value and load curve are superimposed according to the time period to obtain the impact value and load characteristics corresponding to each time period; Mark the time period when the impact value is greater than the threshold and is in the whole power consumption as T1, and mark the time period when the impact value is greater than the threshold or is in the whole power consumption as T2; Merging the electric load nodes of the current connection line with the electric load nodes not involved in the merger in the area to be planned within a time period marked as T1; Transferring the electric load node of the current connected line with the electric load node of the adjacent line within a time period marked as T2; If the reliability is greater than a second preset value, the current connection line is not adjusted.

2. The optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selecting of the target substation for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of interconnections between substations in the neighboring area of ​​the planned area includes: Obtaining the first inter-station interconnection number and the first intra-station interconnection number of all first adjacent substations at a first distance from the area to be planned; Obtaining a first matching score for each first neighboring substation according to weights of terrain, the number of first inter-station interconnections, and the number of first intra-station interconnections; If at least one of the first matching scores is greater than a first preset score, confirming the first neighboring substation with the highest first matching score as the target substation; If all of the first matching scores are less than a first preset score, and at least two of the first matching scores are greater than a second preset score, confirming at least two target substations in the first neighboring substations corresponding to the at least two first matching scores, wherein the first preset score is greater than the second preset score; If all of the first matching scores are smaller than a second preset score, a target substation is reselected from other distances.

3. The optimization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reselection of the target substation from other distances includes: Obtain the second inter-station interconnection number and the second intra-station interconnection number of all second adjacent substations at a second distance from the area to be planned; Obtaining a second matching score for each second adjacent substation according to the terrain, the second inter-station interconnection number, and the weight of the second intra-station interconnection number; If at least one of the second matching scores is greater than a second preset score, confirming the second neighboring substation with the highest second matching score as the target substation; If all of the second matching scores are smaller than a second preset score, the first neighboring substation with the highest first matching score and the second neighboring substation with the highest second matching score are both confirmed as target substations.

4. The optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interconnecting of the substations in the area to be planned includes: Get the voltage level of the power grid; If the voltage level is 500KV, the substations in the planned area are interconnected by a ring network structure and a chain structure; If the voltage level is 220KV, the substations in the planned area are interconnected using a ring network structure or a grid structure; If the voltage level is 110KV, the substations in the area to be planned are interconnected using a chain structure.

5. The optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The obtaining the impact value of the preset weather on the power demand according to the historical weather data comprises: The impact value of the preset weather on the electricity demand is obtained according to the mapping relationship between the historical weather data and the impact value of the electricity demand.

6. The optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The load curves representing the load characteristics in different time periods obtained according to the number and duration of the whole block power consumption and the number and duration of the fragmented block power consumption include: Dividing the future preset time period into a plurality of consecutive time intervals; According to the time interval, the number and duration of the entire power consumption are summarized to obtain a first power consumption in each time interval; According to the time interval, the number and duration of the electricity consumption of the fragments are summarized to obtain the second electricity consumption in each time interval; The load curve is formed according to a plurality of the time intervals, a plurality of the first power consumptions, and a plurality of the second power consumptions.

7. A distribution network optimization device, characterized in that: For implementing the optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the optimization device comprises: A weather acquisition unit is used to acquire historical weather data of the area to be planned and preset weather in a preset time period in the future; A power usage scenario acquisition unit, used to acquire a power usage scenario in a future preset time period, and obtain the number and duration of whole power usage and the number and duration of fragmented power usage according to the power usage scenario; A connection circuit acquisition unit, used to acquire a current connection circuit of an electric load node in a transmission line; a processor, the processor being connected to the weather acquisition unit, the power usage scenario acquisition unit and the connection circuit acquisition unit, and being used to acquire the impact value of the preset weather on the power demand according to the historical weather data, and to obtain a load curve representing the load characteristics in different time periods according to the number and duration of the whole-block power usage and the number and duration of the fragmented power usage; and being used to: obtain a load rate according to the load curve, the load rate being a percentage of the average load to the maximum load in a preset statistical period, and to determine the reliability of the current connection line according to the load rate and the impact value; If the reliability is less than a first preset value, determining the length and number of overloaded lines where the current connection line is overloaded according to the load curve and the impact value; If the length of the overloaded line is greater than the preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, a target substation is selected for interconnection according to the terrain, distance, and the number of inter-station interconnections of substations in the neighboring area of ​​the area to be planned; If the length of the overloaded line is greater than a preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is less than a number threshold, interconnecting the substations in the area to be planned; If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is greater than the number threshold, then a double contact line is added within each length corresponding to the overloaded line; If the length of the overloaded line is less than the preset length value, and the number of the overloaded lines is less than the number threshold, then the adjacent lines in the overloaded line are connected to the overloaded line according to the proximity principle; If the reliability is less than the second preset value and greater than the first preset value, the corresponding impact value and load curve are superimposed according to the time period to obtain the impact value and load characteristics corresponding to each time period; Mark the time period when the impact value is greater than the threshold and is in the whole power consumption as T1, and mark the time period when the impact value is greater than the threshold or is in the whole power consumption as T2; Merging the electric load nodes of the current connection line with the electric load nodes not involved in the merger in the area to be planned within a time period marked as T1; Transferring the electric load node of the current connected line with the electric load node of the adjacent line within a time period marked as T2; If the reliability is greater than a second preset value, the current connection line is not adjusted.

8. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the optimization method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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