Tool clamp for multi-procedure machining of speed reducer shell part

Abstract

The invention discloses a speed reducer shell part multi-procedure machining tool clamp, and relates to the technical field of tool clamping, the speed reducer shell part multi-procedure machining tool clamp comprises a connecting frame, the connecting frame is connected with a rotating robot arm, the connecting frame is provided with clamping assemblies, the clamping assemblies are fixedly connected to the two opposite side faces of the connecting frame, and the rotating robot arm is arranged on the connecting frame. The clamping assembly comprises a first telescopic part, a first n-shaped frame connected with the output end of the first telescopic part, a first driving part connected with the top of the first n-shaped frame, a first rotating shaft connected with the output end of the first driving part, and a second telescopic part connected with the middle of the surface of the first rotating shaft. The second driving part is connected with the top of the second n-shaped frame; the second rotating shaft is connected with the output end of the second driving part; and the first supporting part is connected with the other end of the second rotating shaft. The application range of the tool clamp is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tooling clamping, in particular to a tooling fixture for multi-process processing of reducer housing parts. Background Art

[0002] The multi-process processing of reducer housing parts usually includes casting, rough machining, finishing, milling, drilling, threading and surface treatment. In these processes, the design of tooling and fixture is very important to improve processing efficiency and ensure processing accuracy.

[0003] It is common to process the reducer housing of different models by cooperating with two fixtures, so that the reducer housing is completely fixed on the workbench, ensuring the accuracy of multi-process processing; however, most of the current tooling fixtures cannot adapt to the use of multiple stations and the housing cannot be adjusted at multiple angles to adapt to the stations, and the scope of application is not wide enough. This phenomenon has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently by people in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a tooling fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tooling fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts, comprising a connecting frame, the connecting frame is connected to a rotating robot arm, the connecting frame is provided with a clamping assembly, the clamping assembly is fixedly connected to two opposite side surfaces of the connecting frame, the clamping assembly comprises a first telescopic portion, a first profile frame connected to an output end of the first telescopic portion, a first driving portion connected to the top of the first profile frame, a first rotating shaft connected to the output end of the first driving portion, a second telescopic portion connected to the middle of the surface of the first rotating shaft, a second profile frame connected to the output end of the second telescopic portion, a second driving portion connected to the top of the second profile frame, a second rotating shaft connected to the output end of the second driving portion, a first supporting portion connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft, and a first clamping portion arranged on one side of the first supporting portion; A plurality of third telescopic parts are arranged at one end of the first supporting part close to the reducer housing, the output end of the third telescopic part is fixedly connected to a third rotating shaft, the top of the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a fourth telescopic part, and the output end of the third telescopic part is fixedly connected to a clamping block; A group of pressure sensors are installed between the first supporting part and the first clamping part. The pressure sensor signals are connected to a data processor, and the data processor is arranged on a control terminal station.

[0006] The present invention further illustrates that the output end of the first driving part passes through the top of the first molded frame, and the other end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the bottom bearing of the first molded frame.

[0007] The present invention further describes that the second rotating shaft passes through and is connected to the bottom of the second mold frame by a bearing.

[0008] The present invention further illustrates that an insertion rod is connected between the first supporting portion and the first clamping portion, one end of the insertion rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first supporting portion, the insertion rod is fixedly connected to a limiting block at the outer surface between the first clamping portion and the first supporting portion, and the first clamping portion is slidably connected to the insertion rod.

[0009] The present invention further describes that the number of the inserted rods and the shape of the end of the inserted rod close to the reducer housing are related to the shape of the reducer housing with which the inserted rod contacts.

[0010] The present invention further describes that the fourth telescopic part includes a telescopic outer rod and a telescopic inner rod, the telescopic inner rod is slidably connected to the inside of the telescopic outer rod, and one end of the telescopic inner rod located inside the telescopic outer rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic outer rod with a plurality of supporting springs.

[0011] The present invention further illustrates that the pressure sensor records the measured initial pressure data, which is recorded as F ij , F represents the initially measured pressure. During the processing of the reducer housing, the data processor will record the real-time pressure data obtained as f ij , f is the pressure measured in real time during the processing procedure, and the subscripts i and j correspond to the group and position number of the pressure sensor respectively. Therefore, i is 1 or 2, and j is an integer between 1 and 4.

[0012] The present invention further illustrates that when performing a self-test of the pressure sensor, the corresponding initial pressure data is first obtained, and then the manipulator is rotated through the connecting frame to flip the clamping assembly and the reducer housing 180° to perform a test on the pressure sensor.

[0013] The present invention further illustrates that the data processor compares the real-time pressure data with the corresponding initial pressure data and records the floating pressure value, which is recorded as , set the floating pressure limit , used to judge the floating situation. ≤ , it is considered that the clamping float is stable. > , identified as clamping floating bumps.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: The clamping assembly is used to first complete the preliminary clamping of the reducer housing, wherein the four sides of the reducer can be directly aligned with the processing position through the rotation of the second driving part at different angles, so as to carry out targeted processing or treatment procedures. The clamping is simple and can realize multi-angle adjustment of the reducer housing in the clamping state to meet the use requirements of multiple processing procedures, thus expanding the scope of application. At the same time, the secondary clamping of the reducer housing by the clamping block can be completed, further improving the clamping stability of the fixture. The pressure sensor and data processor are used to perform self-inspection of the pressure sensor on the one hand to ensure the accuracy of subsequent pressure detection data; on the other hand, the clamping floating situation during the processing is obtained and clamping adjustments are made according to the floating situation to reduce the floating during clamping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A right view structural diagram of ; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left view structure; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial main view structure; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the card block of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fourth telescopic portion of the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of region A; In the figure: 1. connecting frame; 2. first telescopic part; 3. first protruding frame; 4. first driving part; 5. first rotating shaft; 6. second telescopic part; 7. second protruding frame; 8. second driving part; 9. second rotating shaft; 10. first supporting part; 11. pressure sensor; 12. first clamping part; 13. third telescopic part; 14. fourth telescopic part; 15. pipeline; 16. supporting block; 17. third rotating shaft; 18. telescopic outer rod; 19. telescopic inner rod; 20. clamping block; 21. flow channel; 22. tracheal head; 23. limit block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the preferred embodiments and their accompanying drawings in a non-limiting manner. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Embodiment 1. Please refer to Figure 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a fixture for multi-process machining of a reducer housing part, including a connecting frame 1. A number of connecting holes are provided on the connecting frame 1 for connecting with a separately provided rotating robot arm, which is not shown in the figure. Through the connection between the connecting frame 1 and the rotating robot arm, the fixture can complete the adjustment of the machining station of the reducer housing under the connection action of the rotating robot arm; in addition, referring to Figure 1 , the connecting frame 1 in this embodiment is formed by vertically welding two square blocks. One is used to connect with the rotating robot arm, and the other is used to connect the fixture.

[0018] Specifically, clamping components are fixedly connected to opposite side surfaces of the connecting frame 1. The clamping component includes a first telescopic part 2. The first telescopic part 2 shown in the figure is an electric control telescopic rod, but the first telescopic part 2 also includes, but is not limited to, telescopic structures such as hydraulic or pneumatic telescopic cylinders. The output end of the first telescopic part 2 is fixedly connected to a first C-shaped frame 3. The top of the first C-shaped frame 3 is fixedly connected to a first driving part 4. The output end of the first driving part 4 penetrates through the top of the first C-shaped frame 3 and is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft 5. The other end of the first rotating shaft 5 is connected to the bottom of the first C-shaped frame 3 by a bearing. The middle part of the surface of the first rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected to a second telescopic part 6. The output end of the second telescopic part 6 is fixedly connected to a second C-shaped frame 7. When the first driving part 4 is started, its output end drives the second telescopic part 6 and the second C-shaped frame 7 to rotate; The top of the second C-shaped frame 7 is fixedly connected to a second driving part 8. The output end of the second driving part 8 is fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft 9. The second rotating shaft 9 penetrates and is connected to the bottom of the second C-shaped frame 7 by a bearing. The other end of the second rotating shaft 9 is fixedly connected to a first supporting part 10. By starting the second driving part 8, its output end will drive the second rotating shaft 9 and the first supporting part 10 to rotate synchronously at the same angle; A first clamping portion 12 is provided on the side of the first support portion 10 close to the reducer housing, and an insertion rod is connected between the first support portion 10 and the first clamping portion 12, one end of the insertion rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first support portion 10, and the insertion rod is fixedly connected to a limiting block 23 at the outer surface between the first clamping portion 12 and the first support portion 10. The first clamping portion 12 is slidably connected to the insertion rod, and the limiting block 23 serves to limit the first clamping portion 12 when it slides. The number of insertion rods and the shape of the end of the insertion rod close to the reducer housing are related to the shape of the reducer housing it contacts. For example, the specific number of insertion rods is related to the number of grooves of the connected reducer housing, and the shape of the end of the insertion rod close to the reducer housing matches the shape of the reducer housing it contacts.

[0019] In this embodiment, the position and angle of the connecting frame 1 are determined in advance by an external rotating manipulator, and the output ends of the first telescopic parts 2 in the clamping assembly are arranged so that there is enough space between the two first clamping parts 12 to place the reducer housing, wherein there are multiple arrangements for the output ends of the two first telescopic parts 2, wherein the first arrangement includes: the output ends of the two first telescopic parts 2 are both extended to a certain length, and after placement, the output ends of the two first telescopic parts 2 are retracted at the same time; the second arrangement includes: the output end of one first telescopic part 2 is extended to a certain length, and the output end of the other first telescopic part 2 is retracted, and after placement, the output end of one first telescopic part 2 is retracted; wherein, there is a difference in the extension lengths of the two first telescopic parts 2.

[0020] When placing the reducer housing, the corresponding insertion rod is aligned with the corresponding reducer housing groove, and then the output end of the first telescopic part 2 retracts so that the insertion rod is inserted into the corresponding reducer housing groove, the first clamping part 12 contacts the reducer housing, and the reducer housing continuously pushes the first clamping part 12 in contact with it to slide toward the first support part 10 until the first clamping part 12 contacts the limit block 23, the first clamping part 12 stops sliding and the first clamping part 12 is tightly clamped with the reducer housing in the ideal clamping state, thereby achieving the initial clamping of the reducer housing; by adjusting the position of the output end of the first telescopic part 2 and adjusting the setting of the insertion rod, the clamp can be used to meet the clamping of reducer housings of different sizes, wherein there are multiple settings for the output ends of the two first telescopic parts 2, setting method one: the output ends of the two first telescopic parts 2 are both kept in a state of extending a certain length, and after the placement is completed, the output ends of the two first telescopic parts 2 are retracted at the same time; In addition, after completing the initial clamping of the reducer housing, the four sides of the reducer can be directly aligned with the processing position by rotating the second drive part 8 at different angles to carry out targeted processing or treatment procedures. The clamping is simple and the reducer housing can be adjusted at multiple angles in the clamping state to meet the use requirements of multiple processing procedures.

[0021] Embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, adds the following structure, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 A plurality of third telescopic parts 13 are arranged at one end of the first support part 10 close to the reducer housing. The third telescopic parts 13 include but are not limited to electric telescopic rods, pneumatic or hydraulic elements. The output end of the third telescopic part 13 is fixedly connected to a third rotating shaft 17. The top of the third rotating shaft 17 is rotatably connected to a fourth telescopic part 14. The fourth telescopic part 14 is a non-electric structure. The fourth telescopic part 14 includes a telescopic outer rod 18 and a telescopic inner rod 19. The telescopic inner rod 19 is slidably connected to the inside of the telescopic outer rod 18. One end of the telescopic inner rod 19 located in the telescopic outer rod 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic outer rod 18 by a plurality of supporting springs.

[0022] The output end of the third telescopic portion 13 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 20 for engaging with the side groove of the reducer housing to improve the stability of the clamp when clamped.

[0023] Referring to the reducer housing in this embodiment, the lower side of the reducer housing is a semi-elliptical groove, so the block 20 engaged therewith is referred to as Figure 6 The shape shown, in addition, the clamping block 20 includes a clamping block that is engaged with the side groove and an L-shaped block integrally arranged with the clamping block, the L-shaped block is used to contact and clamp the top surface and side surface of the side groove when the clamping block is inserted into the side groove, thereby further improving the clamping stability. Similarly, the upper side of the reducer housing is a square groove, so the clamping block engaged with it is set to a square shape that matches it, thereby completing the setting of the clamping block 20.

[0024] In this embodiment, after the primary clamping process in the first embodiment is completed, the secondary clamping of the clamping block 20 is performed. It should be noted that when performing the primary clamping process, the contact between the bottom of one side of the reducer housing and the first clamping portion 12 is first completed, wherein the preferred Figure 1 The bottom of the reducer housing shown in the figure first contacts with the first clamping part 12 below. Before this contact, the position of the fourth telescopic part 14 is rotated so that it does not affect the contact process of the reducer housing. After the bottom of the reducer housing contacts with the first clamping part 12, the fourth telescopic part 14 is rotated again so that the clamping block 20 is aligned with the side groove directly below, and the third telescopic part 13 is started to retract. Under the action of the supporting spring, the auxiliary clamping block 20 can be held by hand and clamped into the corresponding side groove. After that, the top of the reducer housing contacts with the first clamping part 12 above, and the upper end clamping block 20 is clamped into the corresponding side groove, thereby completing the secondary clamping of the reducer housing by the clamping block 20, further improving the clamping stability of the clamp.

[0025] Embodiment 3, based on embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the following structure is added, referring to Figure 2A group of pressure sensors 11 are installed between the first supporting part 10 and the first clamping part 12. There are four pressure sensors 11 in the group, which are respectively arranged at four right angles of the first clamping part 12 for clamping floating detection. The pressure sensor 11 signal is connected to a data processor, which is arranged on a control terminal station for controlling the clamping of the reducer housing and the execution of multiple processing procedures.

[0026] In this embodiment, after completing the above-mentioned initial clamping and secondary clamping processes, the upper and lower pressure sensors 11 record the measured initial pressure data, which are respectively recorded as F 11 、F 12 、F 13 、F 14 、F 21 、F 22 、F 23 、F 24 , F represents the initially measured pressure, the first digit of the subscript represents the group, and the second digit of the subscript represents the position number under the corresponding group. During the processing of the reducer housing, the data processor will obtain the real-time pressure data f ij Draw the corresponding line graph, f is the real-time measured pressure in the processing process, and the subscripts i and j correspond to the above-mentioned group and the position number under the corresponding group, so i takes 1 and 2, and j takes an integer from 1 to 4; First, when performing a self-test of the pressure sensor 11, for example, first keep Figure 1 The installation position shown is set and the corresponding initial pressure data is obtained. Subsequently, the manipulator is rotated through the connecting frame 1 to flip the clamping assembly and the reducer housing 180°. When the initial pressure data measured by the upper and lower groups of pressure sensors 11 correspond to the pressure values ​​measured at the original positions, the self-inspection process of the pressure sensor 11 is completed and there is no quality problem with the pressure sensor 11. When the initial pressure data measured by the upper and lower groups of pressure sensors 11 do not correspond to the pressure values ​​measured at the original positions, it indicates that at least one of the pressure sensors 11 having the non-corresponding pressure value data has a quality problem, and the pressure sensor 11 needs to be replaced and re-inspected to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent pressure detection data. Second, after completing the self-test of the pressure sensor 11, when performing one side processing after clamping, in the presence of external force, for example, when performing Figure 1 When processing in the position state shown in the figure, the data processor compares the real-time pressure data with the corresponding initial pressure data to compare the floating conditions caused by the external force. The floating pressure value is recorded as When the floating pressure value is larger, the corresponding line graph is more bumpy, and vice versa, the more stable it is. Set the floating pressure limit , used to judge the floating situation. ≤ , it is considered that the clamping float is stable. > , it is identified as clamping floating bump, and the data processor records the number of times the clamping floating bump phenomenon occurs during the processing. When the number of times the clamping floating bump phenomenon occurs exceeds the set value, the set value is set manually, indicating that the clamping component is loose during the processing. According to the maximum floating pressure value in the clamping floating bump phenomenon, the first telescopic part 2 is retracted, and the specific retraction value is positively correlated with the corresponding maximum floating pressure value. In addition, the third telescopic part 13 is retracted accordingly to reduce the floating during clamping.

[0027] Example 4, reference Figure 3-Figure 4 as well as Figure 8 The first clamping part 12 is provided with an air pipe head 22 on one side facing the reducer housing for ventilation. The first clamping part 12 is provided with a plurality of flow channels 21 on the peripheral side of the air pipe head 22 for directional airflow diversion. The other side of the air pipe head 22 is connected with a pipe 15. The pipe 15 is a telescopic pipe that allows telescopic movement within a certain rotation range. A support block 16 is provided on the first clamping part 12. The support block 16 is used to support the connecting pipe 15 to prevent the pipe 15 from causing movement interference during the processing process. The maximum forward and reverse rotation of the clamping assembly is not higher than 180°. The other end of the pipe 15 is connected to the pump body.

[0028] In this embodiment, after the clamping is completed, the pump body is started to perform preliminary cleaning on the clamping surface with the help of the flow channel 21, thereby reducing the difficulty of subsequent cleaning.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts, comprising a connecting frame (1), wherein the connecting frame (1) is connected to a rotating robot arm, and is characterized in that: The connecting frame (1) is provided with a clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly is fixedly connected to two opposite side surfaces of the connecting frame (1), and the clamping assembly comprises a first telescopic portion (2), a first profile frame (3) connected to the output end of the first telescopic portion (2), a first driving portion (4) connected to the top of the first profile frame (3), a first rotating shaft (5) connected to the output end of the first driving portion (4), a second telescopic portion (6) connected to the middle of the surface of the first rotating shaft (5), a second profile frame (7) connected to the output end of the second telescopic portion (6), a second driving portion (8) connected to the top of the second profile frame (7), a second rotating shaft (9) connected to the output end of the second driving portion (8), a first supporting portion (10) connected to the other end of the second rotating shaft (9), and a first clamping portion (12) arranged on one side of the first supporting portion (10); A plurality of third telescopic parts (13) are arranged at one end of the first support part (10) close to the reducer housing, the output end of the third telescopic part (13) is fixedly connected to a third rotating shaft (17), the top of the third rotating shaft (17) is rotatably connected to a fourth telescopic part (14), and the output end of the third telescopic part (13) is fixedly connected to a clamping block (20); A group of pressure sensors (11) are installed between the first supporting portion (10) and the first clamping portion (12); the pressure sensors (11) are signal-connected to a data processor, and the data processor is arranged on a control terminal station.

2. According to claim 1, a fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts, characterized in that: The output end of the first driving part (4) passes through the top of the first shaped frame (3), and the other end of the first rotating shaft (5) is connected to the bottom bearing of the first shaped frame (3).

3. The fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second rotating shaft (9) passes through and is bearing-connected to the bottom of the second molded frame (7).

4. The fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An insertion rod is connected between the first supporting portion (10) and the first clamping portion (12), one end of the insertion rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first supporting portion (10), the insertion rod is fixedly connected to a limiting block (23) at the outer surface between the first clamping portion (12) and the first supporting portion (10), and the first clamping portion (12) is slidably connected to the insertion rod.

5. The fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The number of the inserted rods and the shape of one end of the inserted rod close to the reducer housing are related to the shape of the reducer housing with which the inserted rod contacts.

6. The fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fourth telescopic portion (14) comprises a telescopic outer rod (18) and a telescopic inner rod (19), wherein the telescopic inner rod (19) is slidably connected to the inside of the telescopic outer rod (18), and one end of the telescopic inner rod (19) located inside the telescopic outer rod (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the telescopic outer rod (18) by a plurality of supporting springs.

7. The fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure sensor (11) records the measured initial pressure data, which is recorded as F ij , F represents the initially measured pressure. During the processing of the reducer housing, the data processor will record the real-time pressure data obtained as f ij , f is the pressure measured in real time during the processing step, and the subscripts i and j correspond to the group and position number of the pressure sensor (11) respectively, so i is 1 and 2, and j is an integer between 1 and 4.

8. The fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 7 is characterized in that: When performing a self-test of the pressure sensor (11), firstly obtain the corresponding initial pressure data, then rotate the manipulator through the connecting frame (1) to flip the clamping assembly and the reducer housing 180 degrees, and perform the test of the pressure sensor (11).

9. A fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data processor compares the real-time pressure data with the corresponding initial pressure data and records the floating pressure value, which is recorded as , set the floating pressure limit , used to judge the floating situation. ≤ , it is considered that the clamping float is stable. > , identified as clamping floating bumps.

10. A fixture for multi-step processing of reducer housing parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data processor records the number of times the clamping floating bump phenomenon occurs during the processing to determine the looseness of the clamping component.

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