Small rescue helicopter

Abstract

The invention provides a small rescue helicopter, and belongs to the technical field of rescue equipment. The problem that efficient rescue work cannot be achieved in specific scenes due to the fact that the rescue mode in the existing domestic society is generally a rescue vehicle is solved. The small rescue helicopter comprises a helicopter body provided with a cockpit and a rescue cabin, a cabinet groove part used for storing rescue goods, a stretcher part used for rescuing and placing victims and a riding part used for riding rescuers are arranged in the rescue cabin, and a rescue door is formed in the tail of the rescue cabin of the helicopter body. After the rescue door is opened, the stretcher part can be removed from rescue to rescue victims. Compared with the prior art, the small rescue helicopter can be used for rescue in most severe environments with higher efficiency, and the rescue efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rescue equipment and relates to a small rescue helicopter. Background Art

[0002] Rescue helicopters are used to search and rescue victims on land, water or on the road, and they are responsible for search, delivery, earthquake, communication, salvage, medical and other rescue tasks. They are usually medium and light helicopters, equipped with medical personnel, first aid equipment and other basic rescue equipment. They have the advantages of wide search range, fast and flexible.

[0003] Some countries have studied rescue helicopters earlier and have mature technical preparation and research systems. Some developed countries mainly use special rescue helicopters, and multiple models coexist. In addition, some developing countries mainly use temporarily modified rescue helicopters. Based on the current development trend of the aviation field, light civil helicopters have received the focus of attention in the aviation development field of various countries due to their advantages of speed and flexibility. In central cities, large hospitals and other areas with large traffic in developed countries, rescue helicopters are equipped to facilitate people to get timely help when they encounter sudden illnesses and disasters. And more and more high-rise buildings are equipped with helipads on their roofs.

[0004] Fires, earthquakes, and other man-made disasters often occur sequentially, and the number of casualties caused by disasters in various regions of the country each year is very high. Therefore, we urgently need to develop fast and low-cost rescue tools to increase the amount of rescue and reduce the casualty rate in disasters. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a small rescue helicopter to address the problem that the rescue method in the current domestic society is usually mainly based on rescue vehicles, and efficient rescue work cannot be achieved in specific scenarios.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: A small rescue helicopter, characterized in that it includes a helicopter body with a cockpit and a rescue cabin, the rescue cabin is provided with a cabinet slot part for storing rescue materials, a stretcher part for rescuing and placing victims, and a seating part for rescuers, a rescue door is provided at the rear of the rescue cabin of the helicopter body, and after the rescue door is opened, the stretcher part can be removed from the rescue cabin to rescue the victims.

[0007] In the above-mentioned small rescue helicopter, the cabinet slot part includes a medicine cabinet for storing medical supplies, a medical box for storing first aid supplies, and a storage box for storing medical examination equipment. The medicine cabinet has multiple medicine cabinets, and the medicine cabinets are distributed in multiple rows and columns. The opening of the medical box is set upward, and the opening of the storage box is set laterally. Two layers of storage boards are provided above the storage box.

[0008] In the above-mentioned small rescue helicopter, the stretcher part includes a fixed plate, a flip plate, and a movable stretcher. The fixed plate is fixedly arranged in the rescue cabin, a first slide rail is fixedly arranged on the fixed plate, the flip plate is hingedly arranged at the end of the fixed slide rail, a second slide rail is fixedly arranged on the flip plate, the end of the first slide rail is in contact with the second slide rail, a sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the movable stretcher, and the sliding groove is movably arranged on the first slide rail. When the flip plate is flipped open, the sliding groove can move to the second slide rail.

[0009] In the above-mentioned small rescue helicopter, the movable stretcher has foldable wheel rods at the bottom of the front and rear ends, rollers are provided at the ends of the wheel rods, and buckles are provided between the wheel rods and the movable stretcher. After the wheel rods are turned out, the buckles are used to fix the wheel rods and the movable stretcher.

[0010] In the above-mentioned small rescue helicopter, the riding part includes a riding slide rail fixed in the rescue cabin and a plurality of riding chairs slidably arranged on the riding slide rail, and the riding chairs are arranged toward the stretcher part.

[0011] In the above-mentioned small rescue helicopter, the helicopter body includes a fuselage frame group, a rotor group, a tail rotor group, a landing gear group, an engine group, and a power system group.

[0012] Compared with the existing technology, this small rescue helicopter can perform rescue operations in most harsh environments with higher efficiency, thereby improving the efficiency of rescue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is the first structural schematic diagram of the small rescue helicopter; Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of the small rescue helicopter; Figure 3 It is the third structural schematic diagram of the small rescue helicopter; Figure 4 It is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the small rescue helicopter; Figure 5 It is the fifth structural schematic diagram of the small rescue helicopter; In the figure, 1. Helicopter body; 2. Cabinet slot part; 3. Stretcher part; 4. Passenger part; 5. Rescue door; 6. Medicine cabinet; 7. Medical box; 8. Storage box; 9. Medicine cabinet; 10. Storage board; 11. Fixed board; 12. Flip board; 13. Mobile stretcher; 14. Passenger slide rail; 15. Passenger chair. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the small rescue helicopter comprises a helicopter body 1 having a cockpit and a rescue cabin, the rescue cabin is provided with a cabinet slot part 2 for storing rescue materials, a stretcher part 3 for rescuing and placing victims, and a seating part 4 for rescuers, a rescue door 5 is provided at the rear of the rescue cabin of the helicopter body 1, and after the rescue door 5 is opened, the stretcher part 3 can be removed from the rescue to rescue the victims.

[0016] The cabinet slot part 2 includes a medicine cabinet 6 for storing medical supplies, a medical box 7 for storing first aid supplies, and a storage box 8 for storing medical examination equipment. The medicine cabinet 6 has multiple medicine cabinets 9, which are distributed in multiple rows and columns. The opening of the medical box 7 is set upward, and the opening of the storage box 8 is set laterally. Two layers of storage boards 10 are provided above the storage box 8.

[0017] The stretcher part 3 includes a fixed plate 11, a flip plate 12, and a movable stretcher 13. The fixed plate 11 is fixedly arranged in the rescue cabin, a first slide rail is fixedly arranged on the fixed plate 11, the flip plate 12 is hingedly arranged at the end of the fixed slide rail, a second slide rail is fixedly arranged on the flip plate 12, the end of the first slide rail is in contact with the second slide rail, a sliding groove is arranged at the bottom of the movable stretcher 13, and the sliding groove is movably arranged on the first slide rail. When the flip plate 12 is turned over, the sliding groove can move to the second slide rail.

[0018] Because it is difficult to directly lift the movable stretcher 13 part 3 from the higher helicopter body 1, the present invention adopts a fixed plate 11 and a flip plate 12, so that the first slide rail and the second slide rail are always close to each other during the flipping of the flip plate 12 relative to the fixed plate 11, so that the movable stretcher 13 can slide from the first slide rail to the second slide rail for movement, and can easily slide down or slide up from the helicopter body 1.

[0019] The bottom of the front and rear ends of the movable stretcher 13 are foldably provided with wheel rods, the ends of the wheel rods are provided with rollers, and buckles are provided between the wheel rods and the movable stretcher 13. After the wheel rods are turned out, the buckles are used to fix the wheel rods and the movable stretcher 13.

[0020] The presence of the rollers enables the movable stretcher 13 to roll and slide conveniently after leaving the helicopter body 1 .

[0021] The riding part 4 includes a riding rail 14 fixed in the rescue cabin and a plurality of riding chairs 15 slidably arranged on the riding rail 14 , and the riding chairs 15 are arranged toward the stretcher part 3 .

[0022] The storage box 8 is used to store small rescue supplies and emergency medicines. The medical storage box 8 contains: a negative pressure suction device, which can clean the respiratory secretions of patients with respiratory obstruction; a breathing balloon, which can assist the patient's breathing; an infusion device, which includes a blood transfusion device, an infusion device, an indwelling needle, and a cotton swab tourniquet. The vast majority of the rescue bases are unknown, and the range of injuries of patients with a larger range of predictions is stored in the 35 storage compartments.

[0023] Medical examination equipment includes: ECG monitor, which can monitor the patient's heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation and other indicators in real time; ECG machine, which can quickly diagnose heart diseases such as arrhythmia and myocardial infarction, and is one of the most commonly used emergency equipment; defibrillator, ventricular fibrillation is a common cause of sudden cardiac death, and the most effective way to terminate ventricular fibrillation is defibrillation. Therefore, for the emergency department, the essential first aid equipment in the rescue room is the defibrillator.

[0024] The helicopter body includes a fuselage frame group, a rotor group, a tail rotor group, a landing gear group, an engine group, and a power system group.

[0025] The design process of the helicopter body is as follows: (1) Single rotor with tail rotor.

[0026] The main feature of a helicopter is that it has a large rotor on the upper part of the fuselage, a long tail boom on the rear part of the fuselage, and a small tail rotor on the side of the vertical tail at the end of the tail boom. The tail rotor is perpendicular to the rotation plane of the rotor. The rotation of the tail rotor will generate a thrust or pull, which is exactly opposite to the reaction torque generated by the rotation of the rotor, and they offset each other to ensure the stability of the fuselage and the control of direction.

[0027] (2) Jet turbine engine.

[0028] The gas is generated by burning fuel, and the thrust is generated by ejecting the gas. The helicopter turboshaft engine is an improvement of the jet engine. It is optimized to generate shaft power to drive the machine and convert power. It is suitable for compact, small, and light helicopters to drive the rotor to rotate and generate power. It has an air inlet, a compressor, a combustion chamber, etc. The gas generated by the combustion of fuel in the turbine engine can also be ejected from the tail nozzle, which can generate a certain thrust, but the thrust is small. Therefore, the tail nozzle is generally installed with an upward or downward tilt, and sometimes it can be placed on both sides to adjust the aerodynamic layout during flight.

[0029] (3) For the layout of the horizontal tail on the tail boom, this design selects a front horizontal tail, which is located in front of the tail rotor and within the rotor diameter range. The front horizontal tail makes the helicopter more balanced and stable during flight. During flight, the wash flow of the rotor will exert a downward force on the horizontal tail, which can form a pair of reaction forces with the downward force of the helicopter's head, offsetting part of the force and making the helicopter have better level flight performance.

[0030] (4) Turboshaft engines are the power source for helicopters and are often used for power generation in power plants and ship propulsion.

[0031] The main function of a turboshaft engine is to generate shaft power. The principle of a turbofan engine in an aircraft is the opposite. The principle of a turbofan engine is to generate thrust, while the power generated by a helicopter turboshaft engine is to rotate the propeller rotor. The rotor power of the propeller is obtained from a set of turbines. The energy of the turbine is generated by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flowing on the turbine blades. The airfoil technology of the blades makes the turbine blades rotate.

[0032] Turboshaft engines are the power source for helicopters and are often used for power generation in power plants and ship propulsion. The main function of a turboshaft engine is to generate shaft power, which is the opposite of the principle of a turbofan engine in an aircraft. The principle of a turbofan engine is to generate thrust, while the power generated by a helicopter turboshaft engine is to rotate the propeller rotor. The rotor power of the propeller is obtained from a set of turbines. The energy of the turbine is generated by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flowing on the turbine blades. The airfoil technology of the blades makes the turbine blades rotate.

[0033] However, where do the gases that produce the high-energy tassels come from? They are obtained by burning fuel in a set of efficient combustion chambers in the power turbine. The fuel must be mixed with medium-temperature high-pressure air to burn very efficiently. This high-pressure air is made up of a set of compressors, which are mounted on hollow shafts and in the opposite direction to the solid power shaft. The power for the compressors is provided by a new set of turbines, which are mounted on hollow shafts in order to provide power to the compressors mounted on the same hollow shaft. This set of turbines is called a gas generator turbine.

[0034] A centrifugal compressor is also installed in the compressor section, which provides greater power for efficient air compression.

[0035] During operation, the power turbine rotates in the opposite direction to the gas generator turbine, which is designed to reduce the gyroscopic effect with the rotating object. The angular momentum of the rotation is called shedding precession, and by having the power turbine and gas generator turbine units rotate in opposite directions, the angular momentum of the engine is almost eliminated, making it easier to navigate the helicopter.

[0036] Another unique feature is that the ignition and flame direction of the combustion chamber are opposite to the direction of the airflow, a design called a counter-flow combustion chamber. Most of the compressed air is not used for the combustion process, instead the air rushes through the combustion chamber at high speed, bypassing and surrounding the combustion chamber, which is to limit the temperature generated by the combustion in the combustion chamber, so that the combustion chamber materials can withstand the high temperature of 1700° and play a cooling role.

[0037] (5) Main reduction system.

[0038] The main reduction system is mainly composed of engine reduction and planetary gear reduction. The engine main shaft outputs power, which is transmitted to the main shaft of the main reducer, and then the main reducer transmits power to the planetary gear train to achieve a large reduction effect.

[0039] The working characteristics of the main reducer are deceleration and power steering. It converts the high-speed, low-torque engine power into low-speed, high-torque and transmits it to the rotor shaft, and transmits the power to the tail rotor according to the speed and torque requirements. In the helicopter, it also plays a central force structure role, it will bear all the forces and torques generated by the rotor and transmit them to the fuselage.

[0040] According to the working characteristics of the column reduction system, the following requirements are imposed on its performance: large transmission power and light weight. With the development of helicopters, the gear meshing of the main reduction system will be subjected to huge forces.

[0041] (6) Rotor system.

[0042] The principle of lift provided by the helicopter rotor system is similar to that of fixed-wing aircraft, except that the fixed wings of fixed-wing aircraft are replaced by rotating rotors. When the helicopter is lying flat on the ground, the blades will naturally droop due to their own weight. When the helicopter is flying, the rotor blades will form a large cone-shaped "paddle disc plane" with a certain taper facing the ground, and the total pulling force generated on the rotor is perpendicular to the blade disc plane. When this upward pulling force is greater than the weight of the helicopter, the aircraft takes off; when this upward pulling force is less than the weight of the helicopter, the aircraft lands. When they are exactly equal, the helicopter will hover. By controlling the blade disc plane, the pulling force direction of the rotor can be changed, so that the helicopter can fly in different directions from front to back, left to right.

[0043] However, as the helicopter took off, people found that the front blades had a greater relative airflow speed than the rear blades, and the pulling force they generated was also greater than the rear blades, resulting in uneven lift on both sides of the helicopter. If the blades are rigidly connected to the hub, it can easily cause the fuselage to roll over.

[0044] In order to solve this problem, a hinge mechanism is needed to connect the blade and the hub. An axial hole is set horizontally at the root of the blade, which is connected to the hub through a pin. This connection method allows the blade to swing up and down to a certain extent, so that the fuselage will not have a large deflection. However, since the swinging of the blade is affected by the Coriolis force, the radius of the blade's center of mass from the rotation axis decreases when the blade swings upward, and the generated Coriolis moment causes the blade to rotate faster. When the blade returns to the middle position, the radius of the blade's center of mass from the rotation axis is the largest, and the generated Coriolis moment causes the blade to rotate slower. Since the Coriolis force of the blade changes with the periodic changes of the swinging, it has a great impact on the root of the blade, so it is also necessary to install a "swing hinge" to allow the blade to swing back and forth slightly, thereby increasing the life of the blade.

[0045] In addition, there is a hinge "variable pitch hinge" at the root of the rotor, whose function is to deflect each blade around its axis within a certain range, change the angle of attack, and change the amount of lift.

[0046] The three hinges of the helicopter rotor constitute the key link for helicopter control and normal operation of the rotor. The rotor can realize manual control of the helicopter's forward direction through three movements: flapping, oscillating, and pitch change. This can lead to a new concept, the upper rotating ramp and the lower rotating ramp. The lower rotating ramp is used by the piston cylinder and the four-bar mechanism to adjust the position of the lower rotating ramp as needed, and the lower rotating ramp pushes against the upper rotating ramp to change the inclination angle of the blade. If the lower rotating ramp is pushed in all directions, the blade angles in all directions will change together to control the helicopter to rise or fall; if only one side is pushed and the position is tilted, it can be achieved that when the blade rotates to one side, the angle always increases, and when it turns to the other side, the angle always decreases; such unbalanced lift will change the swing amplitude of the blade, thereby changing the direction of the rotor disc plane, so that the helicopter can fly in different directions.

[0047] (7) Choice of weight.

[0048] The small rescue helicopter has an empty weight of 1592 kg, a gross weight of 2655 kg and a payload of 1063 kg; The total weight of the rotor assembly is 250 kg; The total weight of the tail rotor assembly is 35 kg; The total weight of the fuselage frame assembly is 11 kg; The total weight of the landing gear set is 55 kg; The total weight of the engine unit is 120 kg; The total weight of the powertrain group is 320 kg; Fuel capacity 451 kg; Total crew weight is 360 kg; Total weight of medical equipment: 200 kg; The total weight of the survival kit is 55 kg; The total weight of the oxygen equipment is 140 kg.

[0049] Propeller and fuselage selection: Use a ducted tail rotor (which can increase the life of the tail rotor, reduce noise, and reduce resistance); The blade length is 5.5 meters; The tail rotor diameter is 1.95 meters; Total number of blades: 4; Total number of tail rotors: 6; The fuselage length is 13 meters; The cabin height is 3.45 meters; Flight speed selection: Cruising speed 246 km / h; Maximum flight speed 268 km / h; Rotor tip speed 200 m / s; Tail rotor tip speed 210 m / s (ducted tail rotor slightly higher relative rotor speed); Rotor speed 360 rpm; Tail rotor speed 2100 rpm; The maximum lift-to-drag ratio is 4; Maximum altitude: 5000 meters.

[0050] It should be understood that in the claims and description of the present invention, all "including..." should be understood as an open-ended meaning, that is, its meaning is equivalent to "at least contains...", and should not be understood as a closed meaning, that is, its meaning should not be understood as "only includes...".

[0051] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A small rescue helicopter, characterized in that: The rescue cabin comprises a helicopter body with a cockpit and a rescue cabin. The rescue cabin is provided with a cabinet slot part for storing rescue supplies, a stretcher part for rescuing and placing victims, and a seating part for rescuers. A rescue door is provided at the rear of the rescue cabin of the helicopter body. After the rescue door is opened, the stretcher part can be removed from the rescue cabin to rescue the victims.

2. A small rescue helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabinet slot part includes a medicine cabinet for storing medicines and supplies, a medical box for storing first aid supplies, and a storage box for storing medical examination equipment. The medicine cabinet has multiple medicine cabinets, which are distributed in multiple rows and columns. The opening of the medical box is set upward, and the opening of the storage box is set laterally. Two layers of storage boards are provided above the storage box.

3. A small rescue helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stretcher part includes a fixed plate, a flip plate, and a movable stretcher. The fixed plate is fixedly arranged in the rescue cabin, a first slide rail is fixedly arranged on the fixed plate, the flip plate is hingedly arranged at the end of the fixed slide rail, a second slide rail is fixedly arranged on the flip plate, the end of the first slide rail is in contact with the second slide rail, a sliding groove is arranged at the bottom of the movable stretcher, and the sliding groove is movably arranged on the first slide rail. When the flip plate is turned over, the sliding groove can move to the second slide rail.

4. A small rescue helicopter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the front and rear ends of the movable stretcher are foldably provided with wheel rods, the ends of the wheel rods are provided with rollers, buckles are provided between the wheel rods and the movable stretcher, and the wheel rods are fixed to the movable stretcher through the buckles after the wheel rods are turned out.

5. A small rescue helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The riding part comprises a riding slide rail fixed in the rescue cabin and a plurality of riding chairs slidably arranged on the riding slide rail, and the riding chairs are arranged toward the stretcher part.

6. A small rescue helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helicopter body comprises a fuselage frame group, a rotor group, a tail rotor group, a landing gear group, an engine group and a power system group.

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