Ceramic tile with three-dimensional penetrating effect and preparation method of ceramic tile

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic tile with a three-dimensional penetrating effect, which comprises a light-transmitting green body, the light-transmitting green body comprises ceramic powder and water-absorbent resin, and the weight ratio of the ceramic powder to the water-absorbent resin is 100: (1.5-2.5); the ceramic powder is prepared from the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 63.1 to 73.3 percent of SiO2, 17.5 to 21.4 percent of Al2O3, 1.9 to 4.5 percent of K2O, 1.3 to 3.1 percent of CaO, 0.2 to 1.5 percent of MgO and 4.3 to 7.2 percent of ignition loss. The water-absorbent resin is prepared from one or more of polyacrylate, a starch acrylate polymer, a starch-acrylonitrile grafted copolymer and an acrylamide-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid terpolymer. By adopting the formula of the ceramic powder and compounding of the water-absorbent resin, a green body with good light transmission and high strength can be obtained, meanwhile, the water-absorbent resin has a strong water absorption and permeation effect, permeation of color penetrating ink is facilitated, and the permeation depth can reach 3-4 mm. And the fired finished product is bright in color, fine and mild in pattern and strong in stereoscopic impression.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of building ceramics, and in particular to a three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the in-depth development of the ceramic tile industry market, people's demand for ceramic tiles is increasing, especially for the material, pattern level, color, etc. Marble tiles are popular among consumers for their unique imitation of natural stone texture. Usually, special technology is required to prepare complex and exquisite three-dimensional decorative patterns to restore the real stone texture. The inkjet infiltration process can penetrate the pattern into the body or glaze to form a good three-dimensional decorative effect.

[0003] However, in the prior art, the surface decoration patterns of marble tiles with light colors are usually not delicate enough, the inkjet infiltration ink has poor color development ability, the infiltration process has poor color vividness, and the decorative function is also poor. It is usually only slightly infiltrated on the plane, and cannot truly show the concave and convex texture of natural stone. For the natural full-body texture effect of stone, the industry currently mainly uses full-body multi-channel fabrics, which have complicated processes and cannot show delicate textures. The infiltration process can better show the delicate and transparent texture.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for preparing a three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile, which can obtain a ceramic tile with fine texture, bright color and strong permeability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile, the infiltration ink has strong permeability and does not affect the strength of the body, can form a good color, delicate and real three-dimensional texture, showing the beauty of natural stone.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile, including a translucent body, the translucent body including ceramic powder and water-absorbing resin, the weight ratio of the ceramic powder to the water-absorbing resin is 100:1.5~2.5; the chemical composition of the ceramic powder, measured in mass percentage, includes: SiO2 63.1~73.3%, Al2O3 17.5~21.4%, K2O1.9~4.5%, CaO 1.3~3.1%, MgO 0.2~1.5% and loss on ignition 4.3~7.2%.

[0007] The present invention adopts the above ceramic powder formula and the compound of water-absorbing resin to obtain a green body with good light transmittance and high strength, and at the same time has a strong water absorption and penetration effect, which is conducive to the penetration of the infiltration ink, and the penetration depth can reach 3-4mm. The finished product after firing is bright in color, delicate and warm in pattern, and has a strong three-dimensional sense.

[0008] Preferably, the water-absorbing resin comprises one or more of polyacrylic acid salt, starch acrylate polymer, starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer and acrylamide-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid terpolymer. The green body formed by pressing has strong water absorption and penetration, and the water-absorbing resin powder decomposes during high-temperature sintering without affecting the green body strength.

[0009] Preferably, the raw material components of the ceramic powder include, by weight, 5-10 parts of washed kaolin, 3-6 parts of washed ball clay, 15-20 parts of bentonite, 15-20 parts of quartz, 3-6 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of calcium feldspar and 8-15 parts of high-aluminum potassium sand. The compounding of the above ceramic powder formula can obtain a ceramic body with good light transmittance and high strength. The formula contains a high amount of bentonite to ensure that the body still has very good strength after spraying the penetration agent and is not easy to break and crack.

[0010] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile, comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1, mixing the raw materials in proportion, pressing them into the light-transmitting body, and drying them;

[0012] S2, according to a preset pattern, sequentially inkjet printing a penetration aid and a penetration ink on the surface of the light-transmitting blank to form a penetration layer;

[0013] S3, according to a preset pattern, inkjet printing color ink on the surface of the infiltration layer to form a pattern layer;

[0014] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer;

[0015] S5. After firing, the three-dimensional ceramic tile with infiltration effect is obtained.

[0016] The pattern layer printed by ordinary inkjet is combined with the infiltration ink to make up for the shortcomings of the infiltration ink, such as color difference and scattered pattern texture. Combined with the strong infiltration-assisting effect, the penetration texture depth of the fired ceramic tiles is enhanced. At the same time, the pattern is colorful, has a strong three-dimensional effect and is highly delicate.

[0017] Preferably, in the above preparation method, the penetration agent comprises, by mass percentage, 15-25% ammonium citrate, 50-60% alcohol solvent, 15-35% water and 0.3-0.8% defoamer; the alcohol solvent is a mixture of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, and the mass ratio of ethylene glycol to propylene glycol is 2:1; the spraying amount of the penetration agent is 60-120 g / m 2 The penetration enhancer has good moisturizing properties and a strong penetration enhancing effect.

[0018] Preferably, in the above preparation method, a step of applying a dry particle layer is further included between step S3 and step S4, specifically comprising:

[0019] S3-1. According to a preset pattern, positioning glue and mixed dry particles are applied on the surface of the pattern layer to form a dry particle layer.

[0020] By applying dry particles, the fired ceramic tiles can form an inlaid jade effect, which feels warm and delicate. Combined with the infiltrated pattern, it forms a concave and convex texture, which has a stronger three-dimensional effect and better restores the real stone texture.

[0021] Preferably, the mixed dry particles include dry particles A and dry particles B, the mass ratio of the dry particles A to the dry particles B is 1:1; the particle size of the dry particles A is 20-40 meshes, and the particle size of the dry particles B is 60-120 meshes.

[0022] The chemical composition of the dry particles A includes, by mass percentage: SiO2 58.2-63.3%, Al2O3 12.3-16.1%, CaO 5.3-7.5%, K2O 3.5-4.5%, ZnO: 7.0-10.5% and loss on ignition 3.6-6.9%;

[0023] The chemical composition of the dry particles B includes, by mass percentage, SiO2 58.9-65.3%, Al2O3 13.5-19.1%, K2O 2.5-4.7%, CaO 5.5-8.5%, Na2O 3.3-5.1% and loss on ignition 3.6-5.9%;

[0024] The raw material composition of the dry particles A includes, by weight, 12 to 18 parts of quartz, 15 to 21 parts of wollastonite, 3.5 to 5.8 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 to 12 parts of potassium feldspar and 10 to 15 parts of zinc oxide;

[0025] The raw material composition of the dry particles B includes, by weight, 20 to 26 parts of quartz, 10 to 17 parts of wollastonite, 3.5 to 5.8 parts of calcined kaolin, 11 to 16 parts of limestone, 1.0 to 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 to 14 parts of potassium feldspar and 12 to 16 parts of sodium feldspar; the dry particles B are further added with 1 to 3 parts of a colorant, which is one or more of copper, iron and cobalt oxides.

[0026] By compounding transparent dry particles A and translucent colored dry particles B in different particle size ranges, the granular feel formed by components of different densities in natural stone can be achieved.

[0027] Preferably, in the above preparation method, the chemical composition of the protective glaze includes, by mass percentage: SiO2 46.1-49.3%, Al2O3 13.9-18.7%, K2O 2.5-3.9%, Na2O 2.9-4.2%, ZnO 4.3-6.9%, BaO 7.1-9.5%, MgO 3.2-5.3% and loss on ignition 5.1-7.5%;

[0028] The raw material composition of the protective glaze includes, by weight, 7-12 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-13 parts of sodium feldspar, 5-9 parts of calcined aluminum oxide, 7-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 10-17 parts of calcined talc, 4-8 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 15-23 parts of barium carbonate and 2-5 parts of quartz.

[0029] The glossiness of the controlled protective glaze is relatively low, forming a certain brightness difference with the dry particle layer after firing.

[0030] Preferably, in the above preparation method, the firing system in step S5 includes a preheating stage, an oxidation decomposition stage, a high temperature stage, a high-fire insulation stage and a cooling stage;

[0031] The preheating stage is from room temperature to 300°C, and the heating rate is 5 to 10°C / min;

[0032] The oxidation decomposition stage is 300-950°C, and the heating rate is 20-30°C / min;

[0033] The high temperature stage is from 950°C to the maximum firing temperature, the heating rate is 10-15°C / min, and the maximum firing temperature is 1165-1225°C;

[0034] The high-fire heat preservation stage lasts for 8 to 13 minutes.

[0035] Since the green body formula contains a large amount of mud, it is necessary to control the time of the oxidation and decomposition stage to ensure sufficient oxidation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a physical diagram of Example 3;

[0038] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0040] The present invention discloses a three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile, which includes a translucent body, and the translucent body includes ceramic powder and water-absorbing resin, wherein the weight ratio of the ceramic powder to the water-absorbing resin is 100:1.5-2.5. The ceramic powder for preparing the translucent body preferably has good light transmittance and whiteness. Preferably, the raw material components of the ceramic powder include, by weight: 5-10 parts of washed kaolin, 3-6 parts of washed ball clay, 15-20 parts of bentonite, 15-20 parts of quartz, 3-6 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of calcium feldspar and 8-15 parts of high-aluminum potassium sand. The chemical composition of the ceramic powder is measured by mass percentage, including: SiO2 63.1-73.3%, Al2O3 17.5-21.4%, K2O 1.9-4.5%, CaO 1.3-3.1%, MgO 0.2-1.5% and ignition loss 4.3-7.2%. The compounding of the above ceramic powder formula can obtain a ceramic body with good light transmittance and high strength. The formula contains a relatively high amount of bentonite to ensure that the body still has very good strength after spraying the penetration agent and is not easy to break and crack. The whiteness of the body made by this powder formula can reach 72-80°. The high whiteness of the body is more conducive to the pattern layering effect and light transmittance. The raw material formula used in the present invention has good whiteness and good color.

[0041] Water-absorbing resin is introduced into the formula of the light-transmitting blank, and the highly water-absorbing resin powder is decomposed during high-temperature sintering, which will not affect the strength of the blank. On the other hand, during the drying process of the blank, a large amount of interlayer water will be discharged from bentonite at a temperature stage of 100 to 250°C, which is easy to cause the blank to shrink sharply and cause drying cracks, and the thermal decomposition temperature of the highly water-absorbing resin powder is about 380°C. Therefore, as the temperature rises, it will act in the subsequent process to control the slow drying of the water, and then the blank is not easy to produce drying cracks. The introduction of the water-absorbing resin enables the blank to have a strong water absorption and penetration effect. By adjusting the ratio of ceramic powder and water-absorbing resin, the formed light-transmitting blank has a strong water absorption and penetration effect and high strength. Preferably, the water-absorbing resin includes one or more of polyacrylate, starch acrylate polymer, starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer and acrylamide-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid terpolymer.

[0042] A method for preparing the above-mentioned three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. Mix the raw materials in proportion and press them into a light-transmitting body, and dry them. To obtain a better light-transmitting effect, preferably, the thickness of the light-transmitting body does not exceed 10 mm, and more preferably, the thickness of the light-transmitting body is 4 to 6 mm. To obtain a more three-dimensional concave-convex texture, a concave-convex mold can be used during the pressing process to form a concave-convex texture on the body.

[0044] S2, according to a preset pattern, sequentially inkjet printing a penetration aid and a penetration ink on the surface of the light-transmitting blank to form a penetration layer;

[0045] Preferably, the penetration enhancer comprises, by mass percentage, 15-25% ammonium citrate, 50-60% alcohol solvent, 15-35% water and 0.3-0.8% defoamer; the alcohol solvent is a mixture of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol in a mass ratio of 2:1; the spraying amount of the penetration enhancer is 60-120 g / m 2 . The infiltration ink can be conventional infiltration ink in the industry, such as blue, brown, yellow and black inks provided by Shanghai Meigao Color Co., Ltd. The formula of the infiltration aid used in the present invention has good moisturizing properties and strong infiltration effect. With the light-transmitting blank used in this solution, the penetration depth can reach 3 to 4 mm, which is much higher than the conventional depth of 1 to 2 mm in the prior art.

[0046] S3, according to the preset pattern, inkjet printing color ink on the surface of the infiltration layer to form a pattern layer;

[0047] S3-1, according to the preset pattern, apply positioning glue and mixed dry particles on the surface of the pattern layer to form a dry particle layer; illustratively, the preferred gray value of the positioning glue is 80-100%, and the amount of the positioning glue is 100-200 g / m 2In order to obtain a more transparent concave-convex texture effect of simulated real stone, dry particles can also be spread. Preferably, color ink is printed on the raised position of the blank, and positioning glue and mixed dry particles are applied on the groove position, so that the pattern effect is more transparent and three-dimensional.

[0048] Preferably, the mixed dry particles include dry particles A and dry particles B, and the mass ratio of dry particles A to dry particles B is 1:1.

[0049] The chemical composition of the dry particles A includes, by mass percentage, SiO2 58.2-63.3%, Al2O3 12.3-16.1%, CaO 5.3-7.5%, K2O 3.5-4.5%, ZnO 7.0-10.5% and ignition loss 3.6-6.9%.

[0050] The chemical composition of the dry particles B includes, by mass percentage, SiO2 58.9-65.3%, Al2O3 13.5-19.1%, K2O 2.5-4.7%, CaO 5.5-8.5%, Na2O 3.3-5.1% and loss on ignition 3.6-5.9%.

[0051] The raw material composition of the dry granules A includes 12 to 18 parts of quartz, 15 to 21 parts of wollastonite, 3.5 to 5.8 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 to 12 parts of potassium feldspar and 10 to 15 parts of zinc oxide by weight; preferably, the dry granules A are sintered at a maximum sintering temperature in the range of 1165 to 1225° C., and the glossiness is 90 to 100°.

[0052] The raw material composition of dry granules B includes 20-26 parts of quartz, 10-17 parts of wollastonite, 3.5-5.8 parts of calcined kaolin, 11-16 parts of limestone, 1.0-1.5 parts of alumina, 10-14 parts of potassium feldspar and 12-16 parts of sodium feldspar by weight; the dry granules B are also added with 1-3 parts of colorants, and the colorants are one or more of copper, iron and cobalt oxides. Preferably, dry granules B are fired at a maximum firing temperature of 1165-1225°C, and the glossiness is 30-50°. The dry granules A and B are adjusted to have different glossiness, so that the glossiness of the mixed dry granules after mixing is 60-75°.

[0053] Preferably, the particle size of dry particles A is 20-40 meshes, and the particle size of dry particles B is 60-120 meshes. The transparent dry particles A and the translucent colored dry particles B of the above formula are compounded to form an inlaid jade effect in the groove, which has a warm and delicate touch, and has a stronger three-dimensional sense with the infiltration pattern, and truly restores the concave and convex texture of the stone. Through different particle grading, different melting temperatures and post-firing effects, the fired product has a granular touch formed by different density components in imitation of natural stone.

[0054] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; the protective glaze is covered on the surface of the tile as a layer of protective glaze, preferably, the amount of glaze applied is in the range of 200-350g / m 2 The specific gravity is 1.30-1.35 g / mL, and the fineness of the protective glaze after ball milling is controlled at 0.1-0.4% on a 325M sieve residue.

[0055] Exemplarily, the chemical composition of the protective glaze includes by mass percentage: SiO2 46.1-49.3%, Al2O3 13.9-18.7%, K2O 2.5-3.9%, Na2O 2.9-4.2%, ZnO 4.3-6.9%, BaO 7.1-9.5%, MgO 3.2-5.3% and ignition loss 5.1-7.5%; the raw material composition of the protective glaze includes by weight 7-12 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-13 parts of sodium feldspar, 5-9 parts of calcined alumina, 7-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 10-17 parts of calcined talc, 4-8 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 15-23 parts of barium carbonate and 2-5 parts of quartz. The protective glaze is fired at a maximum firing temperature of 1165-1225°C, and the glossiness is 6-13°. By adjusting the glossiness of the protective glaze to be lower than that of the dry particles B, it is made to have a different glossiness from the mixed dry particles after firing, thereby forming a certain brightness difference.

[0056] S5. After firing, the three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tile is obtained. The firing system includes a preheating stage, an oxidation decomposition stage, a high temperature stage, a high-fire insulation stage and a cooling stage; the preheating stage is room temperature to 300°C, and the heating rate is 5 to 10°C / min; the oxidation decomposition stage is 300 to 950°C, and the heating rate is 20 to 30°C / min; the high temperature stage is 950°C to the highest firing temperature, the heating rate is 10 to 15°C / min, and the highest firing temperature is 1165 to 1225°C; the high-fire insulation stage time is 8 to 13 minutes. The firing system is precisely controlled, the temperature curve is subdivided and controlled, the appropriate heating rate, the appropriate temperature section and the insulation time are determined, the firing process is strictly controlled, and the state of each component during the firing process is accurately controlled to achieve the most suitable conditions and obtain ceramic tiles with a quality close to that of natural stone.

[0057] Further examples are listed below to describe the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art according to the above content of the present invention all belong to the scope of the present invention. The specific process parameters of the following examples are also only an example in a suitable range, that is, those skilled in the art can make selections within a suitable range through the description of this article, and are not limited to the specific numerical values ​​of the examples below. If the specific conditions are not indicated in the examples, proceed according to the normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not indicated in the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] A method for preparing a three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect comprises the following steps:

[0060] S1. Mix the raw materials according to the ratios shown in Table 1 and Table 3, press them into a 4 mm transparent green body using a concave-convex mold, and dry them; wherein Table 2 is the chemical composition of the ceramic powder.

[0061] S2. According to the preset pattern, inkjet print the penetration agent and the penetration ink on the surface of the transparent blank in sequence to form a penetration layer; the formula of the penetration agent is shown in Table 4, and the spraying amount of the penetration agent is 60g / m 2 .

[0062] S3. According to a preset pattern, inkjet print color ink at the position of the raised texture on the surface of the blank to form a pattern layer.

[0063] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; the protective glaze formula is shown in Table 5, and the amount of glaze applied is 200g / m 2 The specific gravity is 1.30 g / mL, and the fineness of the protective glaze after ball milling is controlled at 0.1-0.4% on a 325M sieve. Table 6 shows the chemical composition of the protective glaze.

[0064] S5. Send it into the kiln and heat it from room temperature to 300℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then heat it from 300℃ to 950℃ at a heating rate of 30℃ / min, then heat it from 950℃ to 1175℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, keep it warm for 13 minutes, and after firing, you will get ceramic tiles with three-dimensional infiltration effect.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A method for preparing a three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Mix the raw materials according to the ratios shown in Table 1 and Table 3, press them into a 4 mm transparent green body using a concave-convex mold, and dry them; wherein Table 2 is the chemical composition of the ceramic powder.

[0068] S2. According to the preset pattern, inkjet print the penetration agent and the penetration ink on the surface of the transparent blank in sequence to form a penetration layer; the formula of the penetration agent is shown in Table 4, and the spraying amount of the penetration agent is 80g / m 2 .

[0069] S3. According to a preset pattern, inkjet print color ink at the position of the raised texture on the surface of the blank to form a pattern layer.

[0070] S3-1. According to the preset pattern, apply positioning glue and mixed dry particles on the groove texture position on the surface of the blank to form a dry particle layer; the gray value of the positioning glue is 80%, and the amount of positioning glue is 100g / m 2 The mixed dry granules are prepared by mixing dry granules A and dry granules B in a mass ratio of 1:1. The particle size of dry granules A ranges from 20 to 40 meshes, and the particle size of dry granules B ranges from 60 to 120 meshes. The raw material composition of dry granules A and dry granules B is shown in Table 7, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 8.

[0071] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; the protective glaze formula is shown in Table 5, and the amount of glaze applied is 200g / m 2 The specific gravity is 1.30 g / mL, and the fineness of the protective glaze after ball milling is controlled at 0.1-0.4% on a 325M sieve. Table 6 shows the chemical composition of the protective glaze.

[0072] S5. Send it into the kiln and heat it from room temperature to 300℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, then heat it from 300℃ to 950℃ at a heating rate of 20℃ / min, then heat it from 950℃ to 1190℃ at a heating rate of 15℃ / min, keep it warm for 13 minutes, and after firing, you will get ceramic tiles with three-dimensional infiltration effect.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] A method for preparing a three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. Mix the raw materials according to the ratios shown in Table 1 and Table 3, press them into a 4 mm transparent green body using a concave-convex mold, and dry them; wherein Table 2 is the chemical composition of the ceramic powder.

[0076] S2. According to the preset pattern, inkjet print the penetration agent and the penetration ink on the surface of the transparent blank in sequence to form a penetration layer; the formula of the penetration agent is shown in Table 4, and the spraying amount of the penetration agent is 120g / m 2 .

[0077] S3. According to a preset pattern, inkjet print color ink at the position of the raised texture on the surface of the blank to form a pattern layer.

[0078] S3-1. According to the preset pattern, apply positioning glue and mixed dry particles on the groove texture position on the surface of the blank to form a dry particle layer; the gray value of the positioning glue is 100%, and the amount of positioning glue is 200g / m 2 The mixed dry granules are prepared by mixing dry granules A and dry granules B in a mass ratio of 1:1. The particle size of dry granules A ranges from 20 to 40 meshes, and the particle size of dry granules B ranges from 60 to 120 meshes. The raw material composition of dry granules A and dry granules B is shown in Table 7, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 8.

[0079] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; the protective glaze formula is shown in Table 5, and the amount of glaze applied is 260g / m 2 The specific gravity is 1.31 g / mL, and the fineness of the protective glaze after ball milling is controlled at 0.1-0.4% on a 325M sieve. Table 6 shows the chemical composition of the protective glaze.

[0080] S5. Put it into the kiln and heat it from room temperature to 300℃ at a heating rate of 5℃ / min, then heat it from 300℃ to 950℃ at a heating rate of 30℃ / min, then heat it from 950℃ to 1203℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, keep it warm for 13 minutes, and after firing, you will get ceramic tiles with three-dimensional infiltration effect.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] A method for preparing a three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect comprises the following steps:

[0083] S1. Mix the raw materials according to the ratios shown in Table 1 and Table 3, press them into a 6 mm transparent green body using a concave-convex mold, and dry them; wherein Table 2 is the chemical composition of the ceramic powder.

[0084] S2. According to the preset pattern, inkjet print the penetration agent and the penetration ink on the surface of the transparent blank in sequence to form a penetration layer; the formula of the penetration agent is shown in Table 4, and the spraying amount of the penetration agent is 110g / m 2 .

[0085] S3. According to a preset pattern, inkjet print color ink at the position of the raised texture on the surface of the blank to form a pattern layer.

[0086] S3-1. According to the preset pattern, apply positioning glue and mixed dry particles on the groove texture position on the surface of the blank to form a dry particle layer; the gray value of the positioning glue is 95%, and the amount of positioning glue is 170g / m 2The mixed dry granules are prepared by mixing dry granules A and dry granules B in a mass ratio of 1:1. The particle size of dry granules A ranges from 20 to 40 meshes, and the particle size of dry granules B ranges from 60 to 120 meshes. The raw material composition of dry granules A and dry granules B is shown in Table 7, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 8.

[0087] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; the protective glaze formula is shown in Table 5, and the amount of glaze applied is 300g / m 2 The specific gravity is 1.33 g / mL, and the fineness of the protective glaze after ball milling is controlled at 0.1-0.4% on a 325M sieve. Table 6 shows the chemical composition of the protective glaze.

[0088] S5. Send it into the kiln and heat it from room temperature to 300℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, then heat it from 300℃ to 950℃ at a heating rate of 20℃ / min, then heat it from 950℃ to 1215℃ at a heating rate of 15℃ / min, keep it warm for 8 minutes, and after firing, you will get ceramic tiles with three-dimensional infiltration effect.

[0089] Example 5

[0090] A method for preparing a three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect comprises the following steps:

[0091] S1. Mix the raw materials according to the ratios shown in Table 1 and Table 3, press them into a 6 mm transparent green body using a concave-convex mold, and dry them; wherein Table 2 is the chemical composition of the ceramic powder.

[0092] S2. According to the preset pattern, inkjet print the penetration agent and the penetration ink on the surface of the transparent blank in sequence to form a penetration layer; the formula of the penetration agent is shown in Table 4, and the spraying amount of the penetration agent is 100g / m 2 .

[0093] S3. According to a preset pattern, inkjet print color ink at the position of the raised texture on the surface of the blank to form a pattern layer.

[0094] S3-1. According to the preset pattern, apply positioning glue and mixed dry particles on the groove texture position on the surface of the blank to form a dry particle layer; the gray value of the positioning glue is 90%, and the amount of positioning glue is 150g / m 2 The mixed dry granules are prepared by mixing dry granules A and dry granules B in a mass ratio of 1:1. The particle size of dry granules A ranges from 20 to 40 meshes, and the particle size of dry granules B ranges from 60 to 120 meshes. The raw material composition of dry granules A and dry granules B is shown in Table 7, and the chemical composition is shown in Table 8.

[0095] S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; the protective glaze formula is shown in Table 5, and the amount of glaze applied is 350g / m 2The specific gravity is 1.35 g / mL, and the fineness of the protective glaze after ball milling is controlled at 0.1-0.4% on a 325M sieve. Table 6 shows the chemical composition of the protective glaze.

[0096] S5. Send it into the kiln and heat it from room temperature to 300℃ at a heating rate of 10℃ / min, then heat it from 300℃ to 950℃ at a heating rate of 20℃ / min, then heat it from 950℃ to 1225℃ at a heating rate of 13℃ / min, keep it warm for 10 minutes, and after firing, you will get ceramic tiles with three-dimensional infiltration effect.

[0097] Table 1

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] Table 2

[0101]

[0102] Table 3

[0103]

[0104] Table 4

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Note: The defoaming agent is purchased from Foshan Zhongrunlin Building Materials Technology Co., Ltd.

[0108] Table 5

[0109]

[0110] Table 6

[0111]

[0112] Table 7

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] Table 8

[0116]

[0117] Note: The chemical composition of the above dry granules B does not include colorants.

[0118] Comparative Example 1

[0119] The same preparation method and process parameters as those in Example 3 are used, except that no water-absorbing resin is added to the light-transmitting body.

[0120] Comparative Example 2

[0121] The same preparation method and process parameters as those in Example 3 are used, except that the addition ratio of the ceramic powder and the water-absorbing resin (unit: parts by weight) is adjusted, as shown in the following table:

[0122]

[0123]

[0124] Comparative Example 3

[0125] The same preparation method and process parameters as in Example 3 were used, except that the formula of the penetration enhancer was adjusted as shown in the following table (unit: mass percentage):

[0126] Silica Sol Vinyl acetate emulsion Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether Comparative Example 3-1 65 30 5 Comparative Example 3-2 40 50 10

[0127] Comparative Example 4

[0128] The same preparation method and process parameters as those in Example 3 were used, except that the ceramic powder material used the formula shown in the following table (unit: parts by weight):

[0129] Components Comparative Example 4 Kaolin 21 Polishing mud 3 Talc 12 Stone powder 20 Feldspar powder 15 Bentonite 6 Wollastonite 2

[0130] The chemical composition of the ceramic powder used in Comparative Example 4 is as follows (unit: mass percentage):

[0131] SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 K2O CaO MgO Na2O LOI Comparative Example 4 65.01 21.3 0.95 3.22 0.58 0.93 2.51 5.5

[0132] The various indicators of the three-dimensional infiltration effect ceramic tiles prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were tested. The test results are as follows:

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] It should be noted that in the above table, the penetration depth is obtained by cutting the sample brick into 12 pieces of 200x200mm samples, taking 6 of the samples and measuring the cross-sectional penetration depth with a vernier caliper, and finally taking the average value to obtain the penetration depth; the glossiness is measured by using a photometer to select 12-15 points on the surface of the sample brick for detection, and taking the lowest and highest values ​​of the measured light to obtain the final glossiness range. It is generally believed that the width and narrowness of the light value range are important reference indicators for the rich changes in surface lightness; the linear transmittance of light refers to the light intensity of 1000w / m 2Under the irradiation of parallel light source, the ratio of the light intensity measured by the illuminance meter on the back side of the light source to the light intensity of the light source; the strength of the green body is tested by placing the brick body on a flexure tester, and the strength value is calculated based on the corresponding data (in actual production, it is generally believed that the general dry green body strength ≥2.2Mpa has large-scale production value).

[0136] It can be seen from the test results that the penetration depth of the ceramic tiles infiltrated texture obtained in Examples 1 to 5 is 3.1 to 3.8 mm, the permeability is strong, the formed green body is crack-free, has high strength characteristics, does not affect the quality of subsequent production lines, and has high linear light transmittance, indicating that the ceramic tiles prepared by this scheme have good light transmittance. In Example 1, no dry particles are applied, so the glossiness of the brick surface varies in a narrow range. In Examples 2 to 5, mixed dry particles are applied, and the glossiness forms a wide range of light differences due to the different mixed dry particles, so the surface luminosity varies richly; in addition, in Example 1, no dry particles are applied, and the surface of the ceramic tile does not have the rich visual effects brought by the mixed dry particles after firing. In Examples 2 to 5, mixed dry particles are applied to form Figure 1 The warm and transparent jade texture shown in (Example 3) has richer changes in concave and convex and a stronger three-dimensional effect.

[0137] In the green body of comparative example 1, no water-absorbing resin is added, and the obtained brick green body does not have a good water absorption and penetration effect, so the penetration depth is only 0.8 mm.

[0138] In comparative example 2-1, the amount of water-absorbent resin added is small, and the water absorption and penetration of the obtained bricks are weak, so the penetration depth is only 2.3mm; in comparative example 2-2, the amount of water-absorbent resin added is too much, which accelerates the lateral penetration of the infiltration ink and weakens the longitudinal penetration, so the penetration depth is only 2.1mm.

[0139] Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2 respectively use a penetration enhancer formula of 65% silica sol, 30% vinyl acetate emulsion, 5% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 40% silica sol, 50% vinyl acetate emulsion, 10% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. The penetration effect is worse than the penetration enhancer formula used in this scheme, and the penetration depths are only 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm, respectively.

[0140] In Comparative Example 4, the ceramic powder used in the green body is conventional ceramic powder, and the ceramic tile obtained has poor light transmittance and almost no light transmittance. By using the ceramic powder formula described in the present invention, a green body whiteness of 72 to 80° can be obtained, which has good light transmittance. In addition, the green body thickness of Examples 4 and 5 is 6 mm, and the light transmittance of the obtained ceramic tile is slightly lower than that of Examples 1 to 3, indicating that the light-transmitting green body can better reflect the light transmittance performance by selecting a suitable thickness.

[0141] Compared with the green body strength of 3.0 MPa in Comparative Example 1 when no water-absorbing resin is added, the green body strength of Examples 1 to 5 does not decrease significantly and is even slightly enhanced when the water-absorbing resin is added, indicating that the technical solution adopted by the present invention can greatly increase the penetration depth without affecting the green body strength of the dry green body, and will not cause quality problems and cause a decrease in production capacity.

[0142] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect, characterized in that: The invention comprises a light-transmitting blank, which comprises ceramic powder and water-absorbing resin, wherein the weight ratio of the ceramic powder to the water-absorbing resin is 100:1.5-2.5; the chemical composition of the ceramic powder, measured in mass percentage, comprises: SiO2 63.1-73.3%, Al2O3 17.5-21.4%, K2O 1.9-4.5%, CaO 1.3-3.1%, MgO 0.2-1.5% and loss on ignition 4.3-7.2%.

2. The three-dimensional ceramic tile with infiltration effect as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water-absorbing resin includes one or more of polyacrylic acid salt, starch acrylate polymer, starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer and acrylamide-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid terpolymer.

3. The three-dimensional ceramic tile with infiltration effect as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material components of the ceramic powder include, by weight, 5-10 parts of washed kaolin, 3-6 parts of washed ball clay, 15-20 parts of bentonite, 15-20 parts of quartz, 3-6 parts of wollastonite, 1-3 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of calcium feldspar and 8-15 parts of high-aluminum potassium sand.

4. A method for preparing a three-dimensional ceramic tile with a seepage effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the raw materials in proportion, pressing them into the light-transmitting body, and drying them; S2, according to a preset pattern, inkjet printing a penetration aid and a penetration ink in sequence on the surface of the light-transmitting blank to form a penetration layer; S3, according to a preset pattern, inkjet printing color ink on the surface of the infiltration layer to form a pattern layer; S4, applying protective glaze on the surface of the green body after the above treatment to form a protective glaze layer; S5. After firing, the three-dimensional ceramic tile with infiltration effect is obtained.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The penetration enhancer comprises, by mass percentage, 15-25% ammonium citrate, 50-60% alcohol solvent, 15-35% water and 0.3-0.8% defoamer; the alcohol solvent is a mixture of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, the mass ratio of the ethylene glycol to the propylene glycol is 2:1; the spraying amount of the penetration enhancer is 60-120g / m 2 .

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of applying a dry particle layer is also included between step S3 and step S4, specifically including: S3-1. According to a preset pattern, positioning glue and mixed dry particles are applied on the surface of the pattern layer to form a dry particle layer.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixed dry particles include dry particles A and dry particles B, the mass ratio of the dry particles A to the dry particles B is 1:1; the particle size of the dry particles A is 20-40 meshes, and the particle size of the dry particles B is 60-120 meshes.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The chemical composition of the dry particles A includes, by mass percentage, SiO2 58.2-63.3%, Al2O3 12.3-16.1%, CaO 5.3-7.5%, K2O 3.5-4.5%, ZnO 7.0-10.5% and loss on ignition 3.6-6.9%; The chemical composition of the dry particles B includes, by mass percentage, SiO2 58.9-65.3%, Al2O3 13.5-19.1%, K2O 2.5-4.7%, CaO 5.5-8.5%, Na2O 3.3-5.1% and loss on ignition 3.6-5.9%; The raw material composition of the dry particles A includes, by weight, 12 to 18 parts of quartz, 15 to 21 parts of wollastonite, 3.5 to 5.8 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 to 12 parts of potassium feldspar and 10 to 15 parts of zinc oxide; The raw material composition of the dry particles B includes, by weight, 20 to 26 parts of quartz, 10 to 17 parts of wollastonite, 3.5 to 5.8 parts of calcined kaolin, 11 to 16 parts of limestone, 1.0 to 1.5 parts of aluminum oxide, 10 to 14 parts of potassium feldspar and 12 to 16 parts of sodium feldspar; the dry particles B are further added with 1 to 3 parts of a colorant, which is one or more of copper, iron and cobalt oxides.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that the chemical composition of the protective glaze comprises, by mass percentage: SiO2 46.1-49.3%, Al2O3 13.9-18.7%, K2O 2.5-3.9%, Na2O 2.9-4.2%, ZnO 4.3-6.9%, BaO 7.1-9.5%, MgO 3.2-5.3% and loss on ignition 5.1-7.5%; The raw material composition of the protective glaze includes, by weight, 7-12 parts of potassium feldspar, 8-13 parts of sodium feldspar, 5-9 parts of calcined aluminum oxide, 7-10 parts of calcined kaolin, 10-17 parts of calcined talc, 4-8 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 15-23 parts of barium carbonate and 2-5 parts of quartz.

10. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The firing system in step S5 includes a preheating stage, an oxidation decomposition stage, a high temperature stage, a high-fire insulation stage and a cooling stage; The preheating stage is from room temperature to 300°C, and the heating rate is 5 to 10°C / min; The oxidation decomposition stage is 300-950°C, and the heating rate is 20-30°C / min; The high temperature stage is from 950°C to the maximum firing temperature, the heating rate is 10-15°C / min, and the maximum firing temperature is 1165-1225°C; The high-fire heat preservation stage lasts for 8 to 13 minutes.

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