A kind of environmentally friendly compound fertilizer for resisting stress and promoting growth and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizer processing, and specifically relates to an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer for resisting stress and promoting growth and a preparation method thereof, wherein the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials by weight: 350-400 parts of 33-0-2 nitrophosphate, 70-90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 400-450 parts of potassium sulfate, 35-40 parts of potassium chloride, 20-25 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 20-25 parts of sodium sulfate, 2-5 parts of composite natural extract, 3-3.5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of borax, and 10-20 parts of anti-caking agent. The present invention significantly improves the biological effectiveness of phosphorus and potassium in fertilizers through staged fermentation and high-pressure homogenization technology, cooperates with the fast-acting supply of nitrate nitrogen, strengthens crop resistance, especially adapts to the humid climate in the south, resists water stress and pest infestation, natural extracts and polyglutamic acid are added, microbial fermentation is coordinated, root vitality is optimized, and efficient absorption of nutrients is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of compound fertilizer processing, and in particular relates to an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer capable of resisting stress and promoting growth and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern agriculture, the application of chemical fertilizers has greatly improved the yield and quality of crops, but it has also brought about environmental problems and soil degradation. Although traditional nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) compound fertilizers can provide the main nutrients required for crop growth, in some cases, their low utilization rate, environmental pollution and soil acidification are becoming increasingly prominent. Nitrogen-sulfur-based compound fertilizers are high-quality, efficient, green and environmentally friendly new compound fertilizers. Compared with traditional compound fertilizers, most of them are high-nitrogen-sulfur-based compound fertilizers. Nitrogen-sulfur-based compound fertilizers are compound fertilizers composed of multiple nutrient elements such as potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. They are currently widely used in the market. The main characteristics of nitrate-sulfur-based compound fertilizers are: high efficiency, comprehensiveness, balance, etc. It can provide a variety of nutrient elements required by plants, and the content ratio of these elements is reasonable, which can fully meet the needs of plant growth. However, the problems of easy volatilization causing environmental pollution and relatively high prices plague the development of the nitrate-sulfur-based compound fertilizer market.

[0003] In addition, the agricultural environment in the south is unique, with high temperatures and heavy rainfall, highly acidic soil, and rich organic matter, which puts special requirements on the selection and use of fertilizers. Although the nitrosulfur-based compound fertilizers currently on the market have solved the problems of crop nutrient requirements and soil improvement to a certain extent, they still have obvious limitations in dealing with the characteristics of southern crops and environmental conditions: traditional nitrosulfur-based compound fertilizers have poor solubility and are prone to nutrient loss in the rainy environment of the south, reducing the effective utilization rate of fertilizers; in the face of frequent high temperatures, humidity, heat, and pest and disease pressures in the south, improving crop resistance has become a key requirement, and existing fertilizer formulas are often difficult to fully meet this requirement. Therefore, based on the above problems, it is extremely necessary to develop an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that can effectively adapt to the southern crop environment and effectively resist stress and promote growth. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] The technical effect described in the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer for resisting stress and promoting growth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of nitrophosphate, 70-90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 400-450 parts of potassium sulfate, 35-40 parts of potassium chloride, 20-25 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 20-25 parts of sodium sulfate, 2-5 parts of composite natural extract, 3-3.5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of borax, and 10-20 parts of anti-caking agent.

[0006] Preferably, the nitrophosphorus composition is 33-0-2, which contains 33% nitrate nitrogen.

[0007] Preferably, the anti-caking agent is prepared by mixing polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and corn oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0008] A1: Add polyvinyl alcohol slowly and continuously into deionized water, heat in a water bath to control the temperature at 90-95°C, stir at 300-500 rpm for 1-2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 10 wt%; melt polylactic acid at 180-200°C, then slowly add it into the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and use 200W ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;

[0009] A2: Slowly add corn oil to the mixed solution prepared in step A1, add 0.06 g of lecithin at the same time, stir at 500 rpm for emulsification reaction for 15 to 20 minutes to obtain an emulsion; add 0.5 wt % of vitamin E and 0.1 wt % of thyme oil to the emulsion, continue stirring for 30 minutes, and mix well to obtain a mixture;

[0010] A3: Dry the mixture prepared in step A2 in an oven at 40-50° C. for 24 h, then grind and sieve through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anti-caking agent.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the polylactic acid in step A1 is 1:0.4-0.5.

[0012] Preferably, in step A2, the ratio of corn oil to polylactic acid is 1.5-2 mL:1 g; and the ratio of corn oil to lecithin is 1 mL:0.01-0.02 g.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation steps of the composite natural extract are as follows:

[0014] B1: dissolving betaine powder into 20 times the mass volume of deionized water, stirring until completely dissolved, adjusting the pH to neutral with NaOH solution and HCL solution to obtain a betaine solution; mixing tea tree essential oil and lecithin, and stirring at a speed of 1500-2000 rpm to form an emulsion;

[0015] B2: Slowly add the emulsion prepared in step B1 to the betaine solution, stir and mix evenly, then add diatomaceous earth, stir at a speed of 300-500 rpm for 15-30 minutes, centrifuge, filter, and freeze-dry to obtain a composite natural extract.

[0016] Preferably, the ratio of the amount of betaine powder, tea tree essential oil and lecithin used in step B1 is 2-3 g:0.3 mL:0.015-0.02 g.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the diatomaceous earth to the betaine powder in step B2 is 1:2-3.

[0018] Preferably, another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth, and the specific preparation steps are as follows:

[0019] S1: adding monoammonium phosphate and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate to distilled water, inoculating phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, setting the fermentation parameters of temperature at 30°C and pH at 7, stirring every 3 days, and fermenting for 7 to 10 days. After the fermentation is completed, adding the composite natural extract and polyglutamic acid for the second fermentation. The fermentation parameters are the same as the first fermentation, and the fermentation time is set to 3 days. After the fermentation is completed, the particles are refined using a high-pressure homogenization technology to obtain a fermentation product;

[0020] S2: mixing the fermentation product prepared in step S1 with potassium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, an anti-caking agent and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate, then adding 15% by weight of distilled water based on the weight of the substrate, and performing wet granulation using a disc granulator to form preliminary fertilizer granules; mixing nitrophosphorus with 60% by weight of potassium sulfate, and performing dry granulation to obtain hard fertilizer granules;

[0021] S3: The preliminary fertilizer granules and the hard fertilizer granules formed in step S2 are mixed, and secondary granulation is performed using a roller granulator, followed by drying at 90-100° C. for 2-4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and screening through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer.

[0022] Preferably, the amount of distilled water in step S1 is 50% of the weight of the substrate, the amounts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria are the same, and the total amount is 5% of the amount of distilled water; the parameters of the high-pressure homogenization technology are set to 1000-2000 bar, the cycle treatment is 3-5 times, and the flow rate is 0.5-1 L / min.

[0023] Preferably, the wet granulation parameters in step S2 are an inclination angle of 45 to 55°, a rotation speed of 20 to 35 rpm, and a particle diameter of 1 to 2 mm; the dry granulation parameters are a roller pressure of 30 to 50 MPa, a roller gap of 0.5 to 2 mm, and a rotation speed of 1000 to 1500 rpm.

[0024] Preferably, the secondary granulation parameters in step S3 are pressure 10-15 MPa, shaped particles 0.5-2 mm, and rotation speed 60-100 rpm.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] The present invention utilizes polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid and corn oil to exert a synergistic effect, and utilizes the film-forming property and hydrophilicity of polyvinyl alcohol to transform into a hydrophobic barrier, which effectively resists external moisture; the gas barrier property and inherent hydrophobicity of polylactic acid enhance the overall moisture-proof performance; corn oil, as a natural hydrophobic layer, forms a hydrophobic protective film on the surface of the composite to further reduce water absorption and consolidate the moisture-proof effect. The biodegradability of polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid, coupled with the natural degradable properties of corn oil, can ensure that the composite can be naturally decomposed after use; polyvinyl alcohol gives the composite excellent flexibility and film-forming property, polylactic acid improves its rigidity and structural stability, and corn oil acts as a plasticizer to enhance the flexibility and impact resistance of the composite. Under the high humidity conditions in the south, through a unique multi-layer protection mechanism, the product agglomeration caused by moisture penetration is effectively avoided, while having excellent biodegradability and environmental friendliness.

[0027] The present invention improves the bioavailability of phosphorus and potassium in fertilizers through staged fermentation technology, and promotes the release of microbial metabolites through high-pressure homogenization technology, so that the compound fertilizer can provide crops with necessary nutrients more efficiently. The addition of composite natural extracts and polyglutamic acid, as well as the synergistic effect of microbial fermentation, enhance the stress resistance of crops, making their growth more robust in the humid environment of the south, and able to resist the influence of water stress, pests and diseases, and other adversities. The granulation technology combining wet and dry methods not only ensures the biological activity of the fertilizer, but also improves the physical properties of the fertilizer, such as the hardness and stability of the particles, so that the compound fertilizer is not easy to decompose in a humid environment, maintains long-term release characteristics, reduces nutrient loss, and improves nutrient utilization.

[0028] The stress-resistant and growth-promoting compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention is characterized by nitrate nitrogen, and belongs to a nitric-sulfur-based compound fertilizer. Nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - ) can be immediately absorbed by plant roots without the need for microbial conversion. Nitrogen-sulfur compound fertilizers can coordinate soil nutrient supply, improve crop growth environment, increase root vitality, and promote root development. Strong roots not only help plants absorb nutrients better, but also enhance their drought and disease resistance. In addition, potassium, magnesium, zinc, boron and other elements work together to improve the adaptability of crops to adverse environmental conditions; polyglutamic acid and other biostimulants work synergistically with nutrients to promote healthy crop growth and improve fruit quality and yield; through fine formula design and the use of biostimulants, the absorption and utilization efficiency of fertilizers can be maximized, and nutrient loss and environmental pollution can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a graph showing the chlorophyll content of garlic when the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2 of the present invention and Comparative Example 1 is applied;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a moisture resistance test chart of the compound fertilizer containing the anti-caking agent prepared in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials involved in the present invention are purchased through conventional commercial channels.

[0033] Example 1: An environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that is resistant to stress and promotes growth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nitrophosphate, 70 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 400 parts of potassium sulfate, 35 parts of potassium chloride, 20 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 20 parts of sodium sulfate, 2 parts of composite natural extract, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 1 part of borax, and 10 parts of anti-caking agent.

[0034] 1. Preparation of anti-caking agent:

[0035] A1: Polyvinyl alcohol was added slowly and continuously into deionized water, heated in a water bath to control the temperature at 90°C, and stirred at 300 rpm for 2 hours to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 10 wt%; 4 g of polylactic acid was melted at 180°C, and then slowly added into 100 mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically treated at 200 W for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;

[0036] A2: 6 mL of corn oil was slowly added to 100 mL of the mixed solution prepared in step A1, and 0.06 g of lecithin was added at the same time, and the mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 15 min to obtain an emulsion; 0.5 g of vitamin E and 0.1 g of thyme oil were added to the emulsion, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. After the mixture was evenly mixed, a mixture was obtained;

[0037] A3: The mixture prepared in step A2 was dried in an oven at 40° C. for 24 h, and then ground and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anti-caking agent.

[0038] 2. Preparation of compound natural extracts:

[0039] B1: Dissolve 20 g of betaine powder in 400 mL of deionized water, stir until completely dissolved, and adjust the pH to neutral using NaOH solution and HCL solution to obtain a betaine solution; mix 3 mL of tea tree essential oil and 0.15 g of lecithin, and stir at 1500 rpm to form an emulsion;

[0040] B2: Slowly add the emulsion prepared in step B1 to the betaine solution, stir and mix evenly, then add 10 g of diatomaceous earth, stir at 300 rpm for 30 min, centrifuge, filter, and freeze-dry to obtain a composite natural extract.

[0041] 3. Preparation of environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth:

[0042] S1: adding monoammonium phosphate and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate to 50% by weight of the substrate in distilled water, inoculating 5% of the distilled water with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, setting the fermentation parameters to 30°C, pH 7, stirring every 3 days, fermenting for 7 days, adding the composite natural extract and polyglutamic acid for the second fermentation after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation parameters are the same as the first fermentation, the fermentation time is set to 3 days, after the fermentation is completed, the particles are refined using high-pressure homogenization technology, the parameters are set to 1000 bar, the cycle is processed 3 times, and the flow rate is 0.5 L / min to obtain the fermentation product;

[0043] S2: The fermentation product prepared in step S1 is mixed with potassium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, an anti-caking agent and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate, and then 15% by weight of distilled water is added, and wet granulation is performed using a disc granulator, and the parameters are set as an inclination angle of 45°, a rotation speed of 20 rpm, and a particle diameter of 2 mm to form preliminary fertilizer particles; nitrophosphorus is mixed with 60% by weight of potassium sulfate, and dry granulation is performed, and the parameters are set as a roller pressure of 30 MPa, a roller gap of 0.5 mm, and a rotation speed of 1000 rpm to obtain hard fertilizer particles;

[0044] S3: The preliminary fertilizer granules and hard fertilizer granules formed in step S2 are mixed, and secondary granulation is performed using a roller granulator with the parameters set to a pressure of 10 MPa, a formed granule of 2 mm, and a rotation speed of 60 rpm. The mixture is then dried at 90°C for 4 h, cooled to room temperature, and screened through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer.

[0045] Example 2: An environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that is resistant to stress and promotes growth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 390 parts of nitrophosphate, 80 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 440 parts of potassium sulfate, 38 parts of potassium chloride, 23 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 24 parts of sodium sulphate, 4 parts of a composite natural extract, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1.5 parts of borax, and 18 parts of an anti-caking agent.

[0046] 1. Preparation of anti-caking agent:

[0047] A1: Polyvinyl alcohol was added slowly and continuously into deionized water, heated in a water bath to control the temperature at 93°C, and stirred at 450 rpm for 1.5 h to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 10 wt%; 4.7 g of polylactic acid was melted at 200°C, and then slowly added into 100 mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically treated at 200 W for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0048] A2: 9 mL of corn oil was slowly added to the mixed solution prepared in step A1, and 0.18 g of lecithin was added at the same time, and the mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 18 min to obtain an emulsion; 0.5 g of vitamin E and 0.1 g of thyme oil were added to the emulsion, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. After mixing evenly, a mixture was obtained;

[0049] A3: The mixture prepared in step A2 was dried in an oven at 48° C. for 24 h, and then ground and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anti-caking agent.

[0050] 2. Preparation of compound natural extracts:

[0051] B1: Dissolve 28 g of betaine powder in 560 mL of deionized water, stir until completely dissolved, and adjust the pH to neutral using NaOH solution and HCL solution to obtain a betaine solution; mix 3 mL of tea tree essential oil and 0.18 g of lecithin, and stir at 1800 rpm to form an emulsion;

[0052] B2: Slowly add the emulsion prepared in step B1 to the betaine solution, stir and mix evenly, then add 10 g of diatomaceous earth, stir at a speed of 450 rpm for 25 min, centrifuge, filter, and freeze-dry to obtain a composite natural extract.

[0053] 3. Preparation of environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth:

[0054] S1: adding monoammonium phosphate and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate to 50% by weight of the substrate in distilled water, inoculating 5% of the distilled water with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, setting the fermentation parameters to 30°C, pH 7, stirring every 3 days, fermenting for 10 days, and adding the composite natural extract and polyglutamic acid for the second fermentation after the fermentation is completed. The fermentation parameters are the same as those of the first fermentation, and the fermentation time is set to 3 days. After the fermentation is completed, the particles are refined using a high-pressure homogenization technology, the parameters are set to 1800 bar, the cycle is processed 5 times, and the flow rate is 1 L / min to obtain the fermentation product;

[0055] S2: the fermentation product prepared in step S1 is mixed with potassium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, an anti-caking agent and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate, and then 15% by weight of distilled water is added, and wet granulation is performed using a disc granulator, and the parameters are set to an inclination angle of 50°, a rotation speed of 300 rpm, and a particle diameter of 1 mm to form preliminary fertilizer particles; nitrophosphorus is mixed with 60% by weight of potassium sulfate, and dry granulation is performed, and the parameters are set to a roller pressure of 40 MPa, a roller gap of 1 mm, and a rotation speed of 1400 rpm to obtain hard fertilizer particles;

[0056] S3: The preliminary fertilizer granules and hard fertilizer granules formed in step S2 are mixed, and secondary granulation is performed using a roller granulator with the parameters set to a pressure of 14 MPa, a formed granule of 1 mm, and a rotation speed of 90 rpm. The mixture is then dried at 100° C. for 3 h, cooled to room temperature, and screened through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer.

[0057] Example 3: An environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that is resistant to stress and promotes growth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 380 parts of nitrophosphate, 80 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 420 parts of potassium sulfate, 36 parts of potassium chloride, 24 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 22 parts of sodium sulphate, 3 parts of compound natural extracts, 3 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1 part of zinc sulfate, 1.5 parts of borax, and 15 parts of anti-caking agent.

[0058] 1. Preparation of anti-caking agent:

[0059] A1: Polyvinyl alcohol was added slowly and continuously into deionized water, heated in a water bath to control the temperature at 92°C, and stirred at 400 rpm for 1.5 h to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 10 wt%; 4.5 g of polylactic acid was melted at 190°C, and then slowly added into 100 mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically treated at 200 W for 10 min to obtain a mixed solution;

[0060] A2: 8 mL of corn oil was slowly added to the mixed solution prepared in step A1, and 0.12 g of lecithin was added at the same time, and the mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 18 min to obtain an emulsion; 0.5 g of vitamin E and 0.1 g of thyme oil were added to the emulsion, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. After mixing evenly, a mixture was obtained;

[0061] A3: The mixture prepared in step A2 was dried in an oven at 45° C. for 24 h, and then ground and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anti-caking agent.

[0062] 2. Preparation of compound natural extracts:

[0063] B1: Dissolve 25 g of betaine powder in 500 mL of deionized water, stir until completely dissolved, and adjust the pH to neutral using NaOH solution and HCL solution to obtain a betaine solution; mix 3 mL of tea tree essential oil and 0.16 g of lecithin, and stir at 1600 rpm to form an emulsion;

[0064] B2: Slowly add the emulsion prepared in step B1 to the betaine solution, stir and mix evenly, then add 10 g of diatomaceous earth, stir at a speed of 400 rpm for 20 min, centrifuge, filter, and freeze-dry to obtain a composite natural extract.

[0065] 3. Preparation of environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth:

[0066] S1: adding monoammonium phosphate and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate to 50% by weight of the substrate in distilled water, inoculating 5% of the distilled water with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, setting the fermentation parameters to 30°C, pH 7, stirring every 3 days, fermenting for 9 days, adding the composite natural extract and polyglutamic acid for the second fermentation after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation parameters are the same as the first fermentation, the fermentation time is set to 3 days, after the fermentation is completed, using high-pressure homogenization technology to refine the particles, the parameters are set to 1500 bar, the cycle treatment is 4 times, the flow rate is 0.8 L / min, and the fermentation product is obtained;

[0067] S2: The fermentation product prepared in step S1 is mixed with potassium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, an anti-caking agent and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate, and then 15% by weight of distilled water is added, and wet granulation is performed using a disc granulator, and the parameters are set as an inclination angle of 50°, a rotation speed of 25 rpm, and a particle diameter of 1.5 mm to form preliminary fertilizer particles; nitrophosphorus is mixed with 60% by weight of potassium sulfate, and dry granulation is performed, and the parameters are set as a roller pressure of 40 MPa, a roller gap of 1.5 mm, and a rotation speed of 1200 rpm to obtain hard fertilizer particles;

[0068] S3: The preliminary fertilizer granules and hard fertilizer granules formed in step S2 are mixed, and secondary granulation is performed using a roller granulator with the parameters set at a pressure of 12 MPa, a formed granule of 1.5 mm, and a rotation speed of 80 rpm. The mixture is then dried at 95°C for 3 h, cooled to room temperature, and screened through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer.

[0069] Example 4: An environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that is resistant to stress and promotes growth, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of nitrophosphate, 90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 450 parts of potassium sulfate, 40 parts of potassium chloride, 25 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 25 parts of sodium sulphate, 5 parts of a composite natural extract, 3.5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of borax, and 20 parts of an anti-caking agent.

[0070] 1. Preparation of anti-caking agent:

[0071] A1: Polyvinyl alcohol was added slowly and continuously into deionized water, heated in a water bath to control the temperature at 95°C, and stirred at 500 rpm for 1 hour to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 10 wt%; 5 g of polylactic acid was melted at 200°C, and then slowly added into 100 mL of the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically treated at 200 W for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed solution;

[0072] A2: 10 mL of corn oil was slowly added to the mixed solution prepared in step A1, and 0.2 g of lecithin was added at the same time, and the mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 20 min to obtain an emulsion; 0.5 g of vitamin E and 0.1 g of thyme oil were added to the emulsion, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. After mixing evenly, a mixture was obtained;

[0073] A3: The mixture prepared in step A2 was dried in an oven at 50° C. for 24 h, and then ground and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anti-caking agent.

[0074] 2. Preparation of compound natural extracts:

[0075] B1: Dissolve 30 g of betaine powder in 600 mL of deionized water, stir until completely dissolved, and adjust the pH to neutral using NaOH solution and HCL solution to obtain a betaine solution; mix 3 mL of tea tree essential oil and 0.2 g of lecithin, and stir at 2000 rpm to form an emulsion;

[0076] B2: Slowly add the emulsion prepared in step B1 to the betaine solution, stir and mix evenly, then add 10 g of diatomaceous earth, stir at a speed of 500 rpm for 15 min, centrifuge, filter, and freeze-dry to obtain a composite natural extract.

[0077] 3. Preparation of environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth:

[0078] S1: adding monoammonium phosphate and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate to 50% by weight of the substrate in distilled water, inoculating 5% of the distilled water with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, setting the fermentation parameters to 30°C, pH 7, stirring every 3 days, fermenting for 10 days, adding the composite natural extract and polyglutamic acid for the second fermentation after the fermentation is completed, the fermentation parameters are the same as the first fermentation, the fermentation time is set to 3 days, after the fermentation is completed, the particles are refined using high-pressure homogenization technology, the parameters are set to 2000 bar, the cycle is processed 5 times, the flow rate is 1L / min, and the fermentation product is obtained;

[0079] S2: The fermentation product prepared in step S1 is mixed with potassium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, an anti-caking agent and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate, and then 15% by weight of distilled water is added, and wet granulation is performed using a disc granulator, and the parameters are set as an inclination angle of 55°, a rotation speed of 35 rpm, and a particle diameter of 1 mm to form preliminary fertilizer particles; nitrophosphorus is mixed with 60% by weight of potassium sulfate, and dry granulation is performed, and the parameters are set as a roller pressure of 50 MPa, a roller gap of 0.5 mm, and a rotation speed of 1500 rpm to obtain hard fertilizer particles;

[0080] S3: The preliminary fertilizer granules and hard fertilizer granules formed in step S2 are mixed, and secondary granulation is performed using a roller granulator with the parameters set to a pressure of 15 MPa, a formed granule of 0.5 mm, and a rotation speed of 100 rpm. The mixture is then dried at 100° C. for 2 h, cooled to room temperature, and screened through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer.

[0081] Comparative Example 1: The operation of Comparative Example 1 is basically the same as that of Example 2, except that Comparative Example 1 lacks the composite natural extract.

[0082] Performance Test:

[0083] Planting experiment: Experimental location: The experimental demonstration field is located in Group 7, Donglin Village, Sudeyuan Street, Pidu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, the main garlic production area (Hanqiao East Team);

[0084] Soil type: two-combination soil, soil organic matter 14.2g / kg, total nitrogen 1.4mg / kg, available phosphorus 39.6mg / kg, available potassium 120.8mg / kg, pH 7.4;

[0085] Test crops: Pidu garlic;

[0086] Experimental treatment: Treatment 1: Apply the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2 to an area of ​​40m 2 (0.06 mu), the fertilizer amount per area is 3.9 kg (equivalent to 65 kg / mu), and the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer once before garlic sowing, and then the land is ploughed and prepared;

[0087] Treatment 2: Apply the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 1 with the same amount of nutrients as in Treatment 1, with an application area of ​​40m 2 , the fertilizer amount per area is 3.9kg, equivalent to 65kg / mu, with the same fertilization period and method;

[0088] Treatment 3: Application of 15-15-15 sulfur-based compound fertilizer (without nitrate nitrogen) that local farmers are accustomed to using, with an application area of ​​40m 2 , the amount of fertilizer used per area is 4.5kg (equivalent to 75kg / mu), and the fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer once before garlic sowing, and then the land is ploughed and prepared;

[0089] It should be noted that: since the nutrient content of the 15-15-15 compound fertilizer was lower than that of the compound fertilizer prepared in this study, the fertilizer dosage of treatment 3 was adjusted accordingly to be close to the total nutrient input of treatments 1 and 2, in order to control the difference in nutrient input and make the comparative analysis more focused on the impact of the fertilizer formulation itself;

[0090] Each treatment area was repeated three times, and the areas were randomly arranged. The total amount and ratio of fertilizer nutrients in each fertilization area were kept consistent, and the topdressing in each treatment was consistent. Other farming operations were the same (the arrangement diagram of the field experiment is shown in Table 1);

[0091] Table 1. Field trial arrangement.

[0092]

[0093] The demonstration has two treatments without repetition, that is, the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2 is compared with the 15-15-15 compound fertilizer that farmers usually apply:

[0094] Demonstration treatment 1: Application of the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2, application area 3333m 2 (5 mu), 325 kg fertilizer per area (equivalent to 65 kg / mu), fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer once before garlic sowing, and then tilled and prepared;

[0095] Demonstration treatment 2: application of 15-15-15 sulfur-based compound fertilizer, which is used by local farmers, on an area of ​​3333m 2 (5 mu), 375 kg fertilizer per area (equivalent to 75 kg / mu), fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer once before garlic sowing, and then tilled and prepared;

[0096] Table 2. Leaf number test results one month after planting.

[0097]

[0098] Table 3. Leaf number test results two months after planting.

[0099]

[0100] Table 4. Yield structure and output value of different treatments in compound fertilizer efficiency test of treatment groups 1-3.

[0101]

[0102] Table 5. Yield structure and output value of different treatments in the demonstration treatment group.

[0103]

[0104] Table 6. Comparison of garlic yield-increasing effects and benefits of different treatments in the treatment group and demonstration treatment group.

[0105]

[0106] It should be noted that the price of garlic is 6 yuan / kg, the compound fertilizer prepared in Example 2 is calculated at 4.43 yuan / kg, the compound fertilizer prepared in Comparative Example 1 is calculated at 4.21 yuan / kg, and the 15-15-15 compound fertilizer is calculated at 3.5 yuan / kg; the output-input ratio calculation formula is: output-input ratio = per mu value-added: (the price of compound fertilizer used in the treatment group - the price of compound fertilizer used in the control group).

[0107] It can be seen from the results of Table 2 and Table 3 that the compound fertilizer prepared by the reasonable ratio of the present invention can significantly promote the growth of garlic, and the effect is significantly improved compared with the conventional 15-15-15 compound fertilizer; it can be seen from the results of treatment group 1 and treatment group 2 that the lack of the composite natural extract has an impact on the growth of garlic leaves to a certain extent.

[0108] It can be seen from the results in Table 4 that the application of the compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention increases the yield by 190.6 kg per mu, and the yield-increasing effect is significant. The economic benefit is also significantly improved compared with the ordinary fertilization 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. It can be seen from the results in Table 5 that the compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention can also play a significant yield-increasing effect in large-scale planting.

[0109] It can be seen from the results in Table 6 that, compared with conventional chemical fertilizers, the compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention has an extremely high output-input ratio and can be effectively used in large-scale planting.

[0110] Chlorophyll content determination: On the 7th day, 14th day, 28th day, and 42th day, leaves of the same size and growth stage were collected from the garlic plants in the above test (treatment groups 1, 2, and 3), and the collected leaves were cut into small pieces. 1 g of leaf sample was weighed and put into a grinder. 10 mL of 80 wt% acetone was added and fully ground, and then centrifuged. The supernatant was taken and the absorbance of the extract was measured at specific wavelengths (645 nm and 663 nm) using a spectrophotometer, which corresponded to the absorption peaks of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, respectively. Chlorophyll a (mg / g) = (12.7 × A663 -2.69×A 645 )×V / (1000×W); Chlorophyll b(mg / g)=(22.9×A 645 -4.68×A 663 )×V / (1000×W); total chlorophyll = chlorophyll a + chlorophyll b; A663 and A645 are the absorbance values ​​at 663nm and 645nm wavelengths, V is the extraction volume, W is the fresh weight of the leaf sample, and the results are as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0111] Depend on Figure 1 The results show that the compound fertilizer prepared by the present invention can effectively increase the chlorophyll content during the growth of garlic, effectively improve the stress resistance of the plant, and the compound fertilizer can be effectively utilized.

[0112] Moisture resistance test: 500g of the prepared compound fertilizer sample prepared in Examples 1 to 4 was carefully poured into the drum of the tester, and the drum speed was set to 25rpm and the rotation time was 30min. After the test was completed, the sample was taken out of the drum and immediately sieved using a standard sieve (aperture 1mm); the adhesion was calculated, and the weight of the fertilizer that passed through the sieve hole and that that did not pass through the sieve hole was weighed. The mass fraction ratio of the adhesion = (weight of the fertilizer that passed through the sieve hole / original sample weight) × 100%. The results are as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0113] Depend on Figure 2 The results show that the anti-caking agent prepared by the present invention can effectively maintain the fluidity of the particles when added to the fertilizer, and the anti-caking agent has good moisture resistance.

[0114] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly compound fertilizer that resists stress and promotes growth, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of nitrophosphate, 70-90 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 400-450 parts of potassium sulfate, 35-40 parts of potassium chloride, 20-25 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, 20-25 parts of sodium sulfate, 2-5 parts of compound natural extract, 3-3.5 parts of polyglutamic acid, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of borax, and 10-20 parts of anti-caking agent; The anti-caking agent is prepared by mixing polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and corn oil, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: A1: slowly add polyvinyl alcohol to deionized water, heat in a water bath and stir to dissolve, to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; melt polylactic acid at 180-200°C, then slowly add it to the polyvinyl alcohol solution, and perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a mixed solution; A2: Slowly add corn oil to the mixed solution prepared in step A1, and add lecithin at the same time, stir to obtain an emulsion; add vitamin E and thyme oil to the emulsion, stir, and mix well to obtain a mixture; A3: drying the mixture prepared in step A2, and then grinding and screening through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an anti-caking agent; The ratio of the amount of polyvinyl alcohol to polylactic acid in step A1 is 1:0.4-0.5; The ratio of corn oil to polylactic acid in step A2 is 1.5 to 2:1; The preparation steps of the composite natural extract are as follows: B1: dissolving betaine powder in deionized water, stirring until completely dissolved, adjusting the pH to neutral with NaOH solution and HCL solution to obtain a betaine solution; mixing tea tree essential oil and lecithin, stirring to form an emulsion; B2: slowly adding the emulsion prepared in step B1 to the betaine solution, stirring and mixing evenly, then adding diatomaceous earth, stirring, centrifuging, filtering, and freeze-drying to obtain a composite natural extract; The ratio of betaine powder, tea tree essential oil and lecithin used in step B1 is 2-3 g:0.3 mL:0.015-0.02 g; The mass ratio of diatomaceous earth to betaine powder in step B2 is 1:2-3; The preparation steps of the stress-resistant and growth-promoting environmentally friendly compound fertilizer are as follows: S1: adding monoammonium phosphate and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate to distilled water, inoculating phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, setting the fermentation parameters of temperature at 30°C and pH at 7, stirring every 3 days, and fermenting for 7 to 10 days. After the fermentation is completed, adding the composite natural extract and polyglutamic acid for the second fermentation. The fermentation parameters are the same as the first fermentation, and the fermentation time is set to 3 days. After the fermentation is completed, the particles are refined using a high-pressure homogenization technology to obtain a fermentation product; S2: Mix the fermentation product prepared in step S1 with potassium chloride, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, an anti-caking agent and 20% by weight of potassium sulfate, then add 15% by weight of distilled water based on the weight of the substrate, and use a disc granulator to perform wet granulation to form preliminary fertilizer granules; mix 33-0-2 nitrophosphate with 60% by weight of potassium sulfate, and perform dry granulation to obtain hard fertilizer granules; S3: mixing the preliminary fertilizer granules and the hard fertilizer granules formed in step S2, performing secondary granulation using a roller granulator, and then drying at 90-100° C. for 2-4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and screening through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an environmentally friendly compound fertilizer; The amount of distilled water in step S1 is 50% of the weight of the substrate, the amount of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria is the same, and the total amount is 5% of the amount of distilled water; the parameters of the high-pressure homogenization technology are set to 1000-2000 bar, the circulation treatment is 3-5 times, and the flow rate is 0.5-1 L / min; The wet granulation parameters in step S2 are an inclination angle of 45-55°, a rotation speed of 20-35 rpm, and a particle diameter of 1-2 mm; the dry granulation parameters are a roller pressure of 30-50 MPa, a roller gap of 0.5-2 mm, and a rotation speed of 1000-1500 rpm; The secondary granulation parameters in step S3 are pressure 10-15 MPa, shaped particles 0.5-2 mm, and rotation speed 60-100 rpm.

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