One-time blasting forming method for cutting groove

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting groove one-time blasting forming method, and relates to the technical field of mining. The cutting groove one-time blasting forming method comprises the steps that a downward sublevel open-stoping subsequent filling mining method is adopted for stoping a mine body; after ore removal of the upper section stope is completed, a waste rock layer is laid at the position, corresponding to the cutting roadway of the lower section stope, of the hanging wall of the ore body, and then the upper section stope is filled; a rock drilling roadway of the lower subsection stope is excavated, and the peripheral contour of a cutting groove is excavated in a hanging wall ore body of the rock drilling roadway; and taking the cutting groove as a blasting free surface and a supplementary space, and performing one-time blasting forming on the cutting groove by utilizing a blasting weak surface formed by the barren rock layer. According to the cutting groove one-time blasting forming method, the construction difficulty of the cutting groove can be reduced, and the forming efficiency of the cutting groove is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a method for forming a cutting groove by one-step blasting. Background Art

[0002] The downward segmented open-pit subsequent filling mining method is a type of open-pit subsequent filling mining method. When mining in a mine room, lateral blasting is generally used to collapse the ore, but the lateral ore collapse in the mining area requires the formation of a vertical blasting compensation space in advance, that is, the formation of a cutting groove.

[0003] The cutting groove forming method in the related art is difficult to construct and has low efficiency in cutting groove forming. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a one-time blasting forming method for cutting grooves, aiming to solve one of the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a cutting groove forming method, comprising:

[0007] The ore body is mined by using downward segmented open pit and subsequent filling mining method;

[0008] After the upper sub-level stope is mined, a waste rock layer is laid at the cutting groove of the lower sub-level stope in the upper wall of the ore body, and then the upper sub-level stope is filled;

[0009] Excavate the rock drilling tunnel of the lower sub-level stope and excavate the cutting tunnel in the ore body above the rock drilling tunnel;

[0010] The cutting lane is used as the blasting free surface and supplementary space, and the blasting weak surface formed by the waste rock layer in the upper sub-level stope is utilized to form the cutting groove by blasting once.

[0011] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the height of the segmented stope ranges from 10m to 12m, and the stope span ranges from 6m to 10m.

[0012] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the height of the waste rock layer is 1m to 3m, the width of the cutting groove is D1, and the width of the waste rock layer is D2, satisfying: -1m≤D2-D1≤1m.

[0013] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the blasthole parameters and arrangement include:

[0014] The parallel blasting method is adopted to drill blast holes in sequence along the length direction of the cutting groove. In the length direction of the cutting groove, the row spacing of the blast holes is 0.9 to 1m, and the reserved distance between the blast holes and the long side of the cutting groove is 0.1 to 0.3m.

[0015] The blast holes are drilled in sequence along the width direction of the cutting groove. In the width direction of the cutting groove, the row spacing of the blast holes is 0.9 to 1 m, and the reserved distance between the blast holes and the long side of the cutting groove is 0.1 to 0.3 m.

[0016] In one embodiment of the first aspect, the blasthole arrangement further comprises:

[0017] The cutting groove has a center line along the length direction, a center blast hole is drilled at 1 / 4 of the center line, 4 first blast holes are drilled around it at 0.2m from the center blast hole, 4 second blast holes are drilled around it at 0.28m from the center blast hole, and 4 third blast holes are drilled around it at 0.5m from the center blast hole, wherein the first blast hole and the third blast hole fall on the center line.

[0018] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the first blast hole and the third blast hole are empty holes, and the central blast hole and the second blast hole are charge holes.

[0019] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the depth of the blasthole is the same as the depth of the cutting groove, and the distance from the bottom of the hole is 0.5m to 0.6m.

[0020] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the blast hole is circular as a whole, the diameter of the charge hole is 62 mm to 68 mm, and the diameter of the empty hole is 70 mm to 90 mm.

[0021] In an embodiment of the first aspect, the method further comprises using rock emulsion explosives having a diameter of 55 mm and a length of 300 mm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application proposes a cutting groove forming method, including the use of a downward segmented empty field and subsequent filling mining method to recover the ore body; after the upper segmented stope is mined, a waste rock layer is laid at the cutting tunnel corresponding to the lower segmented stope on the upper plate of the ore body, and then the upper segmented stope is filled; a rock drilling tunnel of the lower segmented stope is excavated, and the outer contour of the cutting groove is excavated in the ore body on the upper plate of the rock drilling tunnel; the cutting groove is used as a blasting free surface and supplementary space, and the blasting weak surface formed by the waste rock layer is used to blast the cutting groove once. By laying a layer of waste rock layer at the cutting groove on the upper plate of the ore body and corresponding to the lower segmented stope, the waste rock layer can be used as the free surface for blasting the cutting groove of the lower segmented stope, so that the cutting groove blasting has dual blasting free surfaces of the rock drilling tunnel and the waste rock layer, which is conducive to the blasting forming of the cutting groove once. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a cutting groove forming method in some embodiments of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the stope structure before blasting in some embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 The cross-sectional view along direction II;

[0027] Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 The cross-section after blasting along direction II;

[0028] Figure 5 Shows Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the II-II direction;

[0029] Figure 6 It shows one of the blasthole arrangement structure diagrams in some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 The second diagram of the blasthole arrangement structure in some embodiments of the present application is shown;

[0031] Figure 8 Shows Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0032] Explanation of the main component symbols: 100 - filling body; 200 - waste rock layer; 310 - cutting tunnel; 320 - cutting groove; 400 - rock drilling tunnel; 500 - ore body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] The existing cutting groove 320 is formed by first forming a cutting well and then expanding the groove to form the cutting groove 320. However, due to the small span of the mining field in the downward segmented empty field and subsequent filling mining method, the groove is expanded after the cutting well is formed, and there is a safety risk in the blasting and charging of the groove expansion.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for forming a cutting groove 320, comprising:

[0040] Step S10: The ore body 500 is mined by a downward segmented empty stope followed by backfilling mining method. After the upper segmented stope is mined, a waste rock layer 200 is laid at the cutting groove 320 of the upper plate of the ore body 500 corresponding to the lower segmented stope, and then the upper segmented stope is backfilled.

[0041] Step S20: excavating a rock drilling tunnel 400 of the lower sub-level stope, and excavating a cutting tunnel 310 on the upper ore body 500 of the rock drilling tunnel 400.

[0042] Step S30: Using the cutting tunnel 310 as a blasting free surface and compensation space, and utilizing the blasting weak surface formed by the waste rock layer 200 of the upper sub-level stope, a blasting formation is performed on the cutting groove 320 .

[0043] In the related art, a downward segmented empty field followed by backfilling mining method is used to recover the ore body 500. After the upper segmented mining field is mined, the upper surface of the entire ore body 500 of the upper segmented mining field is cleaned first, and then waste rock is laid on the entire top surface of the ore body 500, and then the upper segmented mining field is backfilled to form a backfill body 100.

[0044] In the present application, in order to form the blasting free surface of the cutting groove 320, the waste rock layer 200 is laid only at the cutting tunnel 310 corresponding to the lower sub-level stope on the upper wall of the ore body 500, and the waste rock layer 200 is not laid on the other top surfaces, and then the upper sub-level stope is cemented and filled. In this way, when the cutting groove 320 is blasted, the top of the cutting tunnel 310 is laid with the waste rock layer 200, and its strength is lower than that of other parts, so it is easy to be blasted, forming the blasting free surface of the cutting groove 320.

[0045] Further, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, by drilling a rock drilling tunnel 400 in the lower wall of the cutting tunnel 310, the cutting groove 320 is blasted with double blasting free surfaces of the rock drilling tunnel 400 and the waste rock layer 200, which is conducive to the one-time blasting formation of the cutting groove 320.

[0046] In some embodiments, the height of the segmented stope ranges from 10m to 12m, and the stope span ranges from 6m to 10m.

[0047] In some embodiments, the height of the waste rock layer 200 is 1 m to 3 m, the width of the cutting groove 320 is D1, and the width of the waste rock layer 200 is D2, which satisfies: -1 m≤D2-D1≤1 m.

[0048] In some embodiments, blasting the cutting lane 310 includes the following steps:

[0049] Drilling: Drill multiple rows of blast holes upward in the cutting tunnel 310 on the upper wall of the rock drilling tunnel 400.

[0050] Charging: Emulsion explosives are loaded into the blast holes in sequence to form charging holes. Holes not filled with explosives are empty holes. During the charging process, detonating bombs connected to electronic detonators are loaded into the preset detonation points.

[0051] Detonation: After the loading is completed, the detonation time of each blast hole is set in the electronic detonator, and the delay time between holes and the delay time between rows are set, and the explosives are detonated by delayed detonation.

[0052] In some embodiments, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the parameters and arrangement of the blastholes include:

[0053] The blast holes are drilled in parallel along the length of the cutting groove 320. The row spacing of the blast holes is 0.9 to 1 m in the length of the cutting groove 320, and the reserved distance between the blast holes and the long side of the cutting groove 320 is 0.1 to 0.3 m.

[0054] The blast holes are drilled in sequence along the width direction of the cutting groove 320. In the width direction of the cutting groove 320, the row spacing of the blast holes is 0.8-1 m, and the reserved distance between the blast holes and the long side of the cutting groove 320 is 0.1-0.3 m.

[0055] It can be understood that the number of rows of blast holes is related to the actual size of the cutting groove 320. When the size of the cutting groove 320 is larger, the number of rows of blast holes will increase.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the arrangement of the blastholes also includes:

[0057] The cutting groove 320 has a center line along the length direction, a center blast hole is drilled at 1 / 4 of the center line, 4 first blast holes are drilled around the center blast hole at 0.2m, 4 second blast holes are drilled around the center blast hole at 0.28m, and 4 third blast holes are drilled around the center blast hole at 0.5m, wherein the first blast hole and the third blast hole fall on the center line.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first blast hole and the third blast hole are empty holes, and the central blast hole and the second blast hole are charge holes.

[0059] In some embodiments, the depth of the blasthole is the same as the depth of the cutting groove 320, and the distance from the bottom of the hole is 0.5m to 0.6m.

[0060] In some embodiments, the blast hole is generally circular, the diameter of the charge hole is 62 mm to 68 mm, and the diameter of the empty hole is 70 mm to 90 mm.

[0061] In some embodiments, the cutting groove one-time blasting forming method also includes using rock emulsion explosives, the explosives have a diameter of 55 mm and a length of 300 mm.

[0062] To achieve one-shot blasting of the cutting groove 320, Figures 2 to 8 As shown, taking the cutting groove 320 with the length, width and height of 8mx3.4mx8.8m as an example, the hole arrangement and detonation method of the cutting groove 320 are as follows:

[0063] In the length direction of the cutting groove 320, the number of rows of blast holes is 8 rows, and in the width direction, the number of rows of blast holes is 4 rows or 5 rows.

[0064] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the parallel blast holes are all charge holes, and the right area of ​​the cutting groove 320 is blasted before the left area. In this way, the number of rows of holes in the width direction of the right area can be appropriately increased.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, the right area can be divided into 4 rows in the width direction, with a row spacing of 1m, or, as Figure 7 As shown, the right area can be divided into 5 rows in the width direction, and the blasthole row spacing is 0.8m.

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown, a central blast hole is drilled at 1 / 4 of the center line, four first blast holes are drilled around the center blast hole at 0.2m, four second blast holes are drilled around the center blast hole at 0.28m, and four third blast holes are drilled around the center blast hole at 0.5m, where the first blast hole and the third blast hole fall on the center line.

[0067] The first and third blast holes are empty holes, and the center blast hole and the second blast hole are charging holes.

[0068] The bottom distance of the blasthole is 0.5m, the average hole depth is 8.8m, there are 37 blastholes, the total depth of the blastholes is 325.6m, the ore volume controlled by the blastholes is: (3.4x8.8x8)x3.04=727.65t, and the ore volume per meter is: 727.65 / 325.6=2.23t / m.

[0069] The diameter of the blasthole is 60-65mm, and the explosive used is 2# rock emulsion explosive with a diameter of 55mm and a length of 300mm.

[0070] The blasting sequence of the blastholes is divided into 12 sections, with the central blasthole being the first section. The ore body 500 on the right side of the cutting groove 320 is detonated layer by layer in 8 sections from the central blasthole as the center, and then the ore body 500 on the left side of the cutting groove 320 is detonated layer by layer in 4 sections from the center of the left ore body 500.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A one-step blasting method for cutting grooves, characterized in that: include: The ore body is mined by using downward segmented open pit and subsequent filling mining method; After the upper sub-level stope is mined, a waste rock layer is laid at the cutting groove of the lower sub-level stope in the upper wall of the ore body, and then the upper sub-level stope is filled; Excavate the rock drilling tunnel of the lower sub-level stope and excavate the cutting tunnel in the ore body above the rock drilling tunnel; The cutting lane is used as the blasting free surface and supplementary space, and the blasting weak surface formed by the waste rock layer in the upper sub-level stope is utilized to form the cutting groove by blasting once.

2. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the segmented stope ranges from 10m to 12m, and the span of the stope is 6m to 10m.

3. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the waste rock layer is 1m to 3m, the width of the cutting groove is D1, and the width of the waste rock layer is D2, satisfying: -1m≤D2-D1≤1m.

4. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: Blasthole parameters and layout include: The parallel blasting method is adopted to drill blast holes in sequence along the length direction of the cutting groove. In the length direction of the cutting groove, the row spacing of the blast holes is 0.9 to 1m, and the reserved distance between the blast holes and the long side of the cutting groove is 0.1 to 0.3m. The blast holes are drilled sequentially along the width direction of the cutting groove. In the width direction of the cutting groove, the row spacing of the blast holes is 0.8 to 1 m, and the reserved distance between the blast holes and the long side of the cutting groove is 0.1 to 0.3 m.

5. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blasthole arrangement also includes: The cutting groove has a center line along the length direction, a center blast hole is drilled at 1 / 4 of the center line, 4 first blast holes are drilled around it at 0.2m from the center blast hole, 4 second blast holes are drilled around it at 0.28m from the center blast hole, and 4 third blast holes are drilled around it at 0.5m from the center blast hole, wherein the first blast hole and the third blast hole fall on the center line.

6. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first and third blast holes are empty holes, and the center blast hole and the second blast hole are charging holes.

7. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The depth of the blasthole is the same as the depth of the cutting groove, and the distance from the bottom of the hole is 0.5m to 0.6m.

8. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The overall shape of the blast hole is circular, the diameter of the charging hole is 62mm~68mm, and the diameter of the empty hole is 70mm~90mm.

9. The one-step blasting forming method for cutting grooves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method also includes using rock emulsion explosives, the explosives having a diameter of 55 mm and a length of 300 mm.

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