Energy storage system using compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling

Abstract

The present invention provides a power generation and energy storage system that utilizes compressed air, pumped storage, and PVT coupled systems. This coupled system includes a pumped storage power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage unit, and a compressed air power generation unit. The pumped storage unit utilizes upper and lower water storage spaces for energy storage and power generation, while the upper and lower air storage spaces formed by the air compressor coupled with pumping and power generation are used for energy storage and turbine power generation. The system also includes connections between the pumped storage unit and the compressed air energy storage power generation unit, and between the PVT photovoltaic / solar thermal reheat unit and the turbine power generation unit. The inlet of the high-pressure energy storage gas storage unit is connected to the air compressor, and the gas inlet of the solar reheat unit is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure energy storage gas storage unit. The turbine power generation unit includes a turbine connected to the gas outlet of the solar reheat unit. The turbine, water pump, turbine, and air compressor are all electrically connected to the PVT panels. This invention achieves the integrated power generation and energy storage of local photovoltaic storage and curtailed wind, solar, and thermal power generation, and realizes pumped storage in a fully enclosed reservoir.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped water storage and PVT coupling. Background Art

[0002] In order to reduce dependence on fossil energy and achieve the transition from fossil energy to clean energy, a large amount of renewable energy has become an important component of clean energy. However, a large amount of renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy and other clean energy have common shortcomings, namely instability and intermittency. The real-time connection of large-scale wind and solar power to the power grid will bring great challenges to the security and stability of the power grid. At this time, the unstable electricity will be stored first and then generated and connected to the grid when the power load demand increases. Therefore, how to solve the problem of absorbing wind, solar and other electricity and energy storage plays a vital role.

[0003] With the development of technology, composite energy storage technologies such as pumped storage, compressed air storage, and chemical storage are constantly being coupled and innovated. Conventional pumped storage reservoirs face problems such as site selection and reservoir evaporation. The large amount of unused space above and below ground in abandoned mines and the natural height difference of underground space provide a possibility for pumped storage. However, the water and gas migration problems in underground space have led to a reduction in the efficiency of pumped storage power generation. At the same time, although a large amount of underground space provides available space for compressed air energy storage, there are few existing multi-energy complementary energy supply systems that couple solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, and hydrodynamic compressed air energy storage. When utilizing abandoned underground space, they simply stay at the level of a single closed space. Not only do they fail to fully utilize the large amount of underground space, but they also fail to achieve the pumped compressed air energy storage and energy release process while maintaining high pumping and power generation efficiency. Or they simply combine the ideas, lack systematization, and have incomplete conceptual designs.

[0004] Therefore, it is very necessary to design a production capacity storage system that can fully utilize the compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling of the above-ground space and a large amount of underground confined space, and realize the pumped compressed air energy storage and release process while solving the problem of low pumping and power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a production capacity storage system that utilizes compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling, which can improve the utilization rate of abandoned above-ground space and underground enclosed space, while utilizing enclosed spaces with natural height differences to realize the pumping and compressed air energy storage and energy release process under the condition of high pumping and power generation efficiency, and combine the use of solar energy to increase the efficiency of air energy storage, complete the integration of renewable energy production and storage, and solve the problem of reduced efficiency of pumped storage in completely enclosed spaces.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a power generation and energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling, comprising an air compressor, a turbine, a PVT photovoltaic module, a pumped storage water pump and a hydro-generator, and further comprising:

[0007] A pumped-storage power generation unit includes a first enclosed storage space and a second enclosed storage space with a height difference, wherein air and water are stored in the first enclosed storage space and the second enclosed storage space from top to bottom, and the tops of the first enclosed storage space and the second enclosed storage space are both connected to an air compressor. A pumped-storage water pump is connected to the first enclosed storage space and the second enclosed storage space via a pipeline, and is used to pump water in the first enclosed storage space and then transfer it to the second enclosed storage space for energy storage. A hydro-generator is connected to the first enclosed space and the second enclosed space via a pipeline, and utilizes the height difference to convert hydraulic potential energy into electrical energy. The pumped-storage water pump and the hydro-generator are electrically connected to the PVT photovoltaic module.

[0008] A compressed air energy storage unit is used to store energy from high-pressure and high-temperature air output by an air compressor, comprising an air accumulator and a high-pressure air storage space, wherein a first inlet of the air accumulator is connected to the air compressor, a first outlet of the air accumulator is connected to the high-pressure air storage space, and a second inlet of the air accumulator is connected to the high-pressure air storage space;

[0009] The compressed air power generation unit includes a turbine, which is connected to the second outlet of the air heat accumulator and is used to allow the high-temperature and high-pressure air sent into the turbine to generate electricity through the turbine. The gas after the work is sent back to the first closed storage space or the second closed storage space respectively. The turbine is electrically connected to the PVT photovoltaic module.

[0010] Preferably, a solar reheater is further provided between the turbine and the second outlet of the air heat accumulator, the gas inlet of the solar reheater is connected to the second outlet of the air heat accumulator, the exhaust gas outlet of the turbine is respectively connected to the first closed storage space or the second closed storage space, and the medium inlet and the medium outlet of the solar reheater are both connected to the PVT photovoltaic module.

[0011] Preferably, the PVT photovoltaic assembly is electrically connected to a battery, and the battery is electrically connected to the air compressor, turbine, pumped storage water pump, and turbine generator through the power supply grid.

[0012] Preferably, the power supply grid is also connected to abandoned power.

[0013] Preferably, the turbine is an air turbine generator, which is used to expand the air fed into the turbine to perform work and thus convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0014] Preferably, an air cooler is further provided between the air heat accumulator and the high-pressure air storage space, the inlet of the air cooler is connected to the first outlet of the air heat accumulator, the outlet of the air cooler is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure air storage space, and the air cooler is connected to the external refrigerant.

[0015] Preferably, the air compressor is at least one compressor, and multiple compressors are connected in series, and the number of turbines is the same as the number of compressors. A first valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the hydro-generator, and a second valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the pumped-storage water pump to prevent water backflow.

[0016] Preferably, the electricity generated by the hydro-generator and turbine is fed into the power grid.

[0017] Preferably, a multifunctional regulating valve is respectively provided on the pipeline connecting the first enclosed storage space and the air compressor, and the pipeline connecting the second enclosed storage space and the air compressor, and a pressure sensor is provided on the first enclosed storage space and the second enclosed storage space. The pressure sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to the multifunctional regulating valve for adjusting the opening of the multifunctional regulating valve by pressure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The biggest advantage of the present invention is that it can fully develop the abandoned mines above and below ground. A large number of PVT panels can be installed above ground, and pumped storage and air energy storage can be built in the underground space. On this basis, coupling can be carried out to improve the efficiency of pumped storage and air energy storage; the photovoltaic power generated by the PVT panels can be connected to the Internet in real time or stored according to the requirements of the power grid; while the PVT panels generate electricity, they also generate a large amount of solar heat that can be directly used in the reheating process of air compression, thereby improving the efficiency of air energy storage and the utilization rate of clean green energy.

[0020] 2. This invention achieves a fully enclosed upper and lower reservoir form for pumped storage and combines the advantages of pumped storage and compressed air energy storage, thereby improving the efficiency of pumped storage. Existing pumped storage, especially fully underground pumped storage that utilizes abandoned space, differs from conventional open upper and lower reservoirs. Due to the large amount of air in the enclosed spaces of the upper and lower reservoirs, the compressed air in the enclosed space of the upper reservoir during pumping generates pressure on the water, reducing the efficiency of the water pump. During power generation, the compressed air in the enclosed space of the lower reservoir reduces the power generation efficiency of the turbine. When the present invention is pumping water, a large amount of low-pressure air compressed in the upper space of the upper reservoir is extracted, compressed into high-pressure air by an air compressor, and then enters the lower reservoir after passing through a turbine to perform work. While completing the air energy storage and release process, the upper and lower reservoirs are given a space similar to an open space or the lower reservoir is given a pressure greater than the open space to improve the pumped water storage efficiency; when generating electricity, the air in the closed space of the lower reservoir is compressed, and then a large amount of compressed low-pressure air is extracted and compressed into high-pressure air, and the high-pressure air is reheated and then passed through a turbine to generate electricity and perform work, and then enters the upper reservoir to complete the air energy storage and release process again, and at the same time, the upper and lower reservoirs are given a space similar to an open space or the lower reservoir is given a pressure greater than the open space to improve the power generation efficiency of the turbine.

[0021] 3. The present invention realizes an energy storage mode that coordinates the storage of system capacity and the storage of external network abandoned power under the premise of system capacity;

[0022] 4. The present invention realizes full underground pumped storage and improves the efficiency of pumped storage;

[0023] 5. The present invention realizes the utilization of abandoned underground and above-ground spaces and provides a more economical use method;

[0024] 6. The present invention improves the energy density of energy storage, reduces the reservoir capacity, reduces the height difference of the reservoir, and reduces the economic cost of pumped storage and compressed air energy storage construction;

[0025] 7. The present invention realizes energy production and energy storage while achieving energy self-consistency within the system, completely realizing zero energy utilization and zero carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the energy storage system of the present invention using compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1. First enclosed storage space; 2. Second enclosed storage space; 3. Air compressor; 4. Turbine; 5. Solar reheat unit; 6. Air heat accumulator; 7. Air cooler; 8. High-pressure air storage space; 9. Solar PVT panels; 10. Battery; 11. Hydrogenerator; 12. Pumped storage pump; 13. Valve; 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Multi-function regulating valve DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The inventors discovered that existing pumped air compression only maintains air compression efficiency within a single space, while reducing the efficiency of pumped storage. However, it fails to consider the full utilization of abandoned underground space, the natural height difference between enclosed upper and lower spaces, the pressure conversion issues between pumped storage power generation and air energy storage power generation, and the utilization of above-ground space.

[0031] In view of this, the present invention utilizes the natural height difference between the above-ground and underground abandoned spaces and the underground enclosed space, and ensures the high efficiency of pumped storage while ensuring the energy storage efficiency of the compressed space.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a power generation and energy storage system that utilizes compressed air, pumped storage, and PVT coupling, including a PVT photovoltaic module 9, an air compressor 3, a turbine 4, a pumped storage water pump 12, and a hydro-generator 11. The solar heating end of the present invention uses a PVT integrated solar panel, which can simultaneously generate electricity and prepare hot water. The power generation-hot water ratio and the paving area can be adjusted according to the heat load and electricity load. The PVT photovoltaic module 9 and the air compressor 3 are electrically connected, and green energy - solar heat - is utilized in the air compression process to maximize the efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system. The system also includes:

[0033] Pumped storage power generation unit, comprising:

[0034] The first enclosed storage space 1 stores air and water from top to bottom, and the top is connected to the air compressor 3;

[0035] The second closed storage space 2 stores air and water in sequence from top to bottom. The top is connected to the air compressor 3, and the bottom is connected to the first closed storage space 1 through pipelines and pumped storage water pumps 12 and pipelines and hydro-generators 11. There is a height difference between the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2. The water in the first closed storage space 1 is lifted by the water pump 12 and sent to the second closed storage space 2 for energy storage. The pumped storage water pump 12 is also electrically connected to the PVT photovoltaic module 9; the hydro-generator 11 uses the height potential energy of the height difference between the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2 and the air pressure energy of the gas inside the second closed storage space 2 after doing work to release energy and generate electricity. The hydro-generator 11 is electrically connected to the PVT photovoltaic module 9.

[0036] The compressed air energy storage unit is used to store heat and energy in the high-pressure and high-temperature air output by the air compressor 3, and includes an air heat accumulator 6 and a high-pressure air storage space 8. The first inlet of the air heat accumulator 6 is connected to the air compressor 3, the first outlet of the air heat accumulator 6 is connected to the high-pressure air storage space 8, and the second inlet of the air heat accumulator 6 is connected to the high-pressure air storage space 8.

[0037] The compressed air power generation unit includes a turbine 4, which is connected to the second outlet of the air heat accumulator 6. The high-temperature and high-pressure air fed into the turbine 4 generates power through the turbine 4, and the gas after the work is returned to the first closed storage space 1 or the second closed storage space 2 respectively. The turbine 4 is electrically connected to the PVT photovoltaic module 9.

[0038] The functions of the air heat accumulator 6 are energy storage and energy release. The interior of the air heat accumulator 6 contains a heat storage medium. The compression heat discharged from the air compressor outlet is recovered through the air heat accumulator 6, and the air that releases heat is stored in the high-pressure air storage space 8. During the energy release process, the air discharged from the high-pressure air storage space 8 is reheated through the air heat accumulator 6 and sent to the turbine 4 to generate electricity.

[0039] The present invention is based on the existing principles of electricity storage and power generation. It mainly solves the utilization of solar energy, the storage of abandoned wind, solar and thermal power, the coupling of pumped storage and compressed air energy storage, and the use of a large amount of solar heat generated by photovoltaic production before air energy release to generate electricity to improve the system's energy storage efficiency, realizing the comprehensive production capacity storage utilization of local photovoltaic storage and abandoned wind, solar and thermal power storage, and realizing fully enclosed reservoir pumped storage; the system's internal green electricity self-consistency realizes internal energy self-consistency, achieves zero carbon emissions, and achieves the goal of carbon reduction.

[0040] Pumped storage, especially fully underground pumped storage utilizing abandoned space, differs from conventional open-type upper and lower reservoirs. Due to the large amount of air trapped between the first and second sealed storage spaces (1 and 2), the compressed air within the second sealed storage space (2) creates pressure that acts on the water during pumping, reducing pump efficiency. During power generation, the compressed air within the first sealed storage space (1) reduces the turbine's efficiency.

[0041] When pumping water, the present invention extracts a large amount of compressed low-pressure air from the upper space of the first closed storage space 1 and compresses it into high-pressure air. The high-pressure air is then reheated and passed through the turbine 4. The exhaust gas from the turbine 4 after power generation enters the second closed storage space 2. While completing the air energy storage and release process, the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2 are given a similar open space to improve the pumped storage efficiency, or the pressure of the first closed storage space 1 is slightly higher than the spatial pressure of the open pumping space to improve the pumped storage efficiency. When generating electricity, the air in the first closed storage space 1 is compressed, and then a large amount of compressed low-pressure air is extracted and compressed into high-pressure air. The high-pressure air is then reheated and passed through the turbine 4 to generate electricity and work before entering the second closed storage space 2. The air energy storage and release process is completed again, and at the same time, the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2 are given a similar open space, or the second closed storage space 2 is given a pressure greater than the open space to improve the power generation efficiency of the turbine.

[0042] A large number of PVT photovoltaic modules 9 can be installed in abandoned ground space. The photovoltaic power generated by the PVT panels can be connected to the grid in real time or stored according to the requirements of the grid. A large amount of solar heat can be directly used in the reheating process of air compression, thereby improving the efficiency of air energy storage and the utilization rate of green energy.

[0043] Specifically, a solar reheater 5 is provided between the turbine 4 and the second outlet of the air reheater 6. The gas inlet of the solar reheater 5 is connected to the second outlet of the air reheater 6. The exhaust gas outlet of the turbine 4 is connected to the first and second sealed storage spaces 1 and 2, respectively. The medium inlet and outlet of the solar reheater 5 are both connected to the PVT photovoltaic module 9. The gas discharged from the second outlet of the air reheater 6 is reheated in the solar reheater 5 to regulate the inlet temperature of the turbine 4 and increase the reheat temperature, thereby improving the efficiency of the turbine 4.

[0044] Specifically, the PVT photovoltaic module 9 is electrically connected to a battery 10, and the battery 10 is electrically connected to the air compressor 3, the turbine 4, the turbine 11 and the pumped storage water pump 12 through the power supply grid. By using chemical energy storage batteries, the comprehensive and efficient utilization of photovoltaic and abandoned wind, solar and thermal power storage is solved.

[0045] Specifically, the power supply grid is also connected to the abandoned power, and is used to store the abandoned wind, solar and thermal power.

[0046] Specifically, the turbine 4 is an air turbine, which is used to expand the air fed into the turbine 4 to perform work, thereby converting the mechanical energy into electricity that enters the power grid.

[0047] Specifically, an air cooler 7 is provided between the air accumulator 6 and the high-pressure air storage space 8. The inlet of the air cooler 7 is connected to the first outlet of the air accumulator 6, and the outlet of the air cooler 7 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure air storage space 8. The air cooler 7 is connected to an external refrigerant. After being compressed again by the air compressor 3, the air is passed through the air accumulator 6 to store the heat released during the compression process, and then cooled by the air cooler 7. This ensures that the pressure of the air entering the high-pressure air storage space 8 is constant. The high-pressure air delivered from the high-pressure air storage space 8 passes through the air accumulator 6, and the stored heat of compression is released to the high-pressure air.

[0048] Specifically, the air compressor 3 is at least one compressor, and multiple compressors are connected in series. The number of expanders 4 is the same as the number of compressors. A first valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the hydro-generator 11, and a second valve 13 is provided on the pipeline connected to the pumped-storage water pump 12 to prevent water backflow.

[0049] Specifically, the electricity generated by the hydro-generator 11 and the turbine 4 is integrated into the power grid and is used to generate electricity and connect to the grid when needed.

[0050] Specifically, a multifunctional regulating valve 15 is respectively provided on the pipeline connecting the first closed storage space 1 and the air compressor 3, and the pipeline connecting the second closed storage space 2 and the air compressor 3. A pressure sensor 14 is provided on the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2. The pressure sensor 14 is connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to the multifunctional regulating valve 15 for adjusting the opening of the multifunctional regulating valve 15 by pressure. An intelligent joint control of the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2 is designed to maximize the energy storage efficiency of the overall pumped storage system.

[0051] The first enclosed storage space 1 and the second enclosed storage space 2 provided in the present invention are both intelligently controlled with the air compressor 3, automatically adjusting the low-pressure gas storage space connected to the first enclosed storage space 1 during pumping and the low-pressure gas storage space connected to the second enclosed storage space 2 during power generation; the first enclosed storage space 1 and the second enclosed storage space 2 are both intelligently controlled with the turbine 4, automatically adjusting the connection to the second enclosed storage space 2 during pumping and the connection to the first enclosed storage space 1 during power generation according to the pumping and power generation links, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the pumped storage system.

[0052] The present invention utilizes the multifunctional regulating valve 15 to pressurize and depressurize the gas pressure in the first sealed storage space 1 and the second sealed storage space 2 to ensure that the pressure in the first sealed storage space 1 and the second sealed storage space 2 is constant.

[0053] In order to ensure the efficiency of pumped storage energy storage and power generation, the pressure of the first closed storage space 1 and the second closed storage space 2 are adjusted to ensure that the pressure of the second closed storage space 2 is equal to or slightly less than the atmospheric pressure and the pressure of the upper space of the first closed storage space 1 is equal to or slightly greater than the atmospheric pressure when pumping water. When generating electricity, the air pressure above the first closed storage space 1 is equal to or slightly less than the atmospheric pressure and the air pressure above the second closed storage space 2 is equal to or slightly greater than the atmospheric pressure.

[0054] The present invention provides a compressed air-pumped storage-solar energy coupling production capacity-energy storage energy coupling system based on PVT solar panels, which integrates the production capacity and energy storage of photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal, pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, and solar thermal reheating systems. It not only solves its own production capacity and energy storage and couples with the storage and access to the external network of wind, solar and thermal power, but also maximizes the use of waste space to improve the efficiency of production capacity and energy storage.

[0055] The solar PVT panels 9 on the ground absorb solar radiation, generating photovoltaic power and a large amount of solar heat at the same time. When the photovoltaic power cannot be connected to the Internet, the large amount of photovoltaic power is stored in the underground pumped storage system and compressed air system, and the solar heat is reheated in the compressed air; the pumped storage and compressed air energy storage systems also store a large amount of abandoned wind, solar and thermal power, and connect it to the Internet during peak electricity prices. The system also matches and stores self-produced photovoltaic power with abandoned wind, solar and thermal power from the external network.

[0056] 1) Pumped Storage Process A: During pumping, the water pump 12 operates to transport water from the lower space 1 to the upper water storage space 2. During power generation, the water in the upper space generates electricity through the turbine 11 under the combined action of the height potential energy and air pressure energy.

[0057] 2) Compressed air energy storage process B:

[0058] When B1 is pumping water, the water pump runs to transport the water in the first closed storage space 1 to the second closed storage space 2. At the same time, the air in the upper part of the second closed storage space 2 is compressed into low-pressure air. After being compressed by the air compressor 3, the heat released during the compression process is stored in the air heat accumulator 6 and then sent to the air cooler 7. The purpose is to ensure that the pressure of the air entering the high-pressure air storage space 8 is constant. The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air storage space 8 absorbs heat through the air heat accumulator 6 and then passes through the solar reheater 5 to enter the turbine 4 for power generation. At the same time, the exhaust gas from the turbine enters the upper part of the first closed storage space 1.

[0059] During power generation at B2, the water in the lower portion of the second enclosed storage space 2 passes through the hydro-generator 11 to generate electricity, the water storage space of the first enclosed storage space 1 increases, and the air in the gas storage space of the first enclosed storage space 1 is compressed into low-pressure air. After being compressed again by the air compressor 3, the air passes through the air heat accumulator 6 and then the air cooler 7 to enter the high-pressure air storage space 8. The high-pressure gas 8 passes through the air heat accumulator 6 and then the solar reheat unit 5 before entering the turbine 4 to generate electricity. At the same time, the exhaust gas passing through the turbine 4 enters the upper space of the second enclosed storage space 2.

[0060] 3) Air cooler cooling process C: The air coming out of the air heat accumulator 6 is cooled by the air cooler 7 to ensure that the pressure of the air entering the high-pressure air storage space 8 is constant;

[0061] 4) Solar reheating process D: The solar PVT panels 9 absorb solar energy, generating three times the amount of photovoltaic power while also generating solar heat. This large amount of solar heat can be used to heat the high-pressure air before entering the turbine, improving power generation efficiency.

[0062] 5) Photovoltaic power supply process E: The battery 10 can be used for internal power applications of the system and ensure the safety and stability of the system's power consumption, while also coordinating external power supply and the system's energy storage;

[0063] 6) Energy storage output process G: The system capacity is the sum of three parts: pumped storage power generation, compressed air turbine power generation and PVT panel power generation, which are connected to the external power grid.

[0064] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power generation and storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling, comprising an air compressor (3), a turbine (4), a PVT photovoltaic module (9), a pumped storage water pump (12) and a hydro-generator (11), characterized in that: Also includes: A pumped storage power generation unit comprises a first sealed storage space (1) and a second sealed storage space (2) with a height difference, wherein air and water are stored in the first sealed storage space (1) and the second sealed storage space (2) from top to bottom, the tops of the first sealed storage space (1) and the second sealed storage space (2) are both connected to an air compressor (3), a pumped storage water pump (12) is connected to the first sealed storage space (1) and the second sealed storage space (2) through a pipeline, and is used to lift the water in the first sealed storage space (1) through the water pump (12) and then send it into the second sealed storage space (2) for energy storage, a hydro-generator (11) is connected to the first sealed storage space (1) and the second sealed storage space (2) through a pipeline, and utilizes the height difference to convert hydraulic potential energy into electrical energy, and the pumped storage water pump (12) and the hydro-generator (11) are electrically connected to a PVT photovoltaic module (9); A compressed air energy storage unit is used to store energy in high-pressure and high-temperature air output by an air compressor (3), comprising an air heat accumulator (6) and a high-pressure air storage space (8), wherein a first inlet of the air heat accumulator (6) is connected to the air compressor (3), a first outlet of the air heat accumulator (6) is connected to the high-pressure air storage space (8), and a second inlet of the air heat accumulator (6) is connected to the high-pressure air storage space (8); A compressed air power generation unit comprises a turbine (4), wherein the turbine (4) is connected to the second outlet of the air heat accumulator (6), and is used to allow the high-temperature and high-pressure air fed into the turbine (4) to generate power through the turbine (4), and the gas after the power generation is respectively sent back to the first closed storage space (1) or the second closed storage space (2), wherein the turbine (4) is electrically connected to the PVT photovoltaic assembly (9), and a solar reheater (5) is further provided between the turbine (4) and the second outlet of the air heat accumulator (6), wherein the gas inlet of the solar reheater (5) is connected to the second outlet of the air heat accumulator (6), and the exhaust gas outlet of the turbine (4) is respectively connected to the first closed storage space (1) and the second closed storage space (2). or the second closed storage space (2), the medium inlet of the solar reheater (5) and the medium outlet of the solar reheater (5) are both connected to the PVT photovoltaic assembly (9), a multifunctional regulating valve (15) is respectively provided on the pipeline connecting the first closed storage space (1) and the air compressor (3) and the pipeline connecting the second closed storage space (2) and the air compressor (3), the first closed storage space (1) and the second closed storage space (2) are both provided with a pressure sensor (14), the pressure sensor (14) is connected to a controller, and the controller is also connected to the multifunctional regulating valve (15) for regulating the opening of the multifunctional regulating valve (15) by pressure.

2. The energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The PVT photovoltaic assembly (9) is electrically connected to a battery (10), and the battery (10) is electrically connected to an air compressor (3), a turbine (4), a pumped storage water pump (12), and a hydroelectric generator (11) through a power supply grid.

3. The energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The power supply grid is also connected to the abandoned power.

4. The energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The turbine (4) is an air turbine generator, which is used to expand the air fed into the turbine (4) to perform work and thereby convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.

5. The energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air cooler (7) is further provided between the air heat accumulator (6) and the high-pressure air storage space (8), the inlet of the air cooler (7) is communicated with the first outlet of the air heat accumulator (6), the outlet of the air cooler (7) is communicated with the inlet of the high-pressure air storage space (8), and the air cooler (7) is connected to an external refrigerant.

6. The energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor (3) is at least one compressor, and multiple compressors are connected in series. The number of the turbines (4) is the same as the number of the compressors. A first valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the hydro-generator (11), and a second valve (13) for preventing water backflow is provided on the pipeline connected to the pumped storage water pump (12).

7. The energy storage system utilizing compressed air, pumped storage and PVT coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electricity generated by the hydro-generator (11) and the turbine (4) is fed into the power grid.

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