Ventilation and dust removal system for tall welding workshop and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation and dust removal system for a tall welding workshop and a control method. The ventilation and dust removal system comprises an air return system, an air supply system, an axial flow fan assembly, an infrared temperature sensor and a visual camera. The air return system comprises an air return opening, an air return pipeline and a suspender. The infrared temperature sensor and the visual camera are responsible for monitoring the welding operation intensity and the activity condition of workers correspondingly, the infrared temperature sensor can detect heat generated in the welding process, and therefore the welding operation intensity is indirectly reflected; the visual camera can identify the number of moving people and moving states in different areas in the workshop, the welding operation type is further analyzed, and according to the monitored welding operation intensity, the system can automatically adjust the ventilation intensity of the local area, for example, the air supply amount of the area is increased or the position and angle of the axial flow fan are adjusted; therefore, the welding fume is controlled in a local area and is prevented from diffusing to other areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation and dust removal, and in particular to a ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The welding process will produce a lot of smoke and harmful gases, which will have a serious impact on the health of workers and product quality. Therefore, large welding workshops need to install effective ventilation and dust removal systems to ensure a safe and healthy working environment.

[0003] Limitations of existing ventilation and dust removal systems in large welding workshops:

[0004] 1. Currently, it is the most commonly used ventilation method with wide applicability, but the overall energy consumption of the system is high, the operation time is long, and the equipment position is fixed, which cannot be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0005] 2. Some large welding workshops use local ventilation, but the effect is limited and cannot effectively control the spread of smoke and dust.

[0006] 3. Most of the existing ventilation and dust removal systems are manually controlled and cannot be adjusted in real time according to the actual situation of the workshop, resulting in energy waste and poor ventilation effect.

[0007] Deficiencies of existing technology:

[0008] 1. Lack of local advance ventilation enhancement, local welding smoke is easy to spread to other areas, resulting in an increase in the overall smoke volume in the welding workshop.

[0009] 2. Different ventilation and dust removal strategies are not set according to the welding forms in different areas of the workshop. For areas with less welding smoke, there is a waste of energy consumption in the ventilation system.

[0010] 3. The location of the ventilation system equipment is fixed, resulting in suboptimal ventilation and energy waste.

[0011] To sum up, the existing ventilation and dust removal systems in large welding workshops have problems such as high energy consumption, poor effect, and lack of intelligent control. They cannot meet the needs of large welding workshops for ventilation and dust removal. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an energy-saving, efficient, and intelligently controlled ventilation and dust removal system and control for large welding workshops. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and dust removal system and control method for a large welding workshop, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption, poor effect and lack of intelligent control in the existing ventilation and dust removal systems for large welding workshops mentioned in the above background technology. The technical solution of the present invention aims at the technical problem that the existing technical solutions are too single, and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a ventilation and dust removal system and control method for a tall welding workshop, including a return air system, an air supply system, an axial flow fan assembly, an infrared temperature sensor and a visual camera;

[0014] The return air system includes a return air inlet, a return air duct and a suspension rod, one end of the suspension rod is connected to the top of the workshop steel structure, and the other end is connected to the return air duct. The return air inlet is arranged at the end of the return air duct, and the return air inlet is an electrically adjustable air inlet;

[0015] An air supply system, comprising air supply outlets, which are arranged on both sides of the welding workshop through air supply ducts;

[0016] The axial flow fan assembly includes a column, the end of the column is vertically welded to the end of the beam, a rack and a slide rail groove are arranged above the beam, a slider is installed on the inner side of the slide rail groove, and a cantilever rod is connected to one side of the slider, an axial flow fan is arranged at the end of the cantilever rod, and a smoke sensor is installed near the middle of the cantilever rod.

[0017] In a further embodiment, a base plate is installed at the other end close to the cantilever rod, a drive motor is installed on one side of the base plate, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to a gear shaft through a coupling, and the gear shaft is meshed with the rack.

[0018] In a further embodiment, the axial flow fan is installed with a wind direction inclined at 45° along the vertical line.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the flue gas sensor includes a gas sensor and a laser dust sensor, the gas measured by the gas sensor is NOx, and the laser dust sensor has a minimum detection value of 0.1 μm.

[0020] In a further embodiment, the sliding block and the sliding rail groove form a sliding structure.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the infrared temperature sensors and visual cameras are staggeredly arranged on both sides of the factory building in the longitudinal direction, with a spacing of 30m.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the spacing between the axial fan components is set according to the type of operation in the welding workshop, and is arranged every 10m in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area, and every 5m in the large part riveting and welding area and the small part riveting and welding area.

[0023] In a further embodiment, the return air inlets are arranged at a longitudinal spacing of 15m and a transverse spacing of 10m in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, workpiece placement area and debugging area, and are arranged at a longitudinal spacing of 10m and a transverse spacing of 5m in the large piece riveting and welding area and the small piece riveting and welding area.

[0024] In a further embodiment, the air supply outlets are arranged on both sides of the welding workshop with an arrangement height of 1.5m. The air supply outlets are connected to the dust removal host through air supply ducts, with an arrangement spacing of 15m and an arrangement height of 1.5m. The air supply outlets are arranged in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area with a longitudinal spacing of 15m, and in the large part riveting and welding area and the small part riveting and welding area with a longitudinal spacing of 10m and a lateral spacing of 5m.

[0025] In a further embodiment, the closure degree formula of the return air vent includes the following steps:

[0026] The following formula is further calculated based on the smoke sensor on the cantilever rod:

[0027]

[0028] CMH miu =0.8Ch NOx +0.2Ch ptic

[0029] Where: O h is the closing degree of the return air outlet, CMh miu CMh is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the return air outlet every minute. hour It is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and the gas sensor every hour of the day;

[0030] Ch NOx The return air outlet gas sensor measures NO X Concentration, Ch ptic The solid particle concentration measured by the laser dust sensor at the return air outlet;

[0031] The air outlet operation strategy includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Divide the large and small riveting and welding areas in the welding workshop into several strip areas at intervals of 10m. The intervals should correspond to the air outlet intervals and be numbered Z and Z respectively. 1 Z 2 …Zn;

[0033] S2, identify Z through infrared temperature sensor 1 The welding workload and welding workload type in each area are further calculated according to the formula, and the weighted average welding workload per minute in each area is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Where: K a is the number of manual arc welding operations, K bis the number of self-shielded arc welding operations; K c The number of gas shielded arc welding operations;

[0036] S3. Set the number of workers per minute in each area identified by the visual camera as R miu , and further calculate the activity level A per minute in each area i , where i=1,2,…,n,A i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] S4. Set the closing degree of each air outlet in the large-piece riveting and welding area and the small-piece riveting and welding area to 0. s , calculated according to the following formula:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula Indicates the comprehensive weighted activity, 2Ai means 2 times Ai, A i-1 Z i-1 Activity of the area; A i+1 Z i+1 Activity level of the region

[0041] The degree of closure of each air outlet in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, waiting area for processing and debugging area is O s , determined according to the following formula;

[0042]

[0043] Where: CMs miu The weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet per minute, CMs hour It is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet every hour of the day;

[0044] The operation strategy of axial flow fans includes the following methods:

[0045] S1, CMt calculated by the smoke sensor in the cantilever rod of the axial flow fan hour Value less than 1mg / m 3 , the axial flow fan is turned off;

[0046] S2, CMt hour Values ​​range from 1-2 mg / m 3 When , the axial fan opening power percentage Ot is determined according to the following formula, where 100% is the maximum power operation;

[0047]

[0048] S3, when CMt hour Value higher than 2mg / m 3 When , the axial flow fan spacing is adjusted, and the spacing between two adjacent axial flow fans and the target axial flow fan is adjusted. The adjustment spacing amount L is determined according to the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] Formula CMt hour(i-1) ,CMt hour(i+1) It is the hourly weighted average concentration measured on the cantilever rod of the adjacent axial flow fan;

[0051] maxCMt hour It is the weighted average value of the data measured by the smoke sensor on the cantilever rod and the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet every hour of the day.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] 1. The present invention is provided with an infrared temperature sensor and a visual camera, which are responsible for monitoring the intensity of welding operations and the activities of workers respectively. The infrared temperature sensor can detect the heat generated during welding, thereby indirectly reflecting the intensity of welding operations; the visual camera can identify the number of people and activity status in different areas of the workshop, and further analyze the type of welding operations;

[0054] According to the monitored welding intensity, the system will automatically adjust the ventilation intensity of the local area, such as increasing the air supply in the area or adjusting the position and angle of the axial flow fan, so as to control the welding smoke in the local area and prevent it from spreading to other areas;

[0055] By strengthening local ventilation, the pollution of welding smoke to the entire workshop can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the demand for global ventilation and achieving the goal of reducing the energy consumption of system operation;

[0056] In summary, local ventilation enhancement can effectively reduce system operation time, reduce energy consumption, control welding smoke in time, improve workshop environment, and improve work efficiency. Local ventilation enhancement can reduce unnecessary ventilation volume and reduce noise pollution.

[0057] 2. The present invention divides a large welding workshop into different areas, analyzes the welding operation type in the area according to the characteristics of the different areas, and adopts different ventilation arrangement spacing and air outlet closure strategies according to the welding operation type in the different areas. Through differentiated ventilation arrangement, unnecessary ventilation volume can be effectively reduced, and the energy consumption of system operation can be reduced;

[0058] To sum up: adopting differentiated ventilation strategies according to the types of welding operations in different areas can effectively reduce system operation energy consumption, improve ventilation efficiency, improve workshop environment, and improve work efficiency. The ventilation strategy can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different welding operation scenarios.

[0059] 3. The present invention is provided with a slidable axial flow fan, which is installed on a cantilever rod, which is connected to a slide rail and can slide laterally along the slide rail. This design allows the axial flow fan to be flexibly adjusted according to the distribution of welding smoke in the workshop, and the air volume is concentrated in the area that needs ventilation, thereby improving ventilation efficiency. Various sensors are used to monitor the welding smoke concentration, welding operation intensity, worker activity and other information in the workshop in real time. The system automatically controls the position, angle and operating state of the axial flow fan by analyzing the data collected by the sensor and combining it with a preset control strategy, so that it can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation in the workshop, thereby achieving the best ventilation effect;

[0060] In summary, the sliding axial flow fan can adapt to the complex welding fume distribution in large welding workshops and improve ventilation efficiency. Through intelligent control, the system can automatically adjust the operating status of the axial flow fan, reduce manual intervention, improve system operation efficiency, and effectively reduce system operation energy consumption by accurately controlling the ventilation volume. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of a ventilation and dust removal system and control method for a large welding workshop provided by the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workshop structure from a bird's-eye view;

[0063] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section diagram.

[0064] In the figure: 1. column; 2. axial flow fan; 3. cantilever rod; 4. crossbeam; 5. bottom plate; 6. drive motor; 7. rack; 8. slide rail groove; 9. gear shaft; 10. slider; 11. smoke sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] See also Figure 1-3, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a ventilation and dust removal system for a tall welding workshop, including a return air system, an air supply system, an axial flow fan assembly, an infrared temperature sensor and a visual camera.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the return air system comprises a return air outlet, a return air duct and a hanger, one end of the hanger is connected to the top of the workshop steel structure, and the other end is connected to the return air duct, the return air outlet is arranged at the end of the return air duct, and the return air outlet is an electrically adjustable air outlet; the air supply system comprises an air supply outlet, and the air supply outlet is arranged on both sides of the welding workshop through the air supply duct; the axial flow fan assembly comprises a column (1), the end of the column (1) is vertically welded to the end of the beam (4), and a rack (7) and a slide rail groove (8) are arranged above the beam (4), a slider (10) is installed on the inner side of the slide rail groove (8), and a cantilever rod (3) is connected to one side of the slider (10), an axial flow fan (2) is arranged at the end of the cantilever rod (3), and a smoke sensor (11) is installed near the middle of the cantilever rod (3).

[0068] A base plate (5) is installed at the other end close to the cantilever rod (3), a driving motor (6) is installed on one side of the base plate (5), and the output end of the driving motor (6) is connected to a gear shaft (9) through a coupling, the gear shaft (9) and the rack (7) are meshed with each other, the slider (10) and the slide rail groove (8) form a sliding structure, and the axial flow fan (2) is installed with a wind direction inclined at 45 degrees along the vertical line.

[0069] The smoke sensor (11) comprises a gas sensor and a laser dust sensor, wherein the gas measured by the gas sensor is NOx, and the laser dust sensor has a minimum detection value of 0.1 μm;

[0070] The axial flow fan 2 is installed on the cantilever rod 3, and the cantilever rod 3 is connected to the slide rail and can slide horizontally along the slide rail. This design allows the axial flow fan 2 to be flexibly adjusted according to the distribution of welding smoke in the workshop, and the air volume is concentrated in the area that needs ventilation to improve the ventilation efficiency. Various sensors are used to monitor the welding smoke concentration, welding operation intensity, worker activities and other information in the workshop in real time. The system automatically controls the position, angle and operating status of the axial flow fan 2 by analyzing the data collected by the sensor and combining it with the preset control strategy, so that it can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation in the workshop, thereby achieving the best ventilation effect;

[0071] Infrared temperature sensors and visual cameras are staggered on both sides of the workshop, with a spacing of 30m. The infrared temperature sensors and visual cameras are responsible for monitoring the intensity of welding operations and worker activities respectively. The infrared temperature sensors can detect the heat generated during welding, thereby indirectly reflecting the intensity of welding operations. The visual cameras can identify the number of people and their activity status in different areas of the workshop, and further analyze the type of welding operations.

[0072] According to the monitored intensity of the welding operation, the system will automatically adjust the ventilation intensity of the local area, such as increasing the air supply in the area or adjusting the position and angle of the axial flow fan 2, so as to control the welding smoke in the local area and prevent it from spreading to other areas;

[0073] By strengthening local ventilation, the pollution of welding smoke to the entire workshop can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the demand for global ventilation and achieving the goal of reducing the energy consumption of system operation.

[0074] The spacing between axial flow fan components is set according to the type of operation in the welding workshop. They are arranged every 10m in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area, and every 5m in the large and small parts riveting and welding areas. The return air inlets are arranged in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area with a longitudinal spacing of 15m and a transverse spacing of 10m. They are arranged in the large and small parts riveting and welding areas with a longitudinal spacing of 10m and a transverse spacing of 5m. The air supply inlets are arranged on both sides of the welding workshop with a height of 1.5m. The air supply inlets are connected to the dust removal host through air supply ducts with a spacing of 15m and a height of 1.5m. The air supply inlets are arranged in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area with a longitudinal spacing of 15m, and in the large and small parts riveting and welding areas with a longitudinal spacing of 10m and a transverse spacing of 5m.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, a control method for a ventilation and dust removal system in a large welding workshop comprises the following steps:

[0076] The following formula is further calculated based on the smoke sensor 11 on the cantilever rod (3):

[0077]

[0078] CMH miu =0.8Ch NOx +0.2Ch ptic

[0079] Where: O h is the closing degree of the return air outlet, CMh miu CMh is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the return air outlet every minute. hour It is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and the gas sensor every hour of the day;

[0080] Ch NOx The return air outlet gas sensor measures NO X Concentration, Ch ptic The solid particle concentration measured by the laser dust sensor at the return air outlet;

[0081] The air outlet operation strategy includes the following steps:

[0082] S1. Divide the large and small riveting and welding areas in the welding workshop into several strip areas at intervals of 10m. The intervals should correspond to the air outlet intervals and be numbered Z and Z respectively. 1 Z 2 …Zn;

[0083] S2, identify Z through infrared temperature sensor 1 The welding workload and welding workload type in each area are further calculated according to the formula, and the weighted average welding workload per minute in each area is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Where: K a is the number of manual arc welding operations, K b is the number of self-shielded arc welding operations; K c The number of gas shielded arc welding operations;

[0086] S3. Set the number of workers per minute in each area identified by the visual camera as R miu , and further calculate the activity level A per minute in each area i , where i=1,2,…,n,A i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] S4. Set the closing degree of each air outlet in the large-piece riveting and welding area and the small-piece riveting and welding area to 0. s , calculated according to the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] In the formula Indicates the comprehensive weighted activity, 2Ai means 2 times Ai, A i-1 Z i-1 Activity of the area; A i+1 Z i+1 The activity level of the area;

[0091] The degree of closure of each air outlet in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, waiting area for processing and debugging area is O s , determined according to the following formula;

[0092]

[0093] Where: CMsmiu The weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet per minute, CMs hour It is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet every hour of the day;

[0094] The operation strategy of the axial flow fan 2 includes the following methods:

[0095] S1, CMt calculated by the smoke sensor 11 in the cantilever rod 3 of the axial flow fan 2 hour Value less than 1mg / m 3 , axial flow fan 2 is turned off;

[0096] S2, CMt hour Values ​​range from 1-2 mg / m 3 When , the power percentage Ot of the axial flow fan 2 is determined according to the following formula, where 100% is the maximum power operation;

[0097]

[0098] S3, when CMt hour Value higher than 2mg / m 3 When , the spacing between the axial flow fans 2 is adjusted, and the spacing between the two adjacent axial flow fans 2 and the target axial flow fan 2 is adjusted. The adjustment spacing amount L is determined according to the following formula:

[0099]

[0100] Formula CMt hour(i-1) ,CMt hour(i+1) The hourly weighted concentration average value measured on the cantilever rod 3 of the adjacent axial flow fan 2;

[0101] maxCMt hour The weighted average value of the laser dust sensor and the gas sensor at the air outlet measured by the smoke sensor 11 on the cantilever rod 3 every hour of the day;

[0102] The infrared temperature sensor and the visual camera are responsible for monitoring the intensity of the welding operation and the activities of the workers respectively. The infrared temperature sensor can detect the heat generated during the welding process, thereby indirectly reflecting the intensity of the welding operation; the visual camera can identify the number of people and activity status in different areas of the workshop, and further analyze the type of welding operation; according to the monitored intensity of the welding operation, the system will automatically adjust the ventilation intensity of the local area, such as increasing the air supply in the area or adjusting the position and angle of the axial flow fan 2, so as to control the welding smoke in the local area and prevent it from spreading to other areas; by strengthening local ventilation, the pollution of welding smoke to the entire workshop can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the demand for global ventilation, and then achieving the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of system operation;

[0103] Divide the tall welding workshop into different areas, analyze the welding operation types in the area according to the characteristics of different areas, and adopt different ventilation layout spacing and air vent closure strategies according to the welding operation types in different areas. Through differentiated ventilation layout, unnecessary ventilation volume can be effectively reduced, and the energy consumption of system operation can be reduced;

[0104] The above advantages are: adopting differentiated ventilation strategies according to the types of welding operations in different areas can effectively reduce system operation energy consumption, improve ventilation efficiency, improve workshop environment, and improve work efficiency. The ventilation strategy can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different welding operation scenarios.

[0105] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to the professional and technical personnel in this field. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0106] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop, characterized in that: Includes return air system, supply air system, axial fan assembly, infrared temperature sensor and visual camera; The return air system includes a return air inlet, a return air duct and a suspension rod, one end of the suspension rod is connected to the top of the workshop steel structure, and the other end is connected to the return air duct. The return air inlet is arranged at the end of the return air duct, and the return air inlet is an electrically adjustable air inlet; An air supply system, comprising air supply outlets, which are arranged on both sides of the welding workshop through air supply ducts; An axial flow fan assembly comprises a column (1), the end of the column (1) being vertically welded to the end of the cross beam (4), a rack (7) and a slide rail groove (8) being arranged above the cross beam (4), a slider (10) being installed inside the slide rail groove (8), and a cantilever rod (3) being connected to one side of the slider (10), an axial flow fan (2) being arranged at the end of the cantilever rod (3), and a smoke sensor (11) being installed near the middle of the cantilever rod (3).

2. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: A base plate (5) is installed at the other end close to the cantilever rod (3), a drive motor (6) is installed on one side of the base plate (5), and the output end of the drive motor (6) is connected to a gear shaft (9) through a coupling, and the gear shaft (9) and the rack (7) are meshed with each other.

3. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial flow fan (2) is installed with a wind direction inclined at 45° along a vertical line.

4. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke sensor (11) comprises a gas sensor and a laser dust sensor. The gas measured by the gas sensor is NOx. The laser dust sensor has a minimum detection value of 0.1 μm.

5. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding block (10) and the sliding rail groove (8) form a sliding structure.

6. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The infrared temperature sensors and visual cameras are arranged alternately on both sides of the factory building in the longitudinal direction, with a spacing of 30m.

7. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the axial flow fan components is set according to the type of work in the welding workshop. They are arranged every 10m in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area, and every 5m in the large part riveting and welding area and the small part riveting and welding area.

8. The ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The return air inlets are arranged at a longitudinal spacing of 15m and a transverse spacing of 10m in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, area for placing parts to be processed and debugging area, and are arranged at a longitudinal spacing of 10m and a transverse spacing of 5m in the large-part riveting and welding area and the small-part riveting and welding area.

9. A ventilation and dust removal system for a large welding workshop according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply outlets are arranged on both sides of the welding workshop with a height of 1.5m. The air supply outlets are connected to the dust removal host through air supply ducts, with a spacing of 15m and a height of 1.5m. The air supply outlets are arranged in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, pending parts placement area and debugging area with a longitudinal spacing of 15m, and in the large part riveting and welding area and the small part riveting and welding area with a longitudinal spacing of 10m and a lateral spacing of 5m.

10. A control method for a ventilation and dust removal system in a large welding workshop according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The closing degree formula of the return air outlet is The following steps are involved: The following formula is further calculated based on the smoke sensor (11) on the cantilever rod (3) (3): CMh miu =0.8Ch NOx +0.2Ch ptic Where: O h is the closing degree of the return air outlet, CMh miu CMh is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the return air outlet every minute. hour It is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and the gas sensor every hour of the day; Ch NOx The return air outlet gas sensor measures NO X Concentration, Ch ptic The solid particle concentration measured by the laser dust sensor at the return air outlet; The air outlet operation strategy includes the following steps: S1. Divide the large and small riveting and welding areas in the welding workshop into several strip areas at intervals of 10m. The intervals correspond to the air outlet intervals and are numbered Z1 Z2…Zn respectively. S2. Identify the welding workload and welding workload type in each area Z1~Zn through infrared temperature sensors, and further calculate the weighted average value K of the welding workload per minute in each area according to the formula miu , the calculation formula is as follows: Where: K a is the number of manual arc welding operations, K b is the number of self-shielded arc welding operations; K c The number of gas shielded arc welding operations; S3. Set the number of workers per minute in each area identified by the visual camera as R miu , and further calculate the activity level A per minute in each area i , where i=1,2,…,n,A i The calculation formula is as follows: S4. Set the closing degree of each air outlet in the large-piece riveting and welding area and the small-piece riveting and welding area to 0. s , calculated according to the following formula: In the formula Indicates the comprehensive weighted activity, 2Ai means 2 times Ai, A i-1 Z i-1 Activity of the area; A i+1 Z i+1 The activity level of the area; The degree of closure of each air outlet in the assembly area, longitudinal seam welding area, waiting area for processing and debugging area is O s , determined according to the following formula; Where: CMs miu The weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet per minute, CMs hour It is the weighted average value measured by the laser dust sensor and gas sensor at the air outlet every hour of the day; The operation strategy of the axial flow fan (2) includes the following methods: S1, CMt calculated by the smoke sensor (11) in the cantilever rod (3) of the axial flow fan (2) hour Value less than 1mg / m 3 , the axial flow fan (2) is turned off; S2, CMt hour Values ​​range from 1-2 mg / m 3 When , the power percentage Ot of the axial flow fan (2) is determined according to the following formula, where 100% is the maximum power operation; S3, when CMt hour Value higher than 2mg / m 3 When the distance between the two adjacent axial flow fans (2) and the target axial flow fan (2) is adjusted, the adjustment distance L is determined according to the following formula: Formula CMt hour(i-1) ,CMt hour(i+1) The hourly weighted concentration average value measured on the cantilever rod (3) of the adjacent axial flow fan (2); maxCMt hour The weighted average value is measured by the smoke sensor (11) on the cantilever rod (3) and the laser dust sensor and the gas sensor at the air outlet every hour of the day.

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