Antennas and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna and electronic device, belonging to the field of communication technology. The antenna of the present disclosure includes: a first substrate and a second substrate; the first substrate includes: a first dielectric substrate, a first reference electrode layer, a first radiating portion, and a feeder group; the first dielectric substrate includes a main substrate and a side substrate; the feeder group includes at least one feeder; one feeder in each feeder group is electrically connected to a first radiating portion, and different feeders are electrically connected to different first radiating portions; the second substrate includes: a second dielectric substrate, a second reference electrode layer, and a feeding structure; the feeding structure is arranged corresponding to the feeder group, and for the corresponding feeding structure and feeder group, a first feeding port in the feeding structure is electrically connected to a feeder in the feeder group through a first connecting via; the first connecting via passes through at least the side substrate, the second reference electrode layer, and the second dielectric substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, and particularly relates to an antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of mobile communication technology, the additional functional attributes of glass windows are becoming increasingly prominent. The integration of antennas and glass windows has become one of the most representative applications. Traditional antennas cannot be made transparent, so when used in conjunction with transparent glass windows, they firstly affect the overall aesthetics of the window. Secondly, due to the strong attenuation of electromagnetic waves by glass, when antennas are closely attached to the window, they cannot effectively radiate electromagnetic energy, ultimately resulting in low antenna gain. Therefore, designing antenna designs that ensure both high gain performance and transparency will become a trend in 5G antenna aesthetics. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an antenna and an electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna, comprising: a first substrate and a second substrate; wherein,

[0005] The first substrate includes:

[0006] a first dielectric substrate comprising a main substrate and a side substrate, wherein the main substrate has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and the side substrate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; the second surface of the main substrate is connected to the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes from the second surface of the main substrate;

[0007] a first reference electrode layer, disposed on the first surface and the fourth surface;

[0008] at least one first radiation portion, disposed on the second surface;

[0009] At least one feeder group, the feeder group including at least one feeder, the feeder being disposed on the second surface and extending toward the third surface, one feeder in each feeder group being electrically connected to a first radiating portion, and different feeders being electrically connected to different first radiating portions;

[0010] The second substrate includes:

[0011] The second dielectric substrate has a fifth surface and a sixth surface disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction thereof; the fifth surface is disposed opposite to the fourth surface;

[0012] A second reference electrode layer is disposed on the fifth surface;

[0013] At least one feeding structure is arranged on the sixth surface, the feeding structure is arranged corresponding to the feed line group, and for the correspondingly arranged feeding structure and the feed line group, a first feeding port in the feeding structure is electrically connected to one of the feed lines in the feed line group through a first connecting via hole; the first connecting via hole at least passes through the side substrate, the second reference electrode layer and the second dielectric substrate.

[0014] The first reference electrode layer includes a first sub-reference electrode and a second sub-reference electrode connected together, the first sub-reference electrode is located on the first surface, and the second sub-reference electrode is located on the fourth surface;

[0015] The second sub-reference electrode is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer;

[0016] The antenna further comprises:

[0017] at least one first opening, passing through the second sub-reference electrode and the second reference electrode layer;

[0018] At least one first connecting electrode is provided on the fifth surface, and one of the first connecting electrodes is located in the first opening, and a second feeding port of the feeding structure is electrically connected to the first connecting electrode through a second connecting via hole; the second connecting via hole at least passes through the second dielectric substrate;

[0019] At least one radio frequency line, a core of the radio frequency line is electrically connected to the first connection electrode through a third connection via hole; the third connection via hole at least passes through the second dielectric substrate.

[0020] Wherein, the antenna further includes:

[0021] at least one second connecting electrode, disposed on the sixth surface and electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer through a fourth connecting via hole penetrating the second dielectric substrate;

[0022] The third connecting via also passes through the second connecting electrode, and the reference electrode layer of the radio frequency line is electrically connected to the second connecting electrode.

[0023] The antenna further includes: a second opening, the second opening passes through the side substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second opening on the plane where the second dielectric substrate is located covers the orthographic projection of the first opening on the plane where the second dielectric substrate is located.

[0024] Among them, the second connecting via and the third connecting via also pass through the first connecting electrode, the first connecting electrode is welded together with the second feeding port hole of the feeding structure through the second connecting via, and the core of the RF line is welded together with the third connecting via through the third connecting via.

[0025] The first feeding port is riveted or welded to the feeding line through the first connecting via through a connecting piece.

[0026] In which, the at least one feeder group includes a first feeder group and a second feeder group; the feeders in the first feeder group are first feeders, and the number is multiple, and the feeders in the second feeder group are second feeders, and the number is multiple; the at least one feeding structure includes a first feeding structure and a second feeding structure; the first feeding structure and the second feeding structure each include a plurality of first feeding ports and one second feeding port, a first feeding port in the first feeding structure is electrically connected to a first feeder, and a first feeding port in the second feeding structure is electrically connected to a second feeder.

[0027] The antenna further includes: at least one director, which is arranged on the second surface. The director is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first radiating portion, and the director is arranged on a side of the corresponding first radiating portion away from the side substrate.

[0028] Wherein, the antenna further includes:

[0029] The third dielectric substrate has a seventh surface and an eighth surface disposed opposite to each other along a thickness direction thereof, wherein the seventh surface is disposed opposite to the second surface with a certain distance therebetween;

[0030] At least one second radiating portion is disposed on the seventh surface or the eighth surface, and an orthographic projection of one second radiating portion and one first radiating portion on the first surface at least partially overlaps.

[0031] Wherein, the antenna further includes:

[0032] A plurality of supporting components are arranged between the second surface and the seventh surface so that a certain distance exists between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

[0033] The support assembly is a height-adjustable support assembly for adjusting the distance between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

[0034] Wherein, the antenna further includes:

[0035] The antenna cover has multiple groups of slide rails on two opposite side walls; the main substrate and the third dielectric substrate can be inserted into different groups of slide rails.

[0036] Wherein, the antenna further includes:

[0037] The antenna cover includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other; a first dielectric substrate provided with a first reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate; and a third dielectric substrate provided with the second radiating portion is arranged on a side of the second substrate close to the first substrate.

[0038] At least one of the first radiating portion, the second radiating portion, the first reference electrode layer and the feeding line comprises a metal mesh.

[0039] The metal grid has a line width of 2-30 μm, a line spacing of 50-250 μm, and a line thickness of 1-10 μm.

[0040] Wherein, the third dielectric substrate includes any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

[0041] Wherein, the first dielectric substrate comprises any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

[0042] Wherein, the second substrate is a printed circuit board.

[0043] In the embodiment, the main substrate and the side substrate are an integrally formed structure.

[0044] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising the antenna described in any one of the above items. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna in an embodiment of the present disclosure without a radome.

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first dielectric substrate in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection between the feed line and the first feeding port of the feeding structure in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sixth surface side of the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure of the fifth surface side of the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the Q1 position in the middle.

[0052] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the sixth surface side of the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 9a Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first radiating portion and the director of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 9b This is a top view of the second radiating portion of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 10 The isolation curve diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a director and does not include a director.

[0056] Figure 11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of fixing a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0057] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A partial enlarged view of the Q2 position in the middle.

[0058] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of fixing another first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of fixing another first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0060] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal grid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0061] Figure 16 for Figure 1 The standing wave pattern of the antenna shown is at 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0062] Figure 17 for Figure 1 The antenna shown is isolated at 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0063] Figure 18 for Figure 1 The gain plot of the antenna shown is at 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0064] Figure 19 for Figure 1The antenna shown has a 0° pattern at 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0065] Figure 20 for Figure 1 The antenna shown has a 90° pattern at 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0066] Figure 21 for Figure 1 The sidelobe and backlobe plots of the antenna shown are at 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0067] Figure 22 for Figure 1 The cross-polarization ratio diagram of the antenna shown is at 2.25-2.45GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one", "an" or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0070] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna comprising a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate is provided with a radiating structure, and the second substrate is provided with a feeding structure for feeding the radiating structure.

[0071] Specifically, Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure without a radome; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first dielectric substrate in the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 1-3As shown, the first substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 10, a first reference electrode layer 13, at least one first radiating portion 11, and at least one feed line group. The first dielectric substrate 10 includes a main substrate 101 and a side substrate 102. The main substrate 101 includes a first surface M1 and a second surface M2 disposed opposite each other along its thickness. The side substrate 102 includes a third surface M3 and a fourth surface M4 disposed opposite each other along its thickness. The second surface M2 of the main substrate 101 and the third surface M3 of the side substrate 102 are connected, and the side substrate 102 protrudes from the main substrate 101. In other words, the main substrate 101 and the side substrate 102 are connected to form an L-shaped first dielectric substrate 10. The first radiating portion 11 is disposed on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 101. The feeder group includes at least one feeder 12, which is arranged on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 101 and extends to the third surface M3 of the side substrate 102 (specifically, it can extend to the third surface M3). One feeder 12 in each feeder group is electrically connected to a first radiating portion 11, and different feeders 12 are electrically connected to different radiating portions. For example, for a feeder group, the feeders 12 and the first radiating portions 11 are connected one-to-one. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, only the direct connection between the feeder 12 in each feeder group and the first radiating portion 11 is taken as an example, but in actual products, the feeder 12 and the first radiating portion 11 can also be electrically connected by any method such as coupling connection.

[0072] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sixth surface side of the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth surface side of the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 5 and 6As shown, the second substrate includes a second dielectric substrate 20, a second reference electrode layer 22, and at least one feeding structure 21. The second dielectric substrate 20 includes a fifth surface M5 and a sixth surface M6 disposed opposite each other along its thickness. The fifth surface M5 of the second dielectric substrate 20 is disposed opposite the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 102. The second reference electrode layer 22 is disposed on the fifth surface M5 of the second dielectric substrate 20, and the feeding structure 21 is disposed on the sixth surface M6 of the second dielectric substrate 20. The feeding structures 21 are connected to the feed line groups in a one-to-one correspondence, meaning that one feeding structure 21 feeds one feed line 12 in one feed line group. Each feeding structure 21 has at least one first feeding port 211 and one second feeding port 212. Each first feeding port 211 in each feeding structure 21 feeds one feed line 12 in one feed line group. In other words, a microwave signal fed into the second feeding port 212 of the feeding structure 21 is fed into the connected feed line 12 through the first feeding port 211. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the feed line 12 extends from the second surface M2 of the main substrate 101 to the third surface M3 of the side substrate 102, and the feeding structure 21 is provided on the sixth surface M6 of the second dielectric substrate 20. The antenna includes a first connection via 1021 that passes through at least the second reference electrode, the second dielectric substrate 20, and the side substrate 102. At this time, the first feeding port 211 of the feeding structure 21 is electrically connected to the corresponding feed line 12 through the first connection via 1021, so as to transmit electromagnetic waves to the first radiating portion 11 electrically connected to the feed line 12.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a main substrate 101 and a side substrate 102 are formed into an L-shaped first dielectric substrate 10. The feed line 12 connected to the first radiating portion 11 extends from the main substrate 101 to the side substrate 102. At the same time, a second substrate is disposed on one side of the side substrate 102. The portion of the feed line 12 located on the side substrate 102 is connected to the first feeding port 211 of the feeding structure 21 on the second substrate through a first connecting via 1021. The first connecting via 1021 is a hole that passes through the second dielectric substrate 20 of the side substrate 102 and the second substrate. In this way, the feed line 12 and the corresponding first feeding port 211 are easily aligned, achieving precise connection and avoiding the problem of incorrect connection.

[0074] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1 In this example, only four first radiating portions 11 are used. In actual products, the number of first radiating portions 11 can be set according to requirements. Since there are four first radiating portions 11, the number of feed lines 12 in a corresponding feed line group is also four, and the number of first feeding ports 211 in each feeding structure 21 is also four, that is, the feeding structure 21 can be a one-to-four power splitter.

[0075] Specifically, the one-to-four power splitter may include a main circuit and four branches, wherein the first end of the main circuit serves as the second feeding port 212, and the second end is connected to the first ends of the four branches, respectively. The second ends of the four branches serve as the first feeding ports 211. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the line widths of the main circuit and the branches may be designed to achieve an impedance of 50Ω at the four first feeding ports 211 of the one-to-four power splitter.

[0076] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In the embodiment of the present disclosure, taking the antenna as a dual-polarized antenna as an example, the antenna includes two feeder groups, namely a first feeder group and a second feeder group. For the convenience of description, the feeder 12 in the first feeder group is referred to as the first feeder 121, and the feeder 12 in the second feeder group is referred to as the second feeder 122. The corresponding feeding structure 21 also includes two, namely the first feeding structure 21a and the second feeding structure 21b. The first feeding structure 21a and the second feeding structure 21b can both be a one-to-four power splitter. Specifically, Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection between a feed line and a first feed port of a feed structure in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 4 As shown, a first feeding port 211 of the first feeding structure 21a is electrically connected to a first feed line 121, and a first feeding port 211 of the second feeding structure 21b is electrically connected to a second feed line 122. A first radiating portion 11 is electrically connected to a first feed line 121 and a second feed line 122. For a first radiating portion 11 and a first feed line 121 and a second feed line 122 electrically connected thereto, the connection node between the first feed line 121 and the first radiating portion 11 is a first node, and the connection node between the second feed line 122 and the first radiating portion 11 is a second node. A line connecting the first node and the center of the first radiating portion 11 is a first line segment, and a line connecting the second node and the center of the first radiating portion 11 is a second line segment. The extension directions of the first line segment and the second line segment intersect, for example, the extension directions of the first line segment and the second line segment are perpendicular to each other. In this case, the antenna can achieve a polarization direction of 0° / 90°.

[0077] Further, continue to refer to Figure 1The dual-polarized antenna in the disclosed embodiment includes not only the aforementioned structure but also a third substrate, which includes a third dielectric substrate 30 and a second radiating portion 31 disposed on the third dielectric substrate 30. Specifically, the third dielectric substrate 30 includes a seventh surface M7 and an eighth surface M8 disposed opposite each other. The second radiating portion 31 can be disposed on either the seventh surface M7 or the eighth surface M8, and a certain distance exists between the seventh surface M7 of the third dielectric substrate 30 and the second surface M2 of the main substrate 101. The orthographic projections of one second radiating portion 31 and one first radiating portion 11 on the plane of the main substrate 101 at least partially overlap. The opposing first radiating portion 11 and second radiating portion 31 increase the radiation area of ​​the radiating unit, thereby effectively improving radiation efficiency.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, only the dual-polarized antenna described above is taken as an example. Since the connection method between the first feeding structure 21a and the first feeder 121, and the connection method between the first feeder 121 and the first radiating portion 11 are the same as the connection method between the second feeding structure 21b and the second feeder 122, and the connection method between the second feeder 122 and the first radiating portion 11, the following description is convenient and will only be described as an example in which only the first feeding structure 21a is electrically connected to the first radiating portion 11 through the first feeder 121.

[0079] In some examples, Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the Q1 position in the middle; Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the sixth surface side of the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 5-8 As shown, the first reference electrode layer 13 in the first substrate includes a first sub-reference electrode and a second sub-reference electrode connected together. The first sub-reference electrode is provided on the first surface M1 of the main substrate 101, and the second sub-reference electrode is provided on the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 102. In this case, the second sub-reference electrode and the second reference electrode layer 22 are in contact and electrically connected. The antenna includes at least one first opening 221 and at least one RF line 40. The number of first openings 221 and RF lines 40 corresponds to the number of feed structures 21. Since the antenna includes two feed structures 21, the number of first openings 221 and RF lines 40 is also two.

[0080] Specifically, both first openings 221 penetrate the first sub-reference electrode and the second reference electrode layer 22, and a first connection electrode 23 is disposed within each of the two first openings 221. The first connection electrode 23 is disposed on the third surface M3 of the second dielectric substrate 20. For the first connection electrode 23 within one of the first openings 221, the second feeding end of the first feeding structure 21a is connected to the first connection electrode 23 via a second connection via 201 that at least penetrates the second dielectric substrate 20. Simultaneously, the first connection electrode 23 is also connected to the core of one RF line 40 via a third connection via 202 that at least penetrates the second dielectric substrate 20. For the first connection electrode 23 within the other first opening 221, the second feeding end of the second feeding structure 21b is connected to the first connection electrode 23 via a second connection via 201 that at least penetrates the second dielectric substrate 20. Simultaneously, the first connection electrode 23 is also connected to the core of another RF line 40 via a third connection via 202 that at least penetrates the second dielectric substrate 20. In this way, one RF line 40 can feed the first feeder 121 through the first feeder 121 structure, and another RF line 40 can feed the second feeder 122 through the second feeding structure 21 b.

[0081] Furthermore, the antenna also includes two second connection electrodes 24 disposed on the second dielectric substrate 20. The two second connection electrodes 24 are respectively connected to the second reference electrode layer 22 via fourth connection vias extending through the second dielectric substrate 20. A third connection via 202, used to electrically connect the core of the RF line 40 and the first connection electrode 23, extends not only through the second dielectric substrate 20 but also through the second connection electrodes 24. The reference electrode layer (e.g., the ground layer) of the RF line 40 is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 22 via the second connection electrodes 24. The number of fourth connection vias electrically connecting each second connection electrode 24 to the second reference electrode layer 22 can be multiple, thereby ensuring a stable connection between the second reference electrode layer 22 and the second connection electrode 24.

[0082] Go further and refer to Figure 3A second opening 1021 is defined on the side substrate 102 of the first dielectric substrate 10. The orthographic projection of the second opening 1021 on the plane of the second dielectric substrate 20 overlaps the orthographic projection of the first opening 221 on the plane of the second dielectric substrate 20. Thus, the second opening 1021 on the side substrate 102 facilitates the connection between the first connection electrode 23 and the second feeding port 212 of the feeding structure 21. In particular, when the feeding port of the feeding structure 21 is welded to the first connection electrode 23, the second opening 1022 at this location on the side substrate 102 prevents a short circuit between the first connection electrode 23 and the first reference electrode layer 13. The second opening 1022 can be a U-shaped opening formed on the side substrate 102, and the orthographic projection of the U-shaped opening on the plane of the second dielectric substrate 20 overlaps the orthographic projections of the two first openings 221 on the plane of the second dielectric substrate 20. The second opening 1022 can also be an annular opening. Of course, the second opening 1022 can also include two sub-openings, each corresponding to the two first openings 221. The sub-opening can be a U-shaped opening or a ring-shaped opening.

[0083] Specifically, the second connection via 201 not only penetrates the second dielectric substrate 20 but also the first connection electrode 23. Simultaneously, the third connection via 202 also penetrates not only the second dielectric substrate 20 but also the first connection electrode 23. The first connection electrode 23 is welded to the second feeding port 212 of the feed structure 21 through the second connection via 201, and the core of the RF line 40 is welded to the third connection via 202 through the third connection via 202. In other words, the second feeding port 212 of the feed structure 21 is welded to the first connection electrode 23, and the RF line 40 is also welded to the first connection electrode 23, resulting in a secure and stable connection.

[0084] In some examples, continue to refer to Figure 4 The first feeding port 211 of the feeding structure 21 and the feed line 12 are connected by a rivet 60 penetrating the first connection via 1021. That is, the first connection via 1021 penetrates the first feeding port 211 and the feed line 12. At this time, the rivet 60 is inserted into the first connection via 1021 to connect the two. Specifically, the first feeding port 211 of the first feeding structure 21a and the first feed line 121 are connected by the rivet 60 penetrating the first connection via 1021. The first feeding port 211 of the second feeding structure 21b and the second feed line 122 are connected by the rivet 60 penetrating the first connection via 1021.

[0085] In some examples, the first feeding port 211 of the feeding structure 21 and the feed line 12 are connected by welding through the first connection via 1021. Specifically, the first feeding port 211 of the first feeding structure 21a and the first feed line 121 are welded together through the first connection via 1021, and the first feeding port 211 of the second feeding structure 21b and the second feed line 122 are welded together through the first connection via 1021.

[0086] In some examples, Figure 9a Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first radiating portion and the director of the antenna in the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 9a As shown, the antenna further includes at least one director 13, which is disposed on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 101 and is disposed one-to-one with the first radiating portion 11 and is located on the side of the first radiating portion 11 away from the side substrate 102. Figure 1 There are four first radiating portions 11, so there are also four directors 13. Each director 13 is used to change the current distribution at the edge of the corresponding first radiating portion 11, so that the current is constrained and more regular, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna. Figure 10 : is an isolation curve diagram of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure including a director and not including a director; Figure 10 As shown, S1 is the isolation curve of the antenna with the director 13, and S2 is the isolation curve of the antenna without the director 13. It can be seen that the introduction of the director 13 significantly improves the antenna.

[0087] Further, Figure 9a Only an exemplary structure of the director 13 is given in the figure, and the director 13 includes a first sub-electrode and a second sub-electrode, the first sub-electrode is located on the side of the first radiating portion 11 away from the side plate, and the second sub-electrode is connected to the side of the first sub-electrode away from the first radiating portion 11. However, it should be understood that the director 13 is not limited to Figure 9a The structure shown can also adopt other structures of the director 13.

[0088] In some examples, the antenna includes not only the aforementioned structure but also a radome 50. The first, second, and third substrates of the antenna are all located within the housing of the radome 50. The first and third substrates are respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the radome 50, for example, by affixing them to the upper and lower surfaces of the radome 50 using optically clear adhesive (OCA). Specifically, the radome 50 includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite each other. The first dielectric substrate 10, provided with the first reference electrode layer 13, is disposed on a side of the first substrate proximate to the second substrate. The third dielectric substrate 30, provided with the second radiating portion 31, is disposed on a side of the second substrate proximate to the first substrate.

[0089] Furthermore, the material of the radome 50 may include plastic, such as polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or acrylic / organic glass (PMMA).

[0090] In some examples, Figure 11 A schematic diagram of fixing a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A local enlarged view of the Q2 position in the middle; Figure 11 and 12 As shown, multiple sets of slide rails 501 are provided on two opposing sides of the radome 50. The main substrate 101 and the third dielectric substrate 30 can be inserted into different slide rails 501 to maintain a certain distance between the main substrate 101 and the third dielectric substrate 30. In this case, the slide rails 501 on the sidewalls of the radome 50 can serve to support the main substrate 101 and the third dielectric substrate 30. Of course, if the number of slide rails 501 is greater than or equal to three, different sets of slide rails 501 can be used to support the main substrate 101 and the third dielectric substrate 30, thereby adjusting the distance between the main substrate 101 and the first dielectric substrate 10. This allows for adjustable relative distance between the first and third substrates in the antenna, thereby enabling the use of a single antenna for multiple frequency bands.

[0091] In some examples, Figure 13 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of fixing the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 13As shown, the distance between the first substrate and the third substrate can also be adjusted by supporting the main substrate 101 of the first dielectric substrate 10 and the third dielectric substrate 30 through a support assembly. The support assembly can be a height-adjustable support assembly for adjusting the distance between the first substrate and the third substrate, that is, adjusting the distance between the first radiating portion 11 and the second radiating portion 31. For example, the adjustment assembly is a rotating screw. Of course, Figure 14 FIG. 1 is another schematic diagram of fixing the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. Figure 14 As shown, the support assembly may also be a plurality of groups of support assemblies with different heights, and the distance between the first substrate and the third substrate can be maintained by selecting different groups of support assemblies.

[0092] Furthermore, the support components can be provided at the four corner positions of the main substrate 101 , thereby achieving stable support for the first substrate and the third substrate.

[0093] In some examples, the first radiating portion 11 and the second radiating portion 31 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and the first radiating portion 11 and the second radiating portion 31 have the same shape. For example, the first radiating portion 11 and the second radiating portion 31 are both circular or polygonal in shape. In one example, the first radiating portion 11 and the second radiating portion 31 are both centrosymmetrical shapes, and the orthographic projections of the first and second radiating portions on the first surface M1 of the main substrate 101 coincide.

[0094] Further, refer to Figure 9a , a raised portion is connected to the first radiating portion 11, and the raised portion and the first radiating portion 11 are an integral structure, and the function of the raised portion is to improve the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna. Among them, the number of raised portions can be two, the two raised portions are connected to the first radiating portion 11, and the two are arranged opposite to each other. For a first radiating portion 11 and the first feeder 121, the second feeder 122 and the two raised portions electrically connected thereto, the connection node between the first feeder 121 and the first radiating portion 11 is the first node, and the connection node between the second feeder 122 and the first radiating portion 11 is the second node. The first node and the second node divide the outline of the first radiating portion 11 into a first part and a second part. One of the two raised portions is connected to the first part, and the other is connected to the second part. Specifically, one raised portion is connected to the center of the first part, and the other raised portion is connected to the center of the second part.

[0095] Figure 9b FIG. 1 is a top view of the second radiating portion of the antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. Figure 9bAs shown, a raised portion is connected to the second radiating portion 31, and the raised portion and the second radiating portion 31 are an integral structure. The purpose of the raised portion is to improve the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna. There can be two raised portions, both of which are connected to the second radiating portion 31 and arranged opposite each other. The raised portion connected to the second radiating portion 31 can correspond to the raised portion connected to the first radiating portion 11. Of course, when the raised portion is connected to the second radiating portion 31, the raised portion can be removed from the first radiating portion 11.

[0096] In some embodiments, the antenna in the disclosed embodiments may be a transparent antenna, in which case the conductive structures on the first and third substrates of the antenna are all transparent structures. Specifically, in the disclosed embodiments, the first reference electrode layer 13, the first radiating portion 11, the second radiating portion 31, the first feed line 121, and the second feed line 122 all employ a metal mesh structure, or are constructed from transparent conductive materials, such as graphene, indium tin oxide, or other transparent materials.

[0097] Further, Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal grid of the embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 15 As shown, when the first reference electrode layer 13, the first radiating portion 11, the second radiating portion 31, the first feed line 121 and the second feed line 122 all adopt a metal grid, the metal grid may include a plurality of first metal wires arranged crosswise and a plurality of second metal wires arranged crosswise. The first metal wires are arranged side by side along the first direction and extend along the second direction; the second metal wires are arranged side by side along the first direction and extend along the third direction. The extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires of the metal grid may be perpendicular to each other, in which case a positive direction or a rectangular hollow portion is formed. Of course, the extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires of the metal grid may be non-perpendicular, for example: the angle between the extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires is 45°, in which case a diamond-shaped hollow portion is formed.

[0098] In some examples, the line width, line thickness, and line spacing of the first metal line 301 and the second metal line of the metal grid are preferably identical, but can also be different. For example, the line width W1 of the first and second metal lines is approximately 1-30 μm, the line spacing W2 is approximately 50-250 μm, and the line thickness is approximately 0.5-10 μm. The metal grid in the disclosed embodiments can be formed on a flexible substrate using processes including, but not limited to, embossing or etching, and then bonded to the first dielectric substrate 10 / third dielectric substrate 30. For example, the first reference electrode layer 13 is formed on the first flexible substrate using processes including, but not limited to, embossing or etching, and the first radiating portion 11 and feed line 12 are formed on the second flexible substrate using processes including, but not limited to, embossing or etching. The first flexible substrate is bonded to the first surface M1 of the main substrate 101 and the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 102, and the second flexible substrate is bonded to the second surface M2 of the main substrate 101 and the third surface M3 of the side substrate 102. The second radiating portion 31 is formed on the third flexible substrate through a process including but not limited to embossing or etching, and the third flexible substrate is bonded to the eighth surface M8 of the third dielectric substrate 30. The first, second, and third flexible substrates can be flexible films made of materials including but not limited to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyimide (PI).

[0099] In some examples, the first dielectric substrate 10 and the third dielectric substrate 30 serve as supports for flexible substrates, where the materials include, but are not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymer (COP), or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Furthermore, the first and second flexible substrates can be bonded to the first dielectric substrate 10 using transparent optical adhesive. Similarly, the third flexible substrate can be bonded to the third dielectric substrate 30 using transparent optical adhesive.

[0100] In some examples, the second substrate is a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0101] In some examples, the antenna in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be a transparent antenna, which can be used in glass window systems including, but not limited to, automobiles, trains (including high-speed trains), airplanes, and buildings. The transparent antenna can be fixed to the inside of the glass window (the side closest to the interior). Due to the high optical transmittance of the transparent antenna, it can achieve communication functions while having a minimal impact on the transmittance of the glass window. Such transparent antennas are also becoming a trend in aesthetically pleasing antennas.

[0102] In order to make the performance of the embodiment of the present disclosure clearer, Figure 1 Taking the antenna shown as an example, simulation is performed when the operating frequency of the antenna is 2.25-2.45 GHz.

[0103] Figure 16 for Figure 1 The standing wave diagram of the antenna shown in FIG. Figure 16 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna has excellent broadband characteristics. In this example, it can cover the 2.25-2.45GHz frequency band under the standard of standing wave ratio less than 1.5, ensuring a wide range of application scenarios for the antenna.

[0104] Figure 17 for Figure 1 The isolation diagram of the antenna shown in the figure is at 2.25-2.45GHz; Figure 17 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna has excellent isolation. In the example, the isolation ratio is less than -24dB, ensuring a wide range of application scenarios for the antenna.

[0105] Figure 18 for Figure 1 The gain diagram of the antenna shown in FIG. Figure 18 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna has excellent gain characteristics. In the example, the gain is greater than 12dBi, ensuring a wide range of application scenarios for the antenna.

[0106] Figure 19 for Figure 1 The antenna shown has a 0° radiation pattern at 2.25-2.45 GHz; Figure 19 As shown, it can be seen that the transparent antenna of the present invention has excellent radiation characteristics. In the example, it has 65±2° at 0° direction, which ensures a wider application scenario of the antenna.

[0107] Figure 20 for Figure 1 The 90° radiation pattern of the antenna shown in FIG. Figure 20 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna has excellent radiation characteristics. In the example, it has 20.5±0.5° at 90° direction, ensuring a wide range of application scenarios for the antenna.

[0108] Figure 21 for Figure 1 The side lobe and back lobe diagram of the antenna shown in the figure at 2.25-2.45GHz; Figure 21 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna has excellent radiation characteristics, the antenna side lobe is less than 15dB, and the back lobe is less than 23dB.

[0109] Figure 22 for Figure 1The cross-polarization ratio diagram of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 at 2.25-2.45 GHz; Figure 22 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna has an excellent cross-polarization ratio, and the axial cross-polarization ratio is greater than 22.

[0110] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes any of the above-mentioned antennas.

[0111] In some examples, the antenna also includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the communication device can be used as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals of at least one frequency band, such as 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, etc., and sends signals of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the communication system receives the signal, it can be processed by the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0112] Furthermore, a radio frequency transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals sent by the transceiver unit or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna and transmit them back to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the radio frequency transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these various types of signals provided by the baseband and then transmit them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver. The receiving circuit transmits the signal to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signal and transmits it to the receiving end.

[0113] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit, which is connected to at least one antenna. When the communication system transmits signals, the signal amplifier is used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the RF transceiver before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the RF transceiver before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, filters out noise, and then transmits them to the antenna, which radiates the signal. When the communication system receives signals, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out noise from the signal received by the antenna and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier amplifies the signal received by the antenna to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal received by the antenna. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier before being transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0114] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, which is not limited herein.

[0115] In some examples, the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, which is connected to a power amplifier to provide the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying a signal.

[0116] It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising: A first substrate and a second substrate; wherein, The first substrate includes: a first dielectric substrate comprising a main substrate and a side substrate, wherein the main substrate has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and the side substrate comprises a third surface and a fourth surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; the second surface of the main substrate is connected to the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes from the second surface of the main substrate; a first reference electrode layer, disposed on the first surface and the fourth surface; at least one first radiation portion, disposed on the second surface; At least one feeder group, the feeder group including at least one feeder, the feeder being disposed on the second surface and extending toward the third surface, one feeder in each feeder group being electrically connected to a first radiating portion, and different feeders being electrically connected to different first radiating portions; The second substrate includes: The second dielectric substrate has a fifth surface and a sixth surface disposed opposite to each other along the thickness direction thereof; the fifth surface is disposed opposite to the fourth surface; A second reference electrode layer is disposed on the fifth surface; At least one feeding structure is arranged on the sixth surface, the feeding structure is arranged corresponding to the feed line group, and for the correspondingly arranged feeding structure and the feed line group, a first feeding port in the feeding structure is electrically connected to one of the feed lines in the feed line group through a first connecting via hole; the first connecting via hole at least passes through the side substrate, the second reference electrode layer and the second dielectric substrate.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first reference electrode layer includes a first sub-reference electrode and a second sub-reference electrode connected together, the first sub-reference electrode is located on the first surface, and the second sub-reference electrode is located on the fourth surface; The second sub-reference electrode is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer; The antenna further comprises: at least one first opening, passing through the second sub-reference electrode and the second reference electrode layer; At least one first connecting electrode is provided on the fifth surface, and one of the first connecting electrodes is located in the first opening, and a second feeding port of the feeding structure is electrically connected to the first connecting electrode through a second connecting via hole; the second connecting via hole at least passes through the second dielectric substrate; At least one radio frequency line, a core of the radio frequency line is electrically connected to the first connection electrode through a third connection via hole; the third connection via hole at least passes through the second dielectric substrate.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein Also includes: at least one second connecting electrode, disposed on the sixth surface and electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer through a fourth connecting via hole penetrating the second dielectric substrate; The third connecting via also passes through the second connecting electrode, and the reference electrode layer of the radio frequency line is electrically connected to the second connecting electrode.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein The antenna further includes a second opening, the second opening passing through the side substrate, and an orthographic projection of the second opening on the plane where the second dielectric substrate is located covers an orthographic projection of the first opening on the plane where the second dielectric substrate is located.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The second connecting via and the third connecting via also pass through the first connecting electrode, the first connecting electrode is welded to the second feeding port hole of the feeding structure through the second connecting via, and the core of the RF line is welded to the third connecting via through the third connecting via. The antenna according to claim 1 , wherein: The first feeding port is riveted or welded to the feeding line through the first connecting via hole by a connecting member.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The at least one feeder group includes a first feeder group and a second feeder group; the feeders in the first feeder group are first feeders, and the number is multiple, and the feeders in the second feeder group are second feeders, and the number is multiple; the at least one feed structure includes a first feed structure and a second feed structure; the first feed structure and the second feed structure each include a plurality of first feed ports and one second feed port, one first feed port in the first feed structure is electrically connected to one first feeder, and one first feed port in the second feed structure is electrically connected to one second feeder.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein Also includes: At least one director is disposed on the second surface, the director is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the first radiating portion, and the director is disposed on a side of the corresponding first radiating portion away from the side substrate.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: Also includes: The third dielectric substrate has a seventh surface and an eighth surface disposed opposite to each other along a thickness direction thereof, wherein the seventh surface is disposed opposite to the second surface with a certain distance therebetween; At least one second radiating portion is disposed on the seventh surface or the eighth surface, and an orthographic projection of one second radiating portion and one first radiating portion on the first surface at least partially overlaps.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein Also includes: A plurality of supporting components are arranged between the second surface and the seventh surface so that a certain distance exists between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion. The antenna according to claim 10 , wherein: The support assembly is a height-adjustable support assembly for adjusting the distance between the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion.

12. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein Also includes: The antenna cover has multiple groups of slide rails on two opposite side walls; the main substrate and the third dielectric substrate can be inserted into different groups of slide rails.

13. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein Also includes: The radome comprises a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other; The first dielectric substrate provided with the first reference electrode layer is arranged on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate; the third dielectric substrate provided with the second radiation portion is arranged on a side of the second substrate close to the first substrate.

14. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein At least one of the first radiating portion, the second radiating portion, the first reference electrode layer, and the feeding line includes a metal mesh.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, wherein The metal grid has a line width of 2-30 μm, a line spacing of 50-250 μm, and a line thickness of 1-10 μm.

16. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein The third dielectric substrate includes any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

17. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first dielectric substrate includes any one of polycarbonate plastic, cycloolefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

18. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The second substrate is a printed circuit board.

19. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The main substrate and the side substrate are an integrally formed structure.

20. An electronic device comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

Images