A flower and fruit-protecting pesticide composition, preparation and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, specifically a flower and fruit preservation pesticide composition, formulation, and application thereof. The active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, with the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron being (1.25-25):1. The combined action of the pesticide composition can enhance the flower and fruit preservation efficacy of plants and improve crop quality, while being harmless and having wide adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a flower and fruit protecting pesticide composition, a preparation and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the fruit trees have insufficient nutritional reserves and the young fruits are underdeveloped, if the flowers and fruits are not protected in time, the trees will have difficulty setting fruit or will set fruit but the fruit will be underdeveloped, greatly reducing the yield of the fruit trees.

[0003] Existing technologies often use spraying plant growth regulators to protect flowers and fruits. However, while using a single plant growth regulator to protect flowers and fruits has a certain effect and increases the number of fruits, the weight or quality of each fruit cannot be improved. Secondly, different crops have different sensitivities to plant growth regulators, and the current use of existing plant growth regulators requires high technical requirements. For example, pears are more sensitive to gibberellin (920) than apples, and different varieties of jujube trees have different responses to gibberellin (920). The applicable concentration range of 2,4-D is narrow, and phytotoxicity can easily occur if not handled with caution. Improper use of plant growth regulators may lead to phytotoxicity or poor results, and may also reduce crop yield and quality, limiting their scope of application.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a plant growth regulator composition that has wide adaptability, no phytotoxicity, good flower and fruit protection effects, and can improve crop quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a flower and fruit protection pesticide composition, formulation, and application thereof. The present invention combines sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron to enhance flower and fruit protection and improve crop quality, without phytotoxicity and with wide adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, wherein the active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, and the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (1.25-25):1.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (2.5-10):1.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is any one of 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1, 2.5:1, 1.25:1, 0.625:1 or a value between two of them.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide formulation for protecting flowers and fruits, the pesticide formulation comprising the pesticide composition and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0011] The auxiliary materials include any one or more of solvents, additives, wetting agents, dispersants, antifreeze agents, thickeners, disintegrants, fillers, and nutritional elements.

[0012] The dosage form of the pesticide preparation includes any one of a soluble solution, a suspending agent, a soluble powder, and a water-dispersible granule.

[0013] The wetting agent is selected from one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine and isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0014] The thickener is selected from any one or more of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0015] The dispersant is selected from any one or more of SP-SC3219, SP-SC3275, and purified water.

[0016] The filler is selected from any one or more of corn starch and diatomaceous earth.

[0017] The nutrient elements are selected from any one or more of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, tripotassium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium phosphite, and borax pentahydrate.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the pesticide composition in promoting the preservation of flowers and fruits of crops.

[0019] Preferably, the crop is selected from any one of green pepper, large-leaf wax apple, lychee, lemon, and ginseng fruit.

[0020] Preferably, the application concentration of sodium chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5-10 mg / L, and the application concentration of thidiazuron is 0.1-8 mg / L.

[0021] More preferably, the application concentration of sodium chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5 mg / L, and the application concentration of thidiazuron is 0.5-2 mg / L.

[0022] Preferably, the crop is Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and the pesticide composition is applied during the Zanthoxylum bungeanum flowering period.

[0023] Preferably, the crop is big-leaf wax apple, and the pesticide composition is applied during the white belly stage of the big-leaf wax apple.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate is a synthetic phenoxyacetic acid compound with auxin activity. It can be absorbed by the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of plants. It has a long duration of biological activity and can stimulate cell division and tissue differentiation, stimulate ovary expansion, induce parthenocarpy, form seedless fruits, promote fruit setting and fruit expansion. Thidiazuron is a urea plant growth regulator, belonging to heterocyclic aromatic ureas, which can promote cell division and plant growth. The present invention uses sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thiazuron in a composite form, and finds that the increase in flower and fruit retention rate and yield of various crops has a synergistic effect, while also ensuring the quality of crops, and the medicament has no phytotoxicity and is highly safe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0027] Source of raw materials:

[0028] Sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate, molecular formula C8H6ClNaO3, provided by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.

[0029] Thidiazuron, molecular formula C9H8N4OS, provided by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.

[0030] CAB35 cocamidopropyl betaine—purchased from Chengdu Kehongda Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0031] SP-SC3275 polycarboxylate modified—purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0032] SP-SC3219 naphthalenesulfonate modified product was purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0033] Example 1 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate-thidiazuron soluble solution

[0034] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 1, thidiazuron is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide or N-methylpyrrolidone, Tween 80 is added and stirred evenly, CAB35 or isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is added and stirred evenly, water is added, and finally sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate is added and stirred to dissolve.

[0035] Table 1

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Example 2 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate-thidiazuron suspension

[0039] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 2, thidiazuron, SP-SC3219, SP-SC3275, and purified water were first stirred evenly and then homogenized with a high-speed dispersant for 10 minutes; the slurry was then transferred to a sand mill and sand milled for 30 minutes; sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate was then added and stirred to dissolve for 30 minutes; xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate were then added to ethylene glycol in sequence and evenly dispersed, mixed and swollen with 5% by mass of water, and added to the sand milling solution; finally, the mixture was homogenized with a high-speed dispersant for 15 minutes to obtain a sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate-thidiazuron suspension concentrate.

[0040] Table 2

[0041]

[0042] Example 3: Test on the Compound of Sodium p-Chlorophenoxyacetate and Thidiazuron with Zanthoxylum bungeanum

[0043] Test period: April 29, 2023 - June 15, 2023

[0044] Test location: Pingchuan Gas Station, Pingchuan Town, Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

[0045] Test object: Green pepper. Management level: The test trees have a growth cycle of 4 years and the overall growth is average. No flower-preserving and fruit-promoting pesticides are used on the test trees. Only disease and insect pest prevention is carried out. No other diseases and insect pests occur. The soil type is sandy loam.

[0046] Test agents: The treatment concentrations of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron as single agents and in combination are shown in Table 3.

[0047] Control drug: 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution.

[0048] Usage: Treat 2 trees each time. On April 29, 2023, spray the entire plant during the flowering period of the green pepper, with a liquid dosage of about 500ml per plant.

[0049] Test basis: Reference is made to GB / T 17980.145-2004 Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides (II) Part 145 Test on Plant Growth Regulators to Promote Flowering and Fruit Set of Fruit Trees, and NY / T 2061.5-2016 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides Part 5 - Determination of the Combined Effect of Mixtures.

[0050] Experimental observation: Three days after application, no spots, burns, curling, or falling of leaves were observed, and no spots, burns, or falling of young fruits were observed.

[0051] Data Statistical Analysis: For each treatment group, five branches of similar length and thickness, facing the same direction, were randomly selected from each tree and marked. Fruit retention rates were calculated for each treatment, and the average value was calculated. The yield per tree was calculated for each treatment concentration, and the yield per mu and yield increase rate were calculated (plant spacing was 2.8 m × 2.8 m, with 85 plants per mu). Analysis was performed using DPS6.55 (Duncan) statistical software. The fruit retention rate (C1) and yield increase rate (C2) were calculated based on the experimental data.

[0052] Fruit retention rate (%) = number of fruits before harvest / number of fruits before application × 100%;

[0053] Yield increase rate (%) = (yield of treatment group - yield of control group) / yield of control group × 100%

[0054] Evaluation Method: The theoretical E1 and E2 after mixing were calculated using the Gowing formula. The actual measured C1 and C2 after mixing were compared with the theoretical indices E1 and E2 calculated using the Gowing formula. Actual values ​​exceeding the theoretical values ​​by 10% indicated a synergistic effect, actual values ​​exceeding the theoretical values ​​by between 0% and 10% indicated an additive effect, and actual values ​​less than the theoretical values ​​indicated an antagonistic effect. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. The Gowing formula is calculated as follows: Gowing formula: E = x + y - xy / 100; x and y are the actual increase rates obtained when each component is used alone.

[0055] Table 3 Fruit retention and yield test after application of each single agent or combination to green pepper

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Table 4 Crop quality test after application of each single agent or combination to green pepper

[0059]

[0060] As can be seen from Table 3, the compound of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron of the present invention has better fruit preservation and yield-increasing effects than single agents, wherein, at a mass ratio of (1.25-25):1, it has an additive or synergistic effect on the fruit preservation and yield increase of green pepper; further, at a mass ratio of (2.5-10):1, it has a synergistic effect on the fruit preservation and yield increase of green pepper. In terms of fruit preservation rate and yield increase rate indicators, when used as a single agent, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate 10 mg / L is better than 5 mg / L, and thidiazuron 4 mg / L has the best effect; after compound use, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate 5 mg / L and thidiazuron 1-2 mg / L have significantly improved fruit preservation rate and yield increase rate indicators compared to single agents. Thus, after compounding, the present invention can achieve better fruit preservation and yield increase effects using smaller amounts of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron.

[0061] As can be seen from Table 4, the combination of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine of the present invention can increase the content of nausea, water content and non-volatile ether extract compared with the single agent, which is basically consistent with the control group. It can be seen that the composition does not reduce the quality of green pepper while increasing the yield.

[0062] As described above, the use of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron composition of the present invention can promote the fruit preservation effect of green pepper while reducing the dosage of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, increase yield, and ensure crop quality.

[0063] Example 4: Test on the Compound of Sodium p-Chlorophenoxyacetate and Thidiazuron on Large-leaf Wax Apple

[0064] Trial period: November 17, 2023 to December 8, 2023

[0065] Test location: Dalu Town, Hainan Province

[0066] Test object: Big-leaf wax apple Management level: The flower buds are in the white belly stage, there are no obvious diseases and insects in the garden, there are a few weeds in the garden, the test plants all have a small amount of purple-red new leaves, the fertilizer and water management conditions are good, and the soil is sandy loam.

[0067] Experimental Reagents and Treatment Periods: Wax apple trees of similar age, shape, and vigor were selected, and one tree was treated with each treatment concentration. The treatment concentrations of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfurylaminopurine, both alone and in combination, are shown in Table 5. A 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution was used as the control agent. Treatments were performed on the fruit clusters of the plants when they were at the white belly stage, using approximately 7.5 kg of solution per plant.

[0068] Test basis: Reference is made to GB / T 17980.145-2004 Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides (II) Part 145 Test on Plant Growth Regulators to Promote Flowering and Fruit Set of Fruit Trees, and NY / T 2061.5-2016 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides Part 5 - Determination of the Combined Effect of Mixtures.

[0069] Experimental Observations: Safety: No curling, deformity, or yellowing of leaves, nor any bud deformity or flower drop. Data Statistical Analysis: Five branches were randomly selected from each tree in each treatment group. The flower retention rate, fruit retention rate, and first-grade fruit rate for each branch were calculated, and the average values ​​were calculated. The yield per tree was measured for each treatment concentration, and the per-acre yield and yield increase rate were calculated (plant spacing 4m x 5m, 33 plants per acre).

[0070] The statistical software DPS6.55 (Duncan) was used for analysis. The flower retention rate C1, fruit retention rate C2, yield increase rate and first-grade fruit rate were calculated based on the experimental data.

[0071] Flower retention rate, % = the number of wax apple flowers counted in the second count / the number of wax apple flowers counted in the first count × 100%;

[0072] Fruit retention rate, % = number of fruits set / number of wax apple flowers counted for the first time × 100%;

[0073] The first count of wax apple flowers is to count the number of flowers on the marked branches on the day of drug application; the second count of flowers is to count the number of flowers on the marked branches 5 days after drug application;

[0074] Yield increase rate, % = (yield of treatment group - yield of control group) / yield of control group × 100%

[0075] First-grade fruit rate (%) = number of first-grade fruits / total number of fruits × 100% (first-grade fruit, single fruit weight ≥ 100g; second-grade fruit, single fruit weight 80-100g; small fruit, ≤ 60g).

[0076] Table 5 Tests on the application of single agents or combinations in wax apple flower and fruit preservation

[0077]

[0078] As can be seen from Table 5, the composition prepared by sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron of the present invention has a synergistic effect on flower and fruit preservation of large-leaf wax apples at a mass ratio of (1.25-10):1, which can improve the flower and fruit preservation rate, increase per mu yield, and improve fruit quality.

[0079] Example 5 Drug Safety Evaluation

[0080] Purpose of the test: To verify the safety of flower and fruit preservation on various crops

[0081] Test period: January 2024 to June 2024

[0082] Test subjects and locations: Lychee - Baomiyuan, Huangzhu Town, Ding'an County, Hainan Province; Lemon - Baizi Town, Tongnan District, Chongqing City; Ginseng fruit - Shangxinmin Village, Wujiepu Town, Luxi County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Treatment: Lychee - March 14, 2024. Usage: Foliar spray, before and after the fruit "splits" during the plant's growth period. Liquid dosage: 7.5kg / plant

[0083] Lemon (Eureka)—April 19, 2024; Usage: Spray on the entire plant's leaves; Plant growth period: 80% of flowers have faded; dosage: 2-3L / plant

[0084] Ginseng Fruit - June 21, 2024, Usage: Foliar spray, Liquid dosage: 15kg / mu. Safety evaluation:

[0085] “+” The leaves have any of the following phenomena: slight curling, deformity, yellowing, spots, etc., which can recover on their own and will not affect fruit setting and growth.

[0086] “++” The leaves have any of the following phenomena: curling, deformity, yellowing, spots, etc., and cannot resume growth, but it does not affect fruit setting and fruit growth.

[0087] "+++" means the leaves are curled, deformed, yellowed, spotted, etc., the fruits are deformed, or they are seedless, fall off, or are not full.

[0088] Table 6 Safety evaluation of each single agent or combination in the flower and fruit protection test

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] As can be seen from Table 6, the pesticide preparation prepared from the composition of the present invention did not cause any phytotoxicity when applied to a variety of crops, indicating that the composition of the present invention has wide adaptability and high safety.

[0092] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, and the mass ratio of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (2.5-10):

1.

2. A pesticide formulation for protecting flowers and fruits, characterized in that: The pesticide preparation comprises the pesticide composition according to claim 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

3. The pesticide formulation according to claim 2, characterized in that The dosage form of the pesticide preparation includes any one of a soluble solution, a suspending agent, a soluble powder, and a water-dispersible granule.

4. The pesticide formulation according to claim 2, characterized in that The auxiliary materials include any one or more of solvents, wetting agents, dispersants, antifreeze agents, thickeners, disintegrants, fillers, and nutritional elements.

5. Use of the pesticide composition according to claim 1 in promoting the preservation of flowers and fruits of crops.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The crop is selected from any one of green pepper, large-leaf wax apple, lychee, lemon, and ginseng fruit.

7. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The application concentration of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5-10 mg / L, and the application concentration of thidiazuron is 0.1-8 mg / L.

8. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The crop is Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and the pesticide composition is applied during the Zanthoxylum bungeanum flowering period.

9. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that The crop is big-leaf wax apple, and the pesticide composition is applied during the white belly stage of the big-leaf wax apple.

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