Thermal management system and new energy automobile

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management system and a new energy automobile, the thermal management system comprises: a main circulation flow path comprising a heat exchanger, a liquid cooling plate and a water pump which are connected through a liquid circulation pipe, the heat exchanger exchanges heat of a liquid in the liquid circulation pipe to the outside, the liquid cooling plate is arranged corresponding to an object to be subjected to heat exchange, and the water pump is connected with the main circulation flow path; the liquid cooling plate is used for cooling liquid in the liquid circulating pipe and then exchanging heat with an object to be subjected to heat exchange; the water pump is used for pumping the liquid flowing out of the liquid cooling plate into the heat exchanger; and the buffering circulation flow paths are arranged at the two ends of the water pump and used for conducting bypass circulation when the main circulation flow path is blocked, and conducting flow compensation or pressure compensation on an inlet of the water pump when the liquid volume of the main circulation flow path suddenly changes. By means of the buffering circulation flow path, bypass circulation can be achieved when the system is blocked, pressure and flow are balanced when the water pump is started and stopped, the safety of the system is improved, the service life of the system is prolonged, and the whole system is small in size, not prone to damage, low in product price and easy to install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a thermal management system and a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of new energy vehicles, high-power charging, discharging and equipment heat generation are gradually increasing, and thermal management is particularly important. Among them, the thermal management system is mainly liquid-cooled, that is, liquid circulation system.

[0003] In the related art, an expansion tank is usually installed in the liquid circulation system to compensate for volume changes and solve its safety, and a buffer water tank is also installed to balance the hydraulic force and solve its stability. This will lead to a larger system size, and exhaust valves are required at the high points of the system to ensure the performance of the water pump and the liquid circulation flow. Such a large number of components undoubtedly increases the volume of the system and inevitably increases the cost. Even so, during the operation of the system, it also requires frequent maintenance and adjustment. For example, the radiator needs to be frequently vented, and the air conditioning water system needs to be frequently replenished. The system manufacturing cost and the use and maintenance cost are high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is to solve the above technical problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal management system.

[0005] The invention also provides a new energy vehicle.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention proposes a thermal management system, comprising: a main circulation flow path, wherein the main circulation flow path includes a heat exchanger, a liquid cooling plate and a water pump connected by a liquid circulation pipe, the heat exchanger exchanges the heat of the liquid in the liquid circulation pipe to the outside, the liquid cooling plate is arranged corresponding to the object to be heat exchanged, the liquid cooling plate is used to cool the liquid in the liquid circulation pipe and then exchange heat with the object to be heat exchanged, and the water pump is used to pump the liquid flowing out of the liquid cooling plate into the heat exchanger; a buffer circulation flow path, wherein the buffer circulation flow path is arranged at both ends of the water pump, and the buffer circulation flow path is used to perform bypass circulation when the main circulation flow path is blocked, and to perform flow compensation or pressure compensation at the inlet of the water pump when the liquid volume in the main circulation flow path suddenly changes.

[0008] The thermal management system proposed in the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer circulation flow path includes: a water tank; an exhaust buffer pipe, one end of the exhaust buffer pipe is connected to the inlet of the water pump, and the other end of the exhaust buffer pipe is connected to the upper interface of the water tank, and the exhaust buffer pipe is used to discharge the gas in the main circulation flow path through the upper interface; a liquid compensation pipe, one end of the liquid compensation pipe is connected to the lower interface of the water tank, and the other end of the liquid compensation pipe is connected to the outlet of the water pump.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid compensation pipe is specifically used for: when the water pump is stopped, the liquid at the inlet of the water pump is depressurized into the water tank, and the liquid in the water tank flows back to the outlet of the water pump through the exhaust buffer pipe; and when the water pump is started, the flow at the inlet of the water pump is compensated.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer circulation flow path also includes: a water tank cover, which is arranged corresponding to the water tank, and is provided with an exhaust valve and a vacuum valve. The exhaust valve opens when the pressure inside the water tank is higher than a first set pressure to discharge the gas in the water tank to the outside, and the vacuum valve opens when the pressure inside the water tank is lower than a second set pressure to allow external air to enter above the water tank, and the first set pressure is greater than the second set pressure.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the water tank is provided with a maximum liquid filling scale and a minimum liquid filling scale, and the maximum liquid filling scale and the minimum liquid filling scale are engraved between the upper interface and the lower interface of the water tank, and the water level of the water tank is between the maximum liquid filling scale and the minimum liquid filling scale.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the object to be heat exchanged includes: a charging module.

[0014] The present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, comprising the thermal management system of the present invention.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The present invention can bypass the circulation when the system is blocked by buffering the circulation flow path, balance the pressure and flow when the water pump is started and stopped, prevent water hammer, and improve the safety and service life of the system. The entire system does not have traditional large-scale buffer water tanks, expansion tanks, exhaust valves and other components. The system structure is simple, compact and small in size. The components used in the entire system are all mechanical structures, which are not easy to damage. The product price is low and the installation is simple, which reduces the material cost, production cost and maintenance cost of the product.

[0017] The main circulation channel does not come into contact with the gas, and no gas-liquid mixing will occur even at high-speed operation, which greatly increases the life of the water pump, improves the flow and efficiency of the entire system, avoids corrosion and oxidation of pipeline and machine connectors, and ensures stable operation of the system.

[0018] The exhaust buffer pipe of the buffer circulation flow path can automatically exhaust the gas, effectively reducing the system noise and improving the stability, safety and economy of the system. The liquid compensation pipe of the buffer circulation flow path can connect the water tank with the main circulation flow channel. When the liquid volume in the main circulation pipeline changes, the flow compensation or pressure compensation at the inlet of the water pump can be performed through this pipe compensation. The buffer circulation flow path is equipped with a conventional water tank and water tank cover. The reserved space in the water tank can compensate for the space caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the liquid, and the water tank cover can control the gas entry and discharge of the water tank, balance the pressure of the entire system, and prevent liquid loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a Moody diagram of an exhaust buffer tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1As shown, the thermal management system includes: a main circulation flow path 100 and a buffer circulation flow path 200, wherein the main circulation flow path 100 includes a heat exchanger 1, a liquid cooling plate 2 and a water pump 3 connected by a liquid circulation pipe, the heat exchanger 1 exchanges the heat of the liquid in the liquid circulation pipe to the outside, the liquid cooling plate 2 is arranged corresponding to the object to be heat exchanged 4, the liquid cooling plate 2 is used to cool the liquid in the liquid circulation pipe and then exchange heat with the object to be heat exchanged 4, the water pump 3 is used to pump the liquid flowing out of the liquid cooling plate 2 into the heat exchanger 1; the buffer circulation flow path 200 is arranged at both ends of the water pump 3, the buffer circulation flow path 200 is used to bypass the main circulation flow path 100 when it is blocked, and to perform flow compensation or pressure compensation at the inlet of the water pump 3 when the liquid volume of the main circulation flow path 100 changes suddenly.

[0024] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the main circulation flow path 100 of the thermal management system is a 1-2-4-3-1 closed circulation system. 1, 2, and 3 are connected by a liquid circulation pipe. The heat exchanger 1 exchanges the heat of the circulating liquid to the outside world, and the cooled low-temperature liquid flows through the liquid cooling plate 2, and the liquid cooling plate 2 exchanges heat with the object to be heat exchanged. The high-temperature liquid after absorbing heat returns to the heat exchanger 1 through the water pump 3. The main circulation flow path 100 does not contact the gas, and will not produce gas-liquid mixing under high-speed operation, avoiding corrosion and oxidation of pipeline machine connectors, ensuring the stable operation of the system, greatly improving the life of the water pump, and also improving the flow and heat exchange efficiency of the entire system. Buffer circulation flow paths 200 are set at both ends of the water pump 3. The buffer circulation flow path 200 can bypass the circulation when the system is blocked. When the liquid volume of the main circulation flow path suddenly changes, such as when the water pump 3 is started and stopped, the buffer circulation flow path 200 can perform flow compensation or pressure compensation at the inlet of the water pump to prevent water hammer and improve the safety and service life of the system. Moreover, the entire system does not have traditional large buffer water tanks, expansion tanks, exhaust valves and other components. The system structure is simple, compact and small in size. The components used in the entire system are all mechanical structures, which are not easy to damage. The product price is low and the installation is simple, which reduces the material cost, production cost and maintenance cost of the product.

[0025] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the buffer circulation flow path 200 includes: a water tank 5, an exhaust buffer pipe 6 and a liquid compensation pipe 7. One end of the exhaust buffer pipe 6 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 3, and the other end of the exhaust buffer pipe 6 is connected to the upper interface of the water tank 5. The exhaust buffer pipe 6 is used to discharge the gas in the main circulation flow path through the upper interface; one end of the liquid compensation pipe 7 is connected to the lower interface of the water tank 5, and the other end of the liquid compensation pipe 7 is connected to the outlet of the water pump 3.

[0026] Furthermore, the liquid compensation pipe 7 is specifically used for: when the water pump 3 is shut down, the liquid at the inlet of the water pump 3 is depressurized into the water tank 5, and the liquid in the water tank 5 flows back to the outlet of the water pump 3 through the exhaust buffer pipe 6; and when the water pump 3 is started, the flow at the inlet of the water pump 3 is compensated.

[0027] Specifically, the position of the upper interface of the water tank 5 is higher than the position of the lower interface of the water tank 5. When the water pressure in the main circulation flow is unbalanced, for example, the water pump 3 suddenly stops working, the inlet pipe of the water pump 3 will have an increased impact force due to inertia, and a vacuum will be formed at the outlet of the water pump 3. At this time, the liquid at the inlet of the water pump 3 can be depressurized into the water tank 5 through the liquid compensation pipe 7. At this time, the liquid in the water tank 5 can flow back to the outlet of the water pump 3 through the exhaust buffer pipe 6; when the water pump 3 is started, the liquid in the water tank 5 compensates the flow at the inlet of the water pump 3 through the liquid compensation pipe 7. In this way, the flow or pressure of the main circulation flow can be compensated when the water pump is started and stopped to ensure the safety of the system.

[0028] In an embodiment of the invention, Figure 2 As shown, the buffer circulation flow path 200 also includes: a water tank cover 8, which is set corresponding to the water tank 5, and is provided with an exhaust valve and a vacuum valve. The exhaust valve is opened when the pressure inside the water tank 5 is higher than the first set pressure (for example, 40kPa) to discharge the gas in the water tank 5 to the outside, and the vacuum valve is opened when the pressure inside the water tank is lower than the second set pressure (for example, -10kPa) to allow external air to enter the top of the water tank, and the first set pressure is greater than the second set pressure. In this way, the water tank pressure can be balanced.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermal management system includes: a water tank is provided with a maximum liquid filling scale and a minimum liquid filling scale, the water tank is provided with a maximum liquid filling scale and a minimum liquid filling scale between the upper interface and the lower interface of the water tank, and the water level of the water tank is between the maximum liquid filling scale and the minimum liquid filling scale.

[0030] Specifically, the minimum liquid filling scale can ensure that the main circulation flow path 100 is still closed and full of liquid and flows normally when the liquid shrinks and the volume decreases under low temperature conditions, and the maximum liquid filling scale ensures that the total volume change of the system will not exceed the reserved volume of the water tank when the liquid expands and the volume increases under high temperature conditions, thereby ensuring the safety of the system. The water tank reserves a certain space, which also plays a buffering role when the system is hydraulically unbalanced.

[0031] As an application scenario, the object 4 to be heat exchanged may include: a charging module, or other thermal management scenarios.

[0032] The theoretical calculation of the thermal management system of the present invention is as follows:

[0033] (1) Design of exhaust buffer pipe 6 (only considering the resistance along the layer, ignoring others):

[0034] When the ratio of the flow rate Q1 of the exhaust buffer pipe 6 to the flow rate Q2 of the main circulation flow path is less than the set value K, it is considered that the exhaust buffer pipe 6 basically meets the requirement of hindering the flow of liquid. The layer resistance of the exhaust buffer pipe 6 is h f1 , the layer resistance of the main circulation flow path is h f2 The system of the present invention is a parallel system. The loss of the parallel pipeline is equal to the loss of each segment, that is, h f1 =h f2 The state of the exhaust buffer tube 6 is determined according to the Reynolds number Re and the loss coefficient λ along the layer is confirmed.

[0035] Refer to the following formula and Figure 3 The Moody diagram of the exhaust buffer tube shown confirms the loss coefficient λ along the layers: Figure 3 The middle horizontal axis represents the Reynolds number Re, the left vertical axis is λ, and the right vertical axis represents ε / d, ε is the absolute roughness of the pipe wall, d is the pipe diameter, Re=ρdv / u, v, ρ, μ are the flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient of the fluid in the pipe respectively. When Re≤2320, it is laminar flow, λ=64 / Re; when 2320<Re<4000, it is a transition zone, which can be laminar flow or turbulent flow; when 4000<Re<26.98(d / ε) 8 / 7 When , it is the transition zone of turbulent smooth tube, λ=0.316 / Re 0.25 ; When 26.98(d / ε) 8 / 7 <Re<2308(d / ε) 0.85 When, it is the turbulent rough pipe transition zone, 1 / λ 1 / 2 =1.42[lg(Re*d / ε)]; when 2308(d / ε) 0.85 When <Re, it is the transition zone of square resistance of turbulent rough pipe, 1 / λ 1 / 2 =2*lg(d / 2ε)+1.74.

[0036] According to the Darcy-Weisbach formula: l is the length of the pipeline, v is the flow rate of the fluid in the pipe, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the velocity of the fluid in the pipe, f is the layer resistance.

[0037] h f1 =h f2 , that is, λ1*(l1 / d1)*v12 / 2g=λ2*(l2 / d2)*v22 / 2g, λ1 is the loss coefficient along the layer of the exhaust buffer tube, l1 is the length of the exhaust buffer tube, v1 is the flow velocity of the fluid in the exhaust buffer tube, d1 is the diameter of the exhaust buffer tube, λ2 is the loss coefficient along the layer of the main circulation flow path, l2 is the length of the main circulation flow path, v2 is the flow velocity of the fluid in the main circulation flow path tube, and d2 is the diameter of the main circulation flow path.

[0038] And v1=Q1 / [π*(d1 / 2) 2 ],v2=Q2 / [π*(d2 / 2) 2 ], Q1 / Q2<K, that is: (λ2*l2*d1 5 ) / (λ1*l1*d2 5 )<K 2 Therefore: l1>(λ2*l2*d1 5 ) / (K 2 λ1*d2 5 ).

[0039] For example: L2 = 10m, d2 = 0.016m, v2 = 1.5m / s, d1 = 0.002m; if K is 0.02, which is in line with the system design, L1 should be no less than 0.055m to meet the above conditions. The specific calculation ideas are as follows:

[0040] K = 0.02, then v1 = KQ2 / [π*(d1 / 2) 2 ]=0.64m / s;

[0041] Re1=ρd1v1 / u=1430,λ1=64 / Re1=64u / ρdv=0.0448,Re1 is the Reynolds number of the exhaust buffer pipe; Re2=ρd2v2 / u=8938,4000<Re2<26.98(d2 / ε) 8 / 7 (ε is taken as 0.1mm), Re2 is the Reynolds number of the main circulation flow path.

[0042] That is, in the transition zone between turbulent flow and smooth pipe, λ2=0.316 / Re2 0.25 =0.0325; l1>(λ2*l2*d1 5 ) / (0.002 2 λ1*d2 5 );

[0043] From the above, we can get: l1>(0.0325*10*0.002 5 ) / (0.02 2 *0.0448*0.016 5 ), that is, l1>0.055m.

[0044] (2) Design of water tank:

[0045] V1 is the volume of fluid required by the system, V2 is the minimum scale volume of the water tank, V3 is the maximum scale volume of the water tank, and V is the volume of the water tank. ρ1 is the density of the lowest temperature of the system, and ρ2 is the density of the highest temperature of the system. To ensure that the volume of fluid required for the lowest temperature of the system is V1, when the density at the highest temperature is ρ2, the fluid is at the minimum scale volume V2 of the water tank. At this time, it is still normal when the temperature drops, that is: (V1+V2)ρ2≥V1ρ1, then V2≥V1(ρ1-ρ2) / ρ2. To ensure that the water flow does not overflow the water tank at the highest temperature of the system, when the density at the lowest temperature is ρ1, the fluid is at the maximum scale volume V3 of the water tank. At this time, it is still normal when the temperature rises, that is: (V1+V3)ρ1≤(V1+V)ρ2, then V≥(V1+V3)ρ1 / ρ2-V1.

[0046] Let K = V3 / V2, which represents the ratio of the highest scale to the lowest scale. It can represent the convenience of adding liquid and after-sales service. The value is determined according to actual usage needs, and 2 is generally recommended.

[0047] As mentioned above, if V1 is known, then V2≥V1(ρ1-ρ2) / ρ2; V3=KV2; V≥(V1+V3)ρ1 / ρ2-V1.

[0048] For example: the inner diameter of the fluid system pipeline is known to be d = 0.016m, length l = 40m, ρ1 = 999.8m, ρ2 = 983.2kg / m 3 ; If K is 2, the required fluid volume V1 of the system (considering only the fluid volume in the pipeline) is 8L, and the water tank volume V is more appropriate to be 0.4L. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0049] V1=π*(d / 2) 2 *l=π*(0.016 / 2) 2 *40=0.008m 3 ;

[0050] V2≥V1(ρ1-ρ2) / ρ2,V2≥0.008(999.8-983.2) / 983.2,V2≥0.000135m 3 ;

[0051] V3=KV2,V3=2*0.000135=0.00027m 3 ;

[0052] V≥(V1+V3)ρ1 / ρ2-V1, V≥(0.008+0.00027)*999.8 / 983.2-0.008, V≥0.0004;

[0053] V ≥ (V1 + V3) ρ1 / ρ2 - V1;

[0054] From the above, we can get: V1 = 0.008m 3 =8L, V = 0.0004m 3 =0.4L.

[0055] In summary, according to the thermal management system of the embodiment of the present invention, the buffer circulation flow path can bypass the circulation when the system is blocked, balance the pressure and flow when the water pump is started and stopped, prevent water hammer, and improve the safety and service life of the system. The entire system does not have traditional large-scale buffer water tanks, expansion tanks, exhaust valves and other components. The system structure is simple, compact and small in size. The components used in the entire system are all mechanical structures, which are not easy to damage, the product price is low, and the installation is simple, which reduces the material cost, production cost and maintenance cost of the product. The main circulation flow channel does not contact the gas, and no gas-liquid mixing will occur under high-speed operation, which greatly improves the life of the water pump and also improves the overall system. Flow and efficiency can be improved to avoid corrosion and oxidation of pipeline and machine connectors, ensuring stable operation of the system; the exhaust buffer pipe of the buffer circulation flow path can automatically exhaust the air, effectively reducing system noise and improving system stability, safety and economy; the liquid compensation pipe of the buffer circulation flow path can connect the water tank with the main circulation flow channel. When the liquid volume in the main circulation pipeline changes, the flow compensation or pressure compensation at the inlet of the water pump can be performed through this pipe compensation; the buffer circulation flow path is equipped with a conventional water tank and water tank cover. The reserved space in the water tank can compensate for the space caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the liquid, and the water tank cover can control the gas entry and discharge of the water tank, balance the pressure of the entire system and prevent liquid loss.

[0056] In addition, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, comprising the thermal management system of the present invention.

[0057] According to the new energy vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, through the above-mentioned thermal management system, the buffer circulation flow path can bypass the circulation when the system is blocked, balance the pressure and flow when the water pump starts and stops, prevent water hammer, improve the safety and service life of the system, and then improve the heat exchange stability, improve the stability of the operation of the new energy vehicle, and the entire system is free of traditional large buffer water tanks, expansion tanks, exhaust valves and other components. The system structure is simple, compact and small in size. The components used in the entire system are all mechanical structures, which are not easy to damage, the product price is low, and the installation is simple, which reduces the material cost, production cost and maintenance cost of the product.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermal management system, characterized in that: include: A main circulation flow path, the main circulation flow path includes a heat exchanger, a liquid cooling plate and a water pump connected by a liquid circulation pipe, the heat exchanger exchanges the heat of the liquid in the liquid circulation pipe to the outside, the liquid cooling plate is arranged corresponding to the object to be heat exchanged, the liquid cooling plate is used to cool the liquid in the liquid circulation pipe and then exchange heat with the object to be heat exchanged, and the water pump is used to pump the liquid flowing out of the liquid cooling plate into the heat exchanger; A buffer circulation flow path is arranged at both ends of the water pump, and the buffer circulation flow path is used to perform bypass circulation when the main circulation flow path is blocked, and to perform flow compensation or pressure compensation at the inlet of the water pump when the liquid volume in the main circulation flow path changes suddenly.

2. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer circulation flow path comprises: Water tank; An exhaust buffer pipe, one end of which is connected to the inlet of the water pump, and the other end of which is connected to the upper interface of the water tank, and the exhaust buffer pipe is used to discharge the gas in the main circulation flow path through the upper interface; A liquid compensation tube, one end of which is connected to the lower interface of the water tank, and the other end of which is connected to the outlet of the water pump.

3. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid compensation tube is specifically used for: The liquid compensation pipe is used to release the inlet liquid of the water pump into the water tank when the water pump is stopped, and the liquid in the water tank flows back to the outlet of the water pump through the exhaust buffer pipe; and to compensate the flow rate at the inlet of the water pump when the water pump is started.

4. The thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer circulation flow path also includes: a water tank cover, which is arranged corresponding to the water tank, and is provided with an exhaust valve and a vacuum valve. The exhaust valve opens when the pressure inside the water tank is higher than a first set pressure to discharge the gas in the water tank to the outside, and the vacuum valve opens when the pressure inside the water tank is lower than a second set pressure to allow external air to enter above the water tank. The first set pressure is greater than the second set pressure.

5. The thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water tank is provided with a maximum liquid filling scale and a minimum liquid filling scale, and the maximum liquid filling scale and the minimum liquid filling scale are engraved between the upper interface and the lower interface of the water tank, and the water level of the water tank is between the maximum liquid filling scale and the minimum liquid filling scale.

6. The thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The object to be heat exchanged includes: a charging module.

7. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising a thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-6.

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