An anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of rare earth tail water treatment, and in particular to an anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water. The device comprises a reactor, wherein the interior of the reactor is hollow and cylindrical, a connecting pipe is connected to the upper side of the reactor, and the end of the connecting pipe away from the reactor is connected to a pre-reactor, wherein a screen for screening the rare earth tail water is connected to the pre-reactor. The present invention performs nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction in the pre-reactor and the reactor respectively, and denitrifies the rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor and the reactor in turn, and then injects the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor into the pre-reactor again through an extraction pump for nitrification reaction treatment, so as to realize denitrification treatment of the rare earth tail water by reciprocating circulation only between the two reaction vessels of the pre-reactor and the reactor until the treatment meets the standards, thereby effectively reducing the problem of occupying a large space when using more reaction vessels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rare earth tail water treatment, and in particular to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water. Background Art

[0002] Rare earth tail water is a high-concentration hazardous wastewater generated during the production of rare earth elements. Its high salinity, high organic matter, high concentration of heavy metals and other characteristics greatly limit its resource utilization and environmental friendliness. The current denitrification technologies used for rare earth tail water mainly use A / O process technology and anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology. Among them, anaerobic ammonium oxidation technology mainly uses anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) bacteria under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions to directly convert ammonia nitrogen into and nitrite nitrogen The process of converting it into nitrogen (N2) is particularly suitable for treating rare earth tail water containing high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen. It is an efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly denitrification method with great potential in the application of rare earth tail water.

[0003] However, there are usually some problems with the denitrification methods of ordinary rare earth tail water in daily use. With the development of science and technology, technicians in related fields have also made a lot of optimizations on anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification technology. In order to make a more accurate comparison, for example, the denitrification device for rare earth tail water disclosed in the Chinese patent publication number CN114590893A includes a multi-stage nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation unit, each nitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation unit includes a nitrification reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction tank connected in sequence, the top of the nitrification reaction tank and the sedimentation tank has a first water inlet channel, and the top of the sedimentation tank and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction tank has a second water inlet channel. When in use, the rare earth tail water to be treated is processed in sequence by passing through the multi-stage nitrification reaction tank, the sedimentation tank and the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction tank in series, without strictly controlling the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the effluent of the nitrification reaction tank within a specific ratio range, thereby achieving effective removal of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned denitrification device still has some shortcomings in actual use: since the above-mentioned device needs to be connected in series in sequence through multiple nitrification reaction tanks, sedimentation tanks and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tanks to denitrify the rare earth tail water when in use, and setting up several nitrification reaction tanks, sedimentation tanks and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tanks in series on the ground will undoubtedly occupy a large ground space, which is not very suitable for places with a small site area. In addition, the above-mentioned device uses multiple nitrification reaction tanks, sedimentation tanks and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tanks arranged in series to achieve a layer-by-layer reduction in the impact of water quality and water quantity, that is, the nitrification reaction tank, sedimentation tank and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank located at the forefront of the treatment system are subject to the greatest impact load on water quality and water quantity, which is not conducive to the survival of microorganisms therein to denitrify the rare earth tail water, resulting in reduced efficiency and effect of denitrification treatment of the rare earth tail water.

[0005] Therefore, based on the above-stated viewpoint, there is still room for improvement in the existing means for denitrification of rare earth tail water. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water, including a reactor. The reactor is hollow and cylindrical in shape. A connecting pipe is connected to the upper side of the reactor. The end of the connecting pipe away from the reactor is connected to a pre-reactor. A sieve for screening the rare earth tail water is connected to the pre-reactor.

[0007] The screener includes a connecting sieve plate connected to the inner wall of the pre-reactor, which divides the pre-reactor into a sedimentation zone and a buffer zone. The connecting pipe is arranged on the upper side of the sedimentation zone and is connected to the sedimentation zone to introduce the supernatant in the upper layer of the sedimentation zone into the reactor. The buffer zone is used to provide temporary storage space for rare earth tail water that needs to be treated and to reduce the impact load generated when the rare earth tail water is input.

[0008] Preferably, the screen further comprises a filter cartridge with a conical opening structure connected to the screen plate.

[0009] Preferably, the pre-reactor is further provided with an agitator for promoting reaction efficiency, the agitator comprising a driving rod connected to the sieve plate and passing through the pre-reactor, and a plurality of pushing plates located in the precipitation zone are evenly connected to the driving rod in a circumferential direction.

[0010] Preferably, a connection plate between the sieve plate and the driving rotating rod and a plurality of pushing plates connected to the driving rotating rod are also provided in the reactor, and a rotating plate connected to the plurality of pushing plates is also sleeved on the driving rotating rod located in the reactor.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating plate and the connecting sieve plate are spaced apart in the upper and lower parts, and the diameter of the rotating plate is smaller than the diameter of the connecting sieve plate. The rotating plate and the several connected pushing plates are arranged at corresponding connecting pipes to reduce the fluctuation of rare earth tail water when it enters the reactor from the pre-reactor.

[0012] Preferably, the pre-reactor is also connected to an aeration head for regulating the dissolved oxygen content in the pre-reactor, the aeration head includes an exhaust pipe which is connected to the pre-reactor in an annular structure and is limit-connected to the inner wall of the pre-reactor, a plurality of exhaust holes for exhaust are evenly opened circumferentially on the exhaust pipe, the upper end of the exhaust pipe is also connected to an air guide pipe which passes through the pre-reactor upward, and the air guide pipe is connected to an air supply component installed on the pre-reactor.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting tube is limitedly connected to a limiting sleeve, a sliding link is passed through the limiting sleeve, one end of the sliding link inserted in the limiting sleeve is connected to a driven block, a compression spring is commonly connected between the driven block and the inner side wall of the limiting sleeve, and one end of the sliding link passing through the limiting sleeve is connected to a blocking block for closing the connecting tube.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the blocking block away from the limiting sleeve abuts against a guide push block, and the end of the guide push block away from the blocking block is provided with a connecting lever connected to the air guide pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the outer side surface of the gas guide pipe is sleeved with a guide sleeve connected to the pre-reactor, and the outer side surface of the gas guide pipe is sleeved with a limit block that fits with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, an extraction pump is connected to the outer surface of the lower end of the reactor, and the output end of the extraction pump is connected to a reflux pipe connected to the pre-reactor to re-inject the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor into the pre-reactor for further denitrification treatment.

[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention provides a pre-reactor and a reactor that are connected to each other as reaction vessels, and performs nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction in the pre-reactor and the reactor respectively, so that the rare earth tail water to be treated is denitrified in the pre-reactor and the reactor in turn, and then the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor is injected into the pre-reactor again through an extraction pump for nitrification reaction treatment, so as to realize denitrification treatment of the rare earth tail water only by reciprocating circulation between the two reaction vessels of the pre-reactor and the reactor until the treatment meets the standards, effectively reducing the problem of occupying a large space when more reaction vessels are needed.

[0019] 2. The present invention effectively intercepts the sludge particles generated when microorganisms treat rare earth tail water in the container through the screen arranged in the prereactor and the reactor, thereby forming a certain layer of sludge bed in the prereactor and the reactor, and allowing the rare earth tail water to penetrate the sludge bed from bottom to top or from top to bottom when input into the prereactor and the reactor. The sludge bed can efficiently intercept and degrade the organic matter contained in the rare earth tail water in the prereactor and the reactor. At the same time, in the process of rare earth tail water passing through the sludge bed, it also drives the smaller particles and sludge particles with poor sedimentation performance in the sludge bed to float in the direction of water flow, so as to avoid excessive sedimentation of sludge particles and the problem of compaction of the sludge bed.

[0020] 3. The present invention controls the upward or downward movement rate of the input rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor and the reactor to achieve the effect of the time for the microorganisms in the pre-reactor and the reactor to treat the rare earth tail water. Through multiple reciprocating cycles of mutual flow, the problem of strictly controlling the ratio of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the pre-reactor and the reactor is avoided, and the effective removal of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen is achieved. After the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor is injected into the pre-reactor through a reciprocating cycle by the extraction pump, a certain amount of organic carbon source can be added to the pre-reactor to reduce the need to add an organic carbon source to the pre-reactor.

[0021] 4. The present invention allows the rare earth tail water input into the pre-reactor to flow in an upward manner in the pre-reactor. When the rare earth tail water is subsequently input into the pre-reactor, the internal cavity of the pre-reactor is used to limit the flow direction of the rare earth tail water after input, and the existing rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor is used to buffer the impact load generated by the rare earth tail water during input, thereby achieving the effect of buffering and weakening the impact load generated when the rare earth tail water is input. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the pre-reactor and reactor of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sieve of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the aeration head of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This invention Figure 4 A magnified view of center.

[0028] Figure 6 This invention Figure 4 Magnified view of B.

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the barrier block of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a barrier block according to the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 1. reactor; 10. connecting pipe; 11. pre-reactor; 12. feeding port; 13. water inlet pipe; 14. water outlet pipe; 2. screener; 20. connecting sieve plate; 21. filter cartridge; 210. sewage pipe; 3. agitator; 30. driving rod; 31. pushing plate; 32. rotating plate; 4. aeration head; 40. exhaust pipe; 41. air guide pipe; 42. air supply part; 43. limiting sleeve; 430. sliding connecting rod; 431. driven block; 432. compression spring; 433. blocking block; 434. guide push block; 435. connecting lever; 44. guide sleeve; 440. limiting block; 45. limiting slider; 450. limiting slide; 5. extraction pump; 50. return pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1 To the attached Figure 8 While embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application discloses an anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water, which explains that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification device for rare earth tail water is mainly used in the process of denitrification of rare earth tail water, and technically realizes the effect of denitrification treatment of rare earth tail water; in particular, in the process of denitrification treatment of rare earth tail water, the rare earth tail water is denitrified by combining nitrification reaction denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction denitrification, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of denitrification treatment of rare earth tail water; further, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification device for rare earth tail water also effectively avoids the problem of occupying a large area on the ground for installing more reaction vessels by reciprocating nitrification reaction denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction denitrification cycles between the pre-reactor and the reactor.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water includes a reactor 1, a connecting pipe 10, a prereactor 11, a feeding port 12, a water inlet pipe 13, a water outlet pipe 14 and a sifter 2. The interior of the reactor 1 is hollow and cylindrical. The upper side of the reactor 1 is connected to the connecting pipe 10, and the end of the connecting pipe 10 away from the reactor 1 is connected to the prereactor 11. The upper ends of the prereactor 11 and the reactor 1 are also connected with a feeding port 12, and the prereactor 11 and the reactor 1 are respectively connected with a water inlet pipe 13 and a water outlet pipe 14. The staff adds the required two raw waters containing nitrifying bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria into the prereactor 11 and the reactor 1 through the feeding port 12 to denitrify the rare earth tail water. The prereactor 11 is connected with a sifter 2 for screening the rare earth tail water.

[0035] During use, the rare earth tail water to be treated is injected into the pre-reactor 11, and the rare earth tail water is subjected to preliminary nitrification and denitrification treatment by the pre-reactor 11. At the same time, the sludge and mixed liquid produced by the nitrification reaction are screened by the screener 2, and then the upper mixed liquid is introduced into the reactor 1. The mixed liquid introduced from the pre-reactor 11 is further denitrified by anaerobic ammonia oxidation in the reactor 1 to complete the denitrification treatment effect of the rare earth tail water.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the screener 2 is used to screen rare earth tail water; specifically, the screener 2 includes a connecting sieve plate 20 connected to the inner wall of the pre-reactor 11, and the connecting sieve plate 20 divides the pre-reactor 11 into a sedimentation area and a buffer area. A number of water-permeable holes are evenly opened on the circumference of the connecting sieve plate 20 to connect the sedimentation area and the buffer area. The connecting pipe 10 is arranged on the upper side of the sedimentation area and is connected to the sedimentation area to introduce the supernatant in the upper layer of the sedimentation area into the reactor 1. The buffer area is used to provide a temporary storage space for the rare earth tail water that needs to be treated, and to reduce the impact load generated when the rare earth tail water is input. The lower side of the sedimentation area is connected with an inlet pipe 13 for introducing the rare earth tail water to be treated.

[0037] It should be noted that nitrification is mainly completed by two types of autotrophic bacteria, namely nitrite bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. These bacteria oxidize ammonia nitrogen (NH4 + ) to nitrite (NO2 - ) and nitrate (NO3 - ) to obtain energy and use inorganic carbon sources (such as CO2) for growth. These bacteria usually attach to solid media (such as fillers) to form biofilms, or exist in the form of flocs in suspended sludge. As the nitrification reaction proceeds, biofilms and flocculent sludge gradually accumulate to form sludge beds or sludge flocs. These sludges are mainly composed of nitrifying bacteria and their metabolites.

[0038] Similarly, when the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reaction is carried out in the reactor 1, the microorganisms participating in the Anammox reaction grow and reproduce through metabolic activities to form biofilm or granular sludge. As the reaction proceeds, the biofilm and granular sludge gradually accumulate to form a sludge bed layer that can be separated from the sieve plate 20 connected to the reactor 1.

[0039] When in use, the rare earth tail water to be treated is injected into the pre-reactor 11, and the rare earth tail water to be treated is pre-denitrified by causing a nitrification reaction in the pre-reactor 11. During this process, the flocculent sludge particles formed in the nitrification reaction gradually settle on the connecting sieve plate 20. After the sludge particles settle on the connecting sieve plate 20, a dense sludge bed is formed. The sludge bed formed on the connecting sieve plate 20 provides a suitable living environment for the nitrifying bacteria therein, and then continues to flow into the pre-reactor through the water inlet pipe 13 at a certain rate. 11 is introduced into the rare earth tail water to be treated. During this process, the rare earth tail water located in the buffer zone will pass through the sludge bed on the connecting sieve plate 20 when it is introduced into the sedimentation zone. The sludge bed can efficiently intercept and degrade the organic matter contained in the rare earth tail water in the prereactor 11. At the same time, in the process of the rare earth tail water passing through the sludge bed upward, it also drives the smaller sludge particles with poor settling performance in the sludge bed to float upward, so as to avoid excessive sedimentation of the sludge particles and the problem of compaction of the sludge bed.

[0040] After completing the pretreatment of the rare earth tail water in the prereactor 11, the rare earth tail water to be treated is continued to be introduced into the prereactor 11. As the water level in the sedimentation area of ​​the prereactor 11 gradually rises, after the water level moves up to the connecting pipe 10, the rare earth tail water in the upper layer of the sedimentation area naturally flows into the reactor 1 through the connecting pipe 10, and then the mixed liquid undergoes anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification reaction in the reactor 1, thereby completing the further denitrification effect of the rare earth tail water.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the screen 2 further includes a filter cartridge 21 having a tapered opening structure connected to the connecting sieve plate 20. During use, the tapered opening section of the filter cartridge 21 guides the sludge particles suspended in the upper layer of the settling zone so that the suspended sludge particles are guided between the connecting sieve plate 20 and the filter cartridge 21. The filter cartridge 21 limits the floating range of the sludge particles suspended between the connecting sieve plate 20 and the filter cartridge 21, thereby rapidly improving the efficiency of the sludge particles forming a sludge bed on the connecting sieve plate 20.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to avoid excessive sludge accumulation between the filter cartridge 21 and the connecting sieve plate 20, which would cause the sludge bed layer formed between the filter cartridge 21 and the connecting sieve plate 20 to be too thick and affect the normal denitrification treatment effect of the rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor 11, a sewage pipe 210 passing through the pre-reactor 11 is also connected to the connecting cartridge to discharge the excess sludge particles suspended in the filter cartridge 21 out of the pre-reactor 11.

[0043] Reference Figures 2 to 4As shown, in order to increase the mixing rate of nitrifying bacteria and rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor 11, thereby improving the denitrification efficiency of rare earth tail water, a stirrer 3 for promoting reaction efficiency is also provided in the pre-reactor 11. The stirrer 3 includes a driving rod 30 and a pushing plate 31. The driving rod 30 is commonly penetrated by the sieve plate 20 and the pre-reactor 11. A plurality of pushing plates 31 located in the sedimentation area are evenly connected circumferentially on the driving rod 30.

[0044] When in use, the driving rod 30 is driven to rotate, and after the driving rod 30 rotates, all the pushing plates 31 connected to it are driven to rotate. Through the rotation and displacement of several pushing plates 31 in the pre-reactor 11, the rare earth tail water in the sedimentation area is driven to rotate and displace, thereby achieving the effect of making nitrifying bacteria evenly distributed in the rare earth tail water. At the same time, by rotating and displacing the rare earth tail water in the sedimentation area, the sludge particles therein are also driven to float, which helps to maintain the suspended state of the sludge particles, prevent the excessive compaction of the sludge bed and the destruction of the sludge bed caused by sludge expansion, thereby avoiding the problem of affecting the normal denitrification treatment of the rare earth tail water.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the reactor 1 is also provided with a connection between the sieve plate 20 and the driving rotating rod 30, as well as a plurality of push plates 31 connected to the driving rotating rod 30. The driving rotating rod 30 located in the reactor 1 is also sleeved with a rotating plate 32 connected to the plurality of push plates 31. During use, by driving the driving rotating rod 30 inserted into the reactor 1 to rotate, the driving rotating rod 30 rotates and drives the connected push plates and rotating plates 32 to rotate in the reactor 1, thereby achieving the effect of promoting the uniform distribution of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) bacteria in the rare earth tail water.

[0046] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the rotating plate 32 and the connecting sieve plate 20 are spaced apart from each other, and the diameter of the rotating plate 32 is smaller than that of the connecting sieve plate 20. The rotating plate 32 and the several connected push plates 31 are arranged corresponding to the connecting pipe 10 to reduce the fluctuation of the rare earth tail water when it enters the reactor 1 from the pre-reactor 11. During use, when the rare earth tail water pretreated from the pre-reactor 11 enters the reactor 1, it will first flow along the connecting pipe 10 to between the rotating plate 32 and the several push plates 31 connected to the rotating plate 32. The rotating plate 32 and the connected push plates 31 initially reduce the impact load of the rare earth tail water entering the reactor 1.

[0047] At this time, the driving rotating rod 30 connected to the reactor 1 is driven to rotate, which will drive the rotating plate 32 and several connected pushing plates 31 to rotate. The rotating rotating plate 32 and any two adjacent pushing plates 31 are used to drive the rare earth tail water on the rotating plate 32 to rotate, so that the rare earth tail water applied to the rotating plate 32 has a certain centrifugal force, and flows along the end face of the rotating plate 32 to the inner wall of the reactor 1, thereby further reducing the impact load of the rare earth tail water entering the reactor 1, and avoiding the problem that the rare earth tail water entering the reactor 1 causes a large impact load that affects the normal living environment of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) bacteria in the reactor 1.

[0048] It should be noted that, since the bacteria required in the nitrification reaction and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction require a relatively stable water environment to complete the denitrification effect of the water body, when driving the driving rod 30 to rotate, it is necessary to avoid controlling the rotation rate of the driving rod 30 to be too fast.

[0049] As an optional embodiment, existing motor technology can also be used to drive any one of the driving rods 30 to rotate intermittently and slowly, and synchronous pulleys are connected to the two driving rods 30 on the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1, and a synchronous pulley is commonly connected between the two synchronous pulleys to achieve a synchronous rotation effect between the two driving rods 30.

[0050] Furthermore, a rotating plate 32 and a plurality of push plates 31 are also connected to the lower side of the driving rotating rod 30 located in the pre-reactor 11. When in use, the impact load generated by the rare earth tail water injected into the pre-reactor 11 acts between the rotating plate 32 and the two adjacent push plates 31. At this time, the driving rotating rod 30 is driven to drive the rotating plate 32 and the plurality of connected push plates 31 to rotate, effectively reducing the impact load generated by the rare earth tail water entering the pre-reactor 11.

[0051] Since in the process of nitrification, the nitrification reaction is mainly completed by two types of autotrophic bacteria, nitrite bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, which need to consume dissolved oxygen to complete the reaction during the reaction. Figures 2 to 6 As shown, the pre-reactor 11 is also connected to an aeration head 4 for regulating the oxygen content of the solution in the pre-reactor 11. The aeration head 4 includes an exhaust pipe 40, an air guide pipe 41 and an air supply part 42. The pre-reactor 11 is connected to an exhaust pipe 40 that is arranged in an annular structure and is limitedly connected to the inner wall of the pre-reactor 11. A number of exhaust holes for exhaust are evenly opened circumferentially on the exhaust pipe 40. The upper end of the exhaust pipe 40 is also connected to the air guide pipe 41 that passes through the pre-reactor 11 upward. The air guide pipe 41 is connected to an air supply part 42 installed on the pre-reactor 11. The air supply part 42 is an air compressor or an air pump.

[0052] During use, gas is introduced into the air guide pipe 41 and the exhaust pipe 40 through the air supply part 42. After the gas is introduced into the exhaust pipe 40, it is discharged outward through a number of exhaust holes on the exhaust pipe 40 into the pre-reactor 11. After the gas is introduced into the pre-reactor 11 through the exhaust pipe 40, bubbles are formed in the water. During the rising process, the bubbles will continuously contact with the surrounding rare earth tail water mixture, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the liquid. At the same time, during the rising process, the bubbles will drive the rare earth tail water mixture to flow due to the buoyancy effect, thereby promoting the mixing of the rare earth tail water mixture and nitrifying bacteria. Aeration can also promote the release of carbon dioxide, which helps to adjust the pH value of the liquid.

[0053] Since nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation are respectively itchy processes and anaerobic processes, Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the connecting tube 10 is internally connected to a limiting sleeve 43, and a sliding link 430 is slidably inserted into the limiting sleeve 43. One end of the sliding link 430, which is inserted into the limiting sleeve 43, is connected to a driven block 431. A compression spring 432 is connected between the driven block 431 and the inner sidewall of the limiting sleeve 43. The end of the sliding link 430 that passes through the limiting sleeve 43 is connected to a blocking block 433 for sealing the connecting tube 10. In the initial state, the normal expansion of the compression spring 432 drives the connected driven block 431, the sliding link 430, and the blocking block 433 to slide toward the pre-reactor 11, causing the blocking block 433 to slide out of the connecting tube 10, thereby connecting the pre-reactor 11, the connecting tube 10, and the reactor 1.

[0054] During use, by driving the blocking block 433 to slide in the direction close to the reactor 1, the movement of the blocking block 433 drives the sliding connecting rod 430 and the driven block 431 to move synchronously. After the blocking block 433 is slid and inserted into the connecting pipe 10, the sealing effect of the connecting pipe 10 is completed. The blocking block 433 seals the connecting pipe 10 between the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1, so that when the pre-reactor 11 is aerated, the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1 are isolated from each other, preventing the oxygen entering the pre-reactor 11 from entering the reactor 1 in large quantities through the connecting pipe 10, thereby affecting the normal living environment conditions of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) bacteria in the reactor 1, and further affecting the operation of the rare earth tail water denitrification treatment.

[0055] Reference Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the end of the blocking block 433 away from the limiting sleeve 43 abuts against the guide push block 434, the side of the guide push block 434 close to the blocking block 433 is set as a slope, and the end of the guide push block 434 away from the blocking block 433 is provided with a connecting rod 435 connected to the air guide tube 41.

[0056] Further, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to aerate the rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor 11 and seal the connecting pipe 10 at the same time, a guide sleeve 44 connected to the pre-reactor 11 is provided on the outer side surface of the air guide pipe 41, and a limit block 440 is provided on the outer side surface of the air guide pipe 41 to slide in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 44. During use, the gas introduced into the guide sleeve 44 through the air supply part 42 has a certain downward driving force, pushing the limit block 440 and the air guide pipe 41 in the guide sleeve 44 downward. The downward movement of the air guide pipe 41 drives the connecting rod 435 and the guide push block 434 to move downward. After the guide push block 434 moves downward and collides with the blocking block 433, as the guide push block 434 continues to move downward, the blocking block 433 is driven to slide in the direction close to the reactor 1 through the inclined surface on the guide push block 434 until the blocking block 433 is inserted into the connecting pipe 10 to close the connecting pipe 10. At this time, the compression spring 432 is compressed by the force, thereby achieving the purpose of closing the connecting pipe 10 while aerating the pre-reactor 11, so that the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1 are no longer connected.

[0057] After aeration is completed, the air supply component 42 stops outputting gas, and the downward driving force on the limit block 440 and the air guide pipe 41 is released. At this time, since the pressure spring 432 is compressed and needs to restore to a normal extended state, the pressure spring 432 restores its extension and drives the driven block 431, the sliding link 430 and the blocking block 433 to slide toward the side close to the pre-reactor 11, so that the blocking block 433 slides out of the connecting pipe 10 and releases the closed state of the connecting pipe 10, thereby restoring the mutual connection state between the pre-reactor 11, the connecting pipe 10 and the reactor 1.

[0058] Reference Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the outer side surface of the exhaust pipe 40 is symmetrically connected to a limit slider 45 inserted on the inner wall of the pre-reactor 11, and a limit slot 450 adapted to the limit slider 45 is correspondingly opened on the inner wall of the pre-reactor 11. The limit slider 45 is slidably inserted in the limit slot 450, and is limited by the connected limit slot 450 to only allow sliding in the vertical direction along the limit slot 450.

[0059] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe 40 is configured to be in a sliding fit with the inner wall of the pre-reactor 11, and since it takes a certain amount of time to consume the dissolved oxygen in the water during the nitrification reaction, the limit slider 45 is configured to be made of a flexible material that allows a certain degree of deformation. After being squeezed and deformed, the limit slider 45 is inserted into the limit slide groove 450.

[0060] During specific use, when the air supply part 42 drives the air guide pipe 41 and the exhaust pipe 40 to move downward, the exhaust pipe 40 moves downward and drives all connected limit sliders 45 to move downward along the limit slide groove 450. The limit slide groove 450 limits the limit slider 45, and the limit slider 45 limits the exhaust pipe 40, so as to achieve the effect of limiting the sliding path of the exhaust pipe 40, and at the same time, limit the rotational displacement of the air guide pipe to avoid driving the connecting rod 435 and the guide push block 434 to rotate and shift, thereby avoiding the problem of misalignment between the guide push block 434 and the blocking block 433.

[0061] After the air supply part 42 stops supplying air, since the exhaust pipe 40 is placed in the rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor 11, the exhaust pipe 40 has a certain upward buoyancy in the rare earth tail water. Under the mutual cooperation of the elastic reset force of the compressed spring 432, the air guide pipe 41, the connecting rod 435 and the guide push block 434 are driven to move upward and reset. At this time, since the limit slider 45 is squeezed and deformed and slides against the inner wall of the limit slide groove 450, the friction between the limit slider 45 and the limit slide groove 450 is increased, thereby achieving the effect of delaying the upward movement rate of the exhaust pipe 40, the air guide pipe 41, the connecting rod 435 and the guide push block 434, delaying the mutual connection between the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1, and preventing the rare earth tail water with a high dissolved oxygen content in the pre-reactor 11 from entering the reactor 1.

[0062] Reference Figure 4 As shown, to improve the quality of denitrification of the rare earth tail water to be treated, an extraction pump 5 is connected to the outer surface of the lower end of the reactor 1. The output end of the extraction pump 5 is connected to a reflux pipe 50 connected to the pre-reactor 11, so that the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor 1 is re-injected into the pre-reactor 11 for further denitrification treatment. The water quality in the outlet pipe 14 is tested by external equipment and the outlet pipe 14 is simultaneously sealed. If the water quality in the outlet pipe 14 passes the test, the qualified water is discharged. The extraction pump 5 intermittently and reciprocally injects the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor 1 into the pre-reactor 11 for treatment, thereby improving the denitrification effect of the rare earth tail water. After multiple cycles of denitrification treatment of the rare earth tail water, the water quality in the outlet pipe 14 is tested by external equipment. If it meets the standard, it is discharged. Otherwise, it is continuously pumped into the pre-reactor 11 by the extraction pump 5 for treatment, and this cycle is repeated until qualified water is obtained.

[0063] It should be noted that, since sludge beds are formed on the connecting sieve plates 20 in the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1, respectively, the nitrifying bacteria and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria therein will gather near the sludge bed on the connecting sieve plate 20 to denitrify the rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1. Therefore, as an optional embodiment, by controlling the rate of injection of the rare earth tail water to be treated into the pre-reactor 11 and by controlling the extraction interval and rate of the treated rare earth tail water in the reactor 1 by the extraction pump 5, the rate at which the rare earth tail water rises in the pre-reactor 11 and moves downward in the reactor 1 is controlled, that is, the time period for which the rare earth tail water in the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1 to remain at the gathering place of nitrifying bacteria and anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (that is, the reaction time between the rare earth tail water and the nitrifying bacteria and between the rare earth tail water and the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria) is controlled.

[0064] Under this embodiment, while effectively reducing the impact load generated when the input rare earth tail water is injected into the pre-reactor 11, it also avoids the problem of strictly controlling the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite (NH3-N / NO2--N) in the pre-reactor 11 and the reactor 1, thereby achieving effective removal of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen. After the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor 1 is injected into the pre-reactor 11 in a reciprocating cycle through the extraction pump 5, a certain amount of organic carbon source can be added to the pre-reactor 11 to reduce the need to add an organic carbon source to the pre-reactor 11.

[0065] During operation: the first step is to introduce rare earth tail water into the pre-reactor 11, and to perform preliminary nitrification reaction in the pre-reactor 11 in advance to perform preliminary denitrification treatment on the rare earth tail water.

[0066] Step 2: After the rare earth tail water is preliminarily denitrified by the pre-reactor 11, the treated rare earth tail water is introduced into the reactor 1 to undergo anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, thereby completing the secondary denitrification effect on the rare earth tail water.

[0067] Step 3: The rare earth tail water treated in the reactor 1 is re-introduced into the pre-reactor 11 through the extraction pump 5 to perform nitrification reaction again, and then the rare earth tail water treated in the pre-reactor 11 is introduced into the reactor 1 for anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, and this process is repeated until the water quality meets the standard.

[0068] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0069] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water, comprising a reactor (1), characterized in that: The reactor (1) is hollow inside and is arranged in a cylindrical shape. The reactor (1) is connected to a connecting pipe (10). The end of the connecting pipe (10) away from the reactor (1) is connected to a pre-reactor (11). The pre-reactor (11) is connected to a sieve (2) for screening rare earth tail water, wherein: The sieve (2) includes a connecting sieve plate (20) connected to the inner wall of the pre-reactor (11), the connecting sieve plate (20) divides the pre-reactor (11) into a sedimentation zone and a buffer zone. The connecting pipe (10) is arranged on the upper side of the sedimentation zone and is connected to the sedimentation zone to introduce the supernatant in the upper layer of the sedimentation zone into the reactor (1). The buffer zone is used to provide a temporary storage space for the rare earth tail water to be treated and to reduce the impact load generated when the rare earth tail water is input; The pre-reactor (11) is further connected to an aeration head (4) for regulating the dissolved oxygen content in the pre-reactor (11). The aeration head (4) includes an exhaust pipe (40) connected to the pre-reactor (11) in an annular structure and limitedly connected to the inner wall of the pre-reactor (11). A plurality of exhaust holes for exhaust are uniformly opened on the exhaust pipe (40) in the circumferential direction. The upper end of the exhaust pipe (40) is further connected to an air guide pipe (41) that passes through the pre-reactor (11) upward. The air guide pipe (41) is connected to an air supply member (42) installed on the pre-reactor (11); The connecting tube (10) is internally limited and connected to a limiting sleeve (43), a sliding connecting rod (430) is inserted into the limiting sleeve (43), one end of the sliding connecting rod (430) inserted into the limiting sleeve (43) is connected to a driven clamping block (431), a compression spring (432) is commonly connected between the driven clamping block (431) and the inner side wall of the limiting sleeve (43), and one end of the sliding connecting rod (430) passing through the limiting sleeve (43) is connected to a blocking block (433) for sealing the connecting tube (10); The end of the blocking block (433) away from the limiting sleeve (43) abuts against a guide push block (434), a side of the guide push block (434) close to the blocking block (433) is provided with an inclined surface, and the end of the guide push block (434) away from the blocking block (433) is provided with a connecting lever (435) connected to the air guide pipe (41); The outer side surface of the gas guide tube (41) is sleeved with a guide sleeve (44) connected to the pre-reactor (11), and the outer side surface of the gas guide tube (41) is sleeved with a limit block (440) slidingly fitted with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve (44). The gas introduced into the guide sleeve (44) through the gas supply member (42) has a certain downward driving force, pushing the limit block (440) in the guide sleeve (44) and the gas guide tube (41) downward.

2. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve (2) further comprises a filter cartridge (21) connected to the sieve plate (20) and having a conical opening structure.

3. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-reactor (11) is further provided with an agitator (3) for promoting reaction efficiency. The agitator (3) includes a driving rod (30) connected to the sieve plate (20) and provided on the pre-reactor (11). The driving rod (30) is evenly connected to a plurality of push plates (31) located in the precipitation zone in a circumferential direction.

4. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor (1) is also provided with a connection between the sieve plate (20) and the driving rotating rod (30) and a plurality of pushing plates (31) connected to the driving rotating rod (30). The driving rotating rod (30) located in the reactor (1) is also provided with a rotating plate (32) connected to the plurality of pushing plates (31).

5. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating plate (32) and the connecting sieve plate (20) are arranged at intervals in the upper and lower parts, and the diameter of the rotating plate (32) is smaller than the diameter of the connecting sieve plate (20). The rotating plate (32) and the plurality of connected pushing plates (31) are arranged at corresponding connecting pipes (10) to reduce fluctuations in the rare earth tail water when it enters the reactor (1) from the pre-reactor (11).

6. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation denitrification device suitable for rare earth tail water according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extraction pump (5) is connected to the outer surface of the lower end of the reactor (1), and the output end of the extraction pump (5) is connected to a reflux pipe (50) connected to the pre-reactor (11) so as to re-inject the rare earth tail water treated in the reactor (1) into the pre-reactor (11) for further denitrification treatment.

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