Preparation method of abalone oil by using abalone viscera as raw material

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of abalone oil by taking abalone viscera as a raw material, which comprises the following steps: taking a proper amount of cleaned fresh abalone viscera, freezing for at least 4 hours under the environmental condition of-18 DEG C, taking out, naturally unfreezing and melting, and preparing into homogenate; taking a proper amount of homogenate, adding an n-hexane extracting agent with the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 1, namely the volume ratio of the homogenate to n-hexane is 1: 1, and performing ultrasonic extraction for 20 minutes at normal temperature; centrifuging for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 8000 r / min, carrying out rotary evaporation on supernate, namely a grease layer at 40 DEG C to remove n-hexane, and then adding 1% of activated carbon for decoloration to obtain abalone oil; taking a proper amount of homogenate, adding n-hexane with a solid-liquid ratio of 1: 1, and carrying out ultrasonic extraction at normal temperature for 20 minutes; centrifuging for 10min at 8000r / min, carrying out rotary evaporation on supernate, namely a grease layer at 40 DEG C to remove n-hexane, and adding 1% of activated carbon for decoloration to obtain abalone oil; the method is simple to operate, economical and applicable; by adopting the combined extraction technology, the operation is simple and convenient, the method is economical and applicable, the abalone viscera are turned into wealth, and the additional value of the abalone can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural product processing, and in particular relates to a method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as a raw material. Background Art

[0002] Abalone belongs to the genus Haliotis of the phylum Mollusca. my country is the world's largest abalone farming country, and abalone farming is mainly concentrated in Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Liaoning, Zhejiang and other places. The viscera account for 20% to 30% of the total weight of abalone, and the lipids of abalone viscera account for about 4% of the wet basis of abalone viscera. During the processing, they are often treated as waste or low-value feed, which greatly reduces the use value of abalone. Abalone visceral liposomes are rich in ω-3 series polyunsaturated fatty acids essential to the human body, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which have good effects on lowering blood lipids and cholesterol, and are important raw materials for the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industries.

[0003] With the demand of consumers for different forms and flavors of abalone products, the processing and utilization technology and products of abalone and its viscera are gradually developing towards high-tech and high added value. Therefore, the effective utilization of abalone viscera can not only greatly reduce the waste of resources, open up the market for abalone deep-processing products, increase economic benefits, but also solve the problem of environmental pollution.

[0004] According to literature reports: the domestic preparation methods of abalone oil include enzymatic hydrolysis and high-voltage pulse electric field (PEF) method. This method adopts freeze-thaw-organic solvent extraction, which is simple to operate and economical. Based on this, a preparation method of abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] Aiming at the current situation that viscera accounting for 20% to 30% of the total weight of abalone are often used as waste or low-value feed, the invention provides a method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw materials, which has the advantages of simple operation and economic applicability.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the purpose mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1: Take an appropriate amount of cleaned fresh abalone viscera, freeze them at -18°C for at least 4 hours, take them out and thaw them naturally to prepare a homogenate;

[0010] S2: Take an appropriate amount of homogenate, add an appropriate amount of n-hexane as an extractant, that is, the volume ratio of the homogenate to n-hexane is 1:0.5 to 1:2, and perform ultrasonic extraction at room temperature for 20 minutes; centrifuge at a speed of 6000r / min or above, and remove n-hexane from the supernatant, that is, the oil layer, by rotary evaporation at 40°C, and then add activated carbon for decolorization to obtain abalone oil.

[0011] According to the above technical scheme, in S2, take an appropriate amount of homogenate, add n-hexane as an extractant with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:0.5 to 1:2, that is, the volume ratio of the homogenate to n-hexane is 1:0.5 to 1:2, and after ultrasonic extraction at room temperature for 20 minutes, centrifuge at a speed of 6000r / min or above for 10 minutes, the supernatant, i.e. the oil layer, is subjected to rotary evaporation at 40°C to remove n-hexane, and then 0.5% to 1.5% of activated carbon is added for decolorization to obtain abalone oil.

[0012] (III) Beneficial effects

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw materials, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw materials is the first in China to use a freeze-thaw and ultrasonic extraction combined technology to prepare abalone oil from abalone viscera.

[0015] 2. The method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material adopts a combined extraction technology to effectively extract abalone oil, and the yield of abalone oil is 3.5%.

[0016] 3. The preparation method of abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw materials adopts a combined extraction technology, which is easy to operate, economical and applicable, and can turn abalone viscera into treasure, thereby greatly improving the added value of abalone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is a non-limiting detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described.

[0019] Example:

[0020] A preferred embodiment of a method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material provided by the invention: The specific operation of the method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material is as follows:

[0021] (1) Pretreatment;

[0022] Weigh an appropriate amount of fresh abalone viscera, rinse with tap water, freeze at -18°C or below for at least 4 hours, take out and thaw naturally, and crush with a high-speed tissue crusher to prepare a homogenate;

[0023] (2) Extraction;

[0024] The homogenate is added with n-hexane in a solid-liquid ratio, i.e., a volume ratio of the homogenate to n-hexane of 1:0.5 to 1:2, and ultrasonically extracted at room temperature for 20 minutes; centrifuged at a speed of 6000 r / min or above for 10 minutes, and the supernatant is taken as the oil layer, and the n-hexane in the oil layer is removed by rotary evaporation at 40° C. to obtain crude abalone oil;

[0025] (3) Decolorization and deodorization;

[0026] Add 0.5% to 1.5% activated carbon by mass fraction into the crude abalone oil, decolorize and deodorize, and filter to obtain the abalone oil.

[0027] Best practice:

[0028] Weigh an appropriate amount of fresh abalone viscera, rinse with tap water, freeze at -18°C or below for at least 4 hours, take out and thaw naturally, crush with a high-speed tissue crusher to make a homogenate, add n-hexane with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:1, and extract by ultrasonic at room temperature for 20 minutes; centrifuge at 8000r / min for 10 minutes, take the supernatant, i.e. the oil layer, and remove the n-hexane in the oil layer by rotary evaporation at 40°C to obtain crude abalone oil, add 1% activated carbon by mass fraction, decolorize and deodorize, and filter to obtain abalone oil. The yield of abalone oil is 3.5%.

[0029] In the description of the invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Take an appropriate amount of cleaned fresh abalone viscera, freeze them at -18°C for at least 4 hours, take them out and thaw them naturally to prepare a homogenate; S2: Take an appropriate amount of homogenate, add an appropriate amount of n-hexane as an extractant, and perform ultrasonic extraction at room temperature; centrifuge at a speed of 6000 r / min or above, the supernatant is the oil layer, remove the n-hexane by rotary evaporation, and then add 0.5% to 1.5% activated carbon for decolorization to obtain abalone oil.

2. A method for preparing abalone oil using abalone viscera as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S2, take an appropriate amount of homogenate, add n-hexane as an extractant with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:0.5-1:2 (i.e., the volume ratio of the homogenate to n-hexane is 1:0.5-1:2), perform ultrasonic extraction at room temperature for 20 minutes; centrifuge at a speed of 6000 r / min or above for 10 minutes, remove n-hexane from the supernatant, i.e., the oil layer, by rotary evaporation at 40° C., and then add 0.5%-1.5% activated carbon for decolorization to obtain abalone oil.