High-precision static sounding device and method for detecting soil engineering parameters of different depths in horizontal direction

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision static sounding device and method for detecting soil engineering parameters in the horizontal direction at different depths, the high-precision static sounding device comprises a controller and a liftable test bed, the liftable test bed is provided with a horizontal sliding rail, the horizontal sliding rail is provided with a connecting rod capable of moving along the horizontal sliding rail, and the connecting rod is provided with a connecting rod. A probe for detecting soil engineering parameters in the horizontal direction is arranged at the front end of the connecting rod, an impact cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the connecting rod, a gas tank is arranged at the tail end of the impact cylinder, and the gas tank and the impact cylinder are respectively connected with a pressure tank; the controller controls the probe to penetrate into or be extracted from the soil body at a set impact speed by controlling the pressure tank, the gas tank and the impact cylinder, and meanwhile, the probe transmits detected data to the controller in the detection process. Continuous detection of soil bodies in the horizontal direction at different depths can be carried out on an engineering site, meanwhile, the penetration acceleration can be accurately controlled, continuous detection data at various speeds can be obtained, and the device has the advantages of being convenient to operate, low in cost, accurate in data and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-precision static penetration device and method for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the economy, tunnel engineering, as an important part of infrastructure construction, has also received more and more attention and investment. In the design and construction process of tunnel engineering, the various properties and engineering parameters of the horizontal soil are crucial. Whether the engineering parameters of the horizontal soil are accurately measured directly affects the success of major engineering construction such as tunneling, coal mining, and chamber excavation. Moreover, an accurate soil detection method can greatly improve the construction progress of tunnel engineering projects and improve the reliability of engineering projects.

[0003] As a commonly used soil detection equipment, static penetration device has the advantages of high test accuracy, large number of samples collected, continuous testing, no sampling required, fast and convenient, etc. It has also been widely used in tunnel engineering. However, the existing static penetration device is generally a vertical detection and fails to obtain horizontal penetration parameters. In tunnel engineering, horizontal geotechnical parameters are also crucial to the design and construction of tunnels. If indoor test methods are used to test horizontal geotechnical parameters, not only is the test cost relatively expensive, but it also takes a lot of time. In addition, there are many limitations in the experimental environment:

[0004] 1. The integrity of the test samples is difficult to ensure.

[0005] 2. The quantity, transportation, and storage of test samples are relatively difficult.

[0006] 3. In the laboratory environment, it is difficult to ensure that the test samples are in actual ground stress conditions. The temperature, humidity, etc. in the laboratory will affect the test results.

[0007] Therefore, developing a high-precision static penetration device that can test horizontal geotechnical parameters on site is of great significance for the design and construction of tunnel projects. Summary of the invention

[0008] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a high-precision static penetration device and method for detecting geotechnical parameters in the horizontal direction at different depths. The device and method can be suitable for in-situ detection of horizontal soil bodies, and can perform continuous detection of horizontal soil bodies at different depths at the construction site. At the same time, the penetration acceleration can be precisely controlled to obtain continuous detection data at various speeds. The device and method have the advantages of easy operation, low cost, and accurate data.

[0009] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in the horizontal direction at different depths, comprising a controller and a liftable test platform, wherein the liftable test platform is provided with a horizontal slide rail, a connecting rod movable along the horizontal slide rail is provided on the horizontal slide rail, a probe for detecting geotechnical parameters in the horizontal direction is provided at the front end of the connecting rod, an impact cylinder is provided at the rear end of the connecting rod, a gas tank is provided at the rear end of the impact cylinder, and the gas tank and the impact cylinder are respectively connected to a pressure tank;

[0011] The controller controls the probe to penetrate or withdraw from the soil at a set impact speed by controlling the pressure tank, the gas tank and the impact cylinder. At the same time, the probe transmits the detected data to the controller during the detection process.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting rod includes a front connecting rod and a rear connecting rod, the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod are connected by a connecting tank, the connecting tank is arranged on a horizontal slide rail, the liftable test bench is provided with a fixed plate between the probe and the connecting tank, and the horizontal slide rail is provided with a guide device for horizontally guiding the movement of the connecting rod, the front connecting rod passes through the fixed plate and the guide device and can move horizontally along the guide device.

[0013] Preferably, an impact block is provided at the tail end of the rear connecting rod, an air storage chamber connected to the gas tank is provided at the tail end of the impact cylinder, and a front chamber is provided at the head end of the impact cylinder, the impact block is embedded in the front chamber, the air storage chamber and the front chamber are connected through a through hole, the air storage chamber is provided with a pressure sensor, a gas flow meter and a solenoid valve, the front chamber is provided with an exhaust assembly connected to the pressure tank, the controller controls the solenoid valve by collecting the numerical values ​​of the pressure sensor and the gas flow meter so that the probe penetrates the soil at a set impact speed, and the controller controls the pressure tank to fill gas into the exhaust assembly so that the probe is withdrawn from the soil.

[0014] Preferably, the change of the gas pressure collected by the pressure sensor over time t is P(t), the change of the gas volume collected by the gas flow meter over time t is V(t), the change of the probe acceleration over time t is a(t), n is the molar constant of the gas, A is the effective area acting on the impact block during impact, then the calculated impact velocity v(t) of the probe at time t is:

[0015]

[0016] Where F(t) is the force acting on the probe, and m is the total mass of the probe, front connecting rod, rear connecting rod and connecting tank;

[0017] The controller adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the air storage chamber through the v(t) calculation formula so that the probe can penetrate the soil at a uniform speed at the set impact speed.

[0018] Preferably, a velocity sensor is provided to monitor the actual impact velocity of the probe. The velocity loss of the probe is set to k, where k is the difference between the calculated impact velocity v of the probe at time t and the actual impact velocity of the probe at time t. The controller is configured to monitor the impact velocity v of the probe at time (t+1). (t+1) To make corrections:

[0019]

[0020] The controller passes v (t+1) The calculation formula adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber so that the probe can penetrate the soil at a uniform speed at a set impact speed.

[0021] Preferably, a cross bracket, a support rod and a control device are provided below the liftable test bench, and the height of the test bench can be adjusted by remote control.

[0022] Correspondingly, the high-precision static penetration method for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Assemble the instrument and adjust the probe to the required detection height;

[0024] Step 2: Set the change of gas pressure collected by the pressure sensor over time t to P(t), the change of gas volume collected by the gas flow meter over time t to V(t), the change of probe acceleration over time t to a(t), n is the molar constant of the gas, A is the area acting on the impact block during impact, then the calculated impact velocity v(t) of the probe at time t is:

[0025]

[0026] Where F(t) is the force acting on the probe, and m is the total mass of the probe, front connecting rod, rear connecting rod and connecting tank;

[0027] The controller adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber through the v(t) calculation formula so that the probe can penetrate the soil at a set impact speed at a uniform speed;

[0028] Step 3: During the detection process, the probe transmits various detected data to the controller;

[0029] Step 4: After the detection is completed, the controller controls the pressure tank to input gas into the impact cylinder, and controls the probe to gradually retract until it is completely separated from the soil.

[0030] Preferably, during the detection process, the controller collects the actual impact velocity of the probe, sets the probe velocity loss to k, where k is the difference between the calculated impact velocity v of the probe at time t and the actual impact velocity of the probe at time t, and the controller calculates the impact velocity v of the probe at time (t+1) (t+1) To make corrections:

[0031]

[0032] The controller passes v (t+1) The calculation formula adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber so that the probe can penetrate the soil at a uniform speed at a set impact speed.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] First, the present invention uses the strong impact of the impact cylinder to allow the front end of the probe to gradually penetrate into the soil, thereby obtaining continuous and accurate soil parameters. It can accurately measure the physical and mechanical properties of the soil without destroying the soil, providing important reference data for soil engineering design and construction. The device has the advantages of simple operation, easy use, and high efficiency, and is an efficient and accurate soil testing tool.

[0035] Second, the present invention can accurately control the impact speed of the probe by adjusting the gas pressure and volume. The data reading accuracy of the static penetration device under the control of the unmodified impact speed formula is 1 cm. The data reading accuracy reaches 0.5 cm when the speed formula proposed by the present invention is used to control the penetration of the static penetration device, and the data reading accuracy is improved by 50%. Accurate control and real-time adjustment can reduce the risk of system failure and probe damage. Compared with the existing static penetration device, the static penetration device of the present invention has higher safety and reliability.

[0036] Third, the present invention reduces the loss of velocity through the improved formula to ensure that the probe can penetrate at a predetermined speed and force and maintain the continuity of the collected data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0039] Figure 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the horizontal probe of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a simplified cross-sectional view of the front end of the probe of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liftable test bench of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure tank of the present invention;

[0043] The meanings of the marks in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1: probe; 2: horizontal slide rail; 3: guide device; 4: connecting tank; 5: connecting rod; 5-1: front connecting rod; 5-2: rear connecting rod; 6: impact cylinder; 7: gas tank; 8: pressure tank; 9: main data line; 10: data line a; 11: data line b; 12: solenoid valve; 13: liftable test bench; 14: cross bracket; 15: support rod; 16: dial; 17: bifurcation interface; 18: electronic controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0045] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the names and descriptions of the components in the figure are as follows:

[0046] 1. Probe: The key to the entire device. It is equipped with various sensors inside. During the penetration of the drill bit, it can detect various engineering parameters of the soil in real time, continuously and accurately, and transmit the data at the detection point to the controller (or host computer and other devices, which can be understood as the controller of the present invention) through the built-in data line.

[0047] 2. Horizontal slide rail: fixed on the liftable test bench. Figure 1 There are three horizontal slide rails, and the horizontal probe is arranged on the horizontal slide rails through a guide device, so that the probe can move along the horizontal direction on the horizontal slide rails.

[0048] 3. Guide device: It can set the connecting rod of the probe on the horizontal slide rail and ensure that the direction of the probe does not deviate. The guide device remains stationary during the movement of the probe.

[0049] 4. Connecting tank: It connects the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod. A data line outlet is provided at the connection point, from which data is transmitted. It also supports the probe and the middle rod to prevent sinking and deformation. The connecting tank is set on a horizontal slide rail. The connecting tank keeps moving synchronously during the movement of the probe.

[0050] 5. Connecting rods: There are two in total. The front end of the front connecting rod 5-1 is connected to the probe, and the rear end of the rear connecting rod 5-2 is located in the impact cylinder. The connection between the two rods is located in the connecting tank, and there is a large flat surface (i.e., impact block) at the tail end of the rear connecting rod. When impacted by gas, it is used to push the horizontal probe forward or pull the horizontal probe backward.

[0051] 6. Impact cylinder: It is a key device to control the probe to penetrate the soil. The gas in the impact cylinder impacts the probe, thereby controlling the horizontal movement of the probe. It is equipped with a solenoid valve and gas pressure, volume, speed sensors, etc. to control the occurrence of impact and detect the speed of the impact block. The impact cylinder is also equipped with a quick exhaust component, which can generate greater force during the impact process and facilitate the propulsion of gas. In addition, by inflating the cylinder with air through the exhaust component, the horizontal probe can gradually move backward and return to its original position.

[0052] 7. Gas tank: It stores gas from a pressure tank, making it more convenient to use gas impact on the impact cylinder.

[0053] 8. Pressure tank: It is equipped with two pipelines, which respectively control the gas input into the gas tank and connect the quick exhaust device to control the filling of gas into the impact cylinder. The input and output can be controlled by the connected controller (or host computer).

[0054] 9. Main data line: connects the data line a from inside the probe and the data line b of the solenoid valve, which can collect the data collected by the probe and transmit the impact signal to control the generation of impact.

[0055] 10. Data line a: The data line from inside the probe can transmit the soil engineering parameter information detected by the probe, and is connected to the main data line to be transmitted to the controller (or host computer).

[0056] 11. Data line b: The data line from the solenoid valve can transmit the impact signal, detect the speed of the impact block in the impact cylinder, and transmit it back to the controller (or host computer).

[0057] 12. Solenoid valve: It can be controlled by the controller (or host computer) to send impact signals to the impact cylinder to control the occurrence of impact.

[0058] 13. Liftable test bench: A platform that carries all devices, equipped with slide rails, fixed plates, etc. The height of the test bench can be adjusted according to test requirements.

[0059] 14. Cross bracket: retractable, supports the test bench and adjusts the height of the test bench.

[0060] 15. Support rod: supports the test bench, fixes it to the required height and keeps it stable.

[0061] 16. Dial: Displays the output gas flow rate and can detect the amount of gas passing through.

[0062] 17. Bifurcation interface: Divide the pressure tank outlet into two parts to control the different directions of the gas (pressure tank and impact cylinder), so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the horizontal probe to move forward or backward.

[0063] 18. Electronic controller: It can be connected to a controller (or host computer) to control the direction of gas flow through the controller (or host computer) to further control the movement of the probe.

[0064] A high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in the horizontal direction at different depths includes a controller and a liftable test platform 13, on which a horizontal slide rail 2 ( Figure 1 The middle horizontal slide rail 2 consists of three parallel rails arranged in a triangle. A connecting rod 5 which can move along the horizontal slide rail 2 is arranged on the horizontal slide rail 2. A probe 1 for detecting geotechnical parameters in the horizontal direction is arranged at the front end of the connecting rod 5. An impact cylinder 6 is arranged at the tail end of the connecting rod 5. A gas tank 7 is arranged at the tail end of the impact cylinder 6. The gas tank 7 and the impact cylinder 6 are respectively connected to a pressure tank 8.

[0065] The controller controls the probe 1 to penetrate or withdraw from the soil at a set impact speed by controlling the pressure tank 8, the gas tank 7 and the impact cylinder 6. At the same time, the probe 1 transmits the detected data to the controller during the detection process.

[0066] The pressure tank 8 is mainly used to store gas and provide power for the impact cylinder. The pressure tank can be equipped with an electronic controller to control the direction of the gas, and then control the horizontal probe to move forward or backward, making the operation more convenient and quick. The pressure tank 8 is also equipped with pressure sensors, gas flow meters and other devices to monitor the pressure changes of the gas, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the device.

[0067] The probe 1 can adopt existing technology, for example, Figure 4 In the figure, the front end of the probe 1 is a conical shell, and the conical shell is connected to the front connecting rod 5-1, and a filter ring, a water sealing ring, a soil sealing ring, etc. are arranged between the two. A pore pressure sensor is arranged inside the conical shell to detect the pressure change of the soil around the probe; a cone tip sensor is arranged to detect the change of the resistance size transmitted from the cone tip during the penetration of the probe; an inclinometer is arranged to enable the probe to keep the direction unchanged during the penetration process; and a temperature sensor, a side wall sensor, etc. are also arranged to detect various engineering parameters of the soil during the penetration of the probe.

[0068] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the connecting rod 5 includes a front connecting rod 5-1 and a rear connecting rod 5-2, and the front connecting rod 5-1 and the rear connecting rod 5-2 are connected by a connecting tank 4, and the connecting tank 4 is arranged on the horizontal slide rail 2. The probe 1, the front connecting rod 5-1, the rear connecting rod 5-2 and the connecting tank 4 together form a horizontal probe as a whole, and the whole moves forward or backward under the control of the controller.

[0069] The liftable test bench 13 is provided with a fixed plate between the probe 1 and the connecting tank 4 and a guide device 3 for horizontally guiding the movement of the connecting rod 5 is provided on the horizontal slide rail 2. The front connecting rod 5-1 passes through the fixed plate and the guide device 3 and can move horizontally along the guide device 3.

[0070] Preferably, a cross bracket 14, a support rod 15 and a control device are provided below the liftable test bench 13, and the height of the test bench can be adjusted by remote control so that it can be fixed to a desired height and remain stable.

[0071] Preferably, the tail of the rear connecting rod 5-2 is provided with an impact block, and the impact cylinder 6 can also adopt the existing technology, and the tail end thereof is provided with an air storage chamber connected to the gas tank 7 and the head end of the impact cylinder 6 is provided with a front chamber, and the impact block is embedded in the front chamber, and the air storage chamber and the front chamber are connected through a through hole, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the front chamber, and is also smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air storage chamber. The existing impact cylinder includes an air storage chamber, a rod chamber, a rodless chamber, a sealing piston, a piston rod and other components. The impact block part in the present invention is equivalent to the sealing piston, the rod part of the rear connecting rod 5-2 is equivalent to the piston rod, and the front chamber is equivalent to the overall chamber composed of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber. The impact cylinder can be adjusted as needed to adapt to different types of soil and different testing requirements.

[0072] The gas storage chamber is provided with a pressure sensor, a gas flow meter and a solenoid valve 12, etc. The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure in the gas storage chamber, and the gas flow meter is used to monitor the gas volume (i.e., flow) input into the gas storage chamber during each impact. When the set conditions are met, the solenoid valve 12 is opened or closed. The front chamber is provided with an exhaust assembly connected to the pressure tank 8. The controller controls the solenoid valve 12 by collecting the numerical values ​​of the pressure sensor and the gas flow meter so that the probe 1 penetrates the soil at the set impact speed. The controller controls the pressure tank 8 to fill the exhaust assembly with gas so that the probe 1 is withdrawn from the soil.

[0073] Because gravity has no effect on the movement of the impact block (because the device is in a horizontal direction), a pneumatic system is used to apply force. When the impact signal is transmitted to the solenoid valve, the gas in the air storage chamber passes through the smaller cross-section through-hole, causing the impact to occur.

[0074] By adjusting the gas pressure and volume, the force and acceleration during the impact can be precisely controlled. In order to prevent air resistance, an exhaust assembly is installed in the impact direction (a quick exhaust assembly is used to facilitate the propulsion of gas). This quick exhaust assembly can quickly exhaust the air in the impact cylinder to prevent the increase in impact speed caused by air resistance, so that the horizontal probe can gradually penetrate the soil under the action of the impact force. In addition, the pressure tank can input gas into the impact cylinder through the exhaust assembly. After the detection phase is over, the exhaust assembly can be used to fill the impact cylinder with gas, so that the horizontal probe can move backward until it returns to its original position.

[0075] Preferably, the change of the gas pressure collected by the pressure sensor over time t is P(t), the change of the gas volume collected by the gas flow meter over time t is V(t), the change of the acceleration of the probe 1 over time t is a(t), n is the molar constant of the gas, A is the effective area acting on the impact block during impact (that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact block), then the calculated impact velocity v(t) of the probe 1 at time t is:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, F(t) is the power acting on the probe 1, that is, the power acting on the impact block, and m is the total mass of the probe 1, the front connecting rod 5-1, the rear connecting rod 5-2 and the connecting tank 4.

[0078] The controller adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber through the v(t) calculation formula so that the probe 1 penetrates the soil at a uniform speed at a set impact speed, and can accurately control the speed of the probe during impact.

[0079] Preferably, a speed sensor is provided to monitor the actual impact speed of the probe 1 (since the probe and the connecting rod move synchronously, the speed sensor can be provided at any position of the synchronously moving whole, as long as the moving speed can be detected). The speed loss of the probe 1 is set to k, where k is the difference between the calculated impact speed v of the probe 1 at time t and the actual impact speed of the probe 1 at time t. The controller calculates the impact speed v of the probe 1 at time (t+1) (t+1) To make corrections:

[0080]

[0081] The controller passes v (t+1) The calculation formula adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber so that the probe 1 penetrates the soil at a set impact speed. Considering the existence of the velocity loss k, the corresponding gas pressure will also change. The velocity loss k is introduced into the velocity calculation formula, and a more accurate impact velocity is finally obtained. The penetration velocity of the probe can be dynamically adjusted to reduce the impact of the velocity loss and ensure a more accurate and efficient penetration process.

[0082] Correspondingly, the high-precision static penetration method for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths includes the following steps:

[0083] Step 1, assemble the instrument and adjust the probe 1 to the required detection height;

[0084] Step 2: Set the change of gas pressure collected by the pressure sensor over time t to P(t), the change of gas volume collected by the gas flow meter over time t to V(t), the change of acceleration of probe 1 over time t to a(t), n is the molar constant of the gas, A is the area acting on the impact block during impact, then the calculated impact velocity v(t) of probe 1 at time t is:

[0085]

[0086] Wherein, F(t) is the power acting on the probe 1, and m is the total mass of the probe 1, the front connecting rod 5-1, the rear connecting rod 5-2 and the connecting tank 4;

[0087] The controller adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber through the v(t) calculation formula so that the probe 1 penetrates the soil at a set impact speed at a uniform speed;

[0088] Step 3: During the detection process, the probe 1 transmits various detected data to the controller;

[0089] Step 4: After the detection is completed, the controller controls the pressure tank 8 to input gas into the impact cylinder 6, and controls the probe 1 to gradually retract until it is completely separated from the soil.

[0090] Preferably, during the detection process, the controller collects the actual impact velocity of the probe 1, sets the velocity loss of the probe 1 to k, where k is the difference between the calculated impact velocity v of the probe 1 at time t and the actual impact velocity of the probe 1 at time t, and the controller calculates the impact velocity v of the probe 1 at time (t+1) (t+1) To make corrections:

[0091]

[0092] The controller passes v (t+1) The calculation formula adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber so that the probe 1 penetrates the soil at a uniform speed at a set impact speed.

[0093] The present invention uses a strong impact of the impact cylinder to gradually penetrate the front end of the probe into the soil, thereby obtaining continuous and accurate soil parameters. The present invention is applicable to any kind of soil and can accurately measure the physical and mechanical properties of the soil at different heights without destroying the soil, providing important reference data for soil engineering design and construction. The device has the advantages of simple operation, convenient use, high efficiency, etc. It is an efficient and accurate soil testing tool. After the soil detection is completed, the device can be gradually dismantled for easy transportation and reuse.

[0094] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in different depths and horizontal directions, characterized in that: The invention comprises a controller and a liftable test platform (13), wherein the liftable test platform (13) is provided with a horizontal slide rail (2), the horizontal slide rail (2) is provided with a connecting rod (5) movable along the horizontal slide rail (2), the front end of the connecting rod (5) is provided with a probe (1) for detecting geotechnical parameters in the horizontal direction, the rear end of the connecting rod (5) is provided with an impact cylinder (6), the rear end of the impact cylinder (6) is provided with a gas tank (7), and the gas tank (7) and the impact cylinder (6) are respectively connected to a pressure tank (8); The controller controls the probe (1) to penetrate into or withdraw from the soil at a set impact speed by controlling the pressure tank (8), the gas tank (7) and the impact cylinder (6), and the probe (1) transmits the detected data to the controller during the detection process.

2. The high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting rod (5) comprises a front connecting rod (5-1) and a rear connecting rod (5-2), wherein the front connecting rod (5-1) and the rear connecting rod (5-2) are connected via a connecting tank (4), wherein the connecting tank (4) is arranged on a horizontal slide rail (2), wherein the liftable test bench (13) is provided with a fixing plate between the probe (1) and the connecting tank (4), and a guiding device (3) for horizontally guiding the movement of the connecting rod (5) is arranged on the horizontal slide rail (2), wherein the front connecting rod (5-1) passes through the fixing plate and the guiding device (3) and can move horizontally along the guiding device (3).

3. The high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear end of the rear connecting rod (5-2) is provided with an impact block, the rear end of the impact cylinder (6) is provided with an air storage chamber connected to the gas tank (7), and the head end of the impact cylinder (6) is provided with a front chamber, the impact block is embedded in the front chamber, the air storage chamber and the front chamber are connected through a through hole, the air storage chamber is provided with a pressure sensor, a gas flow meter and a solenoid valve (12), the front chamber is provided with an exhaust assembly connected to the pressure tank (8), the controller controls the solenoid valve (12) by collecting the numerical values ​​of the pressure sensor and the gas flow meter so that the probe (1) penetrates the soil at a set impact speed, and the controller controls the pressure tank (8) to fill the exhaust assembly with gas so that the probe (1) is withdrawn from the soil.

4. The high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to claim 3, characterized in that: The change of the gas pressure collected by the pressure sensor over time t is P(t), the change of the gas volume collected by the gas flow meter over time t is V(t), the change of the acceleration of the probe (1) over time t is a(t), n is the molar constant of the gas, A is the effective area acting on the impact block during impact, then the calculated impact velocity v(t) of the probe (1) at time t is: Wherein, F(t) is the force acting on the probe (1), and m is the total mass of the probe (1), the front connecting rod (5-1), the rear connecting rod (5-2) and the connecting tank (4); The controller adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber through the v(t) calculation formula so that the probe (1) penetrates the soil at a uniform speed at a set impact speed.

5. The high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to claim 4, characterized in that: A speed sensor is also provided for monitoring the actual impact speed of the probe (1). The speed loss of the probe (1) is set to k, where k is the difference between the calculated impact speed v of the probe (1) at time t and the actual impact speed of the probe (1) at time t. The controller is configured to monitor the impact speed v of the probe (1) at time (t+1). (t+1) To make corrections: The controller passes v (t+1) The calculation formula adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber so that the probe (1) penetrates the soil at a set impact speed at a uniform speed.

6. The high-precision static penetration device for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross support (14), a support rod (15) and a control device are arranged below the liftable test bench (13), and the height of the test bench is adjusted by remote control.

7. A high-precision static penetration method for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, assemble the instrument and adjust the probe (1) to the required detection height; Step 2: The change of the gas pressure collected by the pressure sensor over time t is P(t), the change of the gas volume collected by the gas flow meter over time t is V(t), the change of the acceleration of the probe (1) over time t is a(t), n is the molar constant of the gas, A is the effective area acting on the impact block during impact, then the calculated impact velocity v(t) of the probe (1) at time t is: Wherein, F(t) is the force acting on the probe (1), and m is the total mass of the probe (1), the front connecting rod (5-1), the rear connecting rod (5-2) and the connecting tank (4); The controller adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber through the v(t) calculation formula so that the probe (1) penetrates the soil at a uniform speed at a set impact speed; Step 3, during the detection process, the probe (1) transmits various detected data to the controller; Step 4: After the detection is completed, the controller controls the pressure tank (8) to input gas into the impact cylinder (6), and controls the probe (1) to gradually retract until it is completely separated from the soil.

8. The high-precision static penetration method for detecting geotechnical parameters in horizontal directions at different depths according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the detection process, the controller collects the actual impact velocity of the probe (1) and sets the velocity loss of the probe (1) to k, where k is the difference between the calculated impact velocity v of the probe (1) at time t and the actual impact velocity of the probe (1) at time t. The controller calculates the impact velocity v of the probe (1) at time (t+1) (t+1) To make corrections: The controller passes v (t+1) The calculation formula adjusts the gas pressure and volume in the gas storage chamber so that the probe (1) penetrates the soil at a set impact speed at a uniform speed.

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