Supporting structure and construction method for rapid repair of slumping subgrade slope

Abstract

This invention relates to a support structure and construction method for rapid repair of landslide-affected roadbed slopes, belonging to the field of roadbed engineering emergency repair. The support structure is a pile-slab support structure, composed of steel piles and hollow precast diaphragms. The steel piles include bottom segments, standard segments, splicing pins, and splicing bolts. Both the bottom and standard segments include multiple splicing grooves at their top. The hollow precast diaphragms include bottom segments, standard segments, splicing pins, and splicing bolts. Both bottom and standard segments include multiple splicing grooves at their top. The pile-slab support structure of this invention features simple construction, high efficiency and convenience, high strength, good versatility, safety and reliability, wide applicability, and energy saving and economy. It can be used to achieve rapid restoration of traffic on damaged roads and provide a closed, efficient, and safe construction environment for rapid repair of landslide-affected roadbed slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of roadbed engineering emergency repair, specifically relating to a support structure and construction method for rapid emergency repair of landslide roadbed slopes. Background Technology

[0002] my country has many mountainous areas with complex terrain, and numerous roads are built along mountainsides, creating a vast number of roadbed slopes. Under the influence of extreme weather or human disturbance, the stability of roadbed slopes can decrease sharply, even leading to complete landslides and traffic disruptions. Furthermore, roadbed slope collapses not only threaten people's lives and property but also hinder the normal operation of social life and production. To reduce the severe losses caused by roadbed slope collapses, it is necessary to develop corresponding rapid and efficient emergency repair and support structures for collapsed roadbed slopes, along with safe and simple construction methods.

[0003] Currently, structures such as anti-slide piles, prestressed anchor cable frame beams, and retaining walls can be used to treat landslide-affected roadbed slopes. These structures possess strong support capabilities, but their large component size and on-site casting characteristics make their construction complex and time-consuming, making them unsuitable for rapid repair of landslide-affected roadbed slopes. Furthermore, these structures are costly to construct, often involving large-scale excavation of the landslide-affected slope, requiring substantial material and human resources, which is not conducive to minimizing the losses caused by landslides. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve rapid, simple, safe, efficient, energy-saving, and low-cost repair and structural reinforcement of landslide-affected roadbed slopes, and it is not easy to achieve the goal of rapid road repair and traffic restoration.

[0004] Chinese invention patent application CN201910650107.3 discloses a combined anchored shoulder retaining wall and its construction method, which addresses the problem that existing designs of shoulder retaining walls for certain road conditions are prone to rock landslides, and that the construction process is cumbersome and the construction period is long. The technical solution adopted is: a combined anchored shoulder retaining wall, which is composed of at least two retaining wall unit modules assembled sequentially along the road direction. The retaining wall unit includes an outer longitudinal reinforced concrete precast slab, an inner longitudinal reinforced concrete precast slab, and a transverse reinforced concrete precast slab located on the slope; the inner, outer, and inner longitudinal reinforced concrete precast slabs are connected by tension anchors, and the transverse reinforced concrete precast slab is connected by connecting anchors; the three form a concrete pouring area, and the outer longitudinal reinforced concrete precast slab is also equipped with prestressed anchor cables. This invention features modular manufacturing, fewer construction steps, shorter construction period, and higher efficiency, providing a reference for the design and construction of shoulder retaining walls in emergency repair projects and projects with tight schedules. Although the invention can provide effective protection for slopes, the structures are all non-prefabricated and require on-site construction, which places high demands on the on-site safety construction environment and makes it difficult to cope with the rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes.

[0005] Chinese invention patent application CN202011420408.6 discloses a comprehensive landslide protection system and method using pile-slab construction. This system involves setting up standardized foundation templates, a sliding track leveling and repair mold, and a vegetation hanging trough device for the slab surface. Standardized foundation templates are erected between adjacent anti-slide piles. Concrete is poured within the space enclosed by the foundation templates and anti-slide piles to form a retaining slab foundation. Retaining slabs are then hoisted layer by layer onto this foundation, with the retaining slabs anchored to the anti-slide piles using pre-reserved anchor rods. After installation, the sliding track leveling and repair mold is installed using the drainage holes in the retaining slabs. This mold is used to level the outer surface of the anti-slide piles, and hooks on the outer surface of the retaining slabs are used to install vegetation hanging troughs. This landslide protection system employs a construction method of first pouring anti-slide piles and then excavating for repair, effectively reducing the safety risks of landslide protection construction. It offers significant technical benefits, high safety, good ecological effects, and outstanding economic and technical benefits. However, this invention requires existing anti-slide piles for implementation, making it unsuitable for emergency repairs of landslide-affected roadbed slopes. Furthermore, structures such as retaining wall foundations require in-situ casting, making rapid support difficult. Additionally, the retaining walls are constructed by sequentially stacking them from bottom to top, with anchor bolts connecting the sides of the retaining walls to the rear of the anti-slide piles. This method presents numerous construction inconveniences during emergency repairs and makes it impossible to carry out sequential construction from bottom to top on landslide-affected slopes that have not been cleared or emptied.

[0006] Chinese utility model patent CN202223142753.5 discloses a slope protection structure, including precast cement piles, precast cement slabs, and precast cement blocks, as well as embedded reinforcing bars and reinforcing bar insertion holes. Precast cement slabs are vertically arranged at equal intervals between the backs of the precast cement piles, and precast cement blocks are evenly arranged at the top of the precast cement piles. Each end of a precast cement block is attached to a corresponding precast cement pile. Embedded reinforcing bars are vertically embedded at the corners of the precast cement piles, and reinforcing bar insertion holes corresponding to the embedded reinforcing bars are opened at the corners of the bottom of each precast cement block. This application, through a simple cement overlapping and binding structure, effectively protects the riverbank slopes by preventing soil erosion and effectively solving the problem of landslides caused by river flow carrying and eroding riverbank soil, which affects the foundation safety of roads and residences on both banks. However, the length of this utility model patent pile is limited, making it difficult to effectively treat medium and large landslides. At the same time, the pile plates are connected by binding, resulting in poor synergistic anti-sliding effect, inconvenience in construction, and difficulty in penetrating the landslide body into the pile plates for construction.

[0007] Therefore, there is still a need in this field for a new support structure and construction method for the rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Therefore, the present invention first provides a support structure for rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes, the support structure being a pile-slab support structure, and consisting of steel piles (12) and hollow prefabricated diaphragms (13);

[0009] The steel pile (12) includes a bottom segment (14), a standard segment (15), a splicing pin (17), and a splicing bolt (18). Both the bottom segment (14) and the standard segment (15) include multiple splicing grooves (16) at their tops for matching with the multiple splicing pins (17). Both the bottom segment (14) and the standard segment (15) include two pile flanges (121) and one pile web (122). The two pile flanges (121) are arranged in parallel and together with the pile web (122) form an I-shaped structure. Embedded grooves (123) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides between the web plates (122) of the steel pile; a sharp structure (141) is provided at the lower end of the bottom block (14) of the steel pile to facilitate wedging into the soil layer; the steel pile splicing pin (17) is provided at the lower end of the standard block (15) of the steel pile; steel pile screw holes (124) are provided at the top of the bottom block (14) of the steel pile, at the top of the standard block (15) of the steel pile, and at the bottom of the standard block (15) of the steel pile splicing pin (17); the steel pile screw holes (124) are used for the steel pile splicing screw (18) to pass through.

[0010] The hollow prefabricated partition (13) includes a bottom section (20), a standard section (21), a splicing pin (23), and a splicing screw (25). Both the bottom section (20) and the standard section (21) include multiple splicing grooves (22) located at their tops and used to match the multiple splicing pins (23). Both the bottom section (20) and the standard section (21) include a rectangular partition web (131) and partition wings (132) located on the left and right sides of the partition web (131). The partition web (131) forms the hollow structure (133) of the partition. The partition wings (132) are used to engage the steel piles (12). The partition is embedded in the groove (123); the lower end of the bottom block (20) of the partition is provided with a gradient structure (201) that facilitates wedging into the soil layer; the lower end of the standard block (21) of the partition is provided with the partition splicing pin (23); partition screw holes (134) are provided at the top of the partition web (131) of the bottom block (20), at the top of the partition web (131) of the standard block (21) of the partition, and at the bottom of the partition splicing pin (23) of the standard block (21), and the partition screw holes (134) are used for the partition splicing screw (25) to pass through; and multiple pre-embedded drainage holes (24) are provided in the thickness direction of the bottom block (20) and the standard block (21) of the partition.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, the steel pile (12) further includes a short steel column (19), which is used to hammer the bottom segment (14) and standard segment (15) of the steel pile into the soil during the construction of the steel pile. The lower end of the short steel column (19) is provided with a steel pile splicing pin (17), the top of the short steel column (19) is provided with a handle (191), and the side of the short steel column (19) is provided with an embedding groove (123). Preferably, the short steel column (19) is a U-shaped short steel column with an embedding groove (123) on only one side.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, the hollow precast partition (13) further includes a cap plate (26), which is used to hammer the bottom segment (20) and the standard segment (21) of the partition into the soil during the construction of the hollow precast partition (13). The lower end of the cap plate (26) is provided with a partition splicing pin (23), the top of the cap plate (26) is provided with a handle (261), and the side of the cap plate (26) is provided with a cap plate wing plate (262) that matches the embedding groove (123) of the steel pile (12).

[0013] The present invention also provides a construction method for rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes, wherein the pile-slab support structure described above is used; and the construction method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Construction begins at the shoulders of the stable sections on both sides of the landslide roadbed slope and proceeds symmetrically towards the middle of the damaged section. There is no need to unload and clear the landslide material in the landslide roadbed slope beforehand; and steel pile construction is carried out first.

[0015] S2: After the construction of two adjacent steel piles is completed, construct the hollow precast diaphragm.

[0016] S3: Repeat steps S1 and S2 until the pile-slab support structure is closed, then backfill the original soil of the slope to the initial elevation.

[0017] In one specific implementation, step S1 includes the following steps:

[0018] S1-1: First, position the bottom section of the steel pile in the predetermined position, and then insert the short steel column downward into the bottom section of the steel pile. Hammer the steel pile vertically, leaving a height of 30-100cm at the top of the bottom section of the steel pile before embedding it into the soil, in preparation for the construction of the first standard section of the steel pile. Then, remove the short steel column.

[0019] S1-2: Next, embed the first standard steel pile segment downwards into the bottom segment of the steel pile, and lock the upper and lower segments with steel pile splicing bolts. Then, embed the short steel column downwards into the standard steel pile segment and hammer it into the steel pile in a vertical direction. Leave a height of 30-100cm at the top of the standard steel pile segment without embedding it into the soil to prepare for the construction of the next standard steel pile segment. Remove the short steel column. According to the set pile length, splice one or multiple standard steel pile segments in sequence according to the method in this step.

[0020] In one specific implementation, step S2 includes the following steps:

[0021] S2-1: After completing the construction of two adjacent steel piles, install short steel columns on the top of both adjacent steel piles; use the embedded groove of the short steel columns to position the bottom segment of the partition plate, and embed the cap plate downward into the bottom segment of the partition plate, hammer it into the partition plate in a vertical direction, leaving a height of 30-100cm at the top of the bottom segment of the partition plate without embedding it into the short steel column, in preparation for the construction of the first standard segment of the partition plate, and then remove the cap plate;

[0022] S2-2: Next, insert the first standard partition block downwards into the bottom block of the partition, and lock the two blocks together with the partition splicing screws. Then, insert the cap plate downwards into the standard partition block and hammer it into the partition in a vertical direction. Leave a height of 30-100cm at the top of the standard partition block before embedding it into the short steel column, in preparation for the construction of the next standard partition block. Remove the cap plate. According to the set board length, splice one or multiple standard partition blocks in sequence according to the method in this step.

[0023] S2-3: After the construction of the hollow precast diaphragm is completed, the short steel columns at the top of the steel piles on both sides are removed to be used for pouring concrete to fill the hollow precast diaphragm.

[0024] The pile-slab support structure described in this invention features simple construction, high efficiency and convenience, high strength, good versatility, safety and reliability, wide applicability, and energy saving and economy. It can not only be used to quickly restore traffic on damaged roads, but also provide a closed, efficient and safe construction environment for the rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes, which is very beneficial for the emergency treatment of landslide roadbed slopes. At the same time, its own structure is reliable and has high strength, which can serve as a reliable guarantee for the long-term normal use of landslide roadbed slopes.

[0025] In this invention, the pile length is extended by splicing, so that the pile length is no longer limited; the pile plate embedding setting in this invention has significantly better reliability and construction convenience than the binding method in the prior art.

[0026] The construction method described in this invention can achieve the goal of rapid, simple, safe, efficient, energy-saving and low-cost repair and structural reinforcement of landslide roadbed slopes, improve the emergency repair efficiency of damaged roads, and thus achieve the goal of quickly restoring traffic operation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pile-slab support structure for emergency repair of landslide roadbed slopes according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the pile-slab support structure for emergency repair of landslide roadbed slopes according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the pile-slab support structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 Figure 1 shows the basic structural diagram of the steel pile of the present invention; wherein Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the bottom block of the steel pile, Figure 3b is a horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom block and the standard block of the steel pile, Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of the standard block of the steel pile, Figure 5d is a schematic diagram of the splicing pin of the steel pile, Figure 6e is a schematic diagram of the splicing bolt of the steel pile, and Figure 7f is a schematic diagram of the short steel column.

[0031] Figure 5Figure 1 shows a partial basic structural diagram of the hollow prefabricated partition of the present invention. Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the bottom block of the partition, Figure 3b is a schematic diagram of the standard block of the partition, and Figure 4c is a horizontal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the bottom block and the standard block of the partition.

[0032] Figure 6 This is another basic structural diagram of the hollow prefabricated partition of the present invention. Figure a is a schematic diagram of the partition splicing pin, Figure b is a schematic diagram of the partition splicing screw, Figure c is a schematic diagram of the hole filling structure of the pre-embedded drainage hole, and Figure d is a schematic diagram of the cap plate.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the steel pile splicing construction and splicing process of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction and splicing process of the hollow prefabricated partition of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the pile-slab support structure of the present invention.

[0036] The components include: 1. Landslide roadbed slope; 2. Pile-slab support structure; 3. Road surface; 4. Shoulder; 5. Slope surface; 6. Slope bottom; 7. Landslide body; 8. Slippage surface; 9. Lower stable soil layer; 10. Stable section; 11. Failed section; 12. Steel pile; 13. Hollow precast diaphragm; 14. Steel pile bottom segment; 15. Steel pile standard segment; 16. Steel pile splicing trench; 17. Steel pile splicing pin; 18. Steel pile splicing bolt; 19. Short steel column; 20. Diaphragm bottom segment; 21. Diaphragm standard segment; 22. 23. Plate splicing sinkhole; 24. Partition splicing pin; 25. Pre-embedded drainage hole; 26. Partition splicing bolt; 27. Cap plate; 18. Steel pile wing plate; 19. Steel pile web plate; 20. Embedded groove; 21. Steel pile bolt hole; 22. Partition web plate; 23. Partition wing plate; 24. Hollow structure; 25. Partition bolt hole; 26. Sharp structure; 27. Handle; 28. Gradient structure; 29. ​​Sand and gravel material; 20. Steel wire mesh; 21. Handle; 22. Cap plate wing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Therefore, this invention designs a pile-slab support structure composed of steel piles and hollow precast diaphragms, and establishes a systematic and effective construction method. This structure is simple to construct, efficient and convenient, has high strength, good versatility, safety and reliability, wide applicability, and is energy-saving and economical, which is very beneficial for the emergency treatment of landslide roadbed slopes.

[0038] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a support structure and construction method for rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes, wherein the support structure is a pile-slab support structure.

[0039] Figures 1-3 This is a schematic diagram of the pile-slab support structure in this invention. Figure 1 The middle arrow points to the direction of the landslide roadbed slope; Figure 2 The shorter distance represents the embedment length, and the longer distance represents the pile length.

[0040] The characteristics of pile-slab support structures are:

[0041] (1.1) The pile-slab support structure consists of two parts: steel piles and hollow precast diaphragms. The hollow precast diaphragms are connected to the steel piles by embedding, so as to work together to play an anti-sliding and support role, thereby enabling rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes over a large area.

[0042] (1.2) The pile-slab support structure can be arranged in multiple rows as needed, with its top flush with the road surface and preferably arranged at the shoulder, so as to facilitate the rapid filling and repair of the road surface in the landslide roadbed slope, and also to facilitate the safe cleaning and restoration of the slope surface and bottom surface in the landslide roadbed slope.

[0043] (1.3) The pile-slab support structure is arranged parallel to the direction of the landslide roadbed slope and is distributed linearly in space, so as to maximize the support and retaining effect of the pile-slab support structure, and at the same time reduce the construction difficulty of the emergency repair work of the landslide roadbed slope to a certain extent.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the steel pile structure in this invention.

[0045] The characteristics of steel piles are:

[0046] (2.1) The steel pile is a steel structure with an "I" shaped horizontal section. It consists of a web and a flange. The thickness of the web and flange is about 14cm. There is an embedding groove between the web and flange, which can be used to form a fixed structure with the hollow prefabricated partition. In addition, the steel pile has a large bending stiffness as a whole and can be quickly inserted into the slope soil by hammer driving construction.

[0047] (2.2) The steel piles should penetrate the sliding surface of the landslide roadbed slope and be embedded in the stable soil layer in the lower part of the landslide roadbed slope. The embedment length should be 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the pile length to facilitate the anti-sliding effect of the steel piles on the landslide roadbed slope.

[0048] (2.3) The steel piles are designed in a segmented splicing method, including bottom segments and standard segments. Each segment is approximately 200cm long × 40cm wide × 40cm high. This enables modular and lightweight construction, reduces reliance on large machinery during emergency repairs, minimizes the need for manpower and resources, and further shortens the repair time.

[0049] (2.4) The bottom section of the steel pile is installed at the bottom of the pile. The lower part is a solid cone, which is convenient for hammering and driving into the soil layer quickly and reaching the design depth. The upper part is provided with a splicing groove for splicing with the standard section.

[0050] (2.5) Steel pile standard block segment, which is used to extend the pile length. It is a standard modular block segment with splicing pin at the bottom and splicing sinker at the top. Multiple blocks can be continuously spliced ​​to realize standardized construction of steel piles and meet different design pile length requirements.

[0051] (2.6) Steel pile splicing pins are rectangular in shape and arranged on the wing plate in two rows. Each row consists of 3 pins. Each pin is approximately 30cm long × 6cm wide × 6cm high. In addition, the pin has a circular hollow hole with a diameter of 2cm in the middle for installing splicing screws.

[0052] (2.7) Steel pile splicing trench, corresponding to the splicing pin, is also rectangular in shape and arranged on the wing plate in two rows. Each row consists of 3 trenches, and the length × width × height of each trench is the same as that of the splicing pin. In addition, the trench has a through circular hollow hole in the middle, which is the same in position and size as the circular hollow hole in the middle of the pin. It is used to install the splicing bolt and can also be used for the hoisting and splicing of the blocks during construction. That is, the circular hollow hole is used to thread ropes for hoisting.

[0053] (2.8) The splicing bolts in the steel piles are about 2cm in diameter and about 40cm in length. One end is a fixed end and the other end is a nut end, which is used to install the nut and lock the segments in the steel pile, thereby realizing an effective rigid connection between the segments in the steel pile.

[0054] (2.9) During the hammer driving construction of steel piles, a short steel column is provided at the top. Its horizontal cross-section is U-shaped, and its width × height is consistent with the dimensions of each segment in the steel pile. The length of each segment is about 50cm (the length direction of the short steel column is vertical when in use). There is an embedding groove on one side of the U-shape and a splicing pin at the bottom. Both are exactly the same as the embedding groove and splicing pin of the steel pile in terms of position, shape and size. At the same time, considering the temporary use characteristics, there is no circular hollow hole in the middle of the splicing pin of the short steel column. In addition, there are handles on both sides of the top for easy installation and disassembly. The function of the short steel column is to increase the hammer driving area to ensure the stability of the hammer driving construction, avoid directly hitting each segment in the steel pile to protect the steel pile, and have embedding grooves of the same shape and size as the steel pile to facilitate the positioning and guidance of the hollow prefabricated diaphragm embedding construction.

[0055] Figures 5-6 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow prefabricated partition in this invention.

[0056] The characteristics of hollow prefabricated diaphragms are:

[0057] (3.1) The hollow precast diaphragm is a steel structure. The hollow middle part can be filled with concrete later. On the one hand, the precast hollow steel structure is conducive to reducing the amount of steel used, saving costs, and facilitating rapid and lightweight construction. On the other hand, the later cast-in-place concrete can further improve the integrity and support capacity of the precast diaphragm.

[0058] (3.2) The hollow precast diaphragm has thinner wing plates on both sides and a thicker hollow web plate in the middle, which is spindle-shaped in plan. The wing plates are sized to match the embedding grooves of the steel piles, so that they can be inserted into the embedding grooves of the steel piles. Thus, the precast diaphragm and the micro steel piles are connected into a whole. The wall thickness of the wing plates is about 12cm and the wall thickness of the web plate is about 14cm, which meets the strength requirements required for the hammering construction of the diaphragm. In this invention, the hollow precast diaphragm is a hollow spindle-shaped precast diaphragm. The spindle shape means that the middle of the precast diaphragm is thick and the left and right sides are thin.

[0059] (3.3) Hollow precast diaphragms mainly play a role in retaining soil and do not need to penetrate deep into the middle and lower stable soil layer of the landslide roadbed slope. Their bottom only needs to reach 0.5m below the lower stable soil layer.

[0060] (3.4) The hollow precast partition is designed in a segmented splicing method, including bottom segments and standard segments. Each segment is approximately 200cm×200cm×40cm in length×width×height, which can realize modular and lightweight construction, improve construction flexibility, and reduce the constraints of unfavorable on-site construction environment.

[0061] (3.5) The bottom section of the partition is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal partition. The lower part is a solid cone, which is convenient for hammering and driving into the soil layer quickly and reaching the design depth. The upper part is provided with a splicing groove for splicing with the standard section.

[0062] (3.6) Standard block segment of partition, which is used to extend the height of the partition. It is a standard modular block segment with splicing pin at the bottom and splicing groove at the top. Multiple segments can be continuously spliced ​​to realize the standardized construction of hollow prefabricated partition and to meet different design height requirements.

[0063] (3.7) The splicing pins in the hollow prefabricated partition are rectangular in shape and arranged on the web plate in two rows. The length × width × height of the pins are approximately 30cm × 150cm × 6cm. In addition, the pins have a circular hollow hole with a diameter of 2cm in the middle for installing splicing screws.

[0064] (3.8) The splicing trough in the hollow precast partition is also rectangular in shape, corresponding to the splicing pin, and is arranged on the web plate in two rows that are almost continuous, except that they are not connected at the ends. The length × width × height of each trough is the same as that of the splicing pin. In addition, the middle of the trough is provided with a through circular hollow hole with the same position and size as the circular hollow hole in the middle of the pin, which is used to install the splicing bolt and can also be used for the hoisting and splicing of the blocks during construction. That is, the circular hollow hole is used to thread ropes for hoisting.

[0065] (3.9) The splicing screw in the hollow prefabricated partition has a diameter of about 2cm and a length of about 174cm. One end is a fixed end and the other end is a nut end, which is used to install nuts and lock each segment in the hollow prefabricated partition, thereby realizing an effective rigid connection between each segment in the hollow prefabricated partition.

[0066] (3.10) Each hollow precast partition has 4 pre-embedded drainage holes with a diameter of 5cm, a length of 40cm, and a spacing of 100cm. Each pre-embedded drainage hole is filled with sand and gravel, and steel wire mesh is installed on both sides. On the one hand, it effectively drains groundwater inside the roadbed slope, and on the other hand, it prevents the drainage channel from being blocked. Generally, the steel wire mesh is first fixed at one end of the pre-embedded drainage hole, then the hole is filled with sand and gravel, and then the steel wire mesh is fixed at the other end.

[0067] (3.11) When hammering the hollow precast diaphragm into place, a cap plate is provided at the top. Its planar shape is the same as that of the hollow precast diaphragm, but it is solid. Its dimensions are approximately 15cm × 200cm × 40cm (length × width × height). A splicing pin is provided at the bottom. Both the cap plate and the splicing pin are exactly the same as the diaphragm splicing groove in terms of position, shape and size. Considering the temporary use, the cap plate splicing pin does not have a circular hollow hole in the middle. In addition, there are handles on both sides of the top for easy installation and disassembly. The functions of the cap plate are: first, to increase the hammering area and ensure the stability of the hammering construction; and second, to avoid directly hammering the individual sections of the hollow precast diaphragm, thereby protecting the hollow precast diaphragm.

[0068] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the steel pile splicing construction in this invention. The five steps from left to right are: positioning the micro steel pile, embedding the U-shaped short steel column, hammering the pile in, removing the U-shaped short steel column, and splicing the next segment.

[0069] The features of the above-mentioned steel pile construction and splicing of the present invention are as follows:

[0070] (4.1) Position the steel pile in the predetermined position, hammer the steel pile in the vertical direction first, then the standard block, and splice the standard block according to the set pile length.

[0071] (4.2) Before hammering each segment of the steel pile into the pile, the short steel column is first embedded into each segment, and then the hammering is carried out.

[0072] (4.3) When driving steel piles into the ground, a 50cm height is reserved in the construction block so that it is not embedded in the soil, so as to facilitate splicing with the next block;

[0073] (4.4) When splicing the blocks, first remove the short steel column, then insert the splicing pin of the next block into the splicing groove of the construction block, and finally install and lock the splicing bolt.

[0074] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process for splicing hollow prefabricated diaphragms in this invention. The process includes six steps: installing U-shaped short steel columns, positioning the prefabricated diaphragms, installing cap plates, hammering the diaphragms in place, removing the cap plates, and splicing the next segment.

[0075] The features of the above-mentioned hollow prefabricated partition wall construction and splicing of the present invention are as follows:

[0076] (5.1) After the construction of two adjacent steel piles is completed, the construction of hollow precast diaphragms can be carried out.

[0077] (5.2) Before constructing the hollow precast diaphragm, short steel columns are first installed on the top of the steel piles on both sides;

[0078] (5.3) Using the embedded groove of the short steel column, first position the hollow prefabricated partition, and then hammer the horizontal partition into it in the vertical direction.

[0079] (5.4) When constructing hollow precast slabs, first construct the bottom blocks, then the standard blocks, and splice the standard blocks according to the set slab length.

[0080] (5.5) When hammering in the hollow precast diaphragm, first embed the cap plate into the construction block (including the bottom block and the standard block). At the same time, leave a 50cm height in the construction block without embedding the short steel column, so as to facilitate splicing with the next block.

[0081] (5.6) When splicing blocks, first remove the cap plate, then insert the splicing pin of the next block into the splicing groove of the construction block, and finally install and lock the splicing bolt.

[0082] (5.7) After the construction of the hollow precast diaphragm is completed, the short steel columns at the top of the steel piles on both sides are removed, and concrete is poured to fill the hollow precast diaphragm.

[0083] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of the pile-slab support structure in this invention. It includes four steps: constructing two adjacent I-shaped micro-steel columns, constructing hollow spindle-shaped precast transverse diaphragms, repeating the above steps until the connected pile-slab support structure is closed, and backfilling the original slope soil to the initial elevation.

[0084] The construction features of the above-mentioned pile-slab support structure of the present invention are as follows:

[0085] (6.1) The pile-slab support structure is constructed from the shoulders of the stable sections on both sides of the landslide roadbed slope and symmetrically closes towards the middle of the damaged section. There is no need to unload and clear the landslide body in the landslide roadbed slope in advance.

[0086] (6.2) Steel pile construction is carried out first, followed by hollow precast diaphragm construction. Hollow precast diaphragm construction must be carried out after the construction of two adjacent steel piles is completed.

[0087] (6.3) The completed pile-slab support structure can serve as a support and fixing platform for the installation, positioning and hammering equipment required for the unfinished pile-slab support structure.

[0088] (6.4) The pile-slab support structure is constructed sequentially from the stable section to the damaged section of the landslide roadbed slope. The steel piles in the stable section of the landslide roadbed slope are shorter, while the steel piles in the damaged section of the landslide roadbed slope are longer. This means that the pile-slab support structure hammering operation in the early stage of construction has less disturbance to the surrounding soil. At the same time, although the pile-slab support structure hammering operation in the later stage of construction has a greater disturbance to the surrounding soil, the pile-slab support structure completed in the early stage can play a restraining role on the surrounding soil.

[0089] (6.5) After the pile-slab support structure is completed, the original soil of the slope is backfilled to the initial elevation in the road surface section of the collapsed roadbed slope to restore the road surface.

[0090] In this invention, the steel piles are generally integrally formed, and the splicing pins of the steel piles are also integrally formed at the bottom of the standard block segment of the pile. The hollow precast diaphragm is also integrally formed, and its structure is also a steel structure, wherein the splicing pins of the diaphragm are also integrally formed at the bottom of the standard block segment of the diaphragm.

[0091] In this invention, the short steel column and cap plate are only used during the construction process. After the construction is completed, they can be used in other projects. Because the short steel column is generally constructed on only one side, while the other side has been completed or does not yet need to be constructed, the short steel column is generally U-shaped, that is, an embedding groove is only opened on one side.

[0092] Example

[0093] One such Figures 1-9The diagram illustrates a support structure and construction method for the rapid repair of a landslide-affected roadbed slope. The target slope is a residual soil slope on a national highway, approximately 20 meters high with an angle of about 55°. This roadbed slope collapsed under prolonged extreme rainfall, with the collapse extending approximately 15 meters longitudinally along the road surface. The extensive damage severely disrupted normal traffic flow. To ensure the safety of people and property and to quickly restore traffic, a pile-slab support structure and construction method were used for the emergency repair of the roadbed slope.

[0094] The specific steps are as follows:

[0095] (7.1) In accordance with the requirements of the Code for Geotechnical Investigation (GB 50021-2001), an on-site investigation was conducted on the distribution of soil and hydrology of the landslide roadbed slope. The investigation showed that under the action of long-term extreme rainstorms, the shear strength of the existing soil of the roadbed slope was severely reduced, even less than 60% of the design shear strength of the soil, which was the main reason for the landslide of the roadbed slope.

[0096] (7.2) Based on the dimensional parameters of the precast components of the pile-slab support structure, the layout dimensions of the pile-slab support structure are proposed. The starting position of the pile-slab support structure is located on the shoulder of the stable section on both sides of the landslide roadbed slope and about 1.26m away from the damaged section (i.e., the pile-slab support structure is about 17.52m long in the longitudinal direction of the road surface). At the same time, the embedment length of the steel pile is 1 / 2 of the pile length, i.e., 1m, and the embedment length of the hollow precast diaphragm is 0.5m.

[0097] (7.3) In accordance with the design specifications for anti-slide piles in the "Technical Code for Slope Engineering" (GB 50330-2013), and considering the proposed layout dimensions of the pile-slab support structure and the existing soil shear strength of the landslide-prone roadbed slope, based on the slope stability evaluation method recommended in the code and the required safety factor for slope stability, the number of rows of pile-slab support structures is determined. Data shows that under the proposed layout dimensions, one row of pile-slab support structures is sufficient. In addition, there may be a few cases where two or even three rows of pile-slab support structures are required. In these cases, the first row is placed at the shoulder, and the second and third rows are placed further away from the road.

[0098] (7.4) Based on the above design results, it can be seen that the roadbed slope repair work requires the arrangement of 9 steel piles and 8 rows of hollow precast diaphragms. The number of standard blocks required for both is selected according to the actual length of the steel piles and the length of the hollow precast diaphragms. Furthermore, in combination with the construction procedures of the pile-slab support structure, the rapid repair work of the collapsed roadbed slope is carried out.

[0099] (7.5) During construction, small pile drivers and small hoisting machines are used as construction equipment for pile-slab support structures: When constructing steel piles, firstly, a small pile driver construction platform is built on the sliding body and a small hoisting machine construction platform is built on the completed adjacent support structure. The steel piles are driven into the design depth. When the steel piles are exposed above the soil, the small pile driver construction platform on the sliding body can be removed. Then, the steel piles can be spliced ​​to the design height on the small hoisting machine construction platform. After the construction is completed, the small hoisting machine construction platform is removed. When constructing hollow precast diaphragms, a small pile driver and a small hoisting machine construction platform are built on the completed adjacent support structure. The hollow precast diaphragms are constructed to the design height, and then the small pile driver and the small hoisting machine construction platform are removed.

[0100] (7.6) After the installation of the pile-slab support structure is completed, the original soil of the slope is backfilled in the damaged section of the road surface and compacted with a road roller to restore road traffic.

[0101] (7.7) After the extreme rainstorm weather ends, the roadbed slope will be further reinforced and repaired. The pile-slab support structure described in this invention will generally be permanently retained at the slope, but it can also be removed and reused.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for rapid emergency repair of landslide roadbed slopes, characterized in that, One of the uses is a pile-slab support structure, which is composed of steel piles (12) and hollow prefabricated diaphragms (13); The steel pile (12) includes a bottom segment (14), a standard segment (15), a splicing pin (17), and a splicing bolt (18). Both the bottom segment (14) and the standard segment (15) include multiple splicing grooves (16) on their tops for matching with the multiple splicing pins (17). Both the bottom segment (14) and the standard segment (15) include two pile wing plates (121) and one pile web plate (122). The two pile wing plates (121) are arranged in parallel and together with the pile web plate (122) form an I-shaped structure. Embedded grooves (123) are symmetrically arranged on both sides between the pile wing plates (121) and the pile web plate (122). The lower end of the bottom segment (14)... The steel pile (12) is equipped with a sharp structure (141) for easy wedging into the soil layer. The lower end of the standard block segment (15) of the steel pile is provided with the steel pile splicing pin (17). Steel pile screw holes (124) are provided at the top of the steel pile wing plate (121) of the bottom block segment (14), at the top of the steel pile wing plate (121) of the standard block segment (15), and at the bottom of the standard block segment (15) of the steel pile splicing pin (17). The steel pile screw holes (124) are used for the steel pile splicing screw (18) to pass through. The steel pile (12) also includes a short steel column (19). The short steel column (19) is used to hammer the bottom block segment (14) and the standard block segment (15) of the steel pile into the soil layer during the construction of the steel pile. The lower end of the short steel column (19) is provided with the steel pile splicing pin (17). The steel pile splicing pins (17) are rectangular in shape and arranged on the steel pile wing plate (121) in two rows, each row consisting of 3 steel pile splicing pins (17). Each steel pile splicing pin (17) has a circular hollow hole in the center for installing the steel pile splicing screw (18). The steel pile splicing grooves (16) correspond to the steel pile splicing pins (17), are also rectangular in shape, and are arranged on the steel pile wing plate (121) in two rows, each row consisting of 3 steel pile splicing grooves (16). The length × width × height of the sinking groove (16) is the same as that of the steel pile splicing pin (17). The middle part of the steel pile splicing sinking groove (16) is provided with a through circular hollow hole with the same position and size as the circular hollow hole in the middle of the steel pile splicing pin (17), which is used to install the steel pile splicing screw (18). One end of the steel pile splicing screw (18) is a fixed end and the other end is a nut end, which is used to install the nut and lock the segments in the steel pile (12) in this way, thereby realizing the effective rigid connection of the segments in the steel pile (12). The hollow prefabricated partition (13) includes a bottom partition segment (20), a standard partition segment (21), partition splicing pins (23), and partition splicing screws (25). Both the bottom partition segment (20) and the standard partition segment (21) include multiple partition splicing grooves (22) located on their tops and used to match multiple partition splicing pins (23). Both the bottom partition segment (20) and the standard partition segment (21) include... The diaphragm includes a rectangular web (131) and diaphragm wing plates (132) on the left and right sides of the web (131). The web (131) forms a hollow structure (133) for the diaphragm. The wing plates (132) are used to be inserted into the embedding grooves (123) of the steel pile (12). The lower end of the bottom segment (20) of the diaphragm is provided with a gradient structure (201) to facilitate wedging into the soil layer. The lower end of the standard block segment (21) is provided with the partition splicing pin (23); partition screw holes (134) are provided at the top of the partition web plate (131) of the bottom block segment (20), at the top of the partition web plate (131) of the standard block segment (21) of the partition, and at the bottom of the partition splicing pin (23) of the standard block segment (21), and the partition screw holes (134) are used for the partition splicing screw (25) to pass through; Furthermore, multiple pre-embedded drainage holes (24) are provided in the thickness direction of the bottom block (20) and the standard block (21) of the partition; the hollow prefabricated partition (13) also includes a cap plate (26), which is used to hammer the bottom block (20) and the standard block (21) of the partition into the soil layer during the construction of the hollow prefabricated partition (13); the lower end of the cap plate (26) is provided with a partition splicing pin (23); The partition splicing pins (23) are rectangular in shape and arranged on the partition web (131) in two rows along the entire length. The partition splicing pins (23) have a circular hollow hole in the middle for installing the partition splicing screws (25). The partition splicing grooves (22) correspond to the partition splicing pins (23), are also rectangular in shape, and are arranged on the partition web (131) in two rows that are almost along the entire length, except that they are not connected at the ends. The length × width × height of each partition splicing groove (22) is the same as that of the partition splicing pin. (23) Similarly, the middle part of the partition splicing groove (22) is provided with a through circular hollow hole whose position and size are consistent with the circular hollow hole in the middle of the partition splicing pin (23), which is used to install the partition splicing screw (25); one end of the partition splicing screw (25) is a fixed end and the other end is a nut end, which is used to install the nut and lock each segment in the hollow prefabricated partition (13), thereby realizing the effective rigid connection of each segment in the hollow prefabricated partition (13); and the construction method includes the following steps: S1: Construction begins at the shoulders of the stable sections on both sides of the landslide slope and proceeds symmetrically towards the center of the damaged section, without prior unloading and clearing of the landslide mass in the landslide slope; steel pile construction is carried out first; and specifically includes: S1-1: First, position the bottom section of the steel pile in the predetermined position, and then insert the short steel column downward into the bottom section of the steel pile. Hammer the steel pile vertically, leaving a height of 30-100cm at the top of the bottom section of the steel pile before embedding it into the soil, in preparation for the construction of the first standard section of the steel pile. Then, remove the short steel column. S1-2: Next, embed the first standard steel pile segment downwards into the bottom segment of the steel pile, and lock the upper and lower segments together with the steel pile splicing bolts. Then, embed the short steel column downwards into the standard steel pile segment and hammer it into the steel pile vertically. Leave a height of 30-100cm at the top of the standard steel pile segment unembedded in the soil for the construction of the next standard steel pile segment. Remove the short steel column. According to the set pile length, splice one or multiple standard steel pile segments in sequence according to the method in this step. S2: After the construction of two adjacent steel piles is completed, construct the hollow precast diaphragm; specifically including: S2-1: After completing the construction of two adjacent steel piles, install short steel columns on the top of both adjacent steel piles; use the embedded groove of the short steel columns to position the bottom segment of the partition plate, and embed the cap plate downward into the bottom segment of the partition plate, hammer it into the partition plate in a vertical direction, leaving a height of 30-100cm at the top of the bottom segment of the partition plate without embedding it into the short steel column, in preparation for the construction of the first standard segment of the partition plate, and then remove the cap plate; S2-2: Next, insert the first standard partition block downwards into the bottom block of the partition, and lock the two blocks together with the partition splicing screws. Then, insert the cap plate downwards into the standard partition block and hammer it into the partition in a vertical direction. Leave a height of 30-100cm at the top of the standard partition block before embedding it into the short steel column, in preparation for the construction of the next standard partition block. Remove the cap plate. According to the set board length, splice one or multiple standard partition blocks in sequence according to the method in this step. S2-3: After the construction of the hollow precast diaphragm is completed, the short steel columns at the top of the steel piles on both sides are removed and used to pour concrete to fill the hollow precast diaphragm. S3: Repeat steps S1 and S2 until the pile-slab support structure is closed, then backfill the original soil of the slope to the initial elevation.

2. The construction method for rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A handle (191) is provided at the top of the short steel column (19), and an embedding groove (123) is provided on the side of the short steel column (19); the short steel column (19) is a U-shaped short steel column with an embedding groove (123) on only one side; the steel pile (12) and the hollow prefabricated partition (13) are both steel structures.

3. The construction method for rapid repair of landslide roadbed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A handle (261) is provided on the top of the cap plate (26), and a cap plate wing plate (262) matching the embedding groove (123) of the steel pile (12) is provided on the side of the cap plate (26).

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