Upper dead center energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorption gas spring device of combustion cylinder of internal combustion engine

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorption gas spring device which comprises a gas spring cylinder body (101), and a first piston (104), a first chamber (108), a second piston (102) and a communicating chamber are sequentially arranged in the gas spring cylinder body (101); wherein the first chamber (108) is located between the first piston (104) and the second piston (102) and is filled with gas and the initial gas pressure is less than the maximum value of the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; the communicating chamber communicates with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine combustion cylinder through a communicating port. Wherein the second piston (102) is used for moving towards the first piston (104) when gas in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is subjected to compression ignition, the space of the communicating chamber is increased, and energy is stored; when the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is smaller than the air pressure in the first chamber (108) and the energy storage is finished, the chamber moves in the opposite direction to reduce the space of the communication chamber. The internal combustion engine can be prevented from knocking, and the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine can be flexibly adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to an energy-storing, pressure-reducing and shock-absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] Internal combustion engines commonly use diesel engines and gasoline engines. The compression ratio of diesel engines is high, but the maximum explosion pressure and temperature of the combustion chamber are high, resulting in rough operation, loud noise, high strength requirements for the engine body, and a bulky engine body. Gasoline engines are mainly spark ignition gasoline engines, which have a light structure, but are prone to detonation and have a low compression ratio.

[0003] In the prior art, an engine equipped with direct injection is provided, which operates in a controlled auto-compression ignition mode under certain engine operating conditions to achieve improved engine fuel efficiency. Such an engine is called a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) internal combustion engine.

[0004] An internal combustion engine operating in HCCI combustion mode forms an air-charge mixture in the combustion chamber and initiates auto-compression ignition simultaneously from many ignition sites within the air-charge mixture during the compression stroke to produce a stable power output with high thermal efficiency. The air-charge mixture is highly dispersed and evenly distributed, and NOx emissions are lower than those of a conventional spark-ignition internal combustion engine or a conventional diesel engine.

[0005] However, the current HCCI internal combustion engine easily reaches the compression ignition condition before the top dead center, which makes the HCCI internal combustion engine easily enter the harmful operating condition of knocking operation under high load. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, so as to overcome or at least alleviate at least one of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides, on one hand, an energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device for a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine at the top dead center, comprising a gas spring cylinder body 101, one end of the gas spring cylinder body 101 being connected to a combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and the gas spring cylinder body 101 being provided with a first piston 104, a first chamber 108, a second piston 102 and a connecting chamber in sequence from an end away from the combustion chamber to an end connected to the combustion chamber;

[0008] The first piston 104 and the second piston 102 are slidably matched with the gas spring cylinder 101; the first chamber 108 is located between the first piston 104 and the second piston 102, filled with gas and the initial gas pressure is less than the maximum value of the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; the connecting chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the connecting port;

[0009] Among them, the second piston 102 is used to move toward the first piston 104 when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression-ignited, thereby increasing the space of the connecting chamber and storing energy; when the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is lower than the gas pressure in the first chamber 108 and the energy storage is completed, it moves in the opposite direction to reduce the space of the connecting chamber.

[0010] Preferably, a second chamber 113 is provided between the end of the gas spring cylinder 101 away from the combustion chamber and the first piston 104 , and the second chamber 113 is filled with hydraulic fluid or high-pressure gas.

[0011] Preferably, the second chamber 113 is filled with hydraulic fluid, and the second chamber 113 is connected to the electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger 105 and the hydraulic sensor 121. The electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger 105 is used to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid in the second chamber 113 according to the feedback of the hydraulic sensor 121, thereby changing the position of the first piston (108); or the second chamber 113 is filled with high-pressure gas, and the second chamber 113 is connected to the second air pressure sensor and the second charging and discharging mechanism. The second charging and discharging mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the second chamber 113 according to the feedback of the second air pressure sensor, thereby changing the position of the first piston (108).

[0012] Preferably, the first chamber 108 is connected to a first air pressure sensor and a first inflation / deflation mechanism, and the first inflation / deflation mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the first chamber 108 according to feedback from the first air pressure sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the gas spring cylinder 101 includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, the upper cylinder includes a first piston 104 and a second piston 102, and the lower cylinder includes an auxiliary piston 103 and a connecting chamber; the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected through a through hole, the second piston 102 and the auxiliary piston 103 are fixedly connected through a connecting piece passing through the through hole, and the connecting piece slides in cooperation with the through hole.

[0014] Preferably, a third chamber 109 filled with gas is further provided between the second piston 102 and the cylinder wall of the upper cylinder body.

[0015] Preferably, the lower cylinder body includes a normal pressure air chamber 110 on a side of the auxiliary piston 103 away from the communicating chamber, and the normal pressure air chamber 110 includes an opening on the cylinder wall.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary piston 103 is slidably matched with the lower cylinder body to seal the communication chamber.

[0017] Preferably, a spark plug 123 is provided on the cylinder wall of the communicating chamber.

[0018] On the other hand, the present invention provides an energy-storing, pressure-reducing, and shock-absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, comprising a piston head cover 301, a piston gas spring air bag 303, a piston pin seat 302, a piston connecting rod 204, and a crankshaft 205; wherein the piston head cover 301 and the piston pin seat 302 are movably connected; when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression-ignited, the piston head cover 301 compresses the piston gas spring air bag 303, approaches the piston pin seat 302, and increases the space in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

[0019] Preferably, the internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device further includes a hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304, one end of the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 is connected to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine combustion cylinder, the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 includes a hydraulic chamber 306, an adjustment piston 305 and a communication chamber, and the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 is connected to the hydraulic adjustment mechanism;

[0020] The communicating chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the communicating port; the hydraulic regulating mechanism changes the position of the regulating piston 305 by adjusting the amount of hydraulic fluid filled in the hydraulic chamber 306, thereby adjusting the space size of the communicating chamber.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention provides an energy-storing, pressure-reducing, and shock-absorbing gas spring device for the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, comprising a piston head cover 301, a piston connecting rod 204, and a crankshaft 205; wherein the piston connecting rod 204 comprises a connecting rod head 401, a connecting rod gas spring air bag 402, and a connecting rod pin seat 403, wherein the connecting rod head 401 and the connecting rod pin seat 403 are movably connected; when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression-ignited, the connecting rod head 401 compresses the connecting rod gas spring air bag 402, approaches the connecting rod pin seat 403, and increases the space in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

[0022] Preferably, the internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device further includes a hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304, one end of the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 is connected to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine combustion cylinder, the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 includes a hydraulic chamber 306, an adjustment piston 305 and a communication chamber, and the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 is connected to the hydraulic adjustment mechanism;

[0023] The communicating chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the communicating port; the hydraulic regulating mechanism changes the position of the regulating piston 305 by adjusting the amount of hydraulic fluid filled in the hydraulic chamber 306, thereby adjusting the space size of the communicating chamber.

[0024] The present invention adopts the above technical solution, which has the following advantages:

[0025] The connecting chamber of the gas spring device is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine. When the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compressed and ignited, the second piston moves toward the first piston to increase the space of the connecting chamber, thereby effectively avoiding or at least weakening the knock in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and improving the working efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, through the design of the first piston and the second piston, the space size of the connecting chamber can be adjusted by changing the positions of the first piston and the second piston, thereby achieving the effect of flexibly adjusting the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an energy-storing, pressure-reducing, and shock-absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an energy-storing, pressure-reducing, and shock-absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an energy-storing, pressure-reducing, and shock-absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals are used to represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In the absence of conflict, the technical features in the various embodiments and implementations of the present invention may be combined with each other and are not limited to the embodiments or implementations to which the technical features are applied.

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be pointed out that the technical solution and design principle of the present invention are described in detail below only with an optimized technical solution, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.

[0033] The following terms are involved in this article. For ease of understanding, their meanings are explained as follows. Those skilled in the art should understand that the following terms may also have other names, but without departing from their meanings, any other names should be considered consistent with the terms listed in this article.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage and pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device for the top dead center of a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage and pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine is shown, the device comprises a gas spring cylinder body 101, one end of the gas spring cylinder body 101 is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and the gas spring cylinder body 101 is provided with a first piston 104, a first chamber 108, a second piston 102 and a connecting chamber in sequence from the end away from the combustion chamber to the end connected to the combustion chamber;

[0035] The first piston 104 and the second piston 102 are respectively slidably matched with the gas spring cylinder 101; the first chamber 108 is located between the first piston 104 and the second piston 102, filled with gas and the initial gas pressure is less than the maximum value of the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; the connecting chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the connecting port;

[0036] Among them, the second piston 102 is used to move toward the first piston 104 when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression-ignited, thereby increasing the space of the connecting chamber and storing energy; when the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is lower than the gas pressure in the first chamber 108 and the energy storage is completed, it moves in the opposite direction to reduce the space of the connecting chamber.

[0037] The connecting chamber of the gas spring device is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine. When the gas (usually a mixed gas) in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compressed and ignited, the second piston moves toward the first piston to increase the space of the connecting chamber, thereby effectively avoiding or at least weakening the knock in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and improving the working efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, through the design of the first piston and the second piston, the space size of the connecting chamber can be adjusted by changing the position of the first piston and the second piston, thereby achieving the effect of flexibly adjusting the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, a second chamber 113 is provided between the end of the gas spring cylinder 101 away from the combustion chamber and the first piston 104 , and the second chamber 113 is filled with hydraulic fluid (such as hydraulic oil) or high-pressure gas.

[0039] The second chamber 113 may be filled with hydraulic fluid, and the second chamber 113 is connected to the electric numerical control hydraulic plunger 105 and the hydraulic sensor 121, and the electric numerical control hydraulic plunger 105 is used to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid in the second chamber 113 according to the feedback of the hydraulic sensor 121, thereby changing the position of the first piston (108); or

[0040] The second chamber 113 can be filled with high-pressure gas. The second chamber 113 is connected to a second air pressure sensor and a second air charging and discharging mechanism. The second air charging and discharging mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the second chamber 113 according to feedback from the second air pressure sensor to change the position of the first piston (108).

[0041] In one embodiment, the electric numerical control hydraulic plunger 105 is a digital control component that can accurately control the amount of hydraulic fluid added and discharged. When the internal combustion engine is started, as the temperature of the internal combustion engine increases, the hydraulic fluid can be controlled to be discharged, and the first piston 104 can be adjusted to move up, so that the pressure of the second piston 102 is reduced, the rigidity is reduced, and the compression ignition point is delayed; the hydraulic fluid can also be controlled to increase, and the first piston 104 can be adjusted to move down, so that the pressure of the second piston 102 is increased, the rigidity is increased, and the compression ignition point is advanced. Similarly, the second charging and discharging mechanism can also control the first piston 104 to move up or down as the temperature of the internal combustion engine increases after the internal combustion engine is started.

[0042] By precisely adjusting the pressure of the second chamber 113, the positions of the first piston 104 and the second piston 102 can be fine-tuned to adjust the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine. For example, when the hydraulic fluid or air pressure of the second chamber 113 is increased and the air pressure in the first chamber 108 is kept unchanged, the first piston 104 and the second piston 102 move toward the communication port, reducing the space size of the communication chamber, that is, changing the combustion space of the internal combustion engine, thereby achieving the effect of adjusting the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the first chamber 108 is connected to a first air pressure sensor and a first air charging and discharging mechanism, and the first air charging and discharging mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the first chamber 108 according to feedback from the first air pressure sensor.

[0044] The first chamber 108 can be filled with high-pressure gas, and the gas pressure can adjust the stiffness of the gas spring. By adjusting the gas pressure in the first chamber 108, the position of the second piston can be directly driven to change, and the space of the connecting chamber can be adjusted, that is, the combustion space of the internal combustion engine can be changed, thereby changing the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine.

[0045] Preferably, the air pressure in the first chamber 108 is adjusted in the initial state, that is, the air pressure corresponding to the initial compression ratio of the internal combustion engine is determined according to the environmental conditions.

[0046] In one embodiment, the air pressure regulation in the first chamber 108 and the pressure regulation in the second chamber 113 can be combined. For example, in the initial state, the initial compression ratio of the internal combustion engine is changed by adjusting the air pressure in the first chamber 108. After the internal combustion engine is started, the compression ignition point of the internal combustion engine can be flexibly delayed or accelerated by adjusting the pressure in the second chamber 113.

[0047] refer to Figure 1An exemplary internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device is provided. In this example, the gas spring cylinder body 101 includes an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, the upper cylinder body includes a first piston 104 and a second piston 102, and the lower cylinder body includes an auxiliary piston 103 and a connecting chamber; the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are connected through a through hole, the second piston 102 and the auxiliary piston 103 are fixedly connected by a connecting piece passing through the through hole, and the connecting piece slides in cooperation with the through hole.

[0048] In this example, the second piston 102 and the auxiliary piston 103 may be a whole or a combination of different components.

[0049] In this example, preferably, a third chamber 109 filled with gas is further included between the second piston 102 and the lower end cylinder wall of the upper cylinder body. Similar to the first chamber 108, the third chamber 109 can also be connected to an air pressure sensor and an air charging and discharging mechanism, and the air charging and discharging mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the third chamber 109 according to the feedback of the air pressure sensor.

[0050] The lower cylinder body may further include a normal pressure air chamber 110 on a side of the auxiliary piston 103 away from the communicating chamber, and the normal pressure air chamber 110 includes an opening on the cylinder wall.

[0051] The auxiliary piston 103 is slidably matched with the lower cylinder body to seal the communication chamber.

[0052] A spark plug 123 is provided on the cylinder wall of the communicating chamber. In order to realize reliable operation of combustion in the cylinder during low-temperature cold start of the internal combustion engine, the spark plug 123 is used as an auxiliary ignition device to ensure that the internal combustion engine can be started even if the compression ignition point is not reached during cold start, and at the same time, the adjustment range and frequency of the compression ratio adjustment mechanism after starting can be reduced.

[0053] In this example, the gas spring device includes four chambers: a first chamber 108, a second chamber 113, a third chamber 109, and a normal pressure chamber 110. The first chamber 108 and the third chamber 109 are filled with high-pressure gas, and the filling pressure can adjust the stiffness of the gas spring. The space ratio of the first chamber 108 and the third chamber 109 directly drives the second piston to change the space of the connecting chamber, thereby changing the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine.

[0054] refer to Figure 1After the internal combustion engine enters the compression stroke, as the cylinder pressure continues to increase, the gas spring loses pressure balance and generates an upward acceleration, that is, before the gas is compressed and ignited, the gas spring piston 102 (or the whole with the auxiliary piston 103) has obtained a certain initial velocity and corresponding displacement. After compression ignition, the cylinder pressure increases sharply, the acceleration of the gas spring is greater, and the elastic potential energy of the gas spring piston 102 increases. At this time, the space of the connecting chamber becomes larger, so that the high pressure rise in the combustion chamber at the top dead center is limited, so that the knock is weakened; as the internal combustion engine piston moves downward and the rising speed of the gas spring piston 102 drops to zero, it obtains the maximum potential energy reserve, and begins to move downward under the action of reverse acceleration, so that the space of the connecting chamber becomes smaller, and the gas spring piston 102 begins to work on the combustion chamber, returning the accumulated energy to the combustion cylinder. At this time, the pressure in the combustion chamber increases, the work done by the internal combustion engine piston 202 increases, the average cylinder pressure is increased, and the fuel economy is further improved.

[0055] By adjusting the working parameters of the gas spring, it is possible to effectively control the combustion cylinder pressure and energy storage characteristics at the top dead center of the combustion chamber, allowing the gas to release heat earlier and having greater tolerance for gas deflagration before the top dead center.

[0056] The embodiment of the present invention provides a working parameter adjustment system of a gas spring device, referring to Figure 1 , including air storage tanks 114, 115, an air pump 124, sensors 116, 117, 118, 119, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 122, solenoid valves 106, 107, and a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump includes an electric numerically controlled hydraulic piston 105, an electric hydraulic numerically controlled hydraulic piston pump hydraulic chamber space 112, and an electric numerically controlled hydraulic piston pump piston position sensor 121.

[0057] Among them, the gas spring charging and discharging and pressure adjustment components composed of the air storage tanks 114, 115, the air pump 124, the sensors 116, 117, 118, 119, the solenoid valves 106, 107, under the control of the ECU 122, complete the pressure adjustment of the first chamber 108 and the second chamber 113, the initial position adjustment of the first piston 104 and the second piston 102, and the initial compression ratio adjustment of the internal combustion engine.

[0058] The gas storage tanks 114 and 115 store inert gas, air or other gas types that can achieve the purpose of the present invention. The gas storage tanks 114 and 115 are respectively a high-pressure gas storage tank and a low-pressure gas storage tank. The low-pressure gas storage tank receives the gas discharged from the first chamber 108 and the second chamber 113, and injects it into the high-pressure gas storage tank after pressurization. The high-pressure gas storage tank is used to inject high-pressure gas into the first chamber 108 and the second chamber 113. The gas charging and discharging system provided by the present invention can realize the recycling of gas and is highly efficient and energy-saving.

[0059] The electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger 105 can accurately control the amount of hydraulic fluid added and discharged, and precisely adjust the position of the first piston 104, playing a very important role in controlling the gas compression ignition point. When the internal combustion engine is started, as the temperature of the internal combustion engine increases, the hydraulic fluid in the second chamber 113 can be discharged, and the first piston 104 can be controlled to move upward, so that the pressure of the gas in the first chamber 108 on the pistons 102 and 103 is reduced, the stiffness becomes smaller, and the compression ignition point of the internal combustion engine is delayed.

[0060] In one embodiment, the working parameter adjustment system of the gas spring device may also include: an internal combustion engine combustion chamber pressure sensor, an electric control valve drive controller, and a hydraulic pump motor driver, etc. These devices are connected to ECU 122. ECU 122 can decide whether it is necessary to adjust the pressure of the second chamber 113 based on the feedback from the internal combustion engine combustion chamber pressure sensor and other devices. For example, if the pressure of the internal combustion engine combustion chamber exceeds a threshold value, the electric numerical control hydraulic plunger 105 can be controlled to discharge the hydraulic fluid of the second chamber 113. Otherwise, the electric numerical control hydraulic plunger 105 can be controlled to increase the hydraulic fluid of the second chamber 113.

[0061] In one embodiment, the working parameter adjustment system of the gas spring device may further include at least one of the following: an internal combustion engine ambient temperature sensor, an internal combustion engine ambient pressure sensor, an internal combustion engine intake temperature sensor, an internal combustion engine intake air flow sensor, and an internal combustion engine exhaust temperature sensor. These sensors are used to sense the surrounding environmental conditions and adjust the pressure in the first chamber 108, the second chamber 113 or the third chamber 109 accordingly according to a preset corresponding relationship.

[0062] In one embodiment, the working parameter adjustment system of the gas spring device may further include at least one of the following: an internal combustion engine linear O2 sensor, a λ-type O2 sensor, a cooling water temperature sensor, a crankshaft angle sensor, a throttle opening sensor, a camshaft phase controller, a fuel pressure sensor, an intake valve phase controller, an exhaust valve phase controller, an EGR controller, an intake port fuel injection controller, and a direct injection controller in the fuel cylinder. The ECU 122 can adjust the pressure in the first chamber 108, the second chamber 113 or the third chamber 109 accordingly based on the feedback from these sensors or controllers, combined with the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine and the parameters corresponding to different operating conditions.

[0063] The connecting chamber of the gas spring device is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine. When the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compressed and ignited, the second piston moves toward the first piston to increase the space of the connecting chamber, thereby effectively avoiding or at least weakening the knock in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and improving the working efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, through the design of the first piston and the second piston, the position of the first piston and the second piston can be changed to adjust the size of the space of the connecting chamber, thereby achieving the effect of flexibly adjusting the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine. Through the above-mentioned working parameter adjustment system, different environments and different working conditions can be coped with, so that the internal combustion engine always works in the best efficiency state.

[0064] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage and pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device for a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine at the top dead center, referring to Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine shown in the figure includes a piston head cover 301, a piston gas spring air bag 303, a piston pin seat 302, a piston connecting rod 204 and a crankshaft 205; wherein, the piston head cover 301 and the piston pin seat 302 are movably connected; when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression ignited, the piston head cover 301 compresses the piston gas spring air bag 303, approaches the piston pin seat 302, and increases the space of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304, one end of which is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 comprises a hydraulic chamber 306, an adjustment piston 305 and a communication chamber, and the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 is connected to the hydraulic adjustment mechanism;

[0066] The communicating chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the communicating port; the hydraulic regulating mechanism changes the position of the regulating piston 305 by adjusting the amount of hydraulic fluid filled in the hydraulic chamber 306, thereby adjusting the space size of the communicating chamber.

[0067] The hydraulic adjustment mechanism includes a hydraulic pump and an ECU 122. The ECU 122 controls the hydraulic pump to add or discharge hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber 306. The hydraulic pump includes an electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger 105 and an electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger pump plunger position sensor 121.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a piston gas spring air bag, when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compressed and ignited, the piston head cover compresses the piston gas spring air bag and approaches the piston pin seat, thereby increasing the space of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, thereby effectively avoiding or at least weakening the knock of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and improving the working efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, through the design of the hydraulically adjustable cylinder sleeve, the space size of the connecting chamber can be further flexibly adjusted to change the gas combustion space in the internal combustion engine. Combined with the piston gas spring air bag, it can not only effectively improve the knock of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, but also flexibly adjust the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine, so as to cope with different environments and different working conditions, so that the internal combustion engine always works in the best efficiency state.

[0069] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an energy storage and pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device for a combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine at the top dead center, referring to Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the energy storage and pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device at the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine is shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a piston head cover 301, a piston connecting rod 204 and a crankshaft 205; wherein, the piston connecting rod 204 includes a connecting rod head 401, a connecting rod gas spring air bag 402, and a connecting rod pin seat 403, wherein the connecting rod head 401 and the connecting rod pin seat 403 are movably connected; when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression ignited, the connecting rod head 401 compresses the connecting rod gas spring air bag 402, approaches the connecting rod pin seat 403, and increases the space of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the device further comprises a hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304, one end of which is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 comprises a hydraulic chamber 306, an adjustment piston 305 and a communication chamber, and the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve 304 is connected to the hydraulic adjustment mechanism;

[0071] The communicating chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the communicating port; the hydraulic regulating mechanism changes the position of the regulating piston 305 and adjusts the space size of the communicating chamber by adjusting the amount of hydraulic fluid filled in the hydraulic chamber 306 .

[0072] The hydraulic adjustment mechanism includes a hydraulic pump and an ECU 122. The ECU 122 controls the hydraulic pump to add or discharge hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber 306. The hydraulic pump includes an electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger 105 and an electric numerically controlled hydraulic plunger pump plunger position sensor 121.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a connecting rod gas spring air bag, when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compressed and ignited, the connecting rod head compresses the connecting rod gas spring air bag and approaches the connecting rod pin seat, thereby increasing the space of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, thereby effectively avoiding or at least weakening the knock of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and improving the working efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Moreover, through the design of the hydraulic adjustment cylinder sleeve, the space size of the connecting chamber can be further flexibly adjusted to change the gas combustion space in the internal combustion engine. Combined with the piston gas spring air bag, it can effectively improve the knock of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, and flexibly adjust the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine to cope with different environments and different working conditions, so that the internal combustion engine always works in the best efficiency state.

[0074] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents; these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device for the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: The gas spring cylinder (101) comprises a gas spring cylinder (101), one end of which is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and the gas spring cylinder (101) is provided with a first piston (104), a first chamber (108), a second piston (102) and a connecting chamber in sequence from the end away from the combustion chamber to the end connected to the combustion chamber; The first piston (104) and the second piston (102) are slidably matched with the gas spring cylinder (101); the first chamber (108) is located between the first piston (104) and the second piston (102), is filled with gas, and the initial gas pressure is less than the maximum value of the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; the communication chamber is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion cylinder of the internal combustion engine through the communication port; The second piston (102) is used to move toward the first piston (104) when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compressed and ignited, thereby increasing the space of the connecting chamber and storing energy; and to move in the opposite direction when the cylinder pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is lower than the gas pressure in the first chamber (108) and the energy storage is completed, thereby reducing the space of the connecting chamber.

2. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second chamber (113) is arranged between the end of the gas spring cylinder (101) away from the combustion chamber and the first piston (104), and the second chamber (113) is filled with hydraulic fluid or high-pressure gas.

3. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second chamber (113) is filled with hydraulic fluid, the second chamber (113) is connected to an electric numerical control hydraulic plunger (105) and a hydraulic sensor (121), and the electric numerical control hydraulic plunger (105) is used to adjust the amount of hydraulic fluid in the second chamber (113) according to feedback from the hydraulic sensor (121), thereby changing the position of the first piston (108); or The second chamber (113) is filled with high-pressure gas. The second chamber (113) is connected to a second air pressure sensor and a second air charging and discharging mechanism. The second air charging and discharging mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the second chamber (113) according to feedback from the second air pressure sensor to change the position of the first piston (108).

4. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first chamber (108) is connected to a first air pressure sensor and a first air charging and discharging mechanism, and the first air charging and discharging mechanism adjusts the air pressure in the first chamber (108) according to feedback from the first air pressure sensor.

5. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gas spring cylinder (101) comprises an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, the upper cylinder comprises a first piston (104) and a second piston (102), and the lower cylinder comprises an auxiliary piston (103) and a communication chamber; the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected via a through hole, the second piston (102) and the auxiliary piston (103) are fixedly connected via a connecting piece passing through the through hole, and the connecting piece is slidably matched with the through hole.

6. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third chamber (109) filled with gas is also included between the second piston (102) and the cylinder wall of the upper cylinder body.

7. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third chamber (109) is connected to a third inflation and deflation mechanism, which adjusts the air pressure in the third chamber (109) and adjusts the position of the second piston in combination with the first chamber (108).

8. The internal combustion engine combustion cylinder top dead center energy storage pressure reduction shock absorbing gas spring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower cylinder body comprises a normal pressure air chamber (110) on a side of the auxiliary piston (103) away from the communication chamber, and the normal pressure air chamber (110) comprises an opening on the cylinder wall.

9. An energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device for the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a piston head cover (301), a piston gas spring air bag (303), a piston pin seat (302), a piston connecting rod (204) and a crankshaft (205); wherein the piston head cover (301) and the piston pin seat (302) are movably connected; when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression-ignited, the piston head cover (301) compresses the piston gas spring air bag (303) and moves closer to the piston pin seat (302), thereby increasing the space of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

10. An energy storage, pressure reduction and shock absorbing gas spring device for the top dead center of the combustion cylinder of an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a piston head cover (301), a piston connecting rod (204) and a crankshaft (205); wherein the piston connecting rod (204) comprises a connecting rod head (401), a connecting rod gas spring air bag (402) and a connecting rod pin seat (403), wherein the connecting rod head (401) and the connecting rod pin seat (403) are movably connected; when the gas in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine is compression-ignited, the connecting rod head (401) compresses the connecting rod gas spring air bag (402) and moves closer to the connecting rod pin seat (403), thereby increasing the space of the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

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