Part machining buckling deformation control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a part machining buckling deformation control method. The part machining buckling deformation control method comprises a rough machining stage, a semi-finish machining stage and a finish machining stage which are conducted in sequence. The rough machining stage comprises the steps that the initial deviation value of a target part in a blank is obtained, and the position of the target part in the blank is adjusted; the A face and the B face of the target part are subjected to rough machining, and the buckling deformation amount gamma A and the buckling deformation amount gamma B of the target part after rough machining are obtained; the overall buckling deformation gamma C of the target part after rough machining is obtained; wherein gamma C = | gamma A + gamma B |; judging whether the overall buckling deformation gamma C meets deformation control requirements or not, if yes, outputting the initial deviation value as a standard deviation value, and if not, returning to the step of obtaining the initial deviation value of the target part in the blank until the deformation control requirements are met so as to obtain the standard deviation value, the method has the advantages that the buckling deformation of the part is reduced, and the machining quality of the part is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to a method for controlling warping deformation of parts during processing. Background Art

[0002] In the processing of large integral frame parts or large long beam parts, due to the large residual stress of the material, as the material is removed during the processing of the parts, the stress inside the parts is rebalanced, and the parts will produce large processing warping deformation. The basic process of the existing large-scale part deformation control processing method is rough processing, semi-finishing and finishing of the parts on both sides, but in actual production applications, it is found that the parts still have large warping deformation after processing, which ultimately leads to a high amount of warping deformation of the parts. Therefore, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the processing quality of parts. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a method for controlling warping deformation of parts processing, aiming to solve the technical problem of high warping deformation of parts processed by existing large-scale parts processing methods.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for controlling warpage deformation of parts processing, comprising a rough processing stage, a semi-finishing stage and a finishing stage performed sequentially; wherein the rough processing stage comprises the following steps:

[0005] Obtaining an initial offset value of a target part in the blank, and adjusting the position of the target part in the blank according to the initial offset value; wherein the target part is a part to be processed;

[0006] Rough machining is performed on the A and B surfaces of the target part, and the warpage deformation γ of the target part after rough machining is obtained. A and the warpage γ B ; Wherein, surface A and surface B are two opposite surfaces of the target part;

[0007] Get the overall warpage deformation γ of the target part after rough machining C ; Among them, γ C =│γ A +γ B │;

[0008] Determine the overall warping deformation γ C Whether the deformation control requirements are met, if so, the initial offset value is output as the standard offset value, if not, return to the step of obtaining the initial offset value of the target part in the blank until the deformation control requirements are met to obtain the standard offset value.

[0009] Optionally, the A surface and the B surface of the target part are rough-machined respectively, and the warping deformation γ of the target part after rough-machined is obtained respectively. Aand the warpage γ B ,include:

[0010] Rough machining is performed on the upper part of the A surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation γ of the upper part of the A surface after rough machining is obtained A1 ;

[0011] Rough machining is performed on the upper part of the B surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the upper part of the B surface after rough machining is obtained B1 ;

[0012] Rough machining is performed on the lower part of the A surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the lower part of the A surface after rough machining is obtained A2 ;

[0013] Rough machining is performed on the lower part of the B surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the lower part of the B surface after rough machining is obtained B2 ;

[0014] Get the warpage deformation γ A and the warpage γ B ; Among them, γ A =γ A1 +γ A2 , γ B =γ B1 +γ B2 .

[0015] Optionally, the following steps are further included between the rough machining stage and the semi-finishing stage:

[0016] The target part after rough machining is subjected to natural aging to release deformation, and the warpage deformation amount γ1 of the target part after the deformation is released is obtained.

[0017] Optionally, the semi-finishing stage includes the following steps:

[0018] Place the rough-machined target part freely on the supporting tooling;

[0019] A first gasket is placed at the gap between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling to compensate for the warping deformation amount γ1; wherein the boss has a plurality of bosses and all are connected to the side ends of the target part;

[0020] The Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface A is raised by ε1 relative to the theoretical Z-axis origin, so that the Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface B is the same as the Z-axis origin adjusted after the lifting of the surface A, so as to obtain the actual Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing; wherein ε1=α1 / 2, α1 is the maximum allowable thickness of the first gasket;

[0021] Based on the actual Z-axis origin of semi-finishing, semi-finishing is performed on surface A and surface B in sequence.

[0022] Optionally, the first gasket is selected according to the following principles:

[0023] If the first clearance value is less than α1, a first gasket of corresponding thickness is selected according to the first clearance value; wherein the first clearance value is the clearance value between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling during semi-finishing;

[0024] If the first gap value is greater than or equal to α1, a first gasket with a thickness of α1 is selected.

[0025] Alternatively, the expression for α1 is:

[0026] α1=2η1 / 3;

[0027] Where η1 is the theoretical material removal amount when semi-finishing surface A or surface B.

[0028] Optionally, the following steps are further included between the semi-finishing stage and the finishing stage:

[0029] The target part after semi-finishing is subjected to natural aging to release deformation, and the warpage deformation amount γ2 of the target part after the deformation is released is obtained.

[0030] Optionally, the finishing stage includes the following steps:

[0031] Freely place the semi-finished target parts on the supporting tooling;

[0032] A second gasket is placed at the gap between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling to compensate for the warping deformation amount γ2; wherein the boss has a plurality of bosses and all are connected to the side ends of the target part;

[0033] The Z-axis origin when finishing the A surface is raised by ε2 relative to the theoretical Z-axis origin, so that the Z-axis origin when finishing the B surface is the same as the Z-axis origin after the adjustment of the lifting of the A surface, so as to obtain the actual Z-axis origin of the finishing; wherein ε2=α2 / 2, α2 is the maximum allowable thickness of the second gasket;

[0034] Based on the actual Z-axis origin of the finishing, finish the A surface and the B surface in turn.

[0035] Optionally, the second gasket is selected according to the following principles:

[0036] If the second gap value is less than α2, a second gasket of corresponding thickness is selected according to the second gap value; wherein the second gap value is the gap value between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling during fine machining;

[0037] If the second gap value is greater than or equal to α2, a second gasket with a thickness of α2 is selected.

[0038] Alternatively, the expression for α2 is:

[0039] α2=2η2 / 3;

[0040] Where η2 is the theoretical material removal amount when finishing surface A or surface B.

[0041] The beneficial effects that this application can achieve are as follows: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the prior art description. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a method for controlling warping deformation of parts processing in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the target part and the boss in the embodiment of the present application (top view);

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of offsetting the warping deformation of the A and B surfaces of the target part after symmetrical processing in the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of adjusting the standard offset value δ of the position of the target part in the blank in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the machining material removal amount corresponding to the rough machining stage, the semi-finishing stage and the finishing stage of the target part in the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of stress-free clamping of a target part and lifting of the origin in the Z direction during actual processing in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0052] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0054] Example

[0055] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 This embodiment provides a method for controlling warpage deformation of a part, comprising a rough machining stage, a semi-finishing stage and a finishing stage performed sequentially; wherein the rough machining stage comprises the following steps:

[0056] Obtaining an initial offset value of a target part in the blank, and adjusting the position of the target part in the blank according to the initial offset value; wherein the target part is a part to be processed;

[0057] Rough machining is performed on the A and B surfaces of the target part, and the warpage deformation γ of the target part after rough machining is obtained. A and the warpage γ B ; Wherein, surface A and surface B are two opposite surfaces of the target part;

[0058] Get the overall warpage deformation γ of the target part after rough machiningC ; Among them, γ C =│γ A +γ B │;

[0059] Determine the overall warping deformation γ C Whether the deformation control requirements are met, if so, the initial offset value is output as the standard offset value, if not, return to the step of obtaining the initial offset value of the target part in the blank until the deformation control requirements are met to obtain the standard offset value.

[0060] At present, due to the large residual stress of the blank, when the traditional rough processing scheme (rough processing A surface → rough processing B surface) is used for large integral frame parts or large long beam parts, the parts will produce a large warping deformation at both ends towards the A surface after rough processing of the A surface. A , Excessive warping deformation of parts during machining leads to problems such as unstable quality of parts during machining and inability to clamp parts normally. After rough machining of surface B, the parts have warping deformation with both ends facing surface Bγ B After the rough machining of the A and B sides of the part, the warping deformation of the B side γ B Offsets some of the warping deformation of the A surfaceγ A . Since the structure of the part and the blank is: the heights of the two sides of the part A and B are H A and H B , where H A >H B , since the roughing material removal of surface A is significantly greater than that of surface B, γ A It is also significantly larger than γ B , γ A and γ B The warping deformation of the rough machining of the part after offsetting each otherγ C The deformation control objectives of subsequent semi-finishing and finishing cannot be met.

[0061] Therefore, in this embodiment, when the part is rough-machined, the A-side blank material is removed, resulting in a warping deformation γ at both ends toward the A-side. A After the B-side blank material is removed, the warping deformation γ at both ends toward the B-side is generated. B Here, the warping deformation amount toward the A surface can be defined as a positive value, and the warping deformation amount toward the B surface can be defined as a negative value. According to the specific structure of the parts and the A and B surfaces of the blank, in the early verification and processing stage of the parts, the initial offset value of the position of the parts in the blank is reasonably adjusted, thereby adjusting the rough machining material removal amount of the A and B surfaces of the parts to achieve the machining deformation amount γ of the A and B surfaces as much as possible. A , γ B The effects of mutual offsetting each other are used to achieve the warping deformation of the part after rough machining γ C =│γA +γ B │Meet the requirements of rough machining deformation control (a warpage deformation threshold can be set for comparison). Through iterative adjustments in the early verification processing stage, a more optimal standard offset value δ can be obtained, and the standard offset value δ can be solidified. Then, the solidified rough machining program is compiled according to the standard offset value δ, and the rough machining program of the batch parts is solidified according to the adjusted positional relationship between the blank and the part. The rough machining material removal amount of the parts A and B sides is reasonably allocated, so that the machining deformation of the A and B sides is γ A , γ B The maximum programs offset each other, and the rough machining deformation that meets the deformation control requirements is obtained, which is beneficial to the deformation control goals of subsequent semi-finishing and finishing, and finally the parts with lower warping deformation are processed.

[0062] It should be noted that the relationship between the material removal amounts of the target parts in the three processing stages is: rough machining > semi-finishing > finishing. In the finishing stage, due to the small amount of material removal, the newly generated warping deformation when finishing the A and B surfaces is also small.

[0063] As an optional implementation, the A surface and the B surface of the target part are rough-machined respectively, and the warping deformation γ of the target part after rough-machined is obtained respectively. A and the warpage γ B ,include:

[0064] Rough machining is performed on the upper part of the A surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation γ of the upper part of the A surface after rough machining is obtained A1 ;

[0065] Rough machining is performed on the upper part of the B surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the upper part of the B surface after rough machining is obtained B1 ;

[0066] Rough machining is performed on the lower part of the A surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the lower part of the A surface after rough machining is obtained A2 ;

[0067] Rough machining is performed on the lower part of the B surface of the target part, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the lower part of the B surface after rough machining is obtained B2 ;

[0068] Get the warpage deformation γ A and the warpage γ B ; Among them, γ A =γ A1 +γ A2 , γ B =γ B1 +γ B2 .

[0069] In this embodiment, the rough machining process is refined as follows: rough machining the upper part of surface A → rough machining the upper part of surface B → rough machining the lower part of surface A → rough machining the lower part of surface B. After rough machining the upper part of surface A, a warping deformation γ is generated at both ends toward surface A. A1 , after rough machining the upper part of the B surface, the warping deformation γ at both ends towards the B surface is generated B1 At this time, the first symmetrical removal of material from both sides is completed. After the deformation of the two sides is offset, the warping deformation of the part in the current state is γ c1 =|γ A1 +γ B1 |; After rough machining the lower part of surface A, the warping deformation of both ends toward surface A is generated γ A2 , after rough machining the lower part of surface B, the warping deformation γ at both ends toward surface B is generated B2 At this time, the second symmetrical removal of material from both sides is completed. Therefore, after the deformation of the two sides is offset, the warping deformation of the rough-machining state of the part γc=|γ A1 +γ B1 +γ A2 +γ B2 |. This embodiment optimizes the rough machining scheme into four processes (A upper → B upper → A lower → B lower). By reducing the amount of material removal in each process, the processing warping deformation of the part caused by the removal of blank material in each process is further reduced. After the first two processes (A upper → B upper), the processing warping deformation of the part is offset by the deformation of the two sides. c1 It is a reasonably controllable smaller deformation; the warping deformation of the blank is small during the last two processes (A down → B down), the clamping and clamping of the parts can be carried out normally, and the quality of the parts is stable and controllable during the processing. Therefore, after the rough machining is refined into the above four processes, the rough machining warping deformation γc of the part is greatly reduced compared with the traditional rough machining scheme.

[0070] As an optional embodiment, the following steps are further included between the rough machining stage and the semi-finishing stage: natural aging is performed on the target part after rough machining to release deformation, and the warping deformation amount γ1 of the target part after the deformation is released is obtained. The following steps are further included between the semi-finishing stage and the finishing stage: natural aging is performed on the target part after semi-finishing to release deformation, and the warping deformation amount γ2 of the target part after the deformation is released is obtained.

[0071] In this embodiment, the overall processing plan process of the target part is: rough machining → natural aging to release machining deformation → semi-finishing → natural aging to release machining deformation → finishing. The target part is gradually processed in three stages, which is more conducive to the full release of machining deformation and reduces the amount of machining warping deformation caused by symmetrical machining and removal of the blank material on both sides of the part in each state.

[0072] As an optional embodiment, the semi-finishing stage includes the following steps:

[0073] Place the rough-machined target part freely on the supporting tooling;

[0074] A first gasket is placed at the gap between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling to compensate for the warping deformation amount γ1; wherein the boss has a plurality of bosses and all are connected to the side ends of the target part;

[0075] The Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface A is raised by ε1 relative to the theoretical Z-axis origin, so that the Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface B is the same as the Z-axis origin adjusted after the lifting of the surface A, so as to obtain the actual Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing; wherein ε1=α1 / 2, α1 is the maximum allowable thickness of the first gasket;

[0076] Based on the actual Z-axis origin of semi-finishing, semi-finishing is performed on surface A and surface B in sequence.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the target part is semi-finished, the theoretical semi-finished material removal of both sides A and B is η1, and the semi-finished order is to process side A first and then side B. When processing side A, stress-free clamping is used, that is, the part is placed on the supporting tooling in a free state. In this embodiment, the processing deformation control technology of the boss positioning surface of stress-free clamping is used during semi-finishing. Within the range of semi-finished material removal, the processing warping deformation generated after partial roughing and natural aging can be eliminated; then a first gasket is placed in the gap between the boss positioning surface and the tooling support surface to compensate for the processing warping deformation before semi-finishing. At the same time, the Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface A is raised by ε1 relative to the theoretical Z-axis origin of the machining program, so that the Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface B is the same as the adjusted Z-axis origin of the A surface. The advantages are: the machining material removal of the semi-finishing surfaces A and B can be evenly divided, ensuring that both surfaces A and B of the part have safe and sufficient machining allowances, eliminating the problem of increased machining removal amount on surface A and insufficient machining allowance on surface B caused by adding the first gasket on the lower surface of the boss, thereby solving the problem of increased machining warping deformation of the part after semi-finishing due to the machining material removal amount on surface A being greater than that on surface B, and is more conducive to the mutual offset of machining deformation, thereby further reducing the machining warping deformation of the part in the current machining state.

[0078] As an optional implementation, the first gasket is selected according to the following principles:

[0079] If the first clearance value is less than α1, a first gasket of corresponding thickness is selected according to the first clearance value; wherein the first clearance value is the clearance value between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling during semi-finishing;

[0080] If the first gap value is greater than or equal to α1, a first gasket with a thickness of α1 is selected.

[0081] In this embodiment, since a maximum allowable padding thickness is set to α1, if the actual gap value between the boss locating surface and the tooling support surface (i.e., the first gap value) is less than α1, the thickness of the first gasket can be selected according to the actual gap value; if the actual gap value between the boss locating surface and the tooling support surface is greater than or equal to α1, the first gasket with a thickness of α1 is directly selected to ensure that the selected thickness of the first gasket is within a reasonable range.

[0082] As an optional implementation, the expression of α1 is:

[0083] α1=2η1 / 3;

[0084] Where η1 is the theoretical material removal amount when semi-finishing surface A or surface B.

[0085] In this embodiment, since the maximum allowable gasket thickness α on the lower surface of the boss in the traditional stress-free clamping boss locating surface processing method is relatively small, usually satisfying α≤η / 2 (η is the theoretical material removal amount during semi-finishing or finishing of the A and B surfaces), the smaller α is, the smaller the amount of previous processing deformation that can be eliminated. Therefore, the maximum allowable gasket thickness of this embodiment can be increased to α1=2η1 / 3. A larger maximum allowable gasket thickness can achieve more compensation to eliminate the warping deformation caused by the previous processing state.

[0086] As an optional embodiment, the finishing stage includes the following steps:

[0087] Freely place the semi-finished target parts on the supporting tooling;

[0088] A second gasket is placed at the gap between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling to compensate for the warping deformation amount γ2; wherein the boss has a plurality of bosses and all are connected to the side ends of the target part;

[0089] The Z-axis origin when finishing the A surface is raised by ε2 relative to the theoretical Z-axis origin, so that the Z-axis origin when finishing the B surface is the same as the Z-axis origin after the adjustment of the lifting of the A surface, so as to obtain the actual Z-axis origin of the finishing; wherein ε2=α2 / 2, α2 is the maximum allowable thickness of the second gasket;

[0090] Based on the actual Z-axis origin of the finishing, finish the A surface and the B surface in turn.

[0091] In this embodiment, the principles of the finishing stage and the semi-finishing stage are the same. Both adopt the method of lifting the Z-axis origin of the actual processing, so as to evenly divide the processing material removal amount of the finishing surfaces A and B, so as to further reduce the processing warping deformation of the part in the current processing state. The specific principle will not be repeated here.

[0092] As an optional implementation, the second gasket is selected according to the following principles:

[0093] If the second gap value is less than α2, a second gasket of corresponding thickness is selected according to the second gap value; wherein the second gap value is the gap value between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling during fine machining;

[0094] If the second gap value is greater than or equal to α2, a second gasket with a thickness of α2 is selected.

[0095] And the expression of α2 is: α2=2η2 / 3; where η2 is the theoretical material removal amount when finishing the A surface or the B surface.

[0096] In this embodiment, the selection principle of the second gasket in the finishing stage is the same as the selection principle of the first gasket mentioned above, and the maximum allowable gasket thickness is also increased to α2=2η2 / 3, thereby promoting the effect of smaller processing warping deformation.

[0097] It should be noted that the traditional deformation control schemes for the semi-finishing and finishing stages are: stress-free clamping of the B-side boss positioning surface → processing of the A-side → processing of the B-side, with a total of 6 processing steps, and the part is turned over 4 times to complete the semi-finishing and finishing of the part; while the deformation control schemes for the semi-finishing and finishing stages in the present embodiment are: processing the A-side (stress-free clamping according to the maximum allowable gasket thickness + lifting the Z-axis origin) → processing the B-side (processing according to the actual Z-axis origin), with a total of 4 processing steps. Therefore, the deformation control method provided in this embodiment reduces 2 processes, reduces the part turning and clamping by 2 times, has higher processing efficiency, lower labor intensity, and is more environmentally friendly and low-energy.

[0098] To facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application is further described below with reference to examples:

[0099] The target part material is 7050-T7452 aluminum alloy die forgings. The residual stress of the blank is relatively large, and the processing warping deformation is also large. Figure 2-4 The structural features of the parts shown are: the edge height of surface A is H A , the edge height of surface B is H B , where HA is much larger than HB, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0100] Table 1 Comparison of the warpage deformation of the target parts processed by the conventional solution and the solution of the present invention

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] As can be seen from Table 1, the conventional scheme performs rough machining according to the theoretical position of the part and the blank (δ=0mm). Since the rough machining material removal of the A surface is significantly greater than the material removal of the B surface, the part produces a large rough machining warping deformation at both ends toward the A surface after rough machining, and the deformation is as high as 10.6mm. However, by adopting the rough machining scheme provided by the present invention, through the iterative verification of the preliminary test piece, when the position of the part in the blank is moved up by δ=3mm, after the part completes the first two-sided symmetrical machining (rough machining of the upper part of the A surface → rough machining of the upper part of the B surface), the deformation of the two surfaces offset each other, and the machining deformation of the part is: the warping deformation at both ends toward the A surface, and the deformation is 13.2-10.5=2.7mm; after the part completes the second two-sided symmetrical machining (rough machining of the lower part of the A surface → rough machining of the lower part of the B surface), the deformation of the two surfaces offset each other, and the machining deformation of the part is: the warping deformation at both ends toward the A surface, and the deformation is 11.7-8.6=3.1mm.

[0104] Therefore, according to the rough machining scheme provided by the present invention, the warping deformation γc of the part after rough machining is effectively reduced. Since the warping deformation of the part is relatively small when the part is clamped in each rough machining process, the part is easier to complete the clamping, and the quality of the part is stable and controllable during the machining process.

[0105] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown in the figure, when the part is semi-finished, the theoretical machining removal amount η1 of the semi-finished surface A and the semi-finished surface B is 3mm. Stress-free clamping is used when semi-finishing the surface A, and a gasket is added to the lower surface of the boss with clearance to eliminate the warping deformation γ1 caused by rough machining and natural aging of some parts. The stress-free clamping method is: if the boss clearance is less than 2mm, a gasket is added according to the actual clearance amount, and if the boss clearance is ≥2mm, a gasket is added according to 2mm. By adding a gasket to the lower surface of the boss with deformation clearance, the machining deformation caused by rough machining of 2mm is eliminated. Since the stress-free clamping method with gaskets changes the theoretical Z-axis height of the part, if the part is processed according to the theoretical Z0 plane (i.e., the theoretical Z-axis origin), the actual removal amount of surface A is 3-5mm (at the place where the part is not deformed, the actual processing removal amount of the place where the gasket is not added on the lower surface of the boss = the theoretical removal amount 3; at the place where the part is warped and deformed, the actual processing removal amount of the place where the gasket thickness α is added on the lower surface of the boss = 3+α, where 0<α<2). Corresponding to surface A, the actual removal amount of surface B is 1-3mm.

[0106] If the parts are semi-finished at the origin in the Z direction according to the theory of CNC machining program, the following problems will occur that are not conducive to part quality and deformation control:

[0107] ① The A side has too much allowance, and the B side has insufficient allowance, so the part has the quality risk of insufficient finishing allowance on the B side;

[0108] ②The machining removal amount of part A surface is η 1A , the machining removal amount of part B surface is η 1B , the stress-free clamping method increases η 1A Reduced η 1B , which increases the asymmetric material removal on the semi-finishing A and B sides of the part, thereby increasing the warping deformation γ2 of the part after semi-finishing and natural aging.

[0109] To solve the above problems, according to the technical measures provided by the patent of the present invention, the actual Z-axis origin of the part during semi-finishing is the theoretical origin raised 1mm toward the A surface (half of the maximum pad thickness of 2mm). When the part is processed according to the adjusted Z-axis origin, the actual removal amount of the A surface is 2-4mm, and the actual removal amount of the B surface is 2-4mm. The margins on both sides are sufficient, and the material removal amount η on both sides during semi-finishing is 1A and η 1B The material removal is close to symmetrical, which effectively reduces the warping deformation γ2 of the part after semi-finishing and natural aging.

[0110] Similarly, when finishing the parts, the theoretical machining removal η2 of the finishing surface A and the finishing surface B are both 3mm. When finishing the A surface, stress-free clamping is used, and a gasket is added to the lower surface of the gap boss to eliminate the warping deformation γ2 caused by the semi-finishing and natural aging of some parts. The stress-free clamping method is: if the boss gap is less than 2mm, a gasket is added according to the actual gap; if the boss gap is ≥2mm, a gasket is added according to 2mm. By adding a gasket to the lower surface of the boss with a deformation gap, the machining deformation caused by the semi-finishing of 2mm is eliminated. Since the stress-free clamping method of adding a gasket changes the theoretical Z-direction height of the part, if the part is processed according to the theoretical Z0 plane, the actual removal of the A surface is 3-5mm (the actual machining removal of the part without deformation, the actual machining removal of the place where the gasket is not added on the lower surface of the boss = the theoretical removal 3; the actual machining removal of the part where the gasket thickness α is added on the lower surface of the boss = 3+α, where 0<α<2). Corresponding to the A surface, the actual removal of the B surface is 1-3mm.

[0111] If the parts are finely processed at the Z-axis origin according to the CNC machining program theory, the following problems will occur that are not conducive to part quality and deformation control:

[0112] ① The margin on the A side is too much, and the margin on the B side is insufficient. Some parts on the B side of the part may have the quality risk of insufficient material and overcutting;

[0113] ②The machining removal amount of part A surface is η 2A , the machining removal amount of part B surface is η 2B , the stress-free clamping method increases η2A Reduced η 2B , which increases the asymmetric material removal on the A and B sides of the part during finishing, thereby increasing the warping deformation γ of the part after finishing.

[0114] To solve the above problems, according to the deformation control measures provided by the patent of the present invention, the actual Z-axis origin of the part during fine machining is the theoretical origin, which is raised 1mm toward the A surface (half of the maximum pad thickness of 2mm). When machining the part according to the adjusted Z-axis origin, the actual removal amount of the A surface is 2-4mm, and the actual removal amount of the B surface is 2-4mm. The margins on both sides are sufficient, and the material removal amount η on both sides during semi-finishing is 2A and η 2B The material removal is close to symmetrical, which effectively reduces the final warpage deformation γ of the part after finishing.

[0115] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling warpage deformation during part processing. It is characterized in that The method comprises a rough machining stage, a semi-finishing stage and a finishing stage which are performed sequentially; wherein the rough machining stage comprises the following steps: Acquire an initial offset value of a target part in the blank, and adjust the position of the target part in the blank according to the initial offset value; wherein the target part is a part to be processed; Rough machining is performed on the A surface and the B surface of the target part respectively, and the warping deformation γ of the target part after rough machining is respectively obtained A and the warpage γ B ; Wherein, the A surface and the B surface are two opposite surfaces of the target part; Get the overall warping deformation γ of the target part after rough machining C ; Among them, γ C =│γ A +γ B │; Determine the overall warping deformation γ C Whether the deformation control requirement is met, if so, the initial offset value is output as the standard offset value, if not, return to the step of obtaining the initial offset value of the target part in the blank until the deformation control requirement is met to obtain the standard offset value.

2. A method for controlling warpage of parts during machining as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The A surface and the B surface of the target part are rough-machined respectively, and the warping deformation amount γ of the target part after rough-machined is obtained respectively. A and the warpage γ B ,include: Rough machining is performed on the upper portion of the A surface of the target part, and the warping deformation amount γ of the upper portion of the A surface after rough machining is obtained A1 ; Rough machining is performed on the upper portion of the B surface of the target part, and the warping deformation amount γ of the upper portion of the B surface after rough machining is obtained B1 ; Rough machining is performed on the lower portion of the A surface of the target part, and the warping deformation amount γ of the lower portion of the A surface after rough machining is obtained A2 ; Rough machining is performed on the lower portion of the B surface of the target part, and the warping deformation amount γ of the lower portion of the B surface after rough machining is obtained B2 ; Get the warpage deformation γ A and the warpage γ B ; Among them, γ A =γ A1 +γ A2 , γ B =γ B1 +γ B2 .

3. A method for controlling warpage of parts during machining as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The following steps are also included between the rough machining stage and the semi-finishing stage: The target part after rough machining is subjected to natural aging to release deformation, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the target part after the deformation is released is obtained 1 .

4. A method for controlling warpage of parts during machining as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that The semi-finishing stage comprises the following steps: freely placing the target part after rough machining on a supporting tool; A first gasket is placed in the gap between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting fixture to compensate for the warping deformation γ 1 ; Wherein, the boss has multiple and all are connected to the side end of the target part; The Z origin of the semi-finishing A surface is raised relative to the theoretical Z origin by ε. 1 , so that the Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing surface B is the same as the Z-axis origin of the surface A after the lifting adjustment, so as to obtain the actual Z-axis origin of the semi-finishing; where, ε 1 =α 1 / 2,α 1 is the maximum allowable thickness of the first gasket; Based on the actual Z-direction origin of the semi-finishing, the A surface and the B surface are semi-finished in sequence.

5. A method for controlling warpage of parts during machining as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that The selection principle of the first gasket is: If the first gap value is less than α 1 , then the first gasket of corresponding thickness is selected according to the first gap value; wherein the first gap value is the gap value between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling during semi-finishing; If the first gap value is greater than or equal to α 1 , then choose the thickness to be α 1 The first gasket.

6. A method for controlling warpage of parts during machining as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that α 1 The expression is: a 1 =2nd 1 / 3; Where η 1 It is the theoretical material removal amount when semi-finishing the A surface or the B surface is performed.

7. A method for controlling warpage deformation of parts processing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, It is characterized in that The following steps are also included between the semi-finishing stage and the finishing stage: The target part after semi-finishing is subjected to natural aging to release deformation, and the warpage deformation amount γ of the target part after the deformation is released is obtained 2 .

8. A method for controlling warpage of parts during machining as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The finishing stage comprises the following steps: freely placing the semi-finished target part on a supporting tooling; A second gasket is placed in the gap between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting fixture to compensate for the warping deformation γ 2 ; Wherein, the boss has multiple and all are connected to the side end of the target part; The Z origin when finishing the A surface is raised relative to the theoretical Z origin by ε. 2 , so that the Z-origin when finishing the B surface is the same as the Z-origin after the A surface is adjusted, so as to obtain the actual Z-origin of the finishing; where ε 2 =α 2 / 2,α 2 is the maximum allowable thickness of the second gasket; Based on the actual Z-direction origin of the fine machining, the A surface and the B surface are fine-machined in sequence.

9. A method for controlling warpage of parts according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The selection principle of the second gasket is: If the second gap value is less than α 2 , then select the second gasket of corresponding thickness according to the second gap value; wherein the second gap value is the gap value between the positioning surface of the boss and the supporting surface of the supporting tooling during fine machining; If the second gap value is greater than or equal to α 2 , then choose the thickness to be α 2 The second gasket.

10. A method for controlling warpage of parts processing as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that α 2 The expression is: a 2 =2nd 2 / 3; Where η 2 It is the theoretical material removal amount when finishing the A surface or the B surface.

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