Design method of river ecological garden landscape dike dam

Abstract

The invention provides a design method of a river ecological garden landscape dike dam, which comprises the following steps of: 1, acquiring hydrological data of a river and surrounding environment information of the river, establishing a three-dimensional terrain model, and analyzing and determining flood frequency and flood peak flow parameters of the river; water conservancy projects, ecological protection and landscape design are organically combined, the river flood control function is guaranteed, meanwhile, a river ecological system is protected and restored to the maximum extent, the surrounding landscape quality is improved, and the requirements of people for the beautiful living environment are met; through accurate hydrological data collection and analysis, design parameters are optimized in combination with an advanced finite element analysis method and a genetic algorithm, so that the dike dam has higher stability and safety under adverse conditions of flood, earthquake and the like, and the disaster risk is reduced; in the construction process, strict quality detection and process supervision are conducted on all construction links, the construction quality of the dike dam is ensured, the service life of the dike dam is prolonged, and the later maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering and ecological landscape, and in particular to a design method for a river ecological garden landscape embankment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of social economy and people's increasing requirements for ecological environment quality, traditional river embankment design methods have gradually exposed many problems. In the past, the design of river embankments often focused on flood control and water conservancy functions, ignoring the importance of ecological balance and landscape aesthetics. This single-function design has led to the destruction of river ecosystems and the reduction of biodiversity, while also failing to meet people's needs for leisure, entertainment and aesthetics.

[0003] In addition, traditional design methods may have insufficient stability when dealing with natural disasters such as floods and earthquakes, which can easily cause damage or even collapse of the embankment, posing serious safety hazards to surrounding areas. Moreover, during the construction process, due to the lack of scientific and reasonable quality control measures, the quality of the embankment varies, affecting its service life and performance.

[0004] In terms of maintenance and management in the later stage, due to the lack of systematic monitoring and effective maintenance measures, problems with the embankment could not be discovered in time, causing the problems to gradually deteriorate, increasing the cost and difficulty of repair;

[0005] Therefore, a design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention hopes to provide a design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0007] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows: A design method for a river ecological garden landscape embankment comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Obtain the hydrological data of the river and the surrounding environment information of the river, establish a three-dimensional terrain model, and analyze and determine the flood frequency and peak flow parameters of the river;

[0009] Step 2: According to the 3D terrain model, the river's hydrological data and surrounding environmental information, determine the height and slope of the embankment, and design the layered structure of the embankment, including the base layer, the filter layer and the slope protection layer;

[0010] Step 3: Plant plants on the berm, design landscape pieces, lighting systems and drainage systems;

[0011] Step 4: Use the finite element analysis method to conduct stability analysis on the designed embankment structure, calculate the stress, strain and displacement of the embankment under adverse conditions of floods and earthquakes, and optimize and adjust the embankment design based on the stability analysis results;

[0012] Step 5: Use genetic algorithm to optimize the design parameters of the embankment, take the construction cost, ecological benefit and landscape effect of the embankment as the objective function, and establish an optimization model;

[0013] Step 6. Construct the embankment according to the design plan and control the construction quality. After the embankment is built, conduct regular monitoring, including embankment deformation, plant growth conditions and water quality changes, to identify problems in a timely manner and take corresponding maintenance measures.

[0014] Further preferably, in step one, the hydrological data of the river include flow, flow velocity, water level, sand content and ice conditions; the surrounding environmental information of the river includes topography, soil type, vegetation type, vegetation density and vegetation distribution range; when the analysis determines the river flood frequency and peak flow parameters, the Pearson III curve or Gumbel curve analysis method is used.

[0015] Further preferably, in step 2, the height H of the embankment is calculated by the following formula:

[0016] H=H flood +h safety ;

[0017] Among them, H flood is the design flood level, h safety For safety overheight, the safety overheight value range is 0.5-1.0 meters;

[0018] The slope of the berm is determined according to soil type and stability requirements, usually between 1:1.5-1:3;

[0019] The foundation layer is made of concrete or mortar masonry structure with a thickness of not less than 30 cm;

[0020] The reverse filter layer is made of sand and gravel;

[0021] The slope protection layer uses ecological materials, including ecological concrete and plant blocks.

[0022] Further preferably, in step 3, the plants are selected from plant varieties that have the functions of soil consolidation, slope protection, and environmental beautification, and the planting density D of the plants is calculated by the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, N is the number of plants designed to be planted, and A is the planting area;

[0025] The landscape sketches include water-friendly platforms, trails, pavilions and towers;

[0026] The drainage system includes surface drainage and underground drainage.

[0027] Further preferably, in step four, the unit type adopted by the finite element analysis method is a triangular unit or a quadrilateral unit; when optimizing and adjusting the embankment design according to the stability analysis results, priority is given to adjusting the structural dimensions and material parameters of the embankment.

[0028] Further preferably, in step five, the optimization model is:

[0029] f(X)=w1C(X)+w2E(X)+w3L(X);

[0030] Among them, X is the design parameter vector, C(X) is the construction cost function, E(X) is the ecological benefit function, L(X) is the landscape effect function, w1, w2, w3 are weight coefficients, the sum of the values ​​of the weight coefficients is 1, and they are allocated according to the focus of the specific project.

[0031] Further preferably, in step six, the control of construction quality includes quality inspection of construction materials of the base layer, filter layer and slope protection layer and standardized supervision of construction technology; the frequency of regular monitoring is determined according to the importance of the river and environmental changes; the maintenance measures include repair of embankment structure, replanting of plants and maintenance of landscape pieces.

[0032] Further preferably, the surface drainage utilizes precast concrete U-shaped troughs, the size of which is determined according to the drainage volume; the underground drainage utilizes plastic drainage blind pipes, the diameter of which is 80-150 mm and the spacing is 3-8 m.

[0033] Further preferably, in step three, the lamps of the lighting system are energy-saving and waterproof.

[0034] Further preferably, the monitoring data is recorded during the regular monitoring, and a database is established to analyze and compare the monitoring data.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solution:

[0036] 1. The present invention organically combines water conservancy projects, ecological protection and landscape design, while ensuring the river's flood control function, it also protects and restores the river ecosystem to the greatest extent, improves the quality of the surrounding landscape, and meets people's demand for a better living environment;

[0037] 2. The present invention uses precise hydrological data collection and analysis, combined with advanced finite element analysis methods and genetic algorithms to optimize design parameters, so that the embankment has higher stability and safety under adverse conditions such as floods and earthquakes, and reduces disaster risks;

[0038] 3. The present invention ensures the construction quality of the embankment, extends the service life of the embankment, and reduces the subsequent maintenance costs by carrying out strict quality inspection and process supervision on each construction link during the construction process. At the same time, by regularly monitoring the embankment, problems are discovered in time and effective maintenance measures are taken, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the embankment and improving the economic benefits of the project.

[0039] The above summary is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a design method for a river ecological garden landscape embankment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a river ecological garden landscape embankment, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Obtain the hydrological data of the river and the surrounding environment information of the river, establish a three-dimensional terrain model, and analyze and determine the flood frequency and peak flow parameters of the river. Specifically, first, obtain the river flow, flow velocity, water level, sediment content and ice conditions through monitoring at the hydrological station; then, use drone aerial photography, ground surveys and other means to collect information such as topography, soil type, vegetation type, vegetation density and vegetation distribution range; finally, use GIS (geographic information system) and CAD (computer-aided design) software to integrate the collected data and establish a detailed three-dimensional terrain model;

[0047] Step 2: Determine the height and slope of the embankment based on the 3D terrain model, the river's hydrological data, and the surrounding environment information, and design the layered structure of the embankment, including the base layer, the filter layer, and the slope protection layer. Specifically, calculate the embankment height based on the design flood level and the safety super height (0.5-1.0 meters); determine the embankment slope based on the soil type and stability requirements;

[0048] Step 3: Plant plants on the berm, design landscape sketches, lighting systems and drainage systems. Among them, plant selection should be based on local climate, soil conditions and ecological needs, and appropriate plant varieties should be selected, with priority given to plants with soil fixation, water conservation, air purification and ornamental value, such as local trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants and aquatic plants, etc., to ensure that the selected plants can effectively play ecological functions such as soil fixation and slope protection, water quality improvement, and microclimate regulation, and promote the recovery and balance of the river ecosystem; the style of the landscape sketch should be coordinated with the overall landscape design, reflecting the regional cultural characteristics, and at the same time incorporating modern design concepts to make it both traditional and contemporary; through the carefully designed plant planting, landscape sketches, lighting systems and drainage systems, not only the ecological environment quality and landscape effect of the berm are improved, but also its practicality and functionality are enhanced, providing a beautiful, comfortable and safe leisure place for surrounding residents and tourists;

[0049] Step 4: Use the finite element analysis method to conduct stability analysis on the designed embankment structure, calculate the stress, strain and displacement of the embankment under adverse conditions of floods and earthquakes, and optimize and adjust the embankment design based on the stability analysis results. Specifically:

[0050] According to the design drawings and detailed parameters of the embankment, use finite element analysis software (such as ANSYS, ABAQUS, etc.) to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the embankment. The model should include the embankment base layer, filter layer, slope protection layer and possible reinforcement structure;

[0051] Define accurate material properties for different material layers in the model (e.g. concrete, gravel, eco-materials, etc.), including elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, density, tensile strength, compressive strength, etc.

[0052] According to the actual working environment of the embankment, reasonable boundary conditions (such as fixed constraints, hinged constraints, etc.) are set, and external loads such as flood pressure and seismic load are applied. The flood pressure can be calculated based on the design flood water level and water density, and the seismic load needs to be determined based on factors such as earthquake intensity and site conditions;

[0053] Calculate the stress distribution of the embankment under flood and earthquake loads, focusing on the stress concentration area and whether the maximum stress value exceeds the allowable stress of the material; analyze the strain of the embankment, evaluate its deformation degree and deformation trend, and ensure that the embankment can still maintain sufficient rigidity under extreme conditions; calculate the overall and local displacement of the embankment, especially the slip and settlement of the slope protection layer, to evaluate the stability of the embankment;

[0054] Based on the results of finite element analysis, the stability of the embankment under adverse conditions of floods and earthquakes is evaluated. If the stress, strain or displacement is found to be beyond the allowable range, it means that there are deficiencies in the embankment design. Based on the problems found in the stability assessment, the embankment design is optimized. Possible optimization measures include increasing the height and width of the embankment, adjusting the slope and material of the slope protection layer, strengthening the treatment of the foundation layer, and adding reinforcement structures. The optimized design should be re-analyzed by finite element analysis to verify its stability.

[0055] After multiple optimizations and iterations, when the embankment design shows good stability in the finite element analysis, the final design solution can be determined, which will serve as the basis for subsequent construction and monitoring;

[0056] Step 5: Use genetic algorithm to optimize the design parameters of the embankment, take the construction cost, ecological benefit and landscape effect of the embankment as the objective function, and establish an optimization model, where:

[0057] Construction cost: Based on the design plan of the embankment, the required material cost, construction cost, maintenance cost, etc. are calculated to form the objective function of the construction cost;

[0058] Ecological benefits: Evaluate the effects of the berm in improving water quality, conserving water and soil, and promoting biodiversity. The ecological benefits can be quantified through ecological indicators (such as water quality improvement rate, soil erosion reduction, biodiversity index, etc.) and the corresponding objective function can be constructed;

[0059] Landscape effect: Based on the landscape design of the berm, combined with aesthetic principles and visitor satisfaction surveys, its landscape effect is evaluated and converted into a quantifiable objective function;

[0060] Through the application of genetic algorithms, the design parameters can be further optimized to achieve the optimal combination of construction cost, ecological benefit and landscape effect while ensuring the safety and stability of the embankment.

[0061] Step 6. Construct the embankment according to the design plan and control the construction quality. After the embankment is built, conduct regular monitoring, including embankment deformation, plant growth conditions and water quality changes, to identify problems in a timely manner and take corresponding maintenance measures.

[0062] In one embodiment, specifically: in step 1, the hydrological data of the river include flow, flow velocity, water level, sediment content and ice conditions; the surrounding environmental information of the river includes topography, soil type, vegetation type, vegetation density and vegetation distribution range; when analyzing and determining the river flood frequency and peak flow parameters, the Pearson III curve or Gumbel curve analysis method is used, wherein,

[0063] The Pearson III curve is a commonly used hydrological frequency curve, which is suitable for describing the probability distribution of hydrological variables. By fitting historical flood data, flood flow values ​​under different return periods can be obtained;

[0064] The Gumbel curve is another commonly used extreme value distribution curve, which is particularly suitable for describing the probability distribution of extreme hydrological events (such as flood peak flow). The design flood flow can also be determined by fitting historical data.

[0065] In one embodiment, specifically: in step 2, the height H of the embankment is calculated by the following formula:

[0066] H=H flood +h safety ;

[0067] Among them, H flood is the design flood level, h safety For safety overheight, the safety overheight value range is 0.5-1.0 meters;

[0068] The slope of the berm is determined according to soil type and stability requirements, usually between 1:1.5-1:3;

[0069] The foundation layer is made of concrete or mortar masonry structure with a thickness of not less than 30 cm. The foundation layer is the load-bearing and stable foundation of the embankment. During the construction process, the foundation layer needs to be processed as necessary, such as cleaning the riverbed and compacting the foundation, to improve its overall stability.

[0070] The filter layer is made of gravel, which is located above the base layer. Its main function is to prevent the water flow from scouring and penetrating the base layer. Usually, gravel and other materials with good water permeability and moderate particle size are used as the filter layer. The setting of the filter layer helps to maintain smooth drainage inside the embankment and improve the overall stability of the embankment.

[0071] The slope protection layer uses ecological materials, including ecological concrete and plant blocks. The slope protection layer is the external protective layer of the embankment, which directly bears the effects of natural forces such as water erosion, wind and wave attacks, etc. In order to achieve the dual goals of ecology and protection, the slope protection layer usually uses ecological materials, such as ecological concrete, plant blocks, etc. Ecological concrete is a porous concrete material that can provide conditions for plant growth; plant blocks are a slope protection material that combines plants and blocks, which not only has a protective function but also can beautify the environment.

[0072] In one embodiment, specifically: in step 3, the plants are selected from plant varieties that have the functions of soil consolidation, slope protection, and environmental beautification, and the planting density D of the plants is calculated by the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, N is the number of plants designed to be planted, and A is the planting area. By reasonably calculating the planting density, it can be ensured that the plants are evenly distributed on the slope of the embankment, neither too crowded to affect growth, nor too sparse to effectively play the role of soil consolidation and slope protection;

[0075] The landscape sketches include water-friendly platforms, trails, pavilions and towers. The water-friendly platforms provide tourists with an opportunity to get close to the water surface and enhance their water-friendly experience. The trails are set along the edge of the embankment to facilitate tourists to stroll and enjoy the river view, and can also be used as emergency evacuation passages. Pavilions and towers are set up at appropriate locations, which can serve as a place for tourists to rest and add a sense of layering and cultural atmosphere to the landscape.

[0076] The drainage system includes surface drainage and underground drainage. The surface drainage is mainly achieved by setting up drainage ditches, intercepting ditches and other facilities to quickly drain rainwater on the slope of the embankment to prevent the accumulation of water from eroding and damaging the embankment. The underground drainage is a drainage blind ditch or drainage network set below the foundation layer of the embankment to drain groundwater that has penetrated into the embankment to keep the inside of the embankment dry and stable.

[0077] In one embodiment, specifically: in step 4, the unit type used by the finite element analysis method is a triangular unit or a quadrilateral unit, wherein the triangular unit is suitable for complex geometric shapes and irregular mesh division, and they have high flexibility, but may have slightly lower accuracy in some cases (such as high stress concentration areas); quadrilateral units are more commonly used in regular mesh division because they usually provide higher calculation accuracy and efficiency, and quadrilateral units perform particularly well in simulating uniform stress conditions; according to the specific shape and stress characteristics of the embankment, a suitable unit type can be selected for modeling and analysis;

[0078] When optimizing and adjusting the embankment design according to the stability analysis results, priority is given to adjusting the structural dimensions and material parameters of the embankment, wherein the structural dimensions include geometric dimensions such as the height, width, and slope of the embankment. By adjusting these dimensions, the force distribution and stability of the embankment can be changed. For example, increasing the height of the embankment can improve flood control capabilities, but it may also increase deadweight and foundation pressure. Adjusting the slope can improve water flow conditions and reduce scouring damage. Material parameters include physical properties such as strength, elastic modulus, and density of the materials used for the embankment. By selecting more suitable materials or adjusting the material ratio, the bearing capacity and durability of the embankment can be improved. For example, using high-strength concrete or adding fiber-reinforced materials can improve the crack resistance and scouring resistance of the embankment.

[0079] In one embodiment, specifically: in step 5, the optimization model is:

[0080] f(X)=w1C(X)+w2E(X)+w3L(X);

[0081] Among them, X is the design parameter vector, C(X) is the construction cost function, E(X) is the ecological benefit function, L(X) is the landscape effect function, w1, w2, w3 are weight coefficients, the sum of the weight coefficients is 1, and they are allocated according to the focus of the specific project;

[0082] Assume that an ecological garden landscape embankment for a city river is designed. The specific parameters and functions are set as follows:

[0083] Design parameter vector X = [embankment height H, embankment slope m, plant planting density D, number of landscape sketches n, etc.];

[0084] Construction cost function C(X) = 1000H + 500m + 200D + 5000n (unit: yuan)

[0085] Ecological benefit function E(X) = 800H + 1000m + 300D + 2000n (unit: ecological benefit score)

[0086] Landscape effect function L(X) = 1200H + 800m + 400D + 3000n (unit: landscape effect score)

[0087] For this specific project, since the city has high requirements for landscape effects, and also needs to consider certain ecological benefits and control construction costs, the weight coefficients we assigned are: w1 = 0.3 (construction cost), w2 = 0.3 (ecological benefits), w3 = 0.4 (landscape effect);

[0088] Then the optimization model f(X)=0.3×(1000H+500m+200D+5000n)+0.3×(800H+1000m+300D+2000n)+0.4×(1200H+800m+400D+3000n).

[0089] In one embodiment, specifically: in step six, the control of construction quality includes quality inspection of construction materials of the foundation layer, filter layer and slope protection layer and standardized supervision of construction technology. Specifically, the strength, durability, mix ratio, etc. of materials such as concrete or mortar masonry are strictly inspected to ensure that the foundation layer has sufficient bearing capacity and stability; the particle size, gradation, mud content and other indicators of gravel are checked to ensure that the filter layer can effectively drain water and prevent soil loss; the performance of materials such as ecological concrete and plant blocks is tested, including strength, permeability, plant growth adaptability, etc., to ensure that the slope protection layer can both protect the embankment and promote ecological restoration;

[0090] The frequency of regular monitoring shall be determined according to the importance of the river and environmental changes. Specifically, the monitoring frequency shall be increased for the embankments of important rivers or environmentally sensitive areas so as to timely detect and respond to possible risks. Monitoring shall also be strengthened during extreme weather conditions (such as heavy rains, floods) or periods of frequent geological activities. The monitoring content shall include the deformation of the embankments, seepage conditions, plant growth conditions, and the integrity of landscape features.

[0091] The maintenance measures include repairing the embankment structure, replanting plants and maintaining landscape features. Specifically, necessary reinforcement and repair of the base layer, filter layer and slope protection layer are carried out to ensure the overall stability of the embankment; plant planting and maintenance work is reasonably arranged according to seasonal and climatic conditions; damaged or aged landscape features are repaired or updated to maintain their beauty and functionality.

[0092] In one embodiment, specifically: the surface drainage uses a precast concrete U-shaped trough, the size of which is determined according to the drainage volume. The precast concrete U-shaped trough has the advantages of high strength, good durability, and convenient construction. Its U-shaped design is conducive to smooth water flow, reduces siltation, and improves drainage efficiency;

[0093] The underground drainage utilizes plastic drainage blind pipes with a diameter of 80-150mm and a spacing of 3-8m. The plastic drainage blind pipes have the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, and easy installation. They can effectively collect and discharge groundwater, reduce the penetration pressure of groundwater on the embankment, and improve the stability of the embankment.

[0094] In one embodiment, specifically: in step three, the lamps of the lighting system are energy-saving and waterproof. The use of energy-saving lamps is an effective way to reduce energy consumption and lower operating costs. In the dike lighting system, LED (light-emitting diode) lamps can be given priority. LED lamps have the advantages of high efficiency, long life, and low energy consumption. Compared with traditional lighting lamps, they can significantly reduce electricity consumption and reduce maintenance costs caused by frequent replacement of lamps. Waterproof lamps usually adopt a shell design with good sealing performance, and the internal circuit and light source are effectively protected to ensure that they can still work normally in a humid environment.

[0095] In one embodiment, specifically: recording monitoring data during regular monitoring, establishing a database, analyzing and comparing monitoring data, recording monitoring data during regular monitoring, establishing a database, analyzing and comparing monitoring data is an important task in the management of embankment projects. It helps to timely discover potential problems, evaluate embankment performance, and optimize management decisions, thereby ensuring the long-term safe operation of the embankment.

[0096] In summary, the present invention organically integrates water conservancy projects, ecological protection and landscape design, while ensuring the river's flood control function, it protects and restores the river ecosystem to the greatest extent, improves the quality of the surrounding landscape, and meets people's needs for a better living environment; through precise hydrological data collection and analysis, combined with advanced finite element analysis methods and genetic algorithms to optimize design parameters, the stability and safety of the embankment under adverse conditions such as floods and earthquakes are improved, and the risk of disasters is reduced; strict quality inspection and process supervision are carried out during construction to ensure construction quality, extend service life, and reduce maintenance costs; a complete monitoring and maintenance system is equipped, regular monitoring is carried out, problems are discovered and solved in a timely manner, a database is established to analyze monitoring data, and experience and data support are provided for subsequent work; ecological materials and plant planting are used to promote the sustainable development of river ecology, and at the same time, through optimized design and reasonable material selection, construction and maintenance costs are reduced, and the economic benefits of the project are improved.

[0097] Embodiment 2

[0098] Step 1: Obtain data and build a model, specifically:

[0099] Collect multi-year hydrological data for the river, including the maximum flow rate of 1000m 3 / s, average flow velocity 2m / s, water level up to 10m, annual average sediment content 20kg / m 3, with slight ice phenomenon. At the same time, the surrounding terrain is a flat and gentle slope, the soil type is sandy loam, the vegetation types are mainly poplar, willow, and grassland, the vegetation density is moderate, and the distribution range is wide. The three-dimensional terrain model was established using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and related software, and the Pearson III curve analysis method was used to determine that the flood frequency of the river is once in 20 years, and the peak flow parameter is 1500m 3 / s.

[0100] Step 2: Design of embankment structure, specifically:

[0101] The height of the embankment is determined based on the three-dimensional terrain model and hydrological data. Assuming the design flood level is 12 meters and the safety superelevation is 0.8 meters, the embankment height H = 12 + 0.8 = 12.8 meters. The slope of the embankment is determined to be 1:2 based on the soil stability requirements. The foundation layer adopts a 40cm thick concrete structure. The filter layer uses well-graded gravel. Eco-concrete is used for the slope protection layer.

[0102] Step 3: Ecological and landscape design, specifically:

[0103] Willow and alfalfa with soil consolidation and slope protection functions are selected for planting. The planting area is 500 square meters. It is planned to plant 100 willows and 2,000 alfalfa plants, and the planting density is calculated. Hydrophilic platforms, trails and small pavilions are designed as landscape sketches, and energy-saving and waterproof street lights are equipped as lighting systems. At the same time, the surface drainage is designed to use a 50cm×50cm precast concrete U-shaped trough, and the underground drainage uses a plastic drainage blind pipe with a pipe diameter of 100mm and a spacing of 5m.

[0104] Step 4: Stability analysis and optimization, specifically:

[0105] Finite element analysis software was used to analyze the stability of the embankment structure using triangular elements. Stress, strain and displacement data were calculated under simulated flood and earthquake adverse conditions. Based on the analysis results, the structural dimensions of the embankment were fine-tuned and the thickness of the slope protection layer was increased.

[0106] Step 5: Parameter optimization, specifically:

[0107] The construction cost, ecological benefit and landscape effect of the embankment were taken as the objective function, and the weight coefficients w1 = 0.4, w2 = 0.3, w3 = 0.3 were set to establish an optimization model. Multiple iterative calculations were performed through genetic algorithms to optimize the embankment design parameters.

[0108] Step 6: Construction and monitoring and maintenance, specifically:

[0109] The construction is carried out according to the design plan, and the construction materials of the foundation layer, filter layer and slope protection layer are strictly inspected to ensure that the construction process meets the specifications. After the embankment is built, regular monitoring is carried out every quarter, including embankment deformation measurement, plant growth observation and water quality testing. If slight cracks are found in the embankment, they will be repaired in time; if plants are infected with diseases and insect pests, they will be replanted and treated.

[0110] This embodiment successfully designs an ecological garden landscape embankment that meets the characteristics of the river section by adopting a design method for a river ecological garden landscape embankment proposed in the present application. The embankment has a height of 12.8 meters and a slope of 1:2. The foundation layer is made of 40 cm thick concrete, the filter layer is made of gravel, and the slope protection layer is made of ecological concrete. The structure is stable and can meet flood control needs. In terms of ecology and landscape, willows and alfalfa are planted, and landscape sketches such as hydrophilic platforms, trails, pavilions and towers and lighting systems are configured, as well as reasonable surface and underground drainage systems, which improve the ecological environment and landscape effects around the river and provide residents with a space for leisure and entertainment. Through stability analysis and optimization, the safety of the embankment under adverse conditions such as floods and earthquakes is ensured. Strict quality control during the construction process lays the foundation for the long-term stable operation of the embankment. Regular monitoring and timely maintenance measures can ensure the good condition of the embankment and extend its service life, and also help to promptly discover and solve possible problems, such as cracks in the embankment, plant diseases and insect pests, etc.

[0111] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: Step 1: Obtain the hydrological data of the river and the surrounding environment information of the river, establish a three-dimensional terrain model, and analyze and determine the flood frequency and peak flow parameters of the river; Step 2: According to the 3D terrain model, the river's hydrological data and surrounding environmental information, determine the height and slope of the embankment, and design the layered structure of the embankment, including the base layer, the filter layer and the slope protection layer; Step 3: Plant plants on the berm, design landscape pieces, lighting systems and drainage systems; Step 4: Use the finite element analysis method to conduct stability analysis on the designed embankment structure, calculate the stress, strain and displacement of the embankment under adverse conditions of floods and earthquakes, and optimize and adjust the embankment design based on the stability analysis results; Step 5: Use genetic algorithm to optimize the design parameters of the embankment, take the construction cost, ecological benefit and landscape effect of the embankment as the objective function, and establish an optimization model; Step 6. Construct the embankment according to the design plan and control the construction quality. After the embankment is built, conduct regular monitoring, including embankment deformation, plant growth conditions and water quality changes, to identify problems in a timely manner and take corresponding maintenance measures.

2. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step one, the hydrological data of the river include flow, flow velocity, water level, sand content and ice conditions; the surrounding environmental information of the river includes topography, soil type, vegetation type, vegetation density and vegetation distribution range; when the analysis determines the river flood frequency and peak flow parameters, the Pearson III curve or Gumbel curve analysis method is used.

3. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step 2, the height H of the embankment is calculated by the following formula: H=H flood +h safety ; Among them, H flood is the design flood level, h safety For safety overheight, the safety overheight value range is 0.5-1.0 meters; The slope of the berm is determined according to soil type and stability requirements, usually between 1:1.5-1:3; The foundation layer is made of concrete or mortar masonry structure with a thickness of not less than 30 cm; The reverse filter layer is made of sand and gravel; The slope protection layer uses ecological materials, including ecological concrete and plant blocks.

4. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step 3, the plants are selected from plant varieties that have the functions of soil consolidation, slope protection, and environmental beautification. The planting density D of the plants is calculated by the following formula: Among them, N is the number of plants designed to be planted, and A is the planting area; The landscape sketches include water-friendly platforms, trails, pavilions and towers; The drainage system includes surface drainage and underground drainage.

5. The design method of a river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step 4, the unit type adopted by the finite element analysis method is a triangular unit or a quadrilateral unit; when optimizing and adjusting the embankment design according to the stability analysis result, the structural dimensions and material parameters of the embankment are adjusted first.

6. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step 5, the optimization model is: f(X)=w 1 C(X)+w 2 E(X)+w 3 L(X); Among them, X is the design parameter vector, C(X) is the construction cost function, E(X) is the ecological benefit function, L(X) is the landscape effect function, and w 1 、w 2 、w 3 is the weight coefficient, the sum of the values ​​of the weight coefficient is 1, and it is allocated according to the focus of the specific project.

7. The design method of a river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step six, the control of construction quality includes quality inspection of construction materials of the base layer, filter layer and slope protection layer and standardized supervision of construction technology; the frequency of regular monitoring is determined according to the importance of the river and environmental changes; the maintenance measures include repair of the embankment structure, replanting of plants and maintenance of landscape pieces.

8. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 4, Features: The surface drainage utilizes prefabricated concrete U-shaped troughs, the size of which is determined according to the drainage volume; the underground drainage utilizes plastic drainage blind pipes, the diameter of which is 80-150mm and the spacing is 3-8m.

9. The design method of a river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 1, Features: In step three, the lighting system lamps are energy-saving and waterproof.

10. A design method for river ecological garden landscape embankment according to claim 7, Features: During the periodic monitoring, the monitoring data are recorded, and a database is established to analyze and compare the monitoring data.

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