Method and system for evaluating ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration project

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coastal zone protection and restoration project effect evaluation, and provides a coastal zone protection and restoration project ecological environment effect evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining coastal zone protection and restoration project ecological environment effect evaluation index data; establishing a coastal zone protection and restoration project ecological environment effect evaluation system and determining an evaluation index weight; a Spline with Barrier method in a GIS (Geographic Information System) is combined to predict the spatial distribution characteristics of each index data of the ecological environment; according to a standard assignment method, obtaining score distribution characteristics of each index of the ecological environment of the coastal zone protection and restoration project region, and evaluating the ecological environment effect of the coastal zone protection and restoration project region in combination with an analytic hierarchy process and a GIS spatial analysis method. According to the method, the ecological environment effect of the protection and restoration project is evaluated, the ecological environment grade result can be reflected spatially, comprehensively and objectively, and suggestions are provided for coastal zone protection and restoration project maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method and system for evaluating the ecological environment effect of a coastal zone protection and restoration project, belonging to the technical field of effectiveness evaluation of coastal zone protection and restoration projects. Background Art

[0002] The coastal zone is a zone where land and sea interact, and it has both land and sea attributes. Environmental elements such as plants, animals, soil, and water in the coastal zone are affected by both the land and marine environments. Due to their special geographical location and the impact of human activities, the coastal ecosystem is susceptible to pollution and damage. In order to protect the coastal ecosystem, improve and optimize the coastal marine environment, and prevent problems such as coastal beach degradation and beach erosion, various national departments and governments have introduced policies to promote the construction of coastal protection and restoration projects. In order to comprehensively evaluate the implementation of coastal protection and restoration projects, objectively evaluate the effectiveness of protection and restoration projects, and summarize and refine good experience methods, a theoretical basis is provided to continuously improve the coastal ecological environment, enhance the ability to resist marine disasters such as marine typhoons and storm surges, and build a more resilient coastal protection system with synergistic ecological disaster reduction.

[0003] The existing ecological and environmental effect assessment methods for coastal protection and restoration projects are relatively simple, and cannot objectively and quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of protection and restoration projects in space. It is also difficult to provide theoretical and technical support for the maintenance and management of subsequent protection and restoration projects.

[0004] In addition, the evaluation of the effect of coastal protection and restoration projects is a complex and highly professional task, which requires a small number of professionals and units to calculate and discuss together to complete an evaluation plan. Therefore, a set of ecological environmental effect evaluation methods and systems for coastal protection and restoration projects is established to quickly, accurately, scientifically and comprehensively evaluate, and the evaluation results can also be comparable. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for evaluating the ecological and environmental effects of coastal protection and restoration projects, which can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, evaluate the ecological and environmental effects of protection and restoration projects spatially, comprehensively and objectively, and at the same time make recommendations on the maintenance of coastal protection and restoration projects.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of a coastal zone protection and restoration project, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Obtaining the ecological and environmental effect evaluation index data set of coastal protection and restoration projects:

[0008] Through field surveys, indoor analysis, remote sensing and measurement, we obtained beach resource endowment data such as beach geomorphological characteristics and sediment composition, environmental element data of offshore seawater quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, active phosphates, inorganic nitrogen, petroleum and volatile phenols) and offshore sediment quality (heavy metals, petroleum, organic carbon and sulfide), marine biodiversity data such as benthic organisms, zooplankton, phytoplankton and intertidal zone organisms, as well as backshore vegetation data;

[0009] (2) Establish an ecological and environmental effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects: select appropriate evaluation indicators, establish an evaluation system based on the analytic hierarchy process, and determine the weights of each ecological and environmental evaluation indicator in combination with the expert scoring method;

[0010] (3) Generate spatial distribution maps of ecological environment indicators: Use the Spline with Barriers method in GIS to predict the data distribution maps of each indicator, and use the standard assignment method to evaluate the scoring maps of the ecological environment indicators in the coastal protection and restoration project area;

[0011] (4) Evaluate the ecological and environmental effects: Combine the analytic hierarchy process and GIS spatial analysis method to evaluate the ecological and environmental effects of the coastal protection and restoration project area.

[0012] Furthermore, the analytic hierarchy process described in step (2) includes a target layer, a criterion layer and an indicator layer in sequence, wherein the target layer A is the ecological and environmental effect of the coastal protection and restoration project, the criterion layer B includes beach resource endowment, environmental factors, marine biodiversity and backshore vegetation, and the indicator layer C includes 14 evaluation indicators, namely, dry beach width, intertidal zone width, intertidal zone slope, sediment type, sediment sorting degree and beach geomorphic characteristics in beach resource endowment, offshore seawater quality grade and offshore sediment quality grade in environmental factors, benthic species diversity, zooplankton species diversity, phytoplankton species diversity and intertidal zone species diversity in marine biodiversity, and total backshore vegetation area change rate and backshore vegetation coverage change rate in backshore vegetation. After constructing the judgment matrix, the relative importance of each two indicators is judged by comparing each indicator of each level in the hierarchical structure in pairs. The weights of the evaluation indicators in the analytic hierarchy process are determined by using a scoring method of ten experts, statistically analyzing the weight results obtained by the experts, taking the average of the weights that meet the consistency test results, and forming the weights of the indicators at each level.

[0013] Furthermore, the standard assignment method for the distribution characteristics of each indicator described in step (3) includes beach characteristic evaluation indicators and assignment standards, nearshore water quality grade assignment standards, nearshore sediment quality grade assignment standards, marine biodiversity status grade assignment standards and backshore vegetation grade assignment standards, as well as ecological environmental effect evaluation result grading standards.

[0014] Furthermore, the beach characteristics assessment indicators and assignment standards are as follows:

[0015]

[0016] Furthermore, the offshore water quality grade assignment standards are as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Furthermore, the offshore sediment quality grade assignment standards are as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Furthermore, the marine biodiversity status level assignment standards are as follows:

[0021] grade Ⅰ(High) Ⅱ(Medium) Ⅲ(General) IV (low) Assignment [75,100) [50,75) [25,50) (0,25) .

[0022] Furthermore, the backshore vegetation grade assignment standard is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Furthermore, in step (4), the results of the ecological and environmental effect evaluation of the coastal zone protection and restoration project are obtained based on the analytic hierarchy process and the GIS platform, and the specific classification standards of the results are as follows:

[0025] Ecological environment effect level excellent good generally Poor Difference Score [80,100] [60,80) [40,60) [20,40) [0,20) .

[0026] An ecological environment effect evaluation system for coastal zone protection and restoration projects, including:

[0027] Data acquisition module: The data acquisition module obtains beach resource endowment data such as beach geomorphological characteristics and sediment composition through field site surveys, indoor analysis, remote sensing and measurement, obtains environmental element data of offshore seawater quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, active phosphates, inorganic nitrogen, petroleum and volatile phenols) and offshore sediment quality (heavy metals, petroleum, organic carbon and sulfide), obtains marine biodiversity data such as benthic organisms, zooplankton, phytoplankton and intertidal zone organisms, and backshore vegetation data; the survey data and experimental data are imported into the data acquisition module through Excel or shp format;

[0028] Evaluation system module: select appropriate evaluation indicators, establish an evaluation system based on the analytic hierarchy process, and determine the weights of each ecological environment evaluation indicator based on the expert scoring method;

[0029] The module for analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of evaluation indicators combines the Spline with Barriers method in GIS to predict the spatial distribution characteristics of each indicator data, and evaluates the distribution characteristics of the scores of each indicator of the ecological environment in the coastal protection and restoration project area according to the standard assignment method;

[0030] The ecological and environmental effect assessment module combines the hierarchical analysis method and GIS spatial analysis method to obtain the ecological and environmental effect assessment results of the coastal protection and restoration project area.

[0031] Compared with the existing technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: the present invention proposes a method and system for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects, which is used to evaluate the ecological environment effect of the project area, involving comprehensive evaluation indicators, and can spatially and intuitively reflect the evaluation results. The establishment of the method and system for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects of the present invention can not only evaluate the ecological environment effect of the coastal zone protection and restoration project area, but also provide technical support for the maintenance and management of the project in the area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration project in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is the protection and restoration project and assessment work area of ​​the Dapu River Estuary coastal zone in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the Dapu River estuary monitoring site in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a hierarchical structure diagram of ecological environment effect evaluation indicators for coastal zone protection and restoration projects in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a spatial distribution map of beach resource endowment index data in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 A spatial distribution diagram of the environmental factor index level in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is a spatial distribution map of the marine biodiversity index in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a spatial distribution map of the ecological environment effect level of the coastal zone protection and restoration project in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological environment effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0042] A method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of a coastal zone protection and restoration project comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Obtain the ecological and environmental effect evaluation index data of the coastal protection and restoration project

[0044] According to the characteristics of the study area, the survey points were determined. Through field surveys, indoor analysis, remote sensing and measurement, beach resource endowment data such as beach geomorphological characteristics and sediment composition were obtained, and environmental element data of offshore seawater quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, active phosphates, inorganic nitrogen, petroleum and volatile phenols) and offshore sediment quality (heavy metals, petroleum, organic carbon and sulfide) were obtained. Marine biodiversity data such as benthic organisms, zooplankton, phytoplankton and intertidal zone organisms, as well as backshore vegetation data were obtained. The survey data and experimental data were sorted to obtain the ecological and environmental effect data set of the coastal protection and restoration project;

[0045] Step 2: Establish an ecological and environmental effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects and determine the weights of evaluation indicators

[0046] The ecological and environmental effect evaluation system of coastal protection and restoration projects based on the analytic hierarchy process includes the target layer, the criterion layer and the indicator layer. The target layer A is the ecological and environmental effect of the coastal protection and restoration project. The criterion layer B includes beach resource endowment, environmental factors, marine biodiversity and backshore vegetation. The indicator layer C includes the dry beach width, intertidal zone width, intertidal zone slope, sediment type, sediment sorting and beach geomorphic characteristics in the beach resource endowment, the offshore seawater quality grade and offshore sediment quality grade in the environmental factors, the benthic species diversity, zooplankton species diversity, phytoplankton species diversity and intertidal zone species diversity in the marine biodiversity, and the total area change rate of backshore vegetation and the change rate of backshore vegetation coverage in the backshore vegetation. There are 14 evaluation indicators.

[0047] After constructing the judgment matrix, the relative importance of each two indicators is judged by comparing each indicator at each level in the hierarchy. The weights of the evaluation indicators in the hierarchical analysis method are determined by scoring by ten experts. The weight results obtained by the experts are statistically analyzed, and the weights that meet the consistency test results are averaged to form the weights of the indicators at each level.

[0048] Step 3: Spatial distribution map of ecological environment indicators

[0049] The Spline with Barriers method in GIS was used to predict the spatial distribution characteristics of various indicators such as the dry beach width. According to the standard assignment method, the spatial distribution map of the grade scores of each indicator was obtained according to the distribution characteristics of each indicator, including beach characteristic evaluation indicators and assignment standards, nearshore water quality grade assignment standards, nearshore sediment quality grade assignment standards, marine biodiversity status grade assignment standards, and backshore vegetation grade assignment standards.

[0050] The beach characteristics assessment indicators and value assignment standards are as follows according to the Technical Guidelines for Survey and Assessment of the Current Status of Coastal Ecosystems Part 8: Sandy Coasts (T / CAOE 20.8-2020):

[0051]

[0052] The standards for assigning values ​​to offshore water quality grades refer to the "Seawater Quality Standard" (GB 3097-1997) and the "Technical Guidelines for Survey and Assessment of the Current Status of Coastal Ecosystems Part 8: Sandy Coast" (T / CAOE 20.8-2020), as follows:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] The standards for assigning offshore sediment quality grades refer to the Marine Sediment Quality Standards (GB18668-2002) and the Technical Guidelines for Survey and Assessment of the Current Status of Coastal Ecosystems Part 8: Sandy Coasts (T / CAOE 20.8-2020), as follows:

[0056]

[0057] The standards for assigning the status of marine biodiversity to the level of marine biodiversity are as follows: Technical Guidelines for the Assessment of Marine Biodiversity in Coastal Waters (HYT 215-2017):

[0058] grade Ⅰ(High) Ⅱ(Medium) Ⅲ(General) IV (low) Assignment [75,100) [50,75) [25,50) (0,25)

[0059] The standard for assigning the backshore vegetation grade is based on the Technical Guidelines for Survey and Assessment of the Current Status of Coastal Ecosystems Part 8: Sandy Coast (T / CAOE 20.8-2020), as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Step 4: Evaluate the ecological and environmental impact

[0062] Combining the analytic hierarchy process and GIS spatial analysis method, the ecological environmental effect was finally obtained based on the ecological environmental benefit assessment result classification standard.

[0063] Evaluate the ecological and environmental effects of the coastal zone protection and restoration project area. The results of the ecological and environmental effects evaluation of the coastal zone protection and restoration project area are graded as follows:

[0064] Ecological environment effect level excellent good generally Poor Difference Score [80,100] [60,80) [40,60) [20,40) [0,20)

[0065] Another object of the present invention is to provide an ecological environmental effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects, the evaluation system comprising a data acquisition module, an evaluation system module, an evaluation index scoring spatial distribution characteristic analysis module, an ecological environmental effect evaluation module and a coastal protection and restoration project maintenance prediction model.

[0066] Data acquisition module 1, through field surveys, indoor analysis, remote sensing and measurement, obtain beach resource endowment data such as beach geomorphological characteristics and sediment composition, obtain environmental element data of offshore seawater quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, active phosphates, inorganic nitrogen, petroleum and volatile phenols) and offshore sediment quality (heavy metals, petroleum, organic carbon and sulfide), obtain marine biodiversity data such as benthic organisms, zooplankton, phytoplankton and intertidal zone organisms, and backshore vegetation data; these survey data and experimental data are imported into the data acquisition module through Excel or shp format;

[0067] Evaluation system module 2: Select appropriate evaluation indicators, establish an evaluation system based on the analytic hierarchy process, and determine the weights of each ecological environment evaluation indicator in combination with the expert scoring method;

[0068] Evaluation index spatial distribution characteristics analysis module 3, combining the Spline with Barriers method in GIS to predict the spatial distribution characteristics of each index;

[0069] Ecological and environmental effect assessment module 4 evaluates the ecological and environmental effects of the coastal protection and restoration project area based on the standard assignment method, combined with the hierarchical analysis method and GIS spatial analysis method.

[0070] The flowchart of the specific embodiment is as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, taking the monitoring data of the Dapuhekou project area in 2020 as an example, the work area of ​​the Qinhuangdao Dapuhekou Coastal Zone Protection and Restoration Project ( Figure 2 ) to evaluate the ecological and environmental effects of the project, including the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Obtain the ecological and environmental effect evaluation index data of the coastal protection and restoration project

[0072] According to the characteristics of the study area, the monitoring site in the Dapu River estuary area was determined ( Figure 3 ), using RTK to measure topography and profile monitoring, and then using GIS analysis to obtain the dry beach width, intertidal zone width and intertidal zone slope, using a laser particle size analyzer to measure the particle size of sediments, and obtain beach resource endowment data such as sediment type and sorting degree; using pH meter, iodine titration, potassium permanganate method, atomic absorption method, spectrophotometry and other methods to measure pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, petroleum, volatile phenol and other environmental factor data; using an optical microscope to identify and count marine organisms, and using the weight method to measure the biomass data of marine organisms; using remote sensing inversion methods to measure backshore vegetation data. After experimental data analysis, the ecological and environmental effect data set of the coastal protection and restoration project was obtained;

[0073] Step 2: Establish an ecological and environmental effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects and determine the weights of evaluation indicators

[0074] Based on the analytic hierarchy process, an ecological and environmental effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects is established. Figure 4 shown.

[0075] After constructing a judgment matrix, expert scoring, hierarchical sorting and consistency testing, the weights of indicators at each level are determined. See Table 1 for details.

[0076] Table 1 Weight level single ranking table of comprehensive effect evaluation index system of coastal protection and restoration project

[0077]

[0078] Step 3: Spatial distribution map of ecological environment indicators

[0079] (1) Based on the basic data of beach resource endowment indicators in the Dapu River estuary area in 2020, the spatial distribution of each indicator data was predicted by combining the SplinewithBarriers method in GIS. The width of the dry beach ranges from 27.31 to 245.93 m, and the distribution characteristics are shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 a; The width of the intertidal zone ranges from 28.65 to 189.74 m, and its distribution characteristics are shown in Figure 5 b; The slope of the intertidal zone ranges from 0.01 to 17.93, and the distribution characteristics are shown in Figure 5 c; Sediment type distribution see Figure 5 d; Sediment sorting coefficient σi ranges from ( Figure 5 e), are less than

[0080] (2) Based on the basic data of environmental factor indicators in the Dapu River estuary in 2020, and referring to the Seawater Quality Standard (GB3097-1997) and the Marine Sediment Quality Standard (GB18668-2002), a single factor was used to evaluate the offshore seawater quality grade and sediment quality grade. The spatial distribution of the grades is shown in Figure 2. Figure 6 a and Figure 6 b.

[0081] (3) Based on the basic data of marine biodiversity indicators in the Dapu River estuary in 2020 and referring to the Technical Guidelines for Marine Biodiversity Assessment in Nearshore Waters (HYT 215-2017), the number of benthic organisms, phytoplankton, zooplankton and intertidal zone organisms, biomass, diversity index, abundance and other data were calculated to obtain the species diversity index: the benthic animal species diversity index ranged from 14.5 to 41.9, and the spatial distribution was shown in Table 2. Figure 7 a; Phytoplankton species diversity index is 11.2~46.2, and the spatial distribution is shown in Figure 7 b; The zooplankton species diversity index is 25.9-35.4, and the spatial distribution is shown in Figure 7 c; The intertidal zone species diversity index ranges from 0 to 20, and the spatial distribution is shown in Figure 7 d.

[0082] (4) The area of ​​backshore vegetation in the Dapu River estuary work area in 2018 and 2020 was extracted through remote sensing technology, and the total vegetation area change rate and coverage change before construction in 2020 were calculated with reference to the Technical Guidelines for Marine Biodiversity Assessment in Nearshore Waters (HYT 215-2017). Both were 0%.

[0083] Step 4: Evaluate the ecological and environmental impact

[0084] According to the standard assignment method, according to the distribution characteristics of each indicator, including beach characteristic evaluation indicators and assignment standards, offshore water quality grade assignment standards, offshore sediment quality grade assignment standards, marine biodiversity status grade assignment standards, and backshore vegetation grade assignment standards, combined with the hierarchical analysis method and GIS spatial analysis method, and finally according to the ecological environmental benefit evaluation result classification standard, it is concluded that the marine ecological effect evaluation level of the Dapu River estuary work area is general, with a score of 47.94-56.84 ( Figure 8 ).

[0085] like Fig. 9 As shown, the ecological environment effect evaluation system of the coastal zone protection and restoration project provided by the example of the present invention includes:

[0086] The data acquisition module uses RTK and laser particle size analyzer to measure topography, profile monitoring and sediment respectively to obtain beach resource endowment data; uses pH meter, atomic absorption method, spectrophotometry and other methods to measure pH, heavy metals, petroleum, volatile phenols, etc. to obtain environmental element data; uses optical microscope to identify and count marine organisms, uses weight method to measure biological biomass, and obtains marine biodiversity data; uses remote sensing inversion method to obtain backshore vegetation data; these experimental data are imported into the data acquisition module via Excel table or shp format.

[0087] Evaluation system module: select appropriate evaluation indicators, establish an evaluation system based on the analytic hierarchy process, and determine the weights of each ecological environment evaluation indicator based on the expert scoring method;

[0088] The module for analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of evaluation indicators combines the Spline with Barriers method in GIS to predict the spatial distribution characteristics of each indicator data, and evaluates the distribution characteristics of the scores of each indicator of the ecological environment in the coastal protection and restoration project area according to the standard assignment method;

[0089] The ecological and environmental effect assessment module combines the hierarchical analysis method and GIS spatial analysis method to obtain the ecological and environmental effect assessment results of the coastal protection and restoration project area.

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention are realized by combining software and hardware. The hardware part includes a memory and a processor, and the memory stores readable instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps in the above embodiments; the software part can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and a number of instructions are executed to enable the computer system to execute the steps of the above method of the present invention. The computer system and module of the present invention are implemented by semiconductors such as ultra-large-scale integrated circuit valve arrays, logic chips, and hardware circuits of remote devices connected through a communication network; the software part can be implemented in computer executable instructions or processor control codes, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), optical disk or magnetic disk. The present invention can be used in general or special computer configurations, such as server computers, network PCs, personal computers, minicomputers or mainframe computers. Those skilled in the art can understand that the above embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in executable instructions or processor control codes.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the ecological and environmental effects of coastal protection and restoration projects. Features: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Obtaining the ecological and environmental effect evaluation indicator data set of the coastal protection and restoration project: Through field surveys, indoor analysis, remote sensing and measurement, we obtained beach resource endowment data such as beach geomorphological characteristics and sediment composition, obtained environmental element data of offshore seawater quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, active phosphates, inorganic nitrogen, petroleum and volatile phenols) and offshore sediment quality (heavy metals, petroleum, organic carbon and sulfide), obtained marine biodiversity data such as benthic organisms, zooplankton, phytoplankton and intertidal zone organisms, and backshore vegetation data; (2) Establish an ecological and environmental effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects: select appropriate evaluation indicators, establish an evaluation system based on the analytic hierarchy process, and determine the weights of each ecological and environmental evaluation indicator in combination with the expert scoring method; (3) Generate spatial distribution maps of ecological environment indicators: Use the Spline with Barriers method in GIS to predict the data distribution maps of each indicator, and use the standard assignment method to evaluate the scoring maps of the ecological environment indicators in the coastal protection and restoration project area; (4) Evaluate the ecological and environmental effects: Combine the analytic hierarchy process and GIS spatial analysis method to evaluate the ecological and environmental effects of the coastal protection and restoration project area.

2. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 1, Features: The analytic hierarchy process described in step (2) includes a target layer, a criterion layer and an indicator layer in sequence, wherein the target layer A is the ecological and environmental effect of the coastal protection and restoration project, the criterion layer B includes beach resource endowment, environmental factors, marine biodiversity and backshore vegetation, and the indicator layer C includes 14 evaluation indicators, namely, dry beach width, intertidal zone width, intertidal zone slope, sediment type, sediment sorting degree and beach geomorphic characteristics in beach resource endowment, offshore seawater quality grade and offshore sediment quality grade in environmental factors, benthic species diversity, zooplankton species diversity, phytoplankton species diversity and intertidal zone species diversity in marine biodiversity, and total backshore vegetation area change rate and backshore vegetation coverage change rate in backshore vegetation. After constructing the judgment matrix, the relative importance of each two indicators is judged by comparing each indicator of each level in the hierarchical structure in pairs. The weights of the evaluation indicators in the analytic hierarchy process are determined by using a scoring method of ten experts, statistically analyzing the weight results obtained by the experts, taking the average of the weights that meet the consistency test results, and forming the weights of the indicators at each level.

3. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 1, Features: The standard assignment method for the distribution characteristics of each indicator described in step (3) includes beach characteristic evaluation indicators and assignment standards, nearshore water quality grade assignment standards, nearshore sediment quality grade assignment standards, marine biodiversity status grade assignment standards and backshore vegetation grade assignment standards, as well as ecological environmental effect evaluation result grading standards.

4. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 3, Features: The beach characteristics assessment indicators and value assignment standards are as follows:

5. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 3, Features: The specific standards for assigning values ​​to offshore water quality levels are as follows:

6. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 3, Features: The specific standards for assigning offshore sediment quality grades are as follows:

7. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 3, Features: The specific standards for assigning the status of marine biodiversity are as follows: 。 8. According to the method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of coastal zone protection and restoration projects as described in claim 3, Features: The specific standards for assigning the backshore vegetation grade are as follows:

9. A method for evaluating the ecological environment effect of a coastal zone protection and restoration project according to claim 3, Features: The results of the ecological and environmental effect assessment of the coastal zone protection and restoration project were obtained based on the analytic hierarchy process and the GIS platform. The specific classification standards for the results are as follows: 。 10. An ecological environment effect evaluation system for coastal protection and restoration projects. Features: include: The data acquisition module obtains beach resource endowment data such as beach geomorphological characteristics and sediment composition through field site surveys, indoor analysis, remote sensing and measurement, obtains environmental element data of offshore seawater quality (pH, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, active phosphates, inorganic nitrogen, petroleum and volatile phenols) and offshore sediment quality (heavy metals, petroleum, organic carbon and sulfide), obtains marine biodiversity data such as benthic organisms, zooplankton, phytoplankton and intertidal zone organisms, and backshore vegetation data; the survey data and experimental data are imported into the data acquisition module through Excel or shp format; Evaluation system module: select appropriate evaluation indicators, establish an evaluation system based on the analytic hierarchy process, and determine the weights of each ecological environment evaluation indicator based on the expert scoring method; The module for analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of evaluation indicators combines the Spline with Barriers method in GIS to predict the spatial distribution characteristics of each indicator data, and evaluates the distribution characteristics of the scores of each indicator of the ecological environment in the coastal protection and restoration project area according to the standard assignment method; The ecological and environmental effect assessment module combines the hierarchical analysis method and GIS spatial analysis method to obtain the ecological and environmental effect assessment results of the coastal protection and restoration project area.

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