A hydrogen fuel cell structure for drones

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including a circular electric heating tank for mounting a hydrogen fuel cell stack. The hydrogen fuel cell stack is mounted in the circular electric heating tank via a fixed cover. A heat exchange structure is installed in the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and a cooling fan is installed at one end of the stack. Several countersunk air outlets are evenly distributed and penetrated through the bottom of the circular electric heating tank. Each countersunk air outlet is equipped with a detachable countersunk plug. A countersunk air inlet is penetrated through the surface of the fixed cover, and each inlet is equipped with a detachable countersunk plug. The countersunk air inlet communicates with the countersunk air outlet. The cooling fan is located within the countersunk air inlet. This invention features a clean overall structure, reducing installation space when multiple units are needed for large UAVs. Furthermore, it can self-heat during operation in low-temperature environments, preventing the water produced by the hydrogen fuel cell stack from freezing, thus ensuring operational stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drone battery technology, specifically to a hydrogen fuel cell structure for drones. Background Technology

[0002] The hydrogen fuel cell structure for drones is a highly integrated and efficient system designed to improve the drone's endurance and environmental adaptability.

[0003] A search revealed that, for example, the hydrogen fuel cell structure disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN 115425252 A includes a battery casing, a fuel cell stack, and an air drive component. The battery casing has an air passage groove formed inside, and the fuel cell stack is adapted to the air passage groove so that all the air flowing into the battery casing flows into the fuel cell stack through the air passage groove, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell stack. The air drive component is installed on the battery casing and is used to discharge the air after the reaction of the fuel cell stack outside the battery casing. After the air after the reaction is discharged, the air pressure inside the battery casing decreases, and the external air flows into the battery casing under the action of atmospheric pressure.

[0004] However, the aforementioned hydrogen fuel cell structure, due to its polygonal shape, can easily occupy a large amount of installation space when multiple large drones need to be installed; it cannot heat itself at low temperatures, which can easily cause the generated water to freeze, thus affecting the overall operating performance; at the same time, the heat dissipation method is relatively simple and cannot be used in a variety of different temperature environments.

[0005] Therefore, it is essential to invent a hydrogen fuel cell structure for drones. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to solve the problems of existing hydrogen fuel cell structures, which, due to their polygonal shape, tend to occupy a large amount of installation space when multiple units are installed on large UAVs. In addition, they cannot heat themselves at low temperatures, which can easily cause the generated water to freeze, thus affecting the overall performance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): comprising a circular electric heating tank for mounting a hydrogen fuel cell stack, wherein: a hydrogen fuel cell stack is fixedly mounted in the circular electric heating tank via a fixed cover; a heat exchange structure is detachably fixedly mounted in the hydrogen fuel cell stack; a cooling fan is fixedly mounted at one end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack; a plurality of countersunk air outlets are evenly distributed and penetrated through the bottom of the circular electric heating tank; each countersunk air outlet is provided with a detachable countersunk plug; a countersunk air inlet is penetrated through the surface of the fixed cover; each countersunk air inlet is provided with a detachable countersunk plug; the countersunk air inlet communicates with the countersunk air outlet; and the cooling fan is located in the countersunk air inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the hydrogen fuel cell stack includes a single hydrogen cell, a lower convex end cap, and an upper convex end cap, with a plurality of single hydrogen cells evenly distributed and stacked between the lower and upper convex end caps. The single hydrogen cell is fixedly connected to the lower and upper convex end caps by bolts; the cooling fan is fixedly installed on the large end face of the upper convex end cap.

[0009] Preferably, the single hydrogen battery is circular in shape, and its end face is evenly distributed with several ventilation holes and several connection holes in a ring array. Several grooves are evenly distributed on the circumference of the single hydrogen battery. The connection holes are located outside the ventilation holes. A hydrogen inlet pipe, an oxygen inlet pipe, a hydrogen return pipe, a drain pipe, and a power plug are evenly and fixedly installed on the outer side of one of the single hydrogen batteries, and the ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe, oxygen inlet pipe, hydrogen return pipe, drain pipe, and power plug all protrude from the lower convex end cap. The bolts are installed in the corresponding connection holes. The heat exchange structure is installed in the corresponding ventilation holes.

[0010] Preferably, the circular electric heating tank has an annular groove inside the opening and two mounting notches evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the circular electric heating tank; a guide rail is fixedly installed inside the circular electric heating tank; the lower convex end cap and the upper convex end cap are slidably engaged with the guide rail, and the upper convex end cap is installed in the annular groove; the inner diameter of the annular groove is larger than the inner diameter of the circular electric heating tank.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom surface of the circular electric heating tank is provided with four circular holes and one square hole, and the temperature controller of the circular electric heating tank is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the outside of the circular electric heating tank; the ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe, oxygen inlet pipe, hydrogen return pipe and drain pipe are all located in the corresponding circular holes; the port of the power plug is located in the corresponding square hole.

[0012] Preferably, the large end face of the convex end cap has a lower circular cavity, and a plurality of air outlet holes are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the convex part of the convex end cap, which communicate with the lower circular cavity; the large end face of the convex end cap has a lower positioning notch, and a plurality of lower heat exchange holes and a plurality of lower connecting holes are arranged in a circular array on the large end face of the convex end cap; the lower heat exchange holes are connected to the corresponding ventilation holes; the lower connecting holes are connected to the corresponding connecting holes; the small end face of the convex end cap has a lower hole and four... The lower limit hole is connected to the lower circular cavity; the ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe, oxygen inlet pipe, hydrogen return pipe, and drain pipe extend from the corresponding lower limit hole; the port of the power plug extends from the lower hole; the diameter of the lower convex end cap corresponds to the inner diameter of the circular electric heating tank, and the lower convex end cap slides and engages with the guide rail through the lower positioning notch; the bolt is installed in the corresponding lower connecting hole; the heat exchange structure is installed in the corresponding lower heat exchange hole; the lower limit hole is connected to the corresponding circular hole; the lower hole is connected to the square hole.

[0013] Preferably, the upper convex end cap has an upper circular cavity on its large end face, and a plurality of air inlets are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the convex end cap, which communicate with the upper circular cavity; the end face of the upper convex end cap has a plurality of upper heat exchange holes and a plurality of upper connecting holes in a ring array, and a plurality of bolt posts are evenly fixedly installed on the large end face of the upper convex end cap; the upper heat exchange holes are connected to the corresponding ventilation holes; the upper connecting holes are connected to the corresponding connecting holes; the circumferential surface of the upper convex end cap has an upper limit hole; the diameter of the upper convex end cap corresponds to the inner diameter of the annular groove; the bolts are installed in the corresponding upper connecting holes; the heat exchange structure is installed in the corresponding upper heat exchange holes; the cooling fan is coaxial with the upper circular cavity, and the air outlet of the cooling fan is connected to the upper circular cavity.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchange structure includes a main inlet annular pipe, an input pipe, and a main outlet annular pipe. A plurality of branch pipes are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on one side of the main inlet annular pipe, and a connecting pipe seat is fixedly installed on one side of the main inlet annular pipe; the connecting pipe seat is fixedly connected to one end of the input pipe. A plurality of branch pipe heads are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on one side of the main outlet annular pipe, and an output pipe is fixedly installed on the other side of the main outlet annular pipe. The branch pipe head is plugged into and sealed to one end of the corresponding branch pipe. A plurality of branch pipe heads are evenly distributed and fixed on the circumference of the main outlet annular pipe. The device is fixedly equipped with several fixing ears; the main inlet annular pipe, the branch pipe, the connecting pipe seat, the input pipe, the main outlet annular pipe, the branch pipe head, and the output pipe are connected to each other; the fixing ears are fixedly connected to the corresponding bolt posts; the main inlet annular pipe is located outside the large end face of the lower convex end cap; the main outlet annular pipe is located outside the large end face of the upper convex end cap; the branch pipe is located in the corresponding ventilation hole, lower heat exchange hole, and upper heat exchange hole; the input pipe is located in the upper limit hole, and the other end of both the input pipe and the output pipe extends out from the fixing cover.

[0015] Preferably, the surface of the fixing cover has two limiting holes evenly distributed throughout; the other port of the input pipe and the output pipe extends out from the corresponding limiting hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention, through its overall design, allows the circular electric heating tank to be sealed when the drone is operating at low temperatures. This is achieved by simply installing corresponding countersunk outlet and inlet countersunk inlet plugs in the corresponding countersunk outlet and inlet holes. This prevents heat loss from the hydrogen fuel cell stack and allows the circular electric heating tank to heat the hydrogen fuel cell stack, ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell stack is within its normal operating temperature range and preventing the water produced by the hydrogen fuel cell stack from freezing, thereby ensuring the drone's operational performance.

[0018] Meanwhile, when the drone is operating at high temperatures, simply removing the corresponding countersunk outlet and inlet countersunk plugs from the countersunk outlet and inlet holes will allow the circular electric heating tank to be in a ventilated state, preventing heat buildup in the hydrogen fuel cell stack. At the same time, the cooling fan can dissipate heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack, ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell stack is within the normal operating temperature range and preventing overheating, thereby ensuring the drone's operational performance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed cover and the countersunk plug structure of the air inlet of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the countersunk air outlet and the countersunk plug structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the circular electric heating tank and fixed cover of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, heat exchange structure, and cooling fan of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 1. Circular electric heating tank; 2. Single-cell hydrogen battery; 3. Ventilation hole; 4. Groove; 5. Connection hole; 6. Hydrogen inlet pipe; 7. Oxygen inlet pipe; 8. Hydrogen return pipe; 9. Drain pipe; 10. Power plug; 11. Lower convex end cap; 12. Lower circular cavity; 13. Air outlet; 24. Lower positioning notch; 35. Lower heat exchange hole; 36. Lower connection hole; 37. Lower bottom hole; 48. Lower limit hole; 99. Upper convex end cap; 10. Upper circular cavity; 11. Air inlet; 22. Upper heat exchange hole; 33. Upper connection hole; 44. Bolt post; 50. 1. Upper limit hole 46. Bolt 5. Heat exchange structure 6. Main inlet ring pipe 61. Diverter pipe 62. Connecting pipe seat 63. Input pipe 64. Main outlet ring pipe 65. Diverter pipe head 66. Output pipe 67. Fixing ear 68. Cooling fan 7. Fixing cover 8. Countersunk air inlet hole 81. Limiting hole 82. Outlet countersunk plug 9. Inlet countersunk plug 10. Ring groove 11. Installation notch 12. Countersunk air outlet 13. Round hole 14. Square hole 15. Temperature controller 16. Guide rail 17. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Implementation list:

[0029] As attached Figure 1-6 As shown

[0030] This invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), including a circular electric heating tank 1 for mounting hydrogen fuel cell stacks. This design allows for a cleaner overall layout and easier distribution when multiple hydrogen fuel cell stacks are mounted on the UAV, saving installation space. The circular electric heating tank 1 houses the hydrogen fuel cell stacks via a fixing cover 8. A heat exchange structure 6 is detachably mounted within the hydrogen fuel cell stack, allowing it to connect to an external coolant system when needed. This allows coolant to enter the heat exchange structure 6 and exchange heat with the hydrogen fuel cell stack. A cooling fan 7 is fixedly mounted at one end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack for auxiliary cooling when required. The bottom of the circular electric heating tank 1 is evenly distributed with... Several countersunk air outlets 13 are provided to facilitate heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. Each countersunk air outlet 13 is equipped with a removable countersunk plug 9 to seal the outlet 13 when heating of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is required, preventing heat loss. A countersunk air inlet 81 is provided through the surface of the fixed cover 8 to facilitate heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The countersunk air inlet 81 is equipped with a removable countersunk plug 10 to seal the inlet 81 when heating of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is required, preventing heat loss. The countersunk air inlet 81 is connected to the countersunk air outlets 13 to allow air circulation in the circular electric heating tank 1, thereby facilitating heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The cooling fan 7 is located in the countersunk air inlet 81.

[0031] Specifically, the hydrogen fuel cell stack includes a single hydrogen cell 2, a lower convex end cap 3, and an upper convex end cap 4. Several single hydrogen cells 2 are evenly distributed and stacked between the lower convex end cap 3 and the upper convex end cap 4. The single hydrogen cell 2 is fixedly connected to the lower convex end cap 3 and the upper convex end cap 4 by bolts 5. A cooling fan 7 is fixedly installed on the large end face of the upper convex end cap 4 so as to simultaneously dissipate heat from each single hydrogen cell 2.

[0032] Specifically, each hydrogen fuel cell 2 is circular in shape, and its end face is evenly distributed with several ventilation holes 21 and several connection holes 23 in a ring array to allow the hydrogen fuel cell stack to dissipate heat through the ventilation holes 21. Several grooves 22 are evenly distributed on the circumference of each hydrogen fuel cell 2 to increase the contact area between the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the air, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. The connection holes 23 are located outside the ventilation holes 21. A hydrogen inlet pipe 24 and an oxygen inlet pipe 24 are evenly and fixedly installed on the outer side of one of the hydrogen fuel cells 2. The gas inlet pipe 25, hydrogen return pipe 26, drain pipe 27, and power plug 28 are connected to each individual hydrogen cell 2. The ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe 24, oxygen inlet pipe 25, hydrogen return pipe 26, drain pipe 27, and power plug 28 all protrude from the lower convex end cap 3. Bolts 5 are installed in the corresponding connection holes 23. The heat exchange structure 6 is installed in the corresponding ventilation holes 21 to ensure the stability of the heat exchange structure 6 and the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and to facilitate heat exchange with the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0033] Specifically, the circular electric heating tank 1 has an annular groove 11 inside the opening to support the upper convex end cap 4 during the installation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, ensuring the depth and stability of the hydrogen fuel cell stack installed in the circular electric heating tank 1. After the upper convex end cap 4 is installed in the annular groove 11, the outer surface of the upper convex end cap 4 is flush with the surface of the opening of the circular electric heating tank 1, so that the upper convex end cap 4 can be fixed by the fixing cap 8. In addition, two mounting notches 12 are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the circular electric heating tank 1, so that the hydrogen power fuel cell structure intended for the UAV can be fixedly installed in the required position of the UAV by external fasteners. The circular electric heating tank 1 is equipped with a guide rail 17, which is fixedly installed inside the tank to position the hydrogen fuel cell stack during installation, ensuring the accuracy of the installation process and preventing the hydrogen fuel cell stack from rotating inside the tank, thus ensuring the stability of the hydrogen fuel cell stack installed in the circular electric heating tank 1. The lower convex end cap 3 and the upper convex end cap 4 are slidably engaged with the guide rail 17 to facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the hydrogen fuel cell stack from the circular electric heating tank 1, and the upper convex end cap 4 is installed in the annular groove 11. The inner diameter of the annular groove 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the circular electric heating tank 1.

[0034] Specifically, the bottom surface of the circular electric heating tank 1 is evenly provided with four circular holes 14 and one square hole 15. The temperature controller 16 of the circular electric heating tank 1 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the outside of the circular electric heating tank 1. A temperature sensor is installed in the circular electric heating tank 1. The temperature controller 16 and the temperature sensor are connected to the control system of the UAV. The ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe 24, oxygen inlet pipe 25, hydrogen return pipe 26 and drain pipe 27 are all located in the corresponding circular holes 14, so that the hydrogen inlet pipe 24, oxygen inlet pipe 25 and hydrogen return pipe 26 can be connected to the corresponding hydrogen tank and air compressor inside the UAV. The port of the power plug 28 is located in the corresponding square hole 15, so as to connect to the power system of the UAV.

[0035] Specifically, a lower circular cavity 31 is formed on the large end face of the lower convex end cap 3, and several air outlet holes 32 are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the protruding part of the lower convex end cap 3. These air outlet holes 32 communicate with the lower circular cavity 31 to facilitate air circulation. A lower positioning notch 33 is formed on the large end face of the lower convex end cap 3. The lower positioning notch 33 is used to position the fuel cell stack with the guide rail 17 during installation. Several lower heat exchange holes 34 and several lower connecting holes 35 are formed in a circular array on the large end face of the lower convex end cap 3. The lower heat exchange holes 34 are connected to the corresponding ventilation holes 21 to facilitate air circulation. The lower connecting holes 35 are connected to the corresponding connecting holes 23. A lower hole 36 and four lower limiting holes 37 are evenly distributed on the small end face of the lower convex end cap 3, and the lower hole 36 and the lower limiting holes 37 communicate with the lower circular cavity 31. The ports of the gas inlet pipe 24, oxygen inlet pipe 25, hydrogen return pipe 26, and drain pipe 27 extend from the corresponding lower limit hole 37; the port of the power plug 28 extends from the lower hole 36; the diameter of the lower convex end cap 3 corresponds to the inner diameter of the circular electric heating tank 1, and the lower convex end cap 3 is slidably engaged with the guide rail 17 through the lower positioning notch 33; the bolt 5 is installed in the corresponding lower connecting hole 35; the heat exchange structure 6 is installed in the corresponding lower heat exchange hole 34; the lower limit hole 37 is connected to the corresponding circular hole 14; the lower hole 36 is connected to the square hole 15; the lower convex end cap 3 allows the gas in the hydrogen fuel cell stack to be discharged from the lower circular cavity 31, the air outlet 32, and the lower heat exchange hole 34, while allowing external air to enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack through the circular cavity 31, the air outlet 32, and the lower heat exchange hole 34 for heat exchange with the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0036] Specifically, the upper convex end cap 4 has an upper circular cavity 41 on its large end face, and several air inlets 42 are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the protruding part of the upper convex end cap 4. These air inlets 42 communicate with the upper circular cavity 41 to facilitate air circulation. The end face of the upper convex end cap 4 has several upper heat exchange holes 43 and several upper connecting holes 44 arranged in a ring array, and several bolt posts 45 are evenly fixedly installed on the large end face of the upper convex end cap 4. The upper heat exchange holes 43 are connected to the corresponding ventilation holes 21; the upper connecting holes 44 are connected to the corresponding connecting holes 23; and an upper limit hole 46 is provided on the circumferential surface of the upper convex end cap 4. The upper limit hole 46 is used to facilitate the transmission of air. The inlet pipe 64 is detached from the upper convex end cap 4 and the fixing cap 8; the diameter of the upper convex end cap 4 corresponds to the inner diameter of the annular groove 11; the bolt 5 is installed in the corresponding upper connecting hole 44; the heat exchange structure 6 is installed in the corresponding upper heat exchange hole 43; the cooling fan 7 is coaxial with the upper circular cavity 41, and the air outlet of the cooling fan 7 is connected to the upper circular cavity 41; the upper convex end cap 4 is provided so that external air can enter the hydrogen fuel cell stack through the upper circular cavity 41, the air inlet 42 and the upper heat exchange hole 43 to exchange heat with the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and at the same time, the heat in the hydrogen fuel cell stack can be discharged through the upper circular cavity 41, the air inlet 42 and the upper heat exchange hole 43.

[0037] Specifically, the heat exchange structure 6 includes a main inlet annular pipe 61, an input pipe 64, and a main outlet annular pipe 65. Several branch pipes 62 are evenly and fixedly installed on one side of the main inlet annular pipe 61, and a connecting pipe seat 63 is fixedly installed on one side of the main inlet annular pipe 61. The connecting pipe seat 63 is fixedly connected to one end of the input pipe 64, so that the input pipe 64 can be connected to the outlet of the coolant circulation system, allowing coolant to enter the main inlet annular pipe 61 and then flow from the main inlet annular pipe 61 into each branch pipe 62, thereby achieving uniform heat exchange with the hydrogen fuel cell stack. Several branch pipe heads 66 are evenly and fixedly installed on one side of the main outlet annular pipe 65, so that the cooled liquid after heat exchange can enter the main outlet annular pipe 65 in a concentrated manner. An output pipe 67 is fixedly installed on the other side of the main outlet annular pipe 65, so that the output pipe 67 can be connected to the inlet of the coolant circulation system, allowing the cooled liquid that has absorbed heat to flow out of the main outlet annular pipe. The fluid flows back into the coolant circulation system through pipe 65, and after cooling, it continues to circulate. The branch pipe head 66 is fixedly and sealed to one end of the corresponding branch pipe 62. Several fixing ears 68 are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the circumference of the main outlet annular pipe 65. The main inlet annular pipe 61, branch pipe 62, connecting pipe seat 63, input pipe 64, main outlet annular pipe 65, branch pipe head 66 and output pipe 67 are connected. The fixing ears 68 are fixedly connected to the corresponding bolt posts 45. The main inlet annular pipe 61 is located outside the three large end faces of the lower convex end cap to facilitate disassembly and assembly with the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The main outlet annular pipe 65 is located outside the four large end faces of the upper convex end cap to facilitate disassembly and assembly with the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The branch pipe 62 is located in the corresponding ventilation hole 21, lower heat exchange hole 34 and upper heat exchange hole 43. The input pipe 64 is located in the upper limit hole 46, and the other port of the input pipe 64 and the output pipe 67 both extend out from the fixing cover 8.

[0038] Specifically, two limiting holes 82 are evenly distributed throughout the surface of the fixed cover 8; the other port of the input pipe 64 and the output pipe 67 extends from the corresponding limiting hole 82 so that the input pipe 64 and the output pipe 67 can be connected to the coolant circulation system in the UAV.

[0039] In this embodiment, when installing the hydrogen fuel cell structure for drones, the required number of hydrogen fuel cell structures for drones can be installed on the drone according to the drone's power requirements.

[0040] When operating in a low-temperature environment, the countersunk plug 9 of the air outlet is inserted and removed into the corresponding countersunk air outlet 13, and the countersunk plug 10 of the air inlet is inserted and removed into the countersunk air inlet 81. At this time, the circular electric heating tank 1 has a certain degree of sealing, thereby reducing the heat loss of the hydrogen fuel cell stack itself; at the same time, the circular electric heating tank 1 can heat the hydrogen fuel cell stack, so that the hydrogen fuel cell stack operates within the required temperature range, thereby preventing the water generated during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack from freezing.

[0041] It should be noted that when operating in low-temperature environments, the heat exchange structure 6 or the cooling fan 7 can be installed, or neither the heat exchange structure 6 nor the cooling fan 7 can be installed. This will reduce the overall weight and improve the overall battery life.

[0042] When neither the heat exchange structure 6 nor the cooling fan 7 is selected, during operation, when heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is required, the countersunk plug 9 of the air outlet is removed from the corresponding countersunk air outlet 13, and the countersunk plug 10 of the air inlet is removed from the countersunk air inlet 81. At this time, external air can enter the circular electric heating tank 1, allowing air circulation within the circular electric heating tank 1. Thus, during the drone's flight, some air can automatically enter the circular electric heating tank 1 through the countersunk air inlet 81 or the countersunk air outlet 13, and then automatically exit the circular electric heating tank 1 through the countersunk air inlet 81 or the countersunk air outlet 13, thereby carrying away the heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack. Although this can reduce the overall weight and improve the overall range, the heat dissipation effect is uncontrollable.

[0043] When the cooling fan 7 is installed separately to cool the hydrogen fuel cell stack, the cooling fan 7, together with the airflow generated during the drone's flight, can cool the hydrogen fuel cell stack, improving the cooling effect. Although this can reduce the overall weight, the cooling effect is limited in high-temperature environments.

[0044] When the heat exchange structure 6 is installed separately to dissipate heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack, it needs to be used in conjunction with a corresponding coolant circulation system. In this way, during the operation of the UAV, it can not only dissipate heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack through the airflow generated during flight, but also exchange heat with the hydrogen fuel cell stack in conjunction with the heat exchange structure 6, so as to operate at a higher temperature, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell stack can operate within a suitable temperature range.

[0045] When efficient heat dissipation is required, heat exchange structure 6 and cooling fan 7 can be installed simultaneously. In this way, during the operation of the UAV, not only can the airflow generated during flight dissipate heat on the hydrogen fuel cell stack, but the cooling fan 7 and heat exchange structure 6 can also dissipate heat on the hydrogen fuel cell stack, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency and ensuring that the UAV can operate stably for a long time at high temperatures.

[0046] In the above implementation list, the selection needs to be made according to the specific circumstances during actual use.

[0047] All components used in this application are standard parts, and the specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as threads, bolts, and nesting that are mature in the prior art. All structures use conventional materials in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] In summary, this hydrogen fuel cell structure for drones, through its overall design, allows the side cover to be supported and positioned by the support frame during the assembly process. This means that the side cover can be stably engaged with the support frame before bolts are used, making the assembly process more convenient and flexible. As a result, only one operator is needed to assemble the side cover, reducing manpower and improving assembly efficiency.

[0049] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell structure for use in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that: Including those used for installing hydrogen fuel cell stacks A circular electric heating tank (1) is provided, wherein: a hydrogen fuel cell stack is fixedly installed in the circular electric heating tank (1) by a fixed cover (8), a heat exchange structure (6) is detachably fixedly installed in the hydrogen fuel cell stack, a cooling fan (7) is fixedly installed at one end of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, a number of countersunk air outlets (13) are evenly distributed and penetrated at the bottom of the circular electric heating tank (1), the countersunk air outlets (13) are provided with detachable countersunk plugs (9), a countersunk air inlet (81) is penetrated on the surface of the fixed cover (8), the countersunk air inlet (81) is provided with detachable countersunk plugs (10), the countersunk air inlet (81) is connected to the countersunk air outlet (13); the cooling fan (7) is located in the countersunk air inlet (81); The hydrogen fuel cell stack includes a single hydrogen cell (2), a lower convex end cap (3), and an upper convex end cap (4), and a plurality of single hydrogen cells (2) are evenly distributed and stacked between the lower convex end cap (3) and the upper convex end cap (4). The single hydrogen cell (2) is fixedly connected to the lower convex end cap (3) and the upper convex end cap (4) by bolts (5); the cooling fan (7) is fixedly installed on the large end face of the upper convex end cap (4). The single hydrogen cell (2) is circular in shape, and the end face of the single hydrogen cell (2) is evenly distributed with a number of ventilation holes (21) and a number of connection holes (23) in a ring array. The circumferential surface of the single hydrogen cell (2) is evenly distributed with a number of grooves (22). The connection holes (23) are located outside the ventilation holes (21). One of the single hydrogen cells (2) is evenly fixedly installed with a hydrogen inlet pipe (24), an oxygen inlet pipe (25), a hydrogen return pipe (26), a drain pipe (27), and a power plug (28) on the outer side. The ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe (24), oxygen inlet pipe (25), hydrogen return pipe (26), drain pipe (27), and power plug (28) all protrude from the lower convex end cap (3). The bolts (5) are installed in the corresponding connection holes (23). The heat exchange structure (6) is installed in the corresponding ventilation holes (21).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circular electric heating tank (1) has an annular groove (11) inside its opening, and two mounting notches (12) are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the circular electric heating tank (1); a guide rail (17) is fixedly installed inside the circular electric heating tank (1); the lower convex end cap (3) and the upper convex end cap (4) are slidably engaged with the guide rail (17), and the upper convex end cap (4) is installed in the annular groove (11).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the circular electric heating tank (1) is provided with four circular holes (14) and one square hole (15), and the temperature controller (16) of the circular electric heating tank (1) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the outside of the circular electric heating tank (1); the ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe (24), oxygen inlet pipe (25), hydrogen return pipe (26) and drain pipe (27) are all located in the corresponding circular holes (14); the port of the power plug (28) is located in the corresponding square hole (15).

4. The hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The large end face of the lower convex end cap (3) is provided with a lower circular cavity (31), and a number of air outlet holes (32) are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the protruding part of the lower convex end cap (3), which are connected to the lower circular cavity (31); the large end face of the lower convex end cap (3) is provided with a lower positioning notch (33), and a number of lower heat exchange holes (34) and a number of lower connecting holes (35) are provided in a ring array on the large end face of the lower convex end cap (3); the lower heat exchange holes (34) are connected to the corresponding ventilation holes (21); the lower connecting holes (35) are connected to the corresponding connecting holes (23); a lower hole (36) and four lower limits are evenly distributed on the small end face of the lower convex end cap (3). The lower hole (37) and the lower limit hole (36) are connected to the lower circular cavity (31); the ports of the hydrogen inlet pipe (24), oxygen inlet pipe (25), hydrogen return pipe (26) and drain pipe (27) extend from the corresponding lower limit hole (37); the port of the power plug (28) extends from the lower hole (36); the lower convex end cap (3) is slidably engaged with the guide rail (17) through the lower positioning notch (33); the bolt (5) is installed in the corresponding lower connecting hole (35); the heat exchange structure (6) is installed in the corresponding lower heat exchange hole (34); the lower limit hole (37) is connected to the corresponding circular hole (14); the lower hole (36) is connected to the square hole (15).

5. The hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The upper convex end cap (4) has an upper circular cavity (41) on its large end face, and several air inlets (42) are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the protruding part of the upper convex end cap (4), which communicate with the upper circular cavity (41); the end face of the upper convex end cap (4) has several upper heat exchange holes (43) and several upper connecting holes (44) arranged in a ring array, and several bolt posts (45) are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the large end face of the upper convex end cap (4); The upper heat exchange hole (43) is connected to the corresponding ventilation hole (21); the upper connecting hole (44) is connected to the corresponding connecting hole (23); the upper convex end cap (4) has an upper limit hole (46) on its circumference; the bolt (5) is installed in the corresponding upper connecting hole (44); the heat exchange structure (6) is installed in the corresponding upper heat exchange hole (43); the air outlet of the cooling fan (7) is connected to the upper circular cavity (41).

6. The hydrogen fuel cell structure for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The heat exchange structure (6) includes a main inlet annular pipe (61), an input pipe (64), and a main outlet annular pipe (65). A plurality of branch pipes (62) are evenly and fixedly installed on one side of the main inlet annular pipe (61), and a connecting pipe seat (63) is fixedly installed on one side of the main inlet annular pipe (61). The connecting pipe seat (63) is fixedly connected to one end of the input pipe (64). A plurality of branch pipe heads (66) are evenly and fixedly installed on one side of the main outlet annular pipe (65), and an output pipe (67) is fixedly installed on the other side of the main outlet annular pipe (65). The branch pipe head (66) is plugged into and sealed to one end of the corresponding branch pipe (62). A plurality of fixing ears (68) are evenly and fixedly installed on the circumference of the main outlet annular pipe (65). The main inlet annular pipe (61), the branch pipe (62), the connecting pipe seat (63), the input pipe (64), the main outlet annular pipe (65), the branch pipe head (66), and the output pipe (67) are connected; the fixed ear (68) is fixedly connected to the corresponding bolt post (45); the main inlet annular pipe (61) is located outside the large end face of the lower convex end cap (3); the main outlet annular pipe (65) is located outside the large end face of the upper convex end cap (4); the branch pipe (62) is located in the corresponding ventilation hole (21), the lower heat exchange hole (34), and the upper heat exchange hole (43); the input pipe (64) is located in the upper limit hole (46), and the other port of the input pipe (64) and the output pipe (67) both extend out from the fixed cover (8).

7. A hydrogen fuel cell structure for an unmanned aerial vehicle as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Two limiting holes (82) are evenly distributed through the surface of the fixed cover (8); the other port of the input pipe (64) and the output pipe (67) extends out from the corresponding limiting hole (82).

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