A fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system and method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and provides a fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system and method thereof, the system comprising: a humidity monitoring unit for real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of a membrane electrode; a gas supply device for adjusting the air pressure and / or flow rate entering the fuel cell; a cooling device for adjusting the temperature of cooling water entering the fuel cell; a controller for generating a gas adjustment instruction and a cooling water adjustment instruction according to the real-time air humidity value, controlling the gas supply device and the cooling device to operate so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance interval, and realizing the humidity dynamic balance of the membrane electrode. The present invention can realize the humidity dynamic balance of the membrane electrode, avoid the cumulative effect of excessive dryness or excessive wetness of the membrane electrode under different working conditions, increase the battery life, and reduce the maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system and method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In fuel cells, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), also known as the membrane electrode, is the key core component of fuel cell power generation. The membrane electrode and the bipolar plates on both sides constitute the basic unit of the fuel cell - the fuel cell cell.

[0003] The humidity level of the fuel cell membrane electrode is crucial to the performance of the proton exchange membrane. However, in the actual working conditions of the fuel cell, due to the different reaction rates and working environments, the humidity of the membrane electrode is prone to two extreme situations: 1. Over-drying phenomenon: Under idling or low-load conditions, the water generated by the reaction is insufficient, and the humidity accumulates and decreases, resulting in water loss in the membrane electrode and reduced proton conduction efficiency. 2. Over-humidification phenomenon: Under rapid acceleration or high-load conditions, the amount of water generated increases, and moisture accumulates in the gas diffusion layer or membrane electrode, hindering gas transmission and reducing battery performance.

[0004] The cumulative effect of the two extreme conditions of membrane electrode humidity will shorten the battery life and increase maintenance costs. Therefore, a system and method are needed to achieve dynamic control of fuel cell humidity to prevent the cumulative effect of excessive dryness or excessive humidity. Summary of the invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system and method thereof, which adjusts the air pressure and / or air flow and the temperature of cooling water entering the fuel cell by real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode, thereby adjusting the humidity of the membrane electrode to avoid the cumulative effect of excessive dryness or excessive wetness of the membrane electrode under different operating conditions, and achieve dynamic balance of humidity of the membrane electrode to solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0006] The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system comprises:

[0007] A humidity monitoring unit, used for real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell and feeding back to the controller;

[0008] A gas supply device, used to deliver air to the fuel cell and to adjust the pressure and / or flow of air entering the fuel cell in response to a gas adjustment instruction;

[0009] A cooling device, used to deliver cooling water to the fuel cell and to respond to a cooling water adjustment instruction to adjust the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell;

[0010] The controller is used to receive the real-time air humidity value, generate gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value, and control the operation of the gas supply device and the cooling device so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance interval, thereby achieving dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode.

[0011] The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system generates a gas adjustment instruction and a cooling water adjustment instruction by acquiring the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell, so that the gas supply device and the cooling device can respectively respond to the gas adjustment instruction and the cooling water adjustment instruction to perform corresponding actions, thereby adjusting the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode to match the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode with a preset air humidity balance range, thereby achieving the dynamic balance of humidity of the membrane electrode, avoiding the cumulative effect of excessive dryness or excessive humidity of the membrane electrode under different working conditions, increasing battery life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0012] Preferably, the controller is also used to identify the current operating condition of the target engine, and the specific method of generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions based on the real-time air humidity value is: generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions based on the accumulated time of the current operating condition, the real-time air humidity value and a preset air humidity balance interval.

[0013] Preferably, the controller comprises:

[0014] Dynamic humidity balance control model is used to control the humidity according to the formula Calculating the rate of change of air humidity of the membrane electrode;

[0015] in, represents the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode, , Indicates the standard air humidity adjustment time, Indicates the real-time air humidity value. Indicates the accumulated time of the current working condition. represents the time adjustment factor, is the initial air humidity value, The rate of change of air humidity. Indicates the target air humidity value, Represents a natural constant.

[0016] Preferably, the specific method for generating gas regulation instructions and cooling water regulation instructions based on the real-time air humidity value includes: judging the real-time humidity range of the membrane electrode according to the real-time air humidity value, obtaining the air pressure setting value and flow setting value entering the fuel cell and the temperature setting value of the cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity range, generating the gas regulation instructions according to the air pressure setting value and flow setting value, and generating the cooling water regulation instructions according to the temperature setting value.

[0017] Preferably, the controller comprises:

[0018] A prediction unit, used to obtain operation data and environmental parameters of a target object, and obtain a predicted operating condition of the target engine according to the operation data and the environmental parameters;

[0019] A preparatory instruction production unit, used for generating a preparatory instruction according to the predicted working condition when the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance;

[0020] Wherein, the gas supply device and the cooling device are also used to enter a preparatory state according to the preparatory instruction.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell, which comprises the following steps:

[0022] Real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell;

[0023] In response to a gas adjustment instruction, adjusting the pressure and / or flow of air entering the fuel cell;

[0024] In response to a cooling water adjustment instruction, adjusting the temperature of cooling water entering the fuel cell;

[0025] Gas regulation instructions and cooling water regulation instructions are generated according to the real-time air humidity value, and the air pressure and / or flow rate entering the fuel cell and the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell are adjusted so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance range, thereby achieving dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode.

[0026] Preferably, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps:

[0027] Identify the current operating condition of the target engine;

[0028] Among them, the specific method of generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value is: generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the accumulated time of the current operating condition, the real-time air humidity value and the preset air humidity balance interval.

[0029] Preferably, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps:

[0030] According to the formula Calculating the rate of change of air humidity of the membrane electrode;

[0031] in, represents the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode, , Indicates the standard air humidity adjustment time, Indicates the real-time air humidity value. Indicates the accumulated time of the current working condition. represents the time adjustment factor, is the initial air humidity value, The rate of change of air humidity. Indicates the target air humidity value, Represents a natural constant.

[0032] Preferably, the specific method of generating the gas adjustment instruction and the cooling water adjustment instruction according to the real-time air humidity value comprises the following steps:

[0033] Determining the real-time humidity range of the membrane electrode according to the real-time air humidity value;

[0034] Acquire a pressure setting value and a flow setting value of air entering the fuel cell and a temperature setting value of cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity interval;

[0035] generating the gas regulation instruction according to the air pressure setting value and the flow setting value;

[0036] The cooling water adjustment instruction is generated according to the temperature setting value.

[0037] Preferably, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps:

[0038] Obtain the target object's operation data and environmental parameters;

[0039] Acquire a predicted operating condition of the target engine according to the operating data and the environmental parameters;

[0040] When the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance, generating a preparatory instruction according to the predicted operating condition;

[0041] According to the preparation instruction, the gas supply device and the cooling device are controlled to enter a preparation state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The present invention can be further understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale, but the emphasis is placed on illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In different views, the same reference numerals designate corresponding parts.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of humidity ranges in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of control parameters of a fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of a specific method for generating a gas regulation instruction and a cooling water regulation instruction in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of a method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell in another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with its embodiments. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0052] The “first” and “second” mentioned in the present invention do not represent specific quantities and orders, but are merely used to distinguish names.

[0053] A fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system in one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a humidity monitoring unit, a gas supply device, a cooling device and a controller

[0054] The humidity monitoring unit is preferably a humidity sensor, which is installed around the membrane electrode of the fuel cell and is used to monitor the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell in real time and feed it back to the controller.

[0055] The gas supply device is used to deliver air to the fuel cell and respond to gas regulation instructions to regulate the pressure and / or flow of air entering the fuel cell and regulate the moisture content of the air entering the fuel cell.

[0056] The gas supply device includes an air compressor, an air outflow regulating valve, an air inflow regulating valve and an air filter. The air filter is installed at the air inlet of the air compressor to filter the air to prevent impurities in the air from entering the interior of the fuel cell through the air compressor.

[0057] The controller is a central controller, which is electrically connected to the air outflow regulating valve and the air inflow regulating valve, and is used to adjust the opening of the air outflow regulating valve and the air inflow regulating valve. The air outlet of the air compressor is connected to the air inlet of the air inflow regulating valve, and an intercooler is installed between the air outlet of the air compressor and the air inlet of the air inflow regulating valve to cool and adjust the temperature of the air entering the fuel cell. The controller adjusts the pressure and flow of the air entering the fuel cell by controlling the output power of the air compressor and the opening of the air inflow regulating valve.

[0058] The cooling device is used to deliver cooling water to the fuel cell and respond to cooling water adjustment instructions to adjust the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell. By changing the temperature of the cooling water, it regulates the evaporation and discharge of water to prevent the membrane electrode from being too wet or too dry. Specifically, the cooling device includes a temperature control module that monitors the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell. The temperature control module is electrically connected to the controller and is used to adjust the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the cooling water adjustment instruction.

[0059] The controller is used to receive the real-time air humidity value, generate gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value, and control the operation of the gas supply device and the cooling device so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance range, thereby achieving dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, for the membrane electrode, based on the real-time air humidity value, the humidity interval can be divided into five humidity intervals: extremely dry, overdry, balanced, overhumid and extremely wet.

[0061] Too dry: The humidity level is very low, the membrane electrode is seriously lacking in moisture, the proton conduction efficiency is significantly reduced, and the membrane may even be damaged. At this time, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system should increase the air humidity significantly through gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions, and reduce the cooling water temperature to reduce water evaporation.

[0062] Too dry: When the humidity is slightly lower than the set range, the moisture content of the membrane electrode begins to decrease, and the performance decreases. The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system adjusts the air flow and cooling water temperature appropriately through gas regulation instructions and cooling water regulation instructions to increase the humidity and prevent the humidity from continuing to decrease.

[0063] Balance: Humidity is in the optimal range, the membrane electrode operates in an ideal state, and the proton conduction efficiency is high. At this time, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system keeps the air flow and cooling water temperature stable without additional adjustments.

[0064] Overhumidity: When the humidity is higher than the set range, the moisture accumulation around the membrane electrode begins to affect the gas transmission efficiency and the battery performance decreases. The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system needs to increase the air flow and reduce the intake pressure through gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions to remove excess moisture.

[0065] Extreme humidity: Humidity is too high, and water accumulates around the membrane electrode, which may cause airway obstruction and a significant drop in battery performance. At this time, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system needs to increase the air flow and cooling water temperature through gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions to accelerate water discharge and prevent humidity from continuing to rise.

[0066] The specific control strategies are as follows:

[0067] Extremely dry / overdry: When the humidity sensor detects that the air humidity around the membrane electrode is in the extremely dry or overdry range, the system should prioritize retaining more moisture by increasing the intake pressure and reducing the air flow, and appropriately lower the cooling water temperature to reduce moisture evaporation.

[0068] Balance range: When the humidity is within the balance range, the system does not make any adjustments and maintains the current state.

[0069] Over-humidity / extreme humidity: When the humidity is in the over-humidity or extreme humidity range, the system should remove excess moisture by increasing air flow and reducing intake pressure, while increasing the cooling water temperature to accelerate moisture evaporation and prevent further water accumulation.

[0070] That is to say, based on the above control strategy, the controller generates gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value, controls the operation of the gas supply device and the cooling device, so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance range, thereby achieving dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode.

[0071] To summarize, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system obtains the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell, generates gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions, so that the gas supply device and the cooling device can respectively respond to the gas adjustment instructions and the cooling water adjustment instructions to perform corresponding actions, thereby adjusting the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode to match the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode with the preset air humidity balance range, thereby achieving the dynamic balance of humidity of the membrane electrode, avoiding the cumulative effect of excessive dryness or excessive humidity of the membrane electrode under different working conditions, increasing battery life, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0072] Preferably, the controller is also used to identify the current operating condition of the target engine, and the specific method of generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions based on the real-time air humidity value is: generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions based on the accumulated time of the current operating condition, the real-time air humidity value and a preset air humidity balance interval.

[0073] The current operating conditions of the target engine include idling and rapid acceleration. The extremely dry and extremely wet humidity intervals include the idling and rapid acceleration conditions, respectively. The preset air humidity balance interval refers to the relative humidity interval of the air around the membrane electrode. The purpose of the controller generating the gas adjustment instruction and the cooling water adjustment instruction is to control the operation of the gas supply device and the cooling device so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode is in the preset air humidity balance interval, thereby achieving the dynamic balance of humidity of the membrane electrode.

[0074] According to the accumulated time of the current working condition, the controller determines whether the real-time air humidity value is in the preset air humidity balance range. If so, the system will continue to operate stably; if the real-time air humidity value deviates from the preset air humidity balance range, the system will first adjust the air flow rate to make corrections, and then adjust the cooling water temperature according to demand. The whole process is continuously adjusted through the feedback loop to ensure that the real-time air humidity value remains within the optimal range, thereby ensuring the efficient operation and stability of the fuel cell.

[0075] One of the purposes of obtaining the accumulated time of the current operating condition is to judge the duration of the current operating condition based on the accumulated time. When the real-time air humidity value deviates from the preset air humidity balance interval, the flow rate and / or pressure of the air entering the fuel cell and the rate of change can be adjusted accordingly according to the length of the accumulated time of the current operating condition, and whether to adjust the temperature value and temperature change rate of the cooling water can be determined according to demand to ensure that the fuel cell maintains optimal humidity under different load conditions and avoid the membrane electrode from being too dry or too wet, so as to effectively extend the service life of the fuel cell and improve the operating efficiency.

[0076] Preferably, the controller comprises a dynamic humidity balance control model.

[0077] The dynamic humidity balance control model is used according to the formula The rate of change of air humidity of the membrane electrode is calculated.

[0078] in, is the initial air humidity value, The rate of change of air humidity. Indicates the target air humidity value, Indicates the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode.

[0079] Specifically, the target air humidity value should be within a preset air humidity balance interval. A value may be selected from the preset air humidity balance interval. Preferably, the median value of the preset air humidity balance interval is used as the target air humidity value.

[0080] The preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode is based on the formula Calculated. Among them, Indicates the standard air humidity adjustment time, which can be set by technicians. Indicates the real-time air humidity value. Indicates the accumulated time of the current working condition. Indicates the time adjustment factor, which can be set by technicians. Represents a natural constant.

[0081] According to the formula It can be seen that when the real-time air humidity value deviates from the target air humidity value, based on the standard air humidity adjustment time, the greater the deviation of the real-time air humidity value from the target air humidity value and the longer the accumulated time of the current working condition, the smaller the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode and the greater the corresponding air humidity change rate. That is, the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode is inversely proportional to the deviation of the real-time air humidity value from the target air humidity value and the accumulated time of the current working condition.

[0082] That is to say, when the real-time air humidity value deviates from the preset air humidity balance interval, the flow rate and / or pressure of the air entering the fuel cell and the rate of change can be adjusted accordingly according to the length of the accumulated time of the current operating conditions and the degree of deviation of the real-time air humidity value from the target air humidity value, and whether to adjust the temperature value and temperature change rate of the cooling water can be determined according to demand. This can effectively prevent the fuel cell from being too dry or too wet under idle and rapid acceleration conditions, improve the activation performance and service life of the fuel cell, and maintain a higher voltage output and a longer service life under different humidity conditions. Compared with traditional fuel cell humidity management systems, its performance can be significantly improved.

[0083] Preferably, the specific method for generating gas regulation instructions and cooling water regulation instructions based on the real-time air humidity value includes: judging the real-time humidity range of the membrane electrode according to the real-time air humidity value, obtaining the air pressure setting value and flow setting value entering the fuel cell and the temperature setting value of the cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity range, generating the gas regulation instructions according to the air pressure setting value and flow setting value, and generating the cooling water regulation instructions according to the temperature setting value.

[0084] Specifically, the controller obtains the air pressure setting value and flow setting value entering the fuel cell and the temperature setting value of the cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity interval, generates corresponding gas regulation instructions and cooling water regulation instructions, and takes different control measures, as shown in the following table:

[0085]

[0086] like Figure 1 as well as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the fuel cell dynamic humidity control system monitors the real-time air humidity values ​​of the intake and exhaust in real time through the humidity sensor, and feeds the data back to the controller. According to the signal fed back by the humidity sensor, the controller dynamically adjusts the air flow output by the air compressor and the opening of the air inlet and outlet regulating valves to control the amount of air entering the fuel cell and ensure that the membrane electrode is in the optimal humidity range. When the system detects that the humidity is too low, it reduces the air flow to retain more moisture; when the humidity is too high, it increases the air flow to accelerate the discharge of moisture. At the same time, the controller controls the temperature inside the fuel cell by adjusting the temperature of the cooling water, indirectly affecting the humidity level and preventing the occurrence of over-humidity or over-dryness. The entire system ensures that the fuel cell operates under optimal working conditions by dynamically adjusting the humidity and temperature, improving efficiency and extending its service life.

[0087] Preferably, the controller comprises a prediction unit and a preparatory instruction generation unit.

[0088] The prediction unit is used for the operation data and environmental parameters of the target object, and obtains the predicted operating condition of the target engine according to the operation data and the environmental parameters.

[0089] The environmental parameters are preferably road condition information, such as congestion, smooth traffic, distance to traffic light intersections, and traffic light information at intersections, etc. Specifically, the road condition information includes real-time road condition information and historical road condition information. The road condition information can be obtained through navigation software such as Baidu, Google, and Amap.

[0090] The target object refers to the driver of the vehicle corresponding to the fuel cell, and the operation data can be understood as the historical operation data of the target object under different road conditions, such as idling, sudden acceleration, and normal acceleration and deceleration.

[0091] The specific method for obtaining the predicted operating condition of the target engine based on the operating data and the environmental parameters may include: first constructing a neural network model, training the neural network model using the historical operating data and historical environmental parameters of the target object, and obtaining a trained neural network model that can obtain operating data by identifying environmental parameters (i.e., road condition information), and then obtaining the predicted road condition for the next preset time period based on real-time road condition information and historical road condition information, and finally using the trained neural network model to identify the predicted road condition to obtain the predicted operating condition of the target engine for the next preset time period.

[0092] The preparatory instruction production unit is used to generate a preparatory instruction according to the predicted operating condition when the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance.

[0093] Wherein, the gas supply device and the cooling device are also used to enter a preparatory state according to the preparatory instruction.

[0094] The preparation state includes a standby state. For the gas supply device, the preparation state may be the standby state of the air compressor, which remains ready in a non-working state so as to be started at any time. The air compressor in the standby state will not perform compression work, but will maintain basic electrical connections and partial system operation to keep the device in a state where it can be started immediately. For the cooling device, the preparation state may be the standby state of the cooling water delivery pump, which is in a low-speed and low-power state so as to enter a normal working state at any time.

[0095] When the predicted operating condition is idling or rapid acceleration, and the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance, a preparatory instruction is generated according to the predicted operating condition, and the gas supply device and the cooling device respond to the preparatory instruction and enter a preparatory state.

[0096] By predicting the operating condition of the target engine and when the membrane electrode is in dynamic humidity balance, a preparatory instruction is generated according to the predicted operating condition, so that the gas supply device and the cooling device enter a preparatory state, the response speed of the system can be improved to achieve the dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode more quickly, further ensuring that the fuel cell maintains optimal humidity under different load conditions, avoiding the membrane electrode from being too dry or too wet, effectively extending the service life of the fuel cell, and improving operating efficiency.

[0097] The present invention also provides a method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell. Figure 4 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0098] S1, real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell.

[0099] S2, in response to the gas adjustment instruction, adjusting the air pressure and / or flow rate entering the fuel cell.

[0100] S3, responding to a cooling water adjustment instruction, adjusting the temperature of cooling water entering the fuel cell.

[0101] S4, generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value, adjusting the air pressure and / or flow entering the fuel cell and the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell, so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance range, thereby achieving dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode.

[0102] Preferably, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following step: S5, identifying the current operating condition of the target engine.

[0103] Among them, in step S4, the specific method of generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value is: generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the accumulated time of the current operating conditions, the real-time air humidity value and the preset air humidity balance interval.

[0104] Preferably, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps:

[0105] According to the formula Calculating the rate of change of air humidity of the membrane electrode;

[0106] in, represents the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode, , Indicates the standard air humidity adjustment time, Indicates the real-time air humidity value. Indicates the accumulated time of the current working condition. represents the time adjustment factor, is the initial air humidity value, The rate of change of air humidity. Indicates the target air humidity value, Represents a natural constant.

[0107] According to the formula It can be seen that when the real-time air humidity value deviates from the target air humidity value, based on the standard air humidity adjustment time, the greater the deviation of the real-time air humidity value from the target air humidity value and the longer the accumulated time of the current working condition, the smaller the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode and the greater the corresponding air humidity change rate. That is, the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode is inversely proportional to the deviation of the real-time air humidity value from the target air humidity value and the accumulated time of the current working condition.

[0108] That is to say, when the real-time air humidity value deviates from the preset air humidity balance interval, the flow rate and / or pressure of the air entering the fuel cell and the rate of change can be adjusted accordingly according to the length of the accumulated time of the current operating conditions and the degree of deviation of the real-time air humidity value from the target air humidity value, and whether to adjust the temperature value and temperature change rate of the cooling water can be determined according to demand. This can effectively prevent the fuel cell from being too dry or too wet under idle and rapid acceleration conditions, improve the activation performance and service life of the fuel cell, and maintain a higher voltage output and a longer service life under different humidity conditions. Compared with traditional fuel cell humidity management systems, its performance can be significantly improved.

[0109] The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method obtains the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell, generates a gas adjustment instruction and a cooling water adjustment instruction, so that the gas supply device and the cooling device can respectively respond to the gas adjustment instruction and the cooling water adjustment instruction to perform corresponding actions, thereby adjusting the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode, so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance interval, and can achieve the dynamic balance of the humidity of the membrane electrode, avoid the cumulative effect of excessive dryness or excessive humidity of the membrane electrode under different working conditions, increase the battery life, and reduce maintenance costs

[0110] As a preferred technical solution, in step S4, Figure 5 As shown, the specific method of generating the gas adjustment instruction and the cooling water adjustment instruction according to the real-time air humidity value includes the following steps:

[0111] S40, determining the real-time humidity range of the membrane electrode according to the real-time air humidity value.

[0112] S41, acquiring a pressure setting value and a flow setting value of air entering the fuel cell and a temperature setting value of cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity interval.

[0113] S42, generating the gas adjustment instruction according to the air pressure setting value and the flow setting value.

[0114] S43, generating the cooling water adjustment instruction according to the temperature setting value.

[0115] Preferably, if Figure 6 As shown, the fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method also includes the following steps:

[0116] S5, obtaining the operation data and environmental parameters of the target object.

[0117] S6, obtaining a predicted operating condition of the target engine according to the operating data and the environmental parameters.

[0118] S7, when the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance, generating a preparatory instruction according to the predicted operating condition.

[0119] S8, controlling the gas supply device and the cooling device to enter a preparatory state according to the preparatory instruction.

[0120] The environmental parameter is preferably traffic information, such as congestion, smooth traffic, entering a traffic light waiting area, leaving a traffic light waiting area, etc. Specifically, the traffic information includes real-time traffic information and historical traffic information. The traffic information can be obtained through navigation software such as Baidu, Google, and Amap.

[0121] The target object refers to the driver of the vehicle corresponding to the fuel cell, and the operation data can be understood as the historical operation data of the target object under different road conditions, such as idling, sudden acceleration, and normal acceleration and deceleration. Therefore, the operation data of the target object is bound to the environmental parameters to facilitate the judgment of the next specific operation of the target object according to the environmental parameters, that is, based on the environmental parameters of the next preset time period to be appeared, the next operation of the target object is obtained, and then the working state of the fuel cell to be entered is judged.

[0122] Preferably, the specific method for obtaining the predicted operating condition of the target engine based on the operating data and the environmental parameters includes: first constructing a neural network model, training the neural network model using the historical operating data and historical environmental parameters of the target object, and obtaining a trained neural network model that can obtain operating data by identifying environmental parameters (i.e., road condition information), and then obtaining the predicted road condition for the next preset time period based on the real-time road condition information and historical road condition information, and finally using the trained neural network model to identify the predicted road condition to obtain the predicted operating condition of the target engine for the next preset time period.

[0123] Based on real-time traffic information and historical traffic information, the specific method for obtaining the predicted traffic conditions for the next preset time period is to first build a traffic prediction model, then use the historical traffic information to train the traffic prediction model, and finally use the trained traffic prediction model to identify the real-time traffic conditions to obtain the predicted traffic conditions for the next preset time period.

[0124] Of course, it is also possible to first obtain the operating condition probabilities of the target object under different road condition information through the historical operation data of the target object under different road condition information, and then based on the environmental parameters of the next preset time period that is about to appear, or based on the predicted road conditions of the next preset time period that is about to appear, obtain the operating condition probability corresponding to the predicted road condition, and use the operating condition corresponding to the maximum operating condition probability as the predicted operating condition to determine the operating condition state that the fuel cell is about to enter.

[0125] Among them, the working conditions are divided into idling, rapid acceleration and normal acceleration and deceleration. The probability of idling under a certain road condition information = the number of idling under a certain road condition information / the total number of historical operations under a certain working condition, and the probability of rapid acceleration under a certain road condition information = the number of rapid acceleration under a certain road condition information / the total number of historical operations under a certain working condition. The total number of historical operations under a certain working condition is obtained by summing the number of idling, the number of rapid acceleration, and the number of normal acceleration and deceleration. The definition of rapid acceleration can be determined by the acceleration within a preset time, and the idle speed can be determined by the engine speed. In this way, by obtaining the probability of idling and the probability of rapid acceleration, the working condition probability corresponding to the predicted road condition is obtained, and the working condition corresponding to the maximum working condition probability is used as the predicted working condition to judge the working condition state that the fuel cell is about to enter. Combined with the operating habits of the target object under different road condition information, it can better ensure that the fuel cell maintains the optimal humidity under different load conditions, avoid the membrane electrode from being too dry or too wet, effectively extend the service life of the fuel cell, and improve the operating efficiency.

[0126] The working condition corresponding to the maximum working condition probability is used as the predicted working condition. Before judging the working condition state that the fuel cell is about to enter, first judge whether the maximum working condition probability is greater than the preset working condition probability threshold. If so, the working condition corresponding to the maximum working condition probability is used as the predicted working condition to judge the working condition state that the fuel cell is about to enter. Different working conditions correspond to different preset working condition probability thresholds. Preferably, the preset working condition probability threshold .in, Indicates the total number of different target objects, Indicates the first The predicted operating condition probability of the target object, It represents the preset working condition probability threshold adjustment coefficient, which can be set by the technicians and is generally set to 1.1 or 1.2. To obtain the preset operating condition probability threshold, the predicted operating condition probability under a certain operating condition of multiple different target objects is combined, and assisted by the preset operating condition probability threshold adjustment coefficient, the predicted operating condition under a certain operating condition of different target objects can be taken into account, and the preset operating condition probability threshold can be comprehensively measured. When the maximum operating condition probability is greater than the preset operating condition probability threshold, the operating condition corresponding to the maximum operating condition probability is used as the predicted operating condition, which can improve the accuracy of the predicted operating condition.

[0127] The preparation state includes a standby state. For the gas supply device, the preparation state may be the standby state of the air compressor, which remains ready in a non-working state so as to be started at any time. The air compressor in the standby state will not perform compression work, but will maintain basic electrical connections and partial system operation to keep the device in a state where it can be started immediately. For the cooling device, the preparation state may be the standby state of the cooling water delivery pump, which is in a low-speed and low-power state so as to enter a normal working state at any time.

[0128] When the predicted operating condition is idling or rapid acceleration, and the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance, a preparatory instruction is generated according to the predicted operating condition, and the gas supply device and the cooling device respond to the preparatory instruction and enter a preparatory state.

[0129] By predicting the operating condition of the target engine and when the membrane electrode is in dynamic humidity balance, a preparatory instruction is generated according to the predicted operating condition, so that the gas supply device and the cooling device enter a preparatory state, the response speed of the system can be improved to achieve the dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode more quickly, further ensuring that the fuel cell maintains optimal humidity under different load conditions, avoiding the membrane electrode from being too dry or too wet, effectively extending the service life of the fuel cell, and improving operating efficiency.

[0130] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0131] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system, characterized in that: The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system comprises: A humidity monitoring unit, used for real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell and feeding back to the controller; A gas supply device, used to deliver air to the fuel cell and to adjust the pressure and / or flow of air entering the fuel cell in response to a gas adjustment instruction; A cooling device, used to deliver cooling water to the fuel cell and to respond to a cooling water adjustment instruction to adjust the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell; A controller, for receiving the real-time air humidity value, generating a gas adjustment instruction and a cooling water adjustment instruction according to the real-time air humidity value, and controlling the operation of the gas supply device and the cooling device, so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance interval, thereby achieving a dynamic humidity balance of the membrane electrode; The controller comprises: Dynamic humidity balance control model is used to control the humidity according to the formula Calculating the rate of change of air humidity of the membrane electrode; in, represents the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode, , Indicates the standard air humidity adjustment time, Indicates the real-time air humidity value. Indicates the accumulated time of the current working condition. represents the time adjustment factor, is the initial air humidity value, The rate of change of air humidity. Indicates the target air humidity value, Represents a natural constant.

2. A fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is also used to identify the current operating condition of the target engine. The specific method of generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions based on the real-time air humidity value is: generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions based on the accumulated time of the current operating condition, the real-time air humidity value and a preset air humidity balance interval.

3. A fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for generating gas regulation instructions and cooling water regulation instructions according to the real-time air humidity value includes: judging the real-time humidity range of the membrane electrode according to the real-time air humidity value, obtaining the air pressure setting value and flow setting value entering the fuel cell and the temperature setting value of the cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity range, generating the gas regulation instructions according to the air pressure setting value and flow setting value, and generating the cooling water regulation instructions according to the temperature setting value.

4. A fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The controller comprises: A prediction unit, used to obtain operation data and environmental parameters of a target object, and obtain a predicted operating condition of a target engine according to the operation data and the environmental parameters; A preparatory instruction production unit, used for generating a preparatory instruction according to the predicted working condition when the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance; Wherein, the gas supply device and the cooling device are also used to enter a preparatory state according to the preparatory instruction.

5. A method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell, characterized in that: The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method comprises the following steps: Real-time monitoring of the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell; In response to a gas adjustment instruction, adjusting the pressure and / or flow of air entering the fuel cell; In response to a cooling water adjustment instruction, adjusting the temperature of cooling water entering the fuel cell; Generate a gas adjustment instruction and a cooling water adjustment instruction according to the real-time air humidity value, adjust the air pressure and / or flow rate entering the fuel cell and the temperature of the cooling water entering the fuel cell, so that the real-time air humidity value of the membrane electrode matches the preset air humidity balance interval, and realize the dynamic balance of humidity of the membrane electrode; The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps: According to the formula Calculating the rate of change of air humidity of the membrane electrode; in, represents the preset air humidity adjustment time of the membrane electrode, , Indicates the standard air humidity adjustment time, Indicates the real-time air humidity value. Indicates the accumulated time of the current working condition. represents the time adjustment factor, is the initial air humidity value, The rate of change of air humidity, Indicates the target air humidity value, Represents a natural constant.

6. A method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps: Identify the current operating condition of the target engine; Among them, the specific method of generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the real-time air humidity value is: generating gas adjustment instructions and cooling water adjustment instructions according to the accumulated time of the current working condition, the real-time air humidity value and the preset air humidity balance interval.

7. A method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific method of generating the gas adjustment instruction and the cooling water adjustment instruction according to the real-time air humidity value comprises the following steps: Determining the real-time humidity range of the membrane electrode according to the real-time air humidity value; Acquire a pressure setting value and a flow setting value of air entering the fuel cell and a temperature setting value of cooling water entering the fuel cell according to the real-time humidity interval; generating the gas regulation instruction according to the air pressure setting value and the flow setting value; The cooling water adjustment instruction is generated according to the temperature setting value.

8. A method for controlling the dynamic balance of humidity in a fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuel cell humidity dynamic balance control method further comprises the following steps: Obtain the target object's operation data and environmental parameters; Acquire a predicted operating condition of a target engine according to the operating data and the environmental parameters; When the membrane electrode is in a dynamic humidity balance, generating a preparatory instruction according to the predicted operating condition; According to the preparation instruction, the gas supply device and the cooling device are controlled to enter a preparation state.

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