Application and method of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation, and specifically relates to the application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resistance to rice blast and a method thereof. The present invention provides the application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resistance to rice blast. The gluconic acid described in the present invention is a rice rhizosphere metabolite, which is safe and non-toxic to rice, and gluconic acid can also recruit microorganisms in the soil that are beneficial to rice, change the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby achieving the effect of promoting rice growth and / or resistance to rice blast. The results of the examples show that applying 0.06-0.2M gluconic acid solution 4-8 times during a specific growth period can significantly increase the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight of rice, and can resist rice blast and significantly reduce the area of ​​rice lesions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation, and particularly relates to application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rice is my country's largest staple food crop and one of the most actively promoted and supported crops with the largest cultivated area and yield, occupying a dominant position in my country's food supply. The healthy, stable, and sustainable development of the rice industry is crucial for ensuring my country's food security and the development of the rice processing industry. Rice blast, caused by the blast fungus, is a major rice disease, occurring to varying degrees in different rice-growing areas. In epidemic years, yield reductions typically reach 10% to 20%, with severe reductions reaching 40% to 50%. Currently, plant disease control relies primarily on chemical control, which can cause significant environmental pollution and lead to the development of drug resistance in pathogens. Existing technologies often promote rice growth through the application of fertilizers and microbial agents. However, inappropriate fertilizer application can lead to soil salinization, and microbial agents can lead to a homogenous microbiome in the rice rhizosphere, increasing the risk of pests and diseases.

[0003] Organic acids have been used as preservatives and antistaling agents in food for over a century, primarily to kill bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Listeria. However, there are relatively few reports on their use alone to promote rice growth and prevent rice blast. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an application and method of gluconic acid for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. The gluconic acid of the present invention can promote rice growth, resist rice blast, and reduce the area of ​​lesions.

[0005] The present invention provides application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast.

[0006] Preferably, the promoting rice growth includes increasing one or more of rice plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast, which comprises applying a gluconic acid solution during the rice growth period.

[0008] Preferably, the total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied is 8 to 17 L / mu; and the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06 to 0.2M.

[0009] Preferably, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06-0.12M; when the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.12-0.2M.

[0010] Preferably, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated based on the amount of gluconic acid substance.

[0011] Preferably, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 6 μmol / g soil, calculated as the amount of gluconic acid substance;

[0012] When the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 6 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated based on the amount of gluconic acid substance.

[0013] Preferably, the gluconic acid solution is administered 4 to 8 times.

[0014] Preferably, the interval between two administrations of the gluconic acid solution is 2 to 3 days.

[0015] Preferably, the application method includes irrigation and spraying.

[0016] The present invention provides the use of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. The gluconic acid of the present invention is a rice rhizosphere metabolite, which is safe and non-toxic to rice. It can promote nutrient absorption by affecting the solubility of nutrients in the soil. In addition, gluconic acid can also recruit microorganisms in the soil that are beneficial to rice, change the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, and thus achieve the effect of promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. The results of the embodiment show that applying 0.06-0.2M gluconic acid solution 4-8 times during a specific growth period can significantly increase the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight of rice, resist rice blast, and significantly reduce the area of ​​rice lesions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the effects of different treatments on rice plant height in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.01;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the effects of different treatments on rice leaf length in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.01;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the effects of different treatments on rice leaf width in Application Example 1, where * indicates p < 0.05;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the effects of different treatments on rice stem base width in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.01;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the effects of different treatments on rice fresh weight in Application Example 1, where * indicates p < 0.05 and ** indicates p < 0.01;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the effects of different treatments on rice dry weight in Application Example 1, where ** indicates p < 0.01;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram of rice growth status under different treatments in Application Example 1;

[0025] Figure 8 This is the data graph of rice blast lesion area under different treatments in Application Example 2, where ** indicates p < 0.01;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the rice blast lesion area under different treatments in Application Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides the use of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. In a specific embodiment, the molecular formula of the gluconic acid is C6H 12 O7, the structure is shown in Formula I:

[0028]

[0029] In the present invention, as an embodiment, the promotion of rice growth includes increasing one or more of rice plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, grain fresh weight and grain dry weight. As another embodiment, the promotion of rice growth can be increasing rice plant height, increasing leaf length, increasing leaf width, increasing tillering, increasing stem base width, increasing grain fresh weight or increasing grain dry weight. The gluconic acid described in the present invention is a rice rhizosphere metabolite, which is safe and non-toxic to rice and can promote nutrient absorption by affecting the solubility of nutrients in the soil. In addition, gluconic acid can also recruit microorganisms in the soil that are beneficial to rice and change the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby achieving the effect of promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast.

[0030] The present invention also provides a method for promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast, which comprises applying a gluconic acid solution during the rice growth period.

[0031] The present invention applies gluconic acid solution during the growth period of rice. As an embodiment, the application method includes irrigation and spraying. In a specific embodiment, the application method can be irrigation or spraying. The present invention adopts irrigation to apply gluconic acid solution. Gluconic acid can directly act on the soil, affect the solubility of nutrients in the soil, promote nutrient absorption, and promote the growth of rice; moreover, gluconic acid can recruit microorganisms beneficial to rice, shape probiotic groups in the rice rhizosphere, and act on the rice growth-promoting and stress-resistant process; and gluconic acid can change the physiological and biochemical processes of rice root microorganisms and the interaction network between microorganisms, affect the function of the microbiome, and thus affect the rice growth-promoting and disease-resistant process.

[0032] In the present invention, as an embodiment, the total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied is 8 to 17 L / mu; in a specific embodiment, the total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied can be 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, or 17 L / mu. As an embodiment, the number of applications of the gluconic acid solution of the present invention is 4 to 8 times; in a specific embodiment, the number of applications can be 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 times. As an embodiment, the interval between each application of the gluconic acid solution is 2 to 3 days. As an embodiment, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 2 to 3 L / mu.

[0033] In the present invention, as another embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06 to 0.2 M. In specific embodiments, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution can be 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, or 0.2 M. In the present invention, a gluconic acid solution of an appropriate concentration can regulate the microenvironment of the rice rhizosphere, lower the pH, affect the solubility of nutrients in the soil, and promote nutrient absorption; and a gluconic acid solution of an appropriate concentration can also maintain the ion balance of the rice plant. Repeated application of the gluconic acid solution in the present invention can prevent gluconic acid loss, improve utilization, reduce fluctuations in soil substance concentrations, and enhance the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06 to 0.12 M. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution may be 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.11 or 0.12 M. When the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.12 to 0.2 M. In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the gluconic acid solution may be 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19 or 0.2 M.

[0034] As another embodiment, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time in the present invention is 3 to 10 μmole / g of soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. In a specific embodiment, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 μmole / g of soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. In the present invention, applying an appropriate amount of gluconic acid can promote rice growth and / or resist rice blast. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth and resist rice blast, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 10 μmole / g of soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to promote rice growth, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 3 to 6 μmole / g of soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. In a specific embodiment, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time can be 3, 4, 5 or 6 μmole / g of soil, based on the amount of gluconic acid substance. As an embodiment, when the gluconic acid is used to resist rice blast, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time is 6 to 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance. In a specific embodiment, the amount of the gluconic acid solution applied each time can be 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10 μmoL / g soil, calculated on the amount of the gluconic acid substance.

[0035] To further illustrate the present invention, the application of gluconic acid in promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast and the method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the specific examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the soil was selected from the same plot.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A. Preparation of 0.06 M gluconic acid solution: Using sterile water as the solvent, 5.74 mL of gluconic acid (BR, 50%, v / v) was added to 300 mL of a 0.06 M gluconic acid solution. The gluconic acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 526-95-4.

[0039] B. Soil Selection: Select a field where rice blast has been prevalent for five years. Use the five-point sampling method to collect field soil. Air-dry the soil, sieve it, and mix it thoroughly. Distribute the resulting soil evenly into 9cm x 9cm x 10cm pots, adding 500g of soil to each pot.

[0040] C. Rice Treatment: Select CO-39 rice seeds with plump, uniform grains, wrap them in moistened gauze, and place them in a beaker filled with 10 cm of water at 37°C. Change the water daily, morning and evening. Once the rice seeds have broken and whitened, plant them in pots, two plants per pot, with four replicates. Add water to the tray at the bottom of the pots and replenish water regularly during the rice's development period according to agricultural requirements. The CO-39 rice seeds are an indica rice variety.

[0041] D. Rice Treatment: Three days after rice was planted in step C, root irrigation was performed with 0.06 M gluconic acid solution, applied every two days for six consecutive times. Each application involved applying 25 mL of 0.06 M gluconic acid solution to each pot (500 g of soil). The gluconic acid dosage was 3 μmol / g of soil. This treatment was designated GA3. Repeat the experiment twice.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A. Preparation of 0.12 M gluconic acid solution: Using sterile water as the solvent, 11.48 mL of gluconic acid (BR, 50%, v / v) was added to 300 mL of a 0.12 M gluconic acid solution. The gluconic acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 526-95-4.

[0044] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as step B, soil selection in Example 1.

[0045] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as step C, rice treatment in Example 1.

[0046] D. Rice Treatment: Three days after rice was planted in step C, root irrigation was performed with 0.12 M gluconic acid solution, applied every two days for six consecutive times. Each application involved applying 25 mL of 0.12 M gluconic acid solution to each pot (500 g of soil). The gluconic acid dosage was 6 μmol / g of soil. This treatment was designated GA6. The experiment was repeated twice.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A. Preparation of 0.2 M gluconic acid solution: Using sterile water as the solvent, 19.14 mL of gluconic acid (BR, 50%, v / v) was added to prepare 300 mL of a 0.2 M gluconic acid solution. The gluconic acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 526-95-4.

[0049] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as step B, soil selection in Example 1.

[0050] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as step C, rice treatment in Example 1.

[0051] D. Rice Treatment: Three days after rice was planted in step C, root irrigation was performed with 0.2 M gluconic acid solution, applied every two days for six consecutive times. Each application involved applying 25 mL of 0.2 M gluconic acid solution to each pot (500 g of soil). The gluconic acid dosage was 10 μmol / g of soil. This treatment was designated GA10. Repeat the experiment twice.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] A. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as step B, soil selection in Example 1.

[0054] B. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as step C, rice treatment in Example 1.

[0055] C. Rice Treatment: 3 days after rice was planted in step B, root irrigation was performed with sterile water every 2 days for 6 consecutive times. 25 mL of sterile water was applied to each pot (500 g of soil) each time. This treatment was designated CK. Repeat the experiment twice.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] A. Preparation of 0.06 M glyceric acid solution: Using sterile water as the solvent, 1.90944 g of D-glyceric acid was prepared in 300 mL of a 0.06 M glyceric acid solution. The D-glyceric acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 6000-40-4.

[0058] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as A. Soil selection in Example 1.

[0059] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as B. Rice treatment in Example 1.

[0060] D. Rice Treatment: Three days after rice planting, root irrigation with glyceric acid solution was performed every 48 hours for six consecutive applications. Each application was performed with 25 mL of glyceric acid solution per pot (500 g of soil). The glyceric acid dosage was 3 μmol / g of soil. This treatment was designated Gly3. The experiment was repeated twice.

[0061] Comparative Example 3

[0062] A. Preparation of 0.12 M glyceric acid solution: Using sterile water as the solvent, 3.81888 g of D-glyceric acid was prepared in 300 mL of a 0.12 M glyceric acid solution. The D-glyceric acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 6000-40-4.

[0063] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as A. Soil selection in Example 1.

[0064] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as B. Rice treatment in Example 1.

[0065] D. Rice Treatment: Three days after rice planting, root irrigation with glyceric acid solution was performed every 48 hours for six consecutive applications. Each application rate was 25 mL per pot (500 g of soil), with a glyceric acid dosage of 6 μmol / g soil. This treatment was designated Gly6. The experiment was repeated twice.

[0066] Comparative Example 4

[0067] A. Preparation of 0.2 M glyceric acid solution: Using sterile water as the solvent, 6.3648 g of D-glyceric acid was prepared in 300 mL of a 0.2 M glyceric acid solution. The D-glyceric acid was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., CAS No. 6000-40-4.

[0068] B. Soil selection: The operation method is the same as A. Soil selection in Example 1.

[0069] C. Rice treatment: The operation method is the same as B. Rice treatment in Example 1.

[0070] D. Rice Treatment: Three days after rice planting, root irrigation with glyceric acid solution was performed every 48 hours for six consecutive applications. Each application was performed with 25 mL of glyceric acid solution per pot (500 g of soil), at a rate of 10 μmol / g of soil. This treatment was designated Gly10. The experiment was repeated twice.

[0071] Application Example 1

[0072] When the rice was grown to 28 days after planting, the agronomic traits such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem base width, fresh weight, and dry weight of the rice in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were measured with reference to the "Identification of Rice Seedling Quality and Determination of Growth Traits" in "Crop Cultivation Research" (edited by Chen Dehua, published in June 2018). The results are shown in Table 1. Figures 1 to 6 and Table 1, and record the rice status of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, see Figure 7 .

[0073] Table 1 Effects of different treatments on agronomic traits of rice

[0074] deal with Plant height (cm) Leaf length (cm) Leaf width (cm) Stem base width (cm) Fresh weight (g) Dry weight (g) CK 27.45±0.72b 16.91±0.45b 0.59±0.02b 0.47±0.03c 0.79±0.04d 0.23±0.04b GA3 33.00±0.94a 20.88±1.98a 0.69±0.06a 0.74±0.06b 2.60±0.10a 0.51±0.04a GA6 32.00±1.66a 20.35±1.51a 0.66±0.05a 0.85±0.04a 2.44±0.11b 0.54±0.03a GA10 27.45±0.70b 16.60±1.07b 0.58±0.05b 0.49±0.08c 0.95±0.04c 0.26±0.02b Gly3 27.43±0.67b 17.75±0.26b 0.55±0.06b 0.46±0.05c 0.79±0.07d 0.23±0.03b Gly6 27.60±0.54b 17.28±0.70b 0.53±0.05b 0.48±0.05c 0.78±0.05d 0.24±0.03b Gly10 27.55±0.48b 16.98±0.87b 0.53±0.05b 0.41±0.02c 0.79±0.05d 0.24±0.01b

[0075] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0076] According to Table 1 and Figures 1 to 6 It can be seen that the CO-39 rice plants treated with gluconic acid in Examples 1 and 2 had significantly higher agronomic traits such as plant height, leaf length, leaf width, stem base width, fresh weight, and dry weight than the rice plants treated with sterile water and glyceric acid in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. The fresh weight of the CO-39 rice plants treated with gluconic acid in Example 3 was significantly higher than the rice plants treated with sterile water and glyceric acid in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. This shows that the application of a gluconic acid solution of an appropriate concentration can promote rice growth.

[0077] Application Example 2

[0078] ① Prepare the rice blast fungus Guy11 grown on OTA medium for 5 days [the fungus was disclosed in "The effect of in vitro application of small molecule RNA to inhibit conidia development and pathogenicity of rice blast fungus", Yu Hanxi et al., Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, Issue 2, 2023], and cut a 2mm×2mm×2mm fungus block at the edge of the mycelium with a sterile single-blade blade.

[0079] ② Select the top three leaves of rice plants grown 28 days after planting in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, respectively. After scratching the leaves with a punch, place the fungus blocks on the scratched leaves and use tape to moisturize and fix them. Two fungus blocks are placed on each leaf. The plants are placed in a greenhouse and the area of ​​the lesions is investigated after 5 days.

[0080] ③ Cut off the diseased leaves, use ImageJ software to measure and count the lesion area, and use SPSS and Origin to process and analyze the experimental data. Figure 8 And Table 2. And record the diseased leaf area of ​​rice in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, see Figure 9 .

[0081] Table 2 Effects of different treatments on rice blast

[0082]

[0083] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

[0084] According to Table 2 and Figure 8It can be seen that in Examples 1 to 3, the rice plants were root-irrigated with gluconic acid solution, and the lesion area of ​​the treated rice plants was larger than that of the rice plants treated with sterile water and glyceric acid in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. The application of gluconic acid solution at an appropriate concentration can play a role in resisting rice blast.

[0085] In summary, gluconic acid solution can affect the solubility of nutrients in the soil, promoting nutrient absorption and boosting rice growth. Furthermore, gluconic acid can recruit soil microorganisms beneficial to rice and alter the interaction network of rice rhizosphere microorganisms, thereby promoting rice growth and / or resisting rice blast. Applying an appropriate concentration of gluconic acid solution during a specific growth period can significantly increase plant height, leaf length, leaf width, tillering, stem base width, fresh and dry grain weight, and protect against rice blast, significantly reducing the area of ​​rice lesions.

[0086] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of gluconic acid in resistance to rice blast.

2. A method for resisting rice blast, characterized in that: Apply gluconic acid solution during the rice growth period.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The total amount of the gluconic acid solution applied is 8 to 17 L / mu; the concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.06 to 0.2M.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The concentration of the gluconic acid solution is 0.12-0.2M.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Calculated by the amount of gluconic acid substance, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 3 to 10 μmoL / g soil.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Calculated by the amount of gluconic acid substance, the application amount of the gluconic acid solution each time is 6 to 10 μmoL / g soil.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that The gluconic acid solution is administered 4 to 8 times.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The interval between two applications of gluconic acid solution is 2 to 3 days.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The application methods include irrigation and spraying.

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