Heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation

Abstract

The invention provides a heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system comprises a heart sound collection module, a signal transmission module, a data processing module, a user interface module, a storage module and the like. The heart sound acquisition module is used for acquiring heart sound signals through remote equipment; the signal transmission module is used for transmitting the collected heart sound signals to a remote server; the data processing module is used for analyzing the received heart sound signals in real time; the user interface module is used for displaying an analysis result and a real-time phonocardiogram; and the storage module is used for storing the analyzed heart sound data and generating a report.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cardiac strength analysis, and in particular to a heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation. Background Art

[0002] Heart sounds are produced by the mechanical vibrations of myocardial contraction, valve opening and closing, and blood flow impacting valves and blood vessel walls, which are transmitted to the chest wall. These mechanical vibrations are converted into electrical signals by a transducer and recorded, resulting in a phonocardiogram. Traditional phonocardiographs lack quantitative analysis capabilities and have significant limitations in the storage and processing of heart sounds, resulting in limited clinical application.

[0003] Currently, scholars usually use software algorithms to denoise and filter single heart sounds to identify the first heart sound, second heart sound, systole, and diastole. Although this can also achieve automatic recognition, during the heart sound collection process, noise interference is irregular, and it is difficult to completely achieve denoising by simply using software filtering. In this case, if software is used to automatically identify the first and second heart sounds, it may cause misjudgment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation, comprising: Heart sound acquisition module, used to collect heart sound signals through remote equipment; A signal transmission module is used to transmit the collected heart sound signals to a remote server; The data processing module is used to perform real-time analysis on the received heart sound signals.

[0006] Preferably, the heart sound acquisition module includes a wireless stethoscope and a mobile phone, which are used to acquire the patient's heart sound signals in real time.

[0007] Preferably, the signal transmission module transmits the heart sound signal to the server via the Internet.

[0008] Preferably, the data processing module is used to convert the audio file into a waveform graph and a spectrum graph; and identify the main components of the heart sounds by analyzing the waveform features and the spectrum graph through Audacity, including the first heart sound S1 and the second heart sound S2 and marking their time points with time tags; calculate the duration of the cardiac cycle, systole and diastole according to their time tags; after segmenting the heart sound segments, perform parameter calculation on the segmented segments, including frequency parameters, intensity parameters and time domain parameters.

[0009] Preferably, the data processing module calculates the time parameters of the cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole through the S1 and S2 time tags, extracts the loudness parameters of the segmented audio segments, extracts the heart sound intensity parameters by calculating the maximum decibel and the minimum decibel, and extracts the average intensity of the heart sound by calculating the average decibel.

[0010] Preferably, the data processing module analyzes the quality of heart sounds by calculating frequency parameters, and the frequency parameters include starting frequency, maximum frequency and average frequency.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a user interface module for displaying analysis results and real-time phonocardiogram.

[0012] Preferably, a storage module is also included for storing the analyzed heart sound data and generating a report.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation. By converting the remotely collected audio signal into a waveform diagram and a spectrum diagram for display, a first heart sound S1 and a second heart sound S2 are determined, and the duration, decibel, and frequency parameters of the first heart sound S1 and the second heart sound S2 are analyzed. Important information about heart function and health status can be obtained more clearly, including that an extension or shortening of the heart sound duration may indicate an abnormal heart rate; and that changes in the heart sound intensity may reflect problems with the heart valves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heart sound recording process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heart sound introduction of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a waveform diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the spectrum diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: See also Figures 1-4 , the present invention provides a heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation, including a heart sound collection module, a signal transmission module, a data processing module, a user interface module and a storage module; Heart sound acquisition module, used to collect heart sound signals through remote equipment; A signal transmission module is used to transmit the collected heart sound signals to a remote server; A data processing module, used for real-time analysis of received heart sound signals; A user interface module for displaying analysis results and real-time phonocardiogram; The storage module is used to store the analyzed heart sound data and generate reports.

[0018] In the present invention, the heart sound acquisition module includes a wireless stethoscope and a mobile phone, etc., which are used to remotely and in real time acquire the patient's heart sound signals. When used, the following steps are taken: 1) After making sure the surrounding environment is quiet; 2) The tester exposes their chest and takes a sitting, standing, or lying position. Prepare a mobile phone and a branch line, insert the plug into the mobile phone jack, and make a voice or video call to the doctor to achieve remote auscultation interaction; 3) Place the stethoscope tip on the five cardiac auscultation areas, apply appropriate pressure, turn on the phone's recorder, and start recording. (Since there will be a brief, loud noise at the beginning, the recording time can be extended by about 10 seconds.) 4) Auscultate heart sounds in five valve areas, 60 seconds for each valve area, namely: (1) mitral valve area (M): the strongest point of the apex beat, the fifth intercostal space, 0.5-1 cm inside the left midclavicular line; (2) pulmonary valve area (P): the second intercostal space on the left side of the sternum; (3) aortic valve area (A): the second intercostal space on the right side of the sternum; (4) second auscultation area of ​​the aortic valve (E): the third intercostal space on the left side of the sternum; (5) tricuspid valve area (T): the fourth and fifth intercostal spaces on the left side of the sternum.

[0019] 5) Name the recorded heart sound files: recording date - student number or case number - recording location - recording time (e.g. 20240511-1825100212 -1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5-1300) In the present invention, the signal transmission module transmits the heart sound signal in the form of a file to the server via the Internet.

[0020] In the present invention, the data processing module is used to convert the audio file into a phonocardiogram; the phonocardiogram is magnified and displayed simultaneously with a waveform diagram and a spectrum diagram: Waveform: The width of the wave represents frequency (wider means lower frequency), and the height represents loudness (higher means louder). The louder the heart sound, the larger the amplitude of the waveform, the louder the sound. Spectrogram: This is a spectrum representation of the relationship between signal and energy. The yellower the color, the greater the level at that frequency, while the bluer (blacker) the color, the lower the level at that frequency.

[0021] The heart rate can be determined by finding two similar patterns in the waveform of the imported audio file and determining the number of cardiac cycles.

[0022] The heart includes systole and diastole. The systole includes atrial systole, which averages 0.11 seconds, and ventricular systole, which averages 0.27 seconds. There are some murmurs during systole, which can be divided into functional murmurs and organic murmurs according to the type of murmur. Organic murmurs are often seen in patients with organic heart disease, including systolic ejection sounds, systolic clicks, and systolic atrial sounds. The diastole includes atrial diastole, which averages 0.69 seconds, and ventricular diastole, which averages 0.53 seconds. Diastolic murmurs do not exist in normal and healthy heart sounds, and their presence usually indicates the presence of mechanical heart disease. Based on the mechanism of occurrence of diastolic murmurs, they can be mainly divided into the following three categories: transsemilunar valve regurgitation murmurs, atrioventricular valve obstruction murmurs, and murmurs of increased blood flow through the atrioventricular valves.

[0023] During the early stages of ventricular contraction, marking the onset of ventricular systole, two high-frequency components are generated by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves; this is S1, which lasts 0.10-0.16 seconds and is recorded at the apex. The onset of ventricular diastole is primarily caused by the closure of the semilunar valves, specifically the aortic and pulmonary valves; this is S2, which lasts 0.08-0.12 seconds and is recorded at the mitral and tricuspid valve regions. Early diastole begins 0.1-0.2 seconds after S2, and S3, which lasts 0.03-0.08 seconds, may also include S4, which lasts 0.07-0.10 seconds and is normally inaudible, manifesting as a low-frequency oscillation of 15 to 75 Hz on a phonocardiogram. Pathological S4 often leads to conditions such as hypertension, myocarditis, and pulmonary valve stenosis.

[0024] Specifically, by importing the audio file and analyzing the waveform according to the image, the main components of the heart sound are identified, and two similar graphics are found to determine the number of cardiac cycles. If two adjacent heart sound graphics have high similarity, they can be judged as S1. d(S1-S2)>d(S2-S1), S1 has a higher frequency than S2 and has two peaks. Select two S1 time periods and add cardiac cycle labels. Display similar graphs on one page, selecting the highest points of adjacent peaks with similar waveforms as markers. Read the data: this is the duration of the cardiac cycle, such as 0.81s. Create an Excel file with the same name as the heart sound file and record it. Divide the duration of the recorded heart sound by the duration of one cardiac cycle to calculate the heart rate.

[0025] Furthermore, the above operations are used to identify and analyze S1 and S2 and calculate duration (‌duration‌), decibel (‌dB,‌ i.e., the intensity or loudness of the sound)‌ and frequency (‌frequence). In the present invention, the analyzed heart sound data and generated report are displayed on the user interface module and stored in the memory. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not limit the present invention. The objectives of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments. Any variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the principles described.

Claims

1. A heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation, characterized by: include: A heart sound collection module, used to collect heart sound signals through a remote device; A signal transmission module, used to transmit the collected heart sound signals to a remote server; The data processing module is used to perform real-time analysis on the received heart sound signals.

2. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heart sound acquisition module includes a wireless stethoscope and a mobile phone, and is used to acquire the patient's heart sound signals in real time.

3. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal transmission module transmits the heart sound signal to the server via the Internet.

4. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module is used to convert the audio file into a waveform graph and a spectrum graph; and identify the main components of the heart sound by analyzing the waveform features and the spectrum graph through Audacity, including the first heart sound S1 and the second heart sound S2 and marking their time points with time tags; calculate the duration of the cardiac cycle, the systolic period and the diastolic period according to their time tags; after segmenting the heart sound segments, perform parameter calculation on the segmented segments, including frequency parameters, intensity parameters and time domain parameters.

5. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing module calculates the time parameters of the cardiac cycle, systole, and diastole through the S1 and S2 time tags, extracts the loudness parameters of the segmented audio segments, extracts the heart sound intensity parameters by calculating the maximum decibel and the minimum decibel, and extracts the average intensity of the heart sound by calculating the average decibel.

6. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The data processing module analyzes the quality of heart sounds by calculating frequency parameters, wherein the frequency parameters include a starting frequency, a maximum frequency, and an average frequency.

7. A heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A user interface module is also included for displaying analysis results and real-time phonocardiogram.

8. The heart sound collection and real-time analysis system based on remote auscultation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A storage module is also included for storing the analyzed heart sound data and generating reports.

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