A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining locomotive engine casing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drilling and tapping center machine tool for processing a locomotive engine casing, and relates to the technical field of drilling and tapping center machine tools, including a housing, a swing adjustment member installed on one side of a mounting plate, and a reset member arranged inside the clamping block. The present invention arranges a swing adjustment member and a reset member, and the operation of a motor causes the half gear to drive the second reciprocating screw to rotate, and the reset member cooperates with the rectangular connecting block to move horizontally along the clamping block, and the workbench is cleaned in one direction as the exhaust pipe moves horizontally. When the piston plate squeezes the aqueous solution inside the liquid storage tank, the moving block swings along the arc-shaped guide ring, so that the debris on the workbench can be cleaned from different directions, thereby reducing cleaning dead angles, preventing the debris remaining on the workbench from affecting the accuracy of the subsequent installation and positioning of the engine casing to be processed, improving the cleaning efficiency of the top of the workbench, and further improving the processing effect of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling and tapping center machine tools, in particular to a drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing. Background Art

[0002] A drilling and tapping center is a machine tool for cutting metal, also commonly known as a drilling, milling and tapping center. The drilling and tapping center is the most efficient and high-precision machine tool on the market that integrates cutting, drilling and tapping. It is a vertical machining center derived from the traditional metal cutting machine tool - the vertical machining center.

[0003] When processing the locomotive engine casing, the engine casing needs to be installed under the tool holder of the machine tool through a fixture, and then the engine casing is drilled or tapped through the machine tool. During the processing of the engine casing, debris generated during the processing will accumulate on the workbench surface. After the processing is completed, in order to prevent the debris from affecting the subsequent positioning accuracy of the engine casing, the workbench surface needs to be cleaned. Due to the irregular shape of the engine casing, the fixtures are also irregularly distributed on the workbench. At this time, it is extremely cumbersome to clean the workbench, which will affect the overall processing efficiency of the equipment and also increase the labor intensity of the staff. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing in order to solve the problem that the debris generated during machining is likely to affect the machining accuracy of the subsequent machining casing.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A drilling and tapping center machine tool for processing a locomotive engine casing, comprising a shell, a drilling and tapping body is installed on the inner wall of the shell, a tool holder connected to the shell is installed at one end of the drilling and tapping body, a movable seat located below the tool holder is installed inside the shell, a mounting plate is installed on the movable seat, a workbench is installed on the top of the mounting plate, a cabin door is installed at one end of the shell, a control panel located on one side of the cabin door is installed at one end of the shell, a coolant spray pipe connected to a coolant tank is installed inside the shell, a swing adjustment member is installed on one side of the mounting plate, a clamping block is installed on one side of the mounting plate through the swing adjustment member, a reset member is arranged inside the clamping block, the clamping block is connected to an exhaust pipe connected to an external air pump through the reset member, a plurality of jet heads are installed at the bottom of the exhaust pipe, and the plurality of jet heads are distributed at equal distances along the transverse center axis of the exhaust pipe.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: the length of the exhaust pipe is equal to the width of the workbench, and the horizontal height of the exhaust pipe is greater than the horizontal height of the workbench.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the swing adjustment member includes an arc-shaped guide ring installed on one side of the mounting plate, the inner side of the arc-shaped guide ring is slidably connected with a moving block, the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide ring is installed with an arc spring connected to the moving block, and the side of the moving block away from the arc spring is installed with an arc-shaped bellows connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide ring; the moving block is provided with a liquid storage tank located on the side of the arc-shaped guide ring away from the mounting plate, and a U-shaped support frame is installed on the side of the liquid storage tank away from the arc-shaped guide ring; the interior of the liquid storage tank is slidably connected with a piston plate, the liquid storage tank is provided with a connecting hose extending to the inside of the arc-shaped bellows, and the piston plate is provided with an insert block extending to the outside of the liquid storage tank and located on the inner side of the U-shaped support frame, and the end of the U-shaped support frame away from the liquid storage tank is rotatably connected to a plug extending to the inner side of the insert block through a bearing. A first reciprocating screw rod, an end of the first reciprocating screw rod away from the plug block is installed with a gear plate located on the outside of the U-shaped support frame, a positioning frame is installed on the top of the U-shaped support frame, the inner side of the positioning frame is rotatably connected to a second reciprocating screw rod extending above the liquid storage tank through a bearing, one end of the second reciprocating screw rod is installed with a half gear located on the inner side of the positioning frame and meshing with the gear plate, a motor connected to the half gear is installed on the outer wall of the positioning frame, a guide frame located on the outside of the second reciprocating screw rod is installed on the side of the positioning frame away from the motor, a movable sliding block is movably sleeved on the second reciprocating screw rod, a block located above the second reciprocating screw rod is installed on the top of the positioning frame, a rectangular connecting block is inserted into the inner side of the block, and an L-shaped positioning block is installed on the end of the rectangular connecting block away from the positioning frame, and the exhaust pipe is installed on the L-shaped positioning block.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a crescent pin matching the outer side of the first reciprocating screw is arranged inside the plug block, and a through hole matching the plug block is opened at one end of the mounting plate away from the arc guide ring.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the drilling and tapping machine body is movably sleeved on the outside of the second reciprocating screw and the guide frame, and a crescent pin matching the second reciprocating screw is arranged inside the movable slider.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the length of the second reciprocating screw is greater than the length of the workbench.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the reset member includes a first reset spring installed at one end of the locking block and connected to the L-shaped positioning block, a triangular block is installed at the end of the rectangular connecting block away from the L-shaped positioning block, a pin hole is provided on the top of the rectangular connecting block and penetrates to the bottom of the rectangular connecting block, a U-shaped movable plate is inserted on the movable slider, a second reset spring connected to the top of the movable slider is arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped movable plate, a locking pin is installed on the top of the U-shaped movable plate, an iron block located below the locking pin is installed on the inner side of the U-shaped movable plate, and an electromagnet located below the iron block is installed on the top of the movable slider.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the diameters of the pin and the pin hole are equal, and the top of the bayonet pin is rotatably connected to a ball via a rotating shaft.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the electromagnet is electrically connected to the control panel via a wire, and the diameter of the electromagnet is equal to that of the iron block.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: both ends of the bottom of the U-shaped movable plate extend from the top of the movable sliding block to the bottom of the movable sliding block.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. By setting a swing adjustment member and a reset member, the operation of the motor drives the half gear to drive the second reciprocating screw to rotate, and the rectangular connecting block moves horizontally along the clamping block in cooperation with the reset member. The workbench is cleaned in one direction as the exhaust pipe moves horizontally. When the piston plate squeezes the aqueous solution inside the liquid storage tank, the aqueous solution inside the liquid storage tank enters the arc-shaped bellows through the connecting hose, so that the arc-shaped bellows is stretched, so that the moving block swings along the arc-shaped guide ring, thereby changing the moving direction of the exhaust pipe. In this way, the debris on the workbench can be cleaned from different directions, thereby reducing the cleaning dead angle, preventing the debris remaining on the workbench from affecting the accuracy of the installation and positioning of the subsequent engine casing to be processed, improving the cleaning efficiency of the top of the workbench, and further improving the processing effect of the equipment;

[0017] 2. By setting a reset piece, when the movable slider moves horizontally along the second reciprocating screw, the rectangular connecting block will move with the movable slider, so as to move the exhaust pipe. After the top of the workbench is cleaned, the electromagnet is started through the control panel. At this time, the electromagnet will adsorb the iron block so that the iron block and the electromagnet fit together, so as to separate the bayonet pin from the pin hole. At this time, the rectangular connecting block will lose the limit of the bayonet pin, so that the rectangular connecting block can be moved to the initial position under the action of the elastic restoring force of the first reset spring, so as to prevent the exhaust pipe from being located directly above the workbench when the motor stops working, thereby preventing the exhaust pipe from obstructing the installation of the engine casing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the arc-shaped guide ring and the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid storage bin of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the clamp block and the exhaust pipe of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the movable slider and the bayonet pin of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the card block and the rectangular connecting block of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the arc-shaped guide ring of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rectangular connecting block and the bayonet pin of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1, housing; 2, control panel; 3, tool holder; 4, coolant nozzle; 5, movable seat; 6, workbench; 7, door; 801, arc guide ring; 802, moving block; 803, arc spring; 804, arc bellows; 805, connecting hose; 806, liquid storage tank; 807, U-shaped support frame; 808, gear plate; 809, motor; 810, positioning frame; 811, half gear; 812, block; 813, nozzle; 814, exhaust Tube; 815, L-shaped positioning block; 816, mounting plate; 817, plug block; 818, piston plate; 819, first reciprocating screw; 820, first return spring; 821, second reciprocating screw; 822, guide frame; 823, movable slider; 824, triangular block; 825, pin hole; 826, rectangular connecting block; 827, electromagnet; 828, iron block; 829, U-shaped movable plate; 830, second return spring; 831, bayonet; 832, drilling and tapping body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following is an explanation of an embodiment of the present invention based on the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 8In an embodiment of the present invention, a drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing includes a shell 1, a drilling and tapping body 832 is installed on the inner wall of the shell 1, a tool holder 3 connected to the shell 1 is installed at one end of the drilling and tapping body 832, a movable seat 5 located below the tool holder 3 is installed inside the shell 1, a mounting plate 816 is installed on the movable seat 5, a workbench 6 is installed on the top of the mounting plate 816, a warehouse door 7 is installed at one end of the shell 1, a control panel 2 located on one side of the warehouse door 7 is installed at one end of the shell 1, a coolant spray pipe 4 connected to a coolant tank is installed inside the shell 1, a swing adjustment member is installed on one side of the mounting plate 816, a clamping block 812 is installed on one side of the mounting plate 816 through the swing adjustment member, a reset member is arranged inside the clamping block 812, and an exhaust pipe 814 connected to an external air pump is connected to the clamping block 812 through the reset member, a plurality of jet heads 813 are installed at the bottom of the exhaust pipe 814, and the plurality of jet heads 813 are distributed equidistantly along the transverse center axis of the exhaust pipe 814.

[0030] In this embodiment, the clamp is first installed on the top of the workbench 6, and then the engine casing to be processed is fixed on the workbench 6 by the clamp. Then, the drilling and tapping body 832, the movable seat 5, and the tool holder 3 are controlled by the control panel 2. The engine casing is drilled and tapped by the cooperation between the drilling and tapping body 832, the movable seat 5, and the tool holder 3. During the processing of the engine casing, the coolant sprayed by the coolant nozzle 4 is used to cool the processing tool and the engine casing. After the processing of the engine casing is completed, the processed casing is removed, and then the external air pump and the swing adjustment member are started. When the air pump is in operation, gas will be injected into the exhaust pipe 814, and then sprayed out through the nozzle 813. , the position of the exhaust pipe 814 is adjusted by the operation of the swing adjustment member, and the exhaust pipe 814 is reciprocated above the workbench 6. In this process, the top of the workbench 6 is cleaned at multiple angles by the air wall sprayed by the nozzle 813. In this process, there is no need to remove the clamp from the top of the workbench 6, so as to improve the cleaning effect and prevent the debris on the top of the workbench 6 from affecting the accuracy of subsequent engine installation. At the same time, it also reduces the labor intensity of the staff. After the workbench 6 is cleaned, the swing adjustment member is closed and the reset member is started. The exhaust pipe 814 is moved to one side of the workbench 6 by the operation of the reset member, so as to prevent the exhaust pipe 814 from hindering the subsequent processing of the engine casing.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The length of the exhaust pipe 814 is equal to the width of the workbench 6 , and the horizontal height of the exhaust pipe 814 is greater than the horizontal height of the workbench 6 .

[0032] In this embodiment, this structure is provided to prevent the exhaust pipe 814 from colliding with the clamp on the top of the workbench 6 when moving horizontally.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The swing adjustment member includes an arc-shaped guide ring 801 installed on one side of the mounting plate 816, a moving block 802 is slidably connected to the inner side of the arc-shaped guide ring 801, an arc-shaped spring 803 connected to the moving block 802 is installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide ring 801, an arc-shaped bellows 804 connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide ring 801 is installed on the side of the moving block 802 away from the arc-shaped spring 803, and a liquid storage tank 806 is arranged on the moving block 802 on the side of the arc-shaped guide ring 801 away from the mounting plate 816. A U-shaped support frame 807 is installed on the side of 806 away from the arc-shaped guide ring 801, and a piston plate 818 is slidably connected to the inside of the liquid storage tank 806. A connecting hose 805 extending to the inside of the arc-shaped bellows 804 is provided on the liquid storage tank 806. An insert block 817 extending to the outside of the liquid storage tank 806 and located on the inside of the U-shaped support frame 807 is provided on the piston plate 818. One end of the U-shaped support frame 807 away from the liquid storage tank 806 is rotatably connected to a first reciprocating screw rod 819 extending to the inside of the insert block 817 through a bearing. The end of the first reciprocating screw 819 away from the plug block 817 is equipped with a gear plate 808 located on the outside of the U-shaped support frame 807, and a positioning frame 810 is installed on the top of the U-shaped support frame 807. The inner side of the positioning frame 810 is rotatably connected to the second reciprocating screw 821 extending to the top of the liquid storage tank 806 through a bearing. One end of the second reciprocating screw 821 is equipped with a half gear 811 located on the inner side of the positioning frame 810 and meshing with the gear plate 808, and the outer wall of the positioning frame 810 is equipped with a Motor 809, a guide frame 822 located on the outside of the second reciprocating screw 821 is installed on the side of the positioning frame 810 away from the motor 809, a movable slider 823 is movably sleeved on the second reciprocating screw 821, a clamping block 812 located above the second reciprocating screw 821 is installed on the top of the positioning frame 810, a rectangular connecting block 826 is inserted into the inner side of the clamping block 812, an L-shaped positioning block 815 is installed on the end of the rectangular connecting block 826 away from the positioning frame 810, and the exhaust pipe 814 is installed on the L-shaped positioning block 815.

[0034] In this embodiment, when cleaning the top of the workbench 6, the motor 809 is started, and the operation of the motor 809 causes the half gear 811 to drive the second reciprocating screw 821 to rotate. At this time, the movable slider 823 will move horizontally along the second reciprocating screw 821. In this process, the rectangular connecting block 826 is moved horizontally along the block 812 through the reset member, so that the gas ejected from the nozzle 813 forms an air wall at the bottom of the exhaust pipe 814. With the horizontal movement of the exhaust pipe 814, the workbench 6 is cleaned in one direction. When the half gear 811 is meshed with the gear plate 808, the gear plate 808 will rotate with the rotation of the half gear 811, so that the first reciprocating screw 819 is moved. The piston plate 818 squeezes the aqueous solution in the liquid storage tank 806, and the aqueous solution in the liquid storage tank 806 enters the arc-shaped bellows 804 through the connecting hose 805, so as to stretch the arc-shaped bellows 804, so that the moving block 802 swings along the arc-shaped guide ring 801, thereby changing the moving direction of the exhaust pipe 814, so that the debris on the workbench 6 can be cleaned from different directions, thereby reducing cleaning dead angles, preventing the debris remaining on the workbench 6 from affecting the accuracy of the installation and positioning of the subsequent engine casing to be processed, improving the cleaning efficiency of the top of the workbench 6, and further improving the processing effect of the equipment.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 7 A crescent pin matching the outer side of the first reciprocating screw rod 819 is arranged inside the plug block 817, and a through hole matching the plug block 817 is opened at one end of the mounting plate 816 away from the arc guide ring 801.

[0036] In this embodiment, this structure is provided to enable the insert block 817 to reciprocate horizontally along the first reciprocating screw 819 when the first reciprocating screw 819 rotates, thereby squeezing the aqueous solution inside the liquid storage tank 806 or extracting the aqueous solution inside the arc bellows 804.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 The drilling and tapping machine body 832 is movably sleeved on the outer sides of the second reciprocating screw rod 821 and the guide frame 822 , and a crescent pin matching the second reciprocating screw rod 821 is arranged inside the movable slider 823 .

[0038] In this embodiment, by providing this structure, when the second reciprocating screw 821 rotates, the movable slider 823 reciprocates in the horizontal direction along the second reciprocating screw 821 , thereby driving the exhaust pipe 814 to reciprocate.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , the length of the second reciprocating screw 821 is greater than the length of the workbench 6.

[0040] In this embodiment, this structure is provided to clean the top of the workbench 6 when the exhaust pipe 814 moves, thereby reducing cleaning dead angles and further improving the cleaning effect of the air wall ejected by the nozzle 813 on the workbench 6.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 The reset member includes a first reset spring 820 installed at one end of the clamping block 812 and connected to the L-shaped positioning block 815, a triangular block 824 is installed at one end of the rectangular connecting block 826 away from the L-shaped positioning block 815, a pin hole 825 is opened at the top of the rectangular connecting block 826 and penetrates to the bottom of the rectangular connecting block 826, a U-shaped movable plate 829 is inserted on the movable slider 823, a second reset spring 830 connected to the top of the movable slider 823 is arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped movable plate 829, a clamping pin 831 is installed on the top of the U-shaped movable plate 829, an iron block 828 located below the clamping pin 831 is installed on the inner side of the U-shaped movable plate 829, and an electromagnet 827 located below the iron block 828 is installed on the top of the movable slider 823.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the movable slider 823 moves horizontally along the second reciprocating screw rod 821, if the bayonet pin 831 moves to the position aligned with the pin hole 825, the bayonet pin 831 will be inserted into the pin hole 825 under the action of the elastic restoring force of the second return spring 830. If the bayonet pin 831 is not aligned with the pin hole 825, the bayonet pin 831 will move at the bottom of the rectangular connecting block 826. When the bayonet pin 831 is aligned with the pin hole 825, the bayonet pin 831 is inserted into the pin hole 825. At this time, the rectangular connecting block 826 will move with the movable slider 823, so as to move the exhaust pipe 814. After the top of the workbench 6 is cleaned, the electromagnet 827 is started through the control panel 2. At this time, the electromagnet 827 will absorb the iron block 828, so that the iron block 828 fits with the electromagnet 827, so as to separate the latch 831 from the pin hole 825. At this time, the rectangular connecting block 826 will lose the limit of the latch 831, so that the rectangular connecting block 826 can be moved to the initial position under the action of the elastic restoring force of the first return spring 820, so as to prevent the exhaust pipe 814 from being located directly above the workbench 6 when the motor 809 stops working, thereby preventing the exhaust pipe 814 from obstructing the installation of the engine casing.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 8The diameters of the bayonet pin 831 and the pin hole 825 are equal, and the top of the bayonet pin 831 is rotatably connected to a ball via a rotating shaft.

[0044] In this embodiment, this structure is provided to improve the stability of the connection between the bayonet 831 and the pin hole 825 , while also reducing the friction between the bayonet 831 and the bottom of the rectangular connecting block 826 when the bayonet 831 moves at the bottom of the rectangular connecting block 826 .

[0045] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 The electromagnet 827 is electrically connected to the control panel 2 through a wire, and the diameter of the electromagnet 827 is equal to that of the iron block 828.

[0046] In this embodiment, the opening and closing of the electromagnet 827 is controlled by operating the control panel 2 .

[0047] Please refer to Figure 5 The two ends of the bottom of the U-shaped movable plate 829 extend from the top of the movable slider 823 to the bottom of the movable slider 823 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the U-shaped movable plate 829 is limited by providing this structure, so that the U-shaped movable plate 829 can only move up and down.

[0049] What is described above is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing, comprising a casing (1), characterized in that: A drilling and tapping machine body (832) is installed on the inner wall of the shell (1); a tool holder (3) connected to the shell (1) is installed on one end of the drilling and tapping machine body (832); a movable seat (5) located below the tool holder (3) is installed inside the shell (1); a mounting plate (816) is installed on the movable seat (5); a workbench (6) is installed on the top of the mounting plate (816); a warehouse door (7) is installed on one end of the shell (1); a control panel (2) located on one side of the warehouse door (7) is installed on one end of the shell (1); and the shell (1) A coolant spray pipe (4) connected to the coolant tank is installed inside the said installation plate (816), a swing adjustment member is installed on one side of the said installation plate (816), a clamping block (812) is installed on one side of the said installation plate (816) via the swing adjustment member, a reset member is arranged inside the said clamping block (812), the said clamping block (812) is connected to an exhaust pipe (814) connected to an external air pump via the reset member, a plurality of spray heads (813) are installed at the bottom of the said exhaust pipe (814), and the plurality of spray heads (813) are distributed at equal distances along the transverse center axis of the exhaust pipe (814); The swing adjustment member comprises an arc-shaped guide ring (801) mounted on one side of a mounting plate (816); a moving block (802) is slidably connected to the inner side of the arc-shaped guide ring (801); an arc-shaped spring (803) connected to the moving block (802) is mounted on the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide ring (801); an arc-shaped bellows (804) connected to the inner wall of the arc-shaped guide ring (801) is mounted on the side of the moving block (802) away from the arc-shaped spring (803); a liquid storage bin (806) is arranged on the moving block (802) on the side of the arc-shaped guide ring (801) away from the mounting plate (816); A U-shaped support frame (807) is installed on the side of (806) away from the arc-shaped guide ring (801), and a piston plate (818) is slidably connected to the inside of the liquid storage tank (806). A connecting hose (805) extending to the inside of the arc-shaped bellows (804) is provided on the liquid storage tank (806), and an insert block (817) extending to the outside of the liquid storage tank (806) and located on the inside of the U-shaped support frame (807) is provided on the piston plate (818). One end of the U-shaped support frame (807) away from the liquid storage tank (806) is rotatably connected to a first reciprocating screw rod (819) extending to the inside of the insert block (817) through a bearing. The end of the first reciprocating screw (819) away from the plug block (817) is equipped with a gear plate (808) located outside the U-shaped support frame (807); a positioning frame (810) is installed on the top of the U-shaped support frame (807); the inner side of the positioning frame (810) is rotatably connected to a second reciprocating screw (821) extending above the liquid storage tank (806) via a bearing; one end of the second reciprocating screw (821) is equipped with a half gear (811) located inside the positioning frame (810) and meshing with the gear plate (808); and the outer wall of the positioning frame (810) is equipped with a motor ( 809), a guide frame (822) located outside the second reciprocating screw (821) is installed on the side of the positioning frame (810) away from the motor (809), a movable slider (823) is movably sleeved on the second reciprocating screw (821), a clamping block (812) located above the second reciprocating screw (821) is installed on the top of the positioning frame (810), a rectangular connecting block (826) is inserted into the inner side of the clamping block (812), an L-shaped positioning block (815) is installed on the end of the rectangular connecting block (826) away from the positioning frame (810), and the exhaust pipe (814) is installed on the L-shaped positioning block (815).

2. A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the exhaust pipe (814) is equal to the width of the workbench (6), and the horizontal height of the exhaust pipe (814) is greater than the horizontal height of the workbench (6).

3. A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crescent pin matching the outer side of the first reciprocating screw rod (819) is disposed inside the insert block (817), and a through hole matching the insert block (817) is provided at one end of the mounting plate (816) away from the arc-shaped guide ring (801).

4. A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling and tapping machine body (832) is movably sleeved on the outer sides of the second reciprocating screw rod (821) and the guide frame (822), and a crescent pin matching the second reciprocating screw rod (821) is arranged inside the movable sliding block (823).

5. The drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the second reciprocating screw (821) is greater than the length of the workbench (6).

6. The drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset member comprises a first reset spring (820) mounted on one end of the clamping block (812) and connected to the L-shaped positioning block (815); a triangular block (824) is mounted on one end of the rectangular connecting block (826) away from the L-shaped positioning block (815); a pin hole (825) is provided on the top of the rectangular connecting block (826) and extends through the bottom of the rectangular connecting block (826); a U-shaped movable plate (829) is plugged into the movable slider (823); a second reset spring (830) connected to the top of the movable slider (823) is arranged on the inner side of the U-shaped movable plate (829); a clamping pin (831) is mounted on the top of the U-shaped movable plate (829); an iron block (828) located below the clamping pin (831) is mounted on the inner side of the U-shaped movable plate (829); and an electromagnet (827) located below the iron block (828) is mounted on the top of the movable slider (823).

7. A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameters of the bayonet pin (831) and the pin hole (825) are equal, and the top of the bayonet pin (831) is rotatably connected to a ball via a rotating shaft.

8. The drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electromagnet (827) is electrically connected to the control panel (2) via a wire, and the diameters of the electromagnet (827) and the iron block (828) are equal.

9. A drilling and tapping center machine tool for machining a locomotive engine casing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the bottom of the U-shaped movable plate (829) extend from the top of the movable sliding block (823) to the bottom of the movable sliding block (823).

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