A sand spreading device for geological structure physical simulation experiment and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of sand-laying devices. The application discloses a sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiments and a method of using the device, including an operating table, wherein the top surface of the operating table is symmetrically provided with transverse slide rails, and the top surfaces of the two transverse slide rails are slidably provided with a gantry, the top surface of the gantry is provided with a longitudinal slide rail, and the side surfaces of the longitudinal slide rails are slidably provided with a servo cylinder, a sand-laying assembly is fixed to the output end of the servo cylinder, and the top surface of the operating table is detachably provided with a simulation sand box. The present invention uses an operating table, wherein the top surface of the operating table is symmetrically provided with transverse slide rails, and the top surfaces of the two transverse slide rails are slidably provided with a gantry, the top surface of the gantry is provided with a longitudinal slide rail, and the side surfaces of the longitudinal slide rails are slidably provided with a servo cylinder, a sand-laying assembly is fixed to the output end of the servo cylinder, and the top surface of the operating table is detachably provided with a simulation sand box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sand spreading devices, and specifically to a sand spreading device for geological structure physical simulation experiments and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] Geological structure refers to the shape left behind when rock layers or rock bodies are deformed or displaced under the action of internal and external stresses of the earth. Structural simulation experiments are simulation experiments to study the formation mechanism and evolution process of geological structures in nature. Through physical simulation experiments of compression, stretching, strike-slip, bottom splitting, structural inversion, and structural syn-sedimentation processes, the effects of changes in external forces and boundary conditions on structural morphology and structural stress fields can be studied, thereby exploring the relationship between stress and strain and understanding the distribution law, change characteristics and development process of geological structures.

[0003] In the physical simulation experiment of geological structure, it is necessary to lay sand and gravel corresponding to the geology layer by layer in the experimental box according to the sand-laying device. When laying the sand, the geological structure needs to be simulated, but since each layer of geological structure is not completely horizontal, there are horizontal structures, inclined structures, fold structures and fault structures. Most of the existing sand-laying device scrapers can only adapt to horizontal structures, resulting in the inability to meet the simulation of inclined structures, fold structures and fault structures when laying sand. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing sand-spreading device for geological structure physical simulation experiment is inconvenient to adapt to different structures when spreading sand, the present invention provides a sand-spreading device for geological structure physical simulation experiment and a use method thereof to solve the above problem.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A sand-laying device for a geological structure physical simulation experiment and a method for using the device, comprising an operating table, wherein the top surface of the operating table is symmetrically provided with transverse slide rails, two top surfaces of the transverse slide rails are slidably provided with gantry frames, the top surface of the gantry frames is provided with longitudinal slide rails, the side surfaces of the longitudinal slide rails are slidably provided with servo cylinders, a sand-laying assembly is fixed to the output end of the servo cylinder, and a simulation sand box is detachably provided on the top surface of the operating table;

[0007] The sand laying assembly includes a connecting plate, a supporting plate and a sand discharge nozzle. The output end of the servo cylinder is fixed with a connecting plate, the bottom of the side of the connecting plate is fixed with a supporting plate, and a plurality of sand discharge pipes are equidistantly arranged along the edge of the top surface of the supporting plate. A sand discharge nozzle is fixed at one end of each of the sand discharge pipes that penetrates through the bottom of the supporting plate. A one-way valve is arranged on the top surface of each of the sand discharge pipes, and a corrugated telescopic conduit is fixed to the input port of the top surface of each one-way valve through a flange. A sand scraping assembly is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate away from the supporting plate.

[0008] The sand scraping assembly includes a support frame, which is fixed to the bottom surface of the connecting plate. A rotating support rod is rotatably connected inside the support frame, and a scraper is equidistantly and detachably sleeved on the rotating support rod. Two servo motors are fixed to the lower side of each support frame, and the output rods of the two servo motors rotate through the support frame and are fixed to the side of the rotating support rod.

[0009] Furthermore, screw assemblies are arranged inside the transverse slide rail and the longitudinal slide rail, and servo drive motors are arranged on the transverse slide rail and the upper side of the gantry for driving the screw assemblies, and the output ends of the screw assemblies are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the gantry and the side surface of the servo cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the simulated sand box includes a transparent box body, a transparent box body is slidably placed on the top surface of the operating table, a positioning card plate is symmetrically fixed to the bottom surface of the transparent box body, and a positioning card slot that cooperates with the positioning card plate is symmetrically opened on the top surface of the operating table, a fixed sleeve is fixed to the middle part of the side end of the transparent box body, a pull-out plate is slidably inserted inside the fixed sleeve, and a limiting block is fixed on one end of the pull-out plate that passes through the bottom of the fixed sleeve, and a fixing groove that cooperates with the limiting block is opened on the top surface of the operating table.

[0011] Furthermore, the gantry is configured as an inverted "U" shape, and the internal width is larger than the transparent box. A mounting bracket is fixed to the top surface of the gantry for mounting a sand and gravel storage box. The top surface of the mounting bracket is located above the top surface of the servo cylinder, and a number of bolt fixing holes are symmetrically and equidistantly provided inside the mounting bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the two positioning cards are both configured as inverted T-shapes, the two positioning slots are both configured as open-type at one end close to the fixing sleeve, handles are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the transparent box, the pull-out plate is configured as a T-shape, and the width of the limiting block is greater than the width inside the fixing sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, each end of the corrugated telescopic tube away from the one-way valve is connected to the corresponding sand and gravel storage box outlet through a flange, and a sliding rod is fixed to the top surface of the connecting plate away from the top surface of the corrugated telescopic tube end, and the sliding rod is slidably inserted inside the output end of the screw assembly in the longitudinal slide rail.

[0014] Furthermore, the sand outlet pipes are arranged in a ring on the top surface of the support plate, a vibration generator is rotatably arranged at the center position of the top surface of the support plate, a conduction rod is fixed to the output end of the vibration generator, and the conduction rod extends from one end of the conduction rod away from the vibration generator to fit on the side wall of the sand outlet pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, a servo motor is installed on the top surface of the connecting plate above the vibration generator, and the output rod of the servo motor rotates and passes through the bottom of the connecting plate and is fixed on the top surface of the vibration generator. A rotating rod is fixed on the bottom surface of the vibration generator, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top surface of the support plate through a bearing, and the end of the conduction rod away from the vibration generator is set to an arc shape that cooperates with the sand outlet pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottommost bottom surface of each scraper is located below the support frame and the bottom surface of the sand nozzle, the width of each scraper is greater than the width of the support plate, and the edge of each scraper away from the rotating support rod end is set to a special shape that matches the geological structure.

[0017] Furthermore, a method for using a sand-laying device for a geological structure physical simulation experiment comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step A, assembling sand and gravel raw materials;

[0019] Step A1, according to the types of sand and gravel in the geological structure, arrange and place a corresponding number of sand and gravel storage boxes on the top surface of the mounting bracket, and fix the sand and gravel storage boxes on the top surface of the mounting bracket through the fixing holes and bolts inside the mounting bracket;

[0020] Step A2, pull the corrugated telescopic tube, and fix the corrugated telescopic tubes one by one through the flange to the discharge port of the sand and gravel storage box, avoid crossing and bending the corrugated telescopic tubes when pulling the corrugated telescopic tubes to arrange the wires, and load the corresponding sand and gravel raw materials into the sand and gravel storage box;

[0021] Step A3, when the number of types of sand and gravel is less than the number of one-way valves, the corrugated telescopic conduit not connected to the discharge port of the sand and gravel storage box is blocked by a piston, and pressed and contracted to the top surface of the one-way valve;

[0022] Step A4, when the number of sand and gravel types is greater than the number of one-way valves, first load the sand and gravel types of the lower geological structure into the sand and gravel storage box, and after the lower sand and gravel are laid and the sand and gravel inside the sand and gravel storage box are discharged, add the sand and gravel types of the upper layer;

[0023] Step B, installing the simulated sand box and the sand scraping assembly;

[0024] Step B1, pull the pull-out plate, pull the limit plug to the side of the transparent box, then hold the handle, align the positioning card plate and insert it into the positioning card slot, then the transparent box can be slid and pushed to the top surface of the operating table, and after it is pushed to the top surface of the operating table, release the pull-out plate, so that the limit plug slides down and inserts into the fixing slot, so as to fix the transparent box on the top surface of the operating table;

[0025] Step B2, first select a scraper of corresponding shape according to the geological structure, so that the special-shaped side of the scraper is away from the rotating support rod, and insert the convex block on the other side of the scraper into the rotating support rod along one end of the convex groove on the outer surface of the rotating support rod;

[0026] Step B3, after the scrapers on the outer side of the rotating support rod are assembled one by one, the rotating support rod is aligned and placed inside the support frame, and one end of the rotating support rod is clamped and sleeved on the rectangular protrusion on the second output rod of the servo motor, and the screw rod is screwed from the other end of the rotating support rod into the support frame, so that the insertion rod at the side end of the bolt passes through the support frame and is inserted into the rotating support rod, so that the rotating support rod is rotatably sleeved on the insertion rod of the screw rod, thereby assembling the rotating support rod and the scraper inside the support frame;

[0027] Step C, opening the sand spreading device to spread sand;

[0028] Step C1, the driving servo motors and servo cylinders on the side of the transverse slide rail and the longitudinal slide rail are operated to drive the connecting plate to move to the required position, and then the one-way valve corresponding to the sand and gravel is opened to discharge the material. During the discharge process, the screw assembly and servo cylinder of the gantry and the longitudinal slide rail drive the corresponding sand discharge nozzle to move and spread the sand;

[0029] Step C2, before laying sand, according to the shape of the geological structure, the servo motor 2 drives the rotating support rod to rotate, and the required scraper is rotated to the bottom. When the lead screw assembly of the gantry and the longitudinal slide rail and the servo cylinder drive the sand discharge nozzle to move, the support frame is driven to move, and the scraper is driven to scrape the sand, and the laid sand and gravel are scraped into the required shape;

[0030] Step C3, when discharging, turn on the vibration generator so that the vibration generator runs to drive the transmission rod to vibrate. Each time a one-way valve is opened, the servo motor runs to drive the vibration generator to rotate, thereby driving the transmission rod to the side of the sand output pipe below the corresponding one-way valve. The transmission rod transmits the vibration force to the sand output pipe, and the vibration force received by the sand output pipe and the corrugated telescopic guide tube assists in the discharge of sand and gravel;

[0031] Step C4, according to the geological structure, the one-way valves of the corresponding sand and gravel are opened in sequence to discharge and spread the material. At the same time, the corresponding scraper is rotated to the bottom to scrape the material according to the topography. After the sand and gravel are used up, the sand and gravel storage box is added or replaced in time until the geological structure simulation is completed;

[0032] Step D, remove the model after sanding is completed;

[0033] Step D1, after the sand and gravel inside the transparent box is laid, the screw assembly in the transverse slide rail runs to drive the sand laying assembly and the sand scraping assembly to the side of the transparent box, and at the same time, the servo cylinder drives the sand laying assembly and the sand scraping assembly to move upward out of the transparent box;

[0034] Step D2, pull the pull-out plate to drive the limit block to move out of the fixed groove, so that the limit block releases the limit on the transparent box, slowly pull the handle to take the transparent box out of the operating table, and keep the transparent box level during the taking-out process.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. In the present invention, by means of a rotatable combined scraper, when spreading sand, a corresponding scraper can be selected according to the type of geological structure, so that each layer of sand and gravel can be scraped into a specified shape after being laid, thereby solving the problem that the existing sand-spreading device of the physical simulation experiment of geological structure is inconvenient to adapt to different structures when spreading sand, thereby improving the application scope of the sand-spreading device.

[0037] 2. In the present invention, when spreading sand, several sand and gravel outlets are used. According to the geological type simulated during the experiment, the type of sand and gravel in each layer is selected to open the corresponding sand outlet, so as to realize the stacking of sand and gravel layer by layer in the geological structure, further improving the application scope of the sand spreading device.

[0038] 3. In the present invention, through the detachable design of the simulation sand box, during the experiment, after the sand and gravel are laid, the simulation sand box can be removed from the operating table, and a simulation sand box of corresponding size can be selected according to the needs of geological structure simulation.

[0039] 4. In the present invention, the detachable design of the rotating support rod enables the sand-laying device to select the corresponding combination of scrapers according to the characteristics of each geological structure when conducting simulation experiments. At the same time, the individually detachable design of the scrapers can adjust the type of scrapers on each combination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the left side of the structure of a sand-laying device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the right side of the sand spreading device structure in the illustrated embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sand-laying device when simulating the splitting of the sand box in the embodiment shown;

[0044] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A bottom view of the structure when simulating the splitting of the sand box in the embodiment shown;

[0045] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic front view of the sand producing assembly and the sand scraping assembly structure in the illustrated embodiment;

[0046] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A bottom view schematically showing the structure of the sand producing assembly and the sand scraping assembly in the illustrated embodiment.

[0047] The meanings of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. operating table; 2. horizontal slide rail; 3. gantry; 4. longitudinal slide rail; 5. simulated sand box; 51. transparent box; 52. positioning card plate; 53. positioning card slot; 54. fixing sleeve; 55. pull-out plate; 56. limit plug block; 57. fixing slot; 6. sand laying assembly; 61. connecting plate; 62. support plate; 63. sand outlet pipe; 64. one-way valve; 65. corrugated telescopic duct; 66. sand outlet nozzle; 67. servo motor 1; 68. vibration generator; 69. conduction rod; 7. sand scraping assembly; 71. support frame; 72. rotating support rod; 73. scraper; 74. servo motor 2; 75. slide rod; 8. servo cylinder; 9. mounting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Reference Figures 1 to 6 A sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment and a method of using the same, comprising an operating table 1, wherein the top surface of the operating table 1 is symmetrically provided with transverse slide rails 2, a gantry 3 is slidably provided on the top surfaces of the two transverse slide rails 2, a longitudinal slide rail 4 is provided on the inner top surface of the gantry 3, a servo cylinder 8 is slidably provided on the side of the longitudinal slide rail 4, a sand-laying assembly 6 is fixed on the output end of the servo cylinder 8, and a simulation sand box 5 is detachably provided on the top surface of the operating table 1;

[0050] The sand laying assembly 6 includes a connecting plate 61, a supporting plate 62 and a sand discharge nozzle 66. The connecting plate 61 is fixed to the output end of the servo cylinder 8, and the supporting plate 62 is fixed to the bottom of the side of the connecting plate 61. A plurality of sand discharge pipes 63 are equidistantly arranged on the edge of the top surface of the supporting plate 62. A sand discharge nozzle 66 is fixed to one end of each sand discharge pipe 63 that penetrates to the bottom of the supporting plate 62. A one-way valve 64 is arranged on the top surface of each sand discharge pipe 63. A corrugated telescopic conduit 65 is fixed to the top surface input port of each one-way valve 64 through a flange. A sand scraping assembly 7 is arranged on the bottom surface of the connecting plate 61 away from the supporting plate 62.

[0051] The scraping assembly 7 includes a support frame 71, which is fixed to the bottom surface of the connecting plate 61. A rotating support rod 72 is rotatably connected inside the support frame 71. A scraper 73 is equidistantly and detachably sleeved on the rotating support rod 72. A servo motor 74 is fixed to the lower side of each support frame 71. The output rods of the servo motors 74 are all rotatably passed through the support frame 71 and fixed to the side of the rotating support rod 72.

[0052] The transverse slide rail 2 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 are both provided with a lead screw assembly, and the transverse slide rail 2 and the upper side end of the gantry 3 are both provided with a servo drive motor for driving the lead screw assembly, and the output end of the lead screw assembly is respectively fixed to the bottom surface of the gantry 3 and the side of the servo cylinder 8, and the lead screws in the lead screw assembly are all penetrated to the outside of the transverse slide rail 2 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 and are respectively fixed to the servo drive motor, and the sliding sleeves on the lead screws are all slidably inserted in the transverse slide rail 2 and the longitudinal slide rail 4, and the two sliding sleeves extend to the outside of the transverse slide rail 2 and the longitudinal slide rail 4. One end is fixed to the bottom surface of the gantry 3 and the side of the servo cylinder 8;

[0053] The simulated sand box 5 includes a transparent box body 51, on which the transparent box body 51 is slidably placed on the top surface of the operating table 1, and a positioning card plate 52 is symmetrically fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent box body 51, and a positioning card slot 53 cooperating with the positioning card plate 52 is symmetrically provided on the top surface of the operating table 1. A fixing sleeve 54 is fixed to the middle part of the side end of the transparent box body 51, and a pull-out plate 55 is slidably inserted inside the fixing sleeve 54. The pull-out plate 55 passes through one end below the fixing sleeve 54 and is fixed with a limiting plug block 56. A fixing groove 57 cooperating with the limiting plug block 56 is provided on the top surface of the operating table 1, and the two positioning card plates 52 are both arranged to be inverted T-shaped, and the two positioning card slots 53 are arranged to be open at one end close to the fixing sleeve 54. Handles are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the transparent box body 51, and the pull-out plate 55 is arranged to be T-shaped. The width of the limiting plug block 56 is greater than the width inside the fixing sleeve 54.

[0054] The gantry 3 is configured as an inverted "U" shape, and its internal width is greater than the transparent box 51. A mounting bracket 9 is fixed to the top surface of the gantry 3 for mounting a sand and gravel storage box. The top surface of the mounting bracket 9 is located above the top surface of the servo cylinder 8, and a number of bolt fixing holes are symmetrically and equidistantly provided inside the mounting bracket 9.

[0055] One end of each corrugated telescopic tube 65 away from the one-way valve 64 is connected to the corresponding sand and gravel storage box outlet through a flange, and a slide rod 75 is fixed to the top surface of the connecting plate 61 away from the top surface of the corrugated telescopic tube 65, and the slide rod 75 is slidably inserted inside the output end of the screw assembly in the longitudinal slide rail 4.

[0056] The sand outlet pipe 63 is arranged in a ring on the top surface of the support plate 62, and a vibration generator 68 is rotatably arranged at the center position of the top surface of the support plate 62. A conduction rod 69 is fixed to the output end of the vibration generator 68, and the end of the conduction rod 69 away from the vibration generator 68 extends to fit on the side wall of the sand outlet pipe 63. A servo motor 67 is installed on the top surface of the connecting plate 61 above the vibration generator 68. The output rod of the servo motor 67 rotates and passes through the bottom of the connecting plate 61 and is fixed to the top surface of the vibration generator 68. A rotating rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the vibration generator 68, and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top surface of the support plate 62 through a bearing. The end of the conduction rod 69 away from the vibration generator 68 is set to an arc shape that matches the sand outlet pipe 63.

[0057] The bottom surface of each scraper 73 is located below the bottom surface of the support frame 71 and the sand ejection nozzle 66. The width of each scraper 73 is greater than the width of the support plate 62. The edge of each scraper 73 away from the rotating support rod 72 is configured to be a special shape that matches the geological structure.

[0058] Based on the above scheme, a method for using a sand-laying device for a geological structure physical simulation experiment is obtained, and the method for using the sand-laying device includes the following steps:

[0059] Step A, assembling sand and gravel raw materials;

[0060] Step A1, according to the type of sand and gravel in the geological structure, arrange and place a corresponding number of sand and gravel storage boxes on the top surface of the mounting bracket 9, and fix the sand and gravel storage boxes on the top surface of the mounting bracket 9 through the fixing holes and bolts inside the mounting bracket 9;

[0061] Step A2, pull the corrugated telescopic conduit 65, and fix the corrugated telescopic conduit 65 one by one through the flange to the discharge port of the sand and gravel storage box, avoid crossing and bending the corrugated telescopic conduit 65 when pulling the corrugated telescopic conduit 65 to arrange the wires, and load the corresponding sand and gravel raw materials into the sand and gravel storage box;

[0062] Step A3, when the number of types of sand and gravel is less than the number of one-way valves 64, the corrugated telescopic conduit 65 that is not connected to the discharge port of the sand and gravel storage box is blocked by a piston, and pressed and contracted to the top surface of the one-way valve 64;

[0063] Step A4, when the number of sand and gravel types is greater than the number of one-way valves 64, first load the sand and gravel types of the lower geological structure into the sand and gravel storage box, and after the lower sand and gravel are laid and the sand and gravel inside the sand and gravel storage box are discharged, add the sand and gravel types of the upper layer;

[0064] Step B, installing the simulated sand box 5 and the sand scraping assembly 7;

[0065] Step B1, pull the pull-out plate 55, pull the limit plug 56 to the side of the transparent box 51, then hold the handle, align the positioning card plate 52 and insert it into the positioning card slot 53, and then the transparent box 51 can be slid and pushed to the top surface of the operating table 1. After it is pushed to the top surface of the operating table 1, release the pull-out plate 55, so that the limit plug 56 slides down and inserts into the fixing slot 57, so that the transparent box 51 is fixed on the top surface of the operating table 1;

[0066] Step B2, first select a scraper 73 of a corresponding shape according to the geological structure, so that the special-shaped side of the scraper 73 is away from the rotating support rod 72, and insert the convex block on the other side of the scraper 73 into the rotating support rod 72 along one end of the convex groove on the outer surface of the rotating support rod 72;

[0067] Step B3, after assembling the scraper plates 73 on the outer side of the rotating support rod 72 one by one, align the rotating support rod 72 and put it into the support frame 71, and fit one end of the rotating support rod 72 on the rectangular protrusion on the output rod of the servo motor 2 74, screw the screw from the other end of the rotating support rod 72 into the support frame 71, so that the insertion rod at the side end of the bolt passes through the support frame 71 and is inserted into the rotating support rod 72, so that the rotating support rod 72 is rotatably sleeved on the insertion rod of the screw, and the diameter of the insertion rod is smaller than the diameter of the bolt, thereby assembling the rotating support rod 72 and the scraper plates 73 inside the support frame 71;

[0068] Step C, opening the sand spreading device to spread sand;

[0069] Step C1, the driving servo motor and the servo cylinder 8 on the side of the transverse slide rail 2 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 are operated to drive the connecting plate 61 to move to the required position, and then the one-way valve 64 corresponding to the sand and gravel is opened to discharge the material. During the discharge process, the screw assembly of the gantry 3 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 and the servo cylinder 8 drive the corresponding sand discharge nozzle 66 to move to spread the sand;

[0070] Step C2, before laying sand, according to the shape of the geological structure, the servo motor 2 74 drives the rotating support rod 72 to rotate, and the required scraper 73 is rotated to the bottom, and the lead screw assembly of the gantry 3 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 and the servo cylinder 8 drive the sand ejection nozzle 66 to move, drive the support frame 71 to move, and drive the scraper 73 to scrape sand, and scrape the laid sand and gravel into the required shape;

[0071] Step C3, when discharging, the vibration generator 68 is turned on, so that the vibration generator 68 runs to drive the transmission rod 69 to vibrate. Each time a one-way valve 64 is opened, the servo motor 67 runs to drive the vibration generator 68 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission rod 69 to the side of the sand outlet pipe 63 below the corresponding one-way valve 64. The transmission rod 69 transmits the vibration force to the sand outlet pipe 63, and the vibration force received by the sand outlet pipe 63 and the corrugated telescopic guide tube 65 assists in the discharge of sand and gravel;

[0072] Step C4, opening the one-way valve 64 of the corresponding sand and gravel in sequence according to the geological structure, discharging and spreading the material, and rotating the corresponding scraper 73 to the bottom to scrape the material according to the topography. After the sand and gravel are used up, add or replace the material in the sand and gravel storage box in time until the geological structure simulation is completed;

[0073] Step D, remove the model after sanding is completed;

[0074] Step D1, after the sand and gravel inside the transparent box 51 is laid, the screw assembly in the transverse slide rail 2 is operated to drive the sand laying assembly 6 and the sand scraping assembly 7 to the side of the transparent box 51, and at the same time, the servo cylinder 8 drives the sand laying assembly 6 and the sand scraping assembly 7 to move upward out of the transparent box 51;

[0075] Step D2, pull the pull-out plate 55 to move the limiting block 56 out of the fixing groove 57, so that the limiting block 56 releases the limiting effect on the transparent box 51, slowly pull the handle to take the transparent box 51 out of the operating table 1, and keep the transparent box 51 horizontal during the taking-out process.

[0076] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present application. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0077] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A sand spreading device for geological structure physical simulation experiment, characterized in that: The operating table (1) comprises a top surface of which transverse slide rails (2) are symmetrically arranged, a gantry (3) is slidably arranged on the top surfaces of the two transverse slide rails (2), a longitudinal slide rail (4) is arranged on the inner top surface of the gantry (3), a servo cylinder (8) is slidably arranged on the side of the longitudinal slide rail (4), a sand laying assembly (6) is fixed to the output end of the servo cylinder (8), and a simulated sand box (5) is detachably arranged on the top surface of the operating table (1); The sand laying assembly (6) comprises a connecting plate (61), a supporting plate (62) and a sand discharge nozzle (66); the connecting plate (61) is fixed to the output end of the servo cylinder (8); the supporting plate (62) is fixed to the bottom of the side of the connecting plate (61); a plurality of sand discharge pipes (63) are equidistantly arranged along the edge of the top surface of the supporting plate (62); a sand discharge nozzle (66) is fixed to one end of each of the sand discharge pipes (63) that penetrates to the bottom of the supporting plate (62); a check valve (64) is arranged on the top surface of each of the sand discharge pipes (63); a corrugated telescopic conduit (65) is fixed to the top surface input port of each of the check valves (64) through a flange; and a sand scraping assembly (7) is arranged on the bottom surface of the end of the connecting plate (61) away from the supporting plate (62); The sand scraping assembly (7) comprises a support frame (71), the support frame (71) being fixed to the bottom surface of the connecting plate (61), the support frame (71) being rotatably connected to a rotating support rod (72) inside, the rotating support rod (72) being equidistantly and detachably sleeved with a scraper plate (73), each of the support frames (71) being fixed to a lower side with a servo motor 2 (74), the output rods of the servo motor 2 (74) all rotatably passing through the support frame (71) and being fixed to the side of the rotating support rod (72); The bottom surface of each scraper (73) is located below the bottom surface of the support frame (71) and the sand ejection nozzle (66), the width of each scraper (73) is greater than the width of the support plate (62), and the edge of each scraper (73) away from the rotating support rod (72) is configured to be a special shape that matches the geological structure.

2. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transverse slide rail (2) and the longitudinal slide rail (4) are both provided with a lead screw assembly, and the transverse slide rail (2) and the upper side end of the gantry (3) are both provided with a servo drive motor for driving the lead screw assembly, and the output end of the lead screw assembly is respectively fixed to the bottom surface of the gantry (3) and the side of the servo cylinder (8).

3. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The simulated sand box (5) comprises a transparent box body (51), the transparent box body (51) is slidably placed on the top surface of the operating table (1), a positioning card plate (52) is symmetrically fixed on the bottom surface of the transparent box body (51), and a positioning card slot (53) cooperating with the positioning card plate (52) is symmetrically opened on the top surface of the operating table (1), a fixing sleeve (54) is fixed at the middle part of the side end of the transparent box body (51), a pull-out plate (55) is slidably inserted inside the fixing sleeve (54), and a limit block (56) is fixed at one end of the pull-out plate (55) penetrating to the bottom of the fixing sleeve (54), and a fixing slot (57) cooperating with the limit block (56) is opened on the top surface of the operating table (1).

4. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The gantry (3) is configured to be in an inverted "U" shape, and its internal width is greater than that of the transparent box (51). A mounting bracket (9) is fixed to the top surface of the gantry (3) for mounting a sand and gravel storage box. The top surface of the mounting bracket (9) is located above the top surface of the servo cylinder (8). A plurality of bolt fixing holes are symmetrically and equidistantly provided inside the mounting bracket (9).

5. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The two positioning clamping plates (52) are both arranged in an inverted T-shape, the two positioning clamping slots (53) are both arranged in an open type at one end close to the fixing sleeve (54), handles are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the transparent box (51), the pull-out plate (55) is arranged in a T-shape, and the width of the limiting plug (56) is greater than the width inside the fixing sleeve (54).

6. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of each of the bellows telescopic conduits (65) away from the one-way valve (64) is connected to the discharge port of the corresponding sand and gravel storage box through a flange, and a slide rod (75) is fixed to the top surface of the connecting plate (61) away from the top surface of the end of the bellows telescopic conduit (65), and the slide rod (75) is slidably inserted inside the output end of the screw assembly in the longitudinal slide rail (4).

7. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sand outlet pipe (63) is arranged in a ring on the top surface of the support plate (62); a vibration generator (68) is rotatably arranged at the center position of the top surface of the support plate (62); a conduction rod (69) is fixed to the output end of the vibration generator (68); an end of the conduction rod (69) away from the vibration generator (68) extends to fit on the side wall of the sand outlet pipe (63).

8. The sand-laying device for geological structure physical simulation experiment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A servo motor 1 (67) is installed on the top surface of the connecting plate (61) above the vibration generator (68); an output rod of the servo motor 1 (67) rotates through the bottom of the connecting plate (61) and is fixed to the top surface of the vibration generator (68); a rotating rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the vibration generator (68), and the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top surface of the support plate (62) through a bearing; and one end of the conduction rod (69) away from the vibration generator (68) is arranged in an arc shape that matches the sand outlet pipe (63).

9. A method for using a sand-spreading device for a geological structure physical simulation experiment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method of use comprises the following steps: Step A, assembling sand and gravel raw materials; Step A1, according to the type of sand and gravel in the geological structure, arrange and place a corresponding number of sand and gravel storage boxes on the top surface of the mounting bracket (9), and fix the sand and gravel storage boxes to the top surface of the mounting bracket (9) through the fixing holes and bolts inside the mounting bracket (9); Step A2, pulling the corrugated telescopic conduit (65), fixing the corrugated telescopic conduit (65) one by one at the discharge port of the sand and gravel storage box through the flange, avoiding the corrugated telescopic conduit (65) from crossing and bending when pulling the corrugated telescopic conduit (65) to arrange the wires, and loading the corresponding sand and gravel raw materials into the sand and gravel storage box; Step A3, when the number of types of sand and gravel is less than the number of one-way valves (64), the corrugated telescopic conduit (65) not connected to the discharge port of the sand and gravel storage box is blocked by a piston, and pressed and contracted to be on the top surface of the one-way valve (64); Step A4, when the number of sand and gravel types is greater than the number of one-way valves (64), firstly load the sand and gravel types of the lower geological structure into the sand and gravel storage box, and after the lower sand and gravel are laid and the sand and gravel in the sand and gravel storage box are discharged, add the sand and gravel types of the upper geological structure; Step B, installing the simulated sand box (5) and the sand scraping assembly (7); Step B1, pull the pull-out plate (55) to pull the limit plug (56) to the side of the transparent box (51), then hold the handle and align the positioning card plate (52) and insert it into the positioning card slot (53), so that the transparent box (51) can be slid and pushed to the top surface of the operating table (1). After it is pushed to the top surface of the operating table (1), release the pull-out plate (55) to make the limit plug (56) slide down and insert it into the fixing slot (57), so that the transparent box (51) is fixed on the top surface of the operating table (1); Step B2, firstly selecting a scraper (73) of a corresponding shape according to the geological structure, so that the special-shaped side of the scraper (73) is away from the rotating support rod (72), and inserting the convex block on the other side of the scraper (73) into the rotating support rod (72) along one end of the convex groove on the outer surface of the rotating support rod (72); Step B3, after assembling the scrapers (73) on the outer sides of the rotating support rod (72) one by one, align the rotating support rod (72) and place it inside the support frame (71), and fit one end of the rotating support rod (72) onto the rectangular protrusion on the output rod of the second servo motor (74), screw the screw from the other end of the rotating support rod (72) into the support frame (71), so that the insertion rod at the side end of the bolt passes through the support frame (71) and is inserted into the rotating support rod (72), so that the rotating support rod (72) is rotatably sleeved on the insertion rod of the screw, thereby assembling the rotating support rod (72) and the scrapers (73) inside the support frame (71); Step C, opening the sand spreading device to spread sand; Step C1, the driving servo motor and the servo cylinder (8) on the side of the transverse slide rail (2) and the longitudinal slide rail (4) are operated to drive the connecting plate (61) to move to the required position, and then the one-way valve (64) corresponding to the sand and gravel is opened to discharge the material. During the discharge process, the screw assembly and the servo cylinder (8) of the gantry (3) and the longitudinal slide rail (4) drive the corresponding sand discharge nozzle (66) to move to spread the sand; Step C2, before laying sand, according to the shape of the geological structure, the servo motor 2 (74) is operated to drive the rotating support rod (72) to rotate, and the required scraper (73) is rotated to the bottom, and the lead screw assembly and the servo cylinder (8) of the gantry (3) and the longitudinal slide rail (4) drive the sand discharge nozzle (66) to move, drive the support frame (71) to move, and at the same time drive the scraper (73) to scrape sand, so that the laid sand and gravel are scraped into the required shape; Step C3, when discharging the material, the vibration generator (68) is turned on, so that the vibration generator (68) is operated to drive the transmission rod (69) to vibrate. Each time a one-way valve (64) is opened, the servo motor (67) is operated to drive the vibration generator (68) to rotate, thereby driving the transmission rod (69) to the side of the sand outlet pipe (63) below the corresponding one-way valve (64). The transmission rod (69) transmits the vibration force to the sand outlet pipe (63), and the vibration force received by the sand outlet pipe (63) and the corrugated telescopic guide tube (65) assists the discharge of sand and gravel; Step C4, opening the one-way valve (64) of the corresponding sand and gravel in sequence according to the geological structure to discharge and spread the material, and at the same time rotating the corresponding scraper (73) to the bottom to scrape the material according to the topography, and adding or replacing the material in the sand and gravel storage box in time after the sand and gravel are used up, until the geological structure simulation is completed; Step D, remove the model after sanding is completed; Step D1, after the sand and gravel inside the transparent box (51) is laid, the screw assembly inside the transverse slide rail (2) operates to drive the sand laying assembly (6) and the sand scraping assembly (7) to the side of the transparent box (51), and at the same time, the servo cylinder (8) drives the sand laying assembly (6) and the sand scraping assembly (7) to move upward out of the transparent box (51); Step D2, pulling the pull-out plate (55) drives the limiting plug (56) to move out of the fixing groove (57), so that the limiting plug (56) releases the limit on the transparent box (51), and slowly pulling the handle to remove the transparent box (51) from the operating table (1). During the removal process, the transparent box (51) is kept horizontal.

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