An intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent controllable harvester for highland barley harvesting, comprising a harvesting platform, a threshing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a grain conveying pipe, and a grain bin. A detection device for detecting impurity content and breakage rate is installed at the grain outlet of the grain conveying pipe. The detection device is connected to a control system, which can adjust the operating parameters of the harvesting platform, the threshing mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism. The detection device includes a sampling mechanism, an image acquisition section, and a seed-discharging conveyor belt. The sampling mechanism includes a translation section capable of translating relative to the grain outlet and a translation drive mechanism. The translation drive mechanism enables the translation section to move between two points, a first point and a second point. The translation section includes upper and lower comb teeth and a feed trough. The comb teeth include multiple V-shaped units arranged in a linear array, with the middle of the V-shaped units being lower than the two ends. The bottom of the feed trough has a straight-line discharge port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of highland barley harvesters, and in particular to an intelligently controlled harvester for harvesting highland barley. Background Art

[0002] As an important food crop in Tibetan areas, highland barley is not only one of the main food sources for local residents, but also carries profound cultural significance. A typical highland barley harvester is shown in patent CN107548680A. During the harvesting process, it is very important to detect the length and content of highland barley awns, because too long or too many highland barley awns will affect the subsequent processing efficiency and product quality; at the same time, controlling the breakage rate of highland barley grains is also one of the key factors to ensure the quality of the final product. A high breakage rate not only reduces the edible value, but also affects the storage performance.

[0003] In the prior art, patents such as CN220191495U disclose detection mechanisms for detecting the impurity and breakage rates of rapeseed, rice and wheat. These devices spread the crop grains flat through belts, and use cameras to obtain images of the crops to detect the impurity and breakage rates. However, there is still a lack of devices specifically designed for the multi-awn characteristics of highland barley that can effectively measure the impurity and breakage rates of its highland barley awns, which has brought challenges to improving the quality of highland barley processing and also restricted the further development of the industry. Therefore, the development of efficient detection equipment adapted to the characteristics of highland barley has become one of the important directions for improving the level of agricultural modernization in Tibetan areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting, which can effectively detect highland barley awns and grains in highland barley crops and facilitate adjustment of operating parameters.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting of the present invention comprises a harvesting platform, a threshing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a grain conveying pipe and a granary, a detection device for detecting the impurity content and the breakage rate is installed at the grain outlet of the grain conveying pipe, the detection device is connected to a control system, and the control system can adjust the operating parameters of the harvesting platform, the threshing mechanism and the cleaning mechanism; the detection device comprises a sampling mechanism, an image acquisition part and a seed conveyor belt;

[0006] The sampling mechanism comprises a translation part capable of translation relative to the grain outlet and a translation driving mechanism, wherein the translation driving mechanism enables the translation part to move between a first point position and a second point position;

[0007] The translation part includes a comb-tooth portion arranged in an upper and lower manner and a material trough, that is, the material trough is placed directly below the comb-tooth portion; the comb-tooth portion includes a plurality of V-shaped units arranged in a linear array, the middle of the V-shaped unit is low and the two ends are high; the bottom of the material trough has a straight-line discharge port. The seeding conveyor belt is placed on the side of the grain discharge port; when the translation part is located at the first point position, the translation part is placed as a whole below the grain discharge port, and the discharge port leaves the seeding conveyor belt; when the translation part is located at the second point position, the translation part is offset relative to the bottom of the grain discharge port, and the discharge port is located at the head end of the seeding conveyor belt.

[0008] Furthermore, the image acquisition part includes a first camera and a second camera. When the translation part is at the second point position, the first camera and the second camera are respectively placed above the comb tooth part and the seed conveyor belt; the first camera and the second camera are respectively used for images of the comb tooth part and the seed conveyor belt part.

[0009] With the above structure, in the initial state, the translation part is at the second point position. When detection is required, the translation drive mechanism drives the translation part to move to the first point position. At this time, the highland barley material falling from the grain outlet falls on the translation mechanism, and the highland barley material first passes through the comb tooth part and then enters the trough. In the process of the highland barley material passing through the comb tooth part, part of the highland barley awns in the material are blocked by the comb tooth part, and converge to the middle part of the comb tooth part under the impact of the flowing highland barley material, and adjust the posture of the inclined highland barley awns, and the highland barley grains in the highland barley material pass through the gap between the V-shaped units and fall into the trough. After the translation part stays at the first point position for a preset time, the translation drive mechanism returns the translation part to the second point position, and the first camera obtains the image of the comb tooth part from above. Then, the seeding conveyor belt operates, and the highland barley grains in the trough are gradually placed and arranged on the seeding conveyor belt. As the seeding conveyor belt operates, the second camera continuously obtains the image of the seeding conveyor belt part.

[0010] The control system processes the image acquired by the first camera to obtain the number and length of highland barley awns on the comb teeth, and evaluate the impurity rate of highland barley materials. By placing the highland barley grains in the trough and arranging them on the seed conveyor belt, the highland barley grains in the image acquired by the second camera are clearly distinguished, which can facilitate the extraction of the image of the highland barley grains and distinguish the highland barley grains. The damaged highland barley grains can be effectively identified, and the statistics of the damage rate are accurate.

[0011] Specifically, when the average length of barley awns is longer, the operating frequency of the threshing mechanism should be increased to improve the awn crushing effect; when the breakage rate is higher, the operating frequency of the threshing mechanism should be reduced to reduce the breakage rate; when the awn content is higher, the cleaning intensity of the cleaning mechanism should be increased.

[0012] Furthermore, a dividing wheel is installed in the trough, and the dividing wheel can rotate relative to the trough under the action of the first motor; the dividing wheel has a plurality of receiving grooves arranged in a circular array, the receiving grooves are long strips, and their extension direction is parallel to the axial direction of the dividing wheel; the trough has an arc-shaped protective wall that fits the outer wall of the dividing wheel. As the dividing wheel rotates, the receiving groove passes through the highland barley grains in the receiving groove, and the highland barley grains in the receiving groove fill the receiving groove. Under the maintenance of the arc-shaped protective wall, the receiving groove brings a horizontal strip of highland barley grains to the discharge port, and the discharge port puts the highland barley grains brought by the receiving groove into the seeding conveyor belt. As the seeding conveyor belt runs, evenly arranged strips of highland barley grains are formed on the upper surface of its upper belt segment.

[0013] Furthermore, the comb teeth are V-shaped thin slices, and the end faces of the thin slices are vertically arranged, so that the structural strength of the comb teeth can be ensured and the comb teeth can be prevented from blocking the passage of highland barley grains.

[0014] Furthermore, the translation drive mechanism includes a second motor, a gear and a rack; the rack is fixed relative to the position of the grain outlet, and the second motor is installed on the outer wall of the trough; the gear is fixed on the output shaft of the trough, and the gear is meshed with the rack. By driving the gear to rotate, the sampling mechanism can be translated to achieve the movement of the sampling mechanism between two points.

[0015] Furthermore, the side of the material trough has an openable door, the door can rotate relative to the material trough, and an opening and closing driving element is connected between the material trough and the door. In this solution, the opening and closing driving element is an electric push rod.

[0016] With the above structure, when a detection operation is completed and the sampling mechanism returns to the first point, the opening and closing driving element drives the door to open, so that most of the highland barley grains in the trough can be discharged. At the same time, the first motor drives the material distribution wheel to operate and discharge the remaining highland barley grains in the silo, so that the next sampling can be carried out, and it is ensured that all the samples of the previous time are discharged, which does not affect the next sampling and detection.

[0017] In addition, a mask is also installed on the trough, and the mask can slide relative to the trough. Specifically, a guide rod for guiding the mask is installed on the trough, and a translation drive element is connected between the trough and the mask. In this solution, the translation drive element is an electric push rod. When each sampling is completed and the sampling mechanism reaches the second point, the translation drive element drives the mask to translate so that the mask is placed between the comb teeth and the trough. In this way, on the one hand, it is convenient for the first camera to obtain an image of the barley awn part, avoiding the image of the part of the trough included in the image, which increases the difficulty of image analysis. On the other hand, after the detection is completed, the sampling mechanism returns to the first point. Before the remaining grains in the trough are completely discharged, the mask blocks the top of the trough to prevent new grains from entering until all the old grains are discharged and the mask leaves the top of the trough.

[0018] An air jet is installed on the mask. After the first camera collects the image, the air jet blows away the highland barley awns on the comb teeth.

[0019] Furthermore, the belt surface of the seeding conveyor belt is provided with retaining grooves arranged in a linear array, and the accommodating groove of the dividing wheel puts the barley grains into each retaining groove, so that the grains can be kept basically fixed relative to the seeding conveyor belt.

[0020] Beneficial effect: The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting of the present invention can effectively sample the highland barley awns and grains in the highland barley material separately, and can effectively obtain parameters such as the awn content rate, average length of the highland barley awns, and breakage rate of the highland barley material by collecting and analyzing images of the highland barley awns and the highland barley grains arranged on the seed conveyor belt respectively, and adjust the operation of other components in the harvester accordingly, so as to realize intelligent control of the harvester. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a combined structural diagram of the grain outlet and the detection device in the harvester;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a first-view structural diagram of the detection device;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the detection device from a second perspective;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a third-view structural diagram of the detection device;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the sampling mechanism.

[0026] In the figure: a-grain outlet; 1-sampling mechanism; 11-comb teeth; 11a-V-shaped unit; 12-material trough; 12a-material outlet; 12b-arc-shaped protective wall; 13-translation drive mechanism; 131-second motor; 132-gear; 133-rack; 14-dividing wheel; 14a-accommodating groove; 15-first motor; 16-door; 17-opening and closing drive element; 18-mask; 19-guide rod; 110-translation drive element; 111-air jet; 2-image acquisition part; 21-first camera; 22-second camera; 3-seed conveyor belt; 31-holding groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting of the present invention comprises a harvesting platform, a threshing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a grain conveying pipe and a grain bin. The overall structure of the harvester is referred to patent CN107548680A. Figure 1 As shown, a detection device for detecting the impurity content and the breakage rate is installed at the grain outlet a of the grain conveying pipe, and the detection device is connected to a control system, and the control system can adjust the operating parameters of the harvesting platform, the threshing mechanism and the cleaning mechanism; the detection device includes a sampling mechanism 1, an image acquisition part 2 and a seed conveyor belt 3;

[0029] The sampling mechanism 1 comprises a translation part capable of translation relative to the grain outlet a and a translation driving mechanism 13, wherein the translation driving mechanism 13 enables the translation part to move between a first point position and a second point position;

[0030] The translation part includes a comb-tooth portion 11 and a material trough 12 arranged in an upper and lower manner, that is, the material trough 12 is placed directly below the comb-tooth portion 11; the comb-tooth portion 11 includes a plurality of V-shaped units 11a arranged in a linear array, the middle of the V-shaped unit 11a is low and the two ends are high; the bottom of the material trough 12 has a straight-line discharge port 12a. The seeding conveyor belt 3 is placed on the side of the grain discharge port a; when the translation part is located at the first point position, the translation part is placed as a whole below the grain discharge port a, and the discharge port 12a leaves the seeding conveyor belt 3; when the translation part is located at the second point position, the translation part is offset relative to the bottom of the grain discharge port a, and the discharge port 12a is located at the head end of the seeding conveyor belt 3.

[0031] Preferably, the image acquisition part 2 includes a first camera 21 and a second camera 22. When the translation part is at the second point position, the first camera 21 and the second camera 22 are respectively placed above the comb tooth part 11 and the seed conveyor belt 3; the first camera 21 and the second camera 22 are respectively used for images of the comb tooth part 11 and the seed conveyor belt 3.

[0032] With the above structure, in the initial state, the translation part is at the second point position. When detection is required, the translation drive mechanism 13 drives the translation part to move to the first point position. At this time, the highland barley material falling from the grain outlet a falls on the translation mechanism, and the highland barley material first passes through the comb tooth portion 11 and then enters the trough 12. In the process of the highland barley material passing through the comb tooth portion 11, part of the highland barley awns in the material are blocked by the comb tooth portion 11, and converge to the middle part of the comb tooth portion 11 under the impact of the flowing highland barley material, and adjust the posture of the inclined highland barley awns, and the highland barley grains in the highland barley material pass through the gap between the V-shaped units 11a and fall into the trough 12. After the translation part stays at the first point position for a preset time, the translation drive mechanism 13 returns the translation part to the second point position, and the first camera 21 obtains the image of the comb tooth portion 11 from above. Then, the seeding conveyor belt 3 is operated, and the highland barley grains in the trough 12 are gradually put into the seeding conveyor belt 3 and arranged thereon. As the seeding conveyor belt 3 is operated, the second camera 22 continuously acquires images of a portion of the seeding conveyor belt 3 .

[0033] The control system processes the image acquired by the first camera 21, and can obtain the number and length of the highland barley awns on the comb tooth portion 11, and evaluate the impurity content of the highland barley material. By placing the highland barley grains in the trough 12 and arranging them on the seeding conveyor belt 3, the highland barley grains in the image acquired by the second camera 22 are clearly distinguished, and the image of the highland barley grains can be easily extracted and distinguished, and the damaged highland barley grains can be effectively identified, and the statistics of the damage rate are accurate.

[0034] Through the above structure, the highland barley awns and grains in the highland barley material can be effectively sampled separately, and by collecting and analyzing images of the highland barley awns and the highland barley grains arranged on the seed conveyor belt 3, the parameters such as the awn content, the average length of the highland barley awns, and the breakage rate of the highland barley material can be effectively obtained. The operation of other components in the harvester can be adjusted accordingly, and the intelligent control of the harvester can be realized. Specifically, when the average length of the highland barley awns is long, the operating frequency of the threshing mechanism should be increased to improve the awn crushing effect; when the breakage rate is high, the operating frequency of the threshing mechanism should be reduced to reduce the breakage rate; when the awn content is high, the cleaning intensity of the cleaning mechanism should be increased.

[0035] Preferably, a dividing wheel 14 is installed in the material trough 12, and the dividing wheel 14 can rotate relative to the material trough 12 under the action of the first motor 15; the dividing wheel 14 has a plurality of accommodating grooves 14a arranged in a circular array, and the accommodating grooves 14a are long strips, and their extension direction is parallel to the axial direction of the dividing wheel 14; the material trough 12 has an arc-shaped protective wall 12b that fits with the outer wall of the dividing wheel 14. As the dividing wheel 14 rotates, the accommodating groove 14a passes through the barley grains in the accommodating groove 14a, and the barley grains in the accommodating groove 14a fill the accommodating groove 14a. Under the maintenance of the arc-shaped protective wall 12b, the accommodating groove 14a brings a horizontal strip of barley grains to the discharge port 12a, and the discharge port 12a puts the barley grains brought by the accommodating groove 14a into the seeding conveyor belt 3. As the seeding conveyor belt 3 runs, evenly distributed strips of barley grains are formed on the upper surface of its upper belt segment.

[0036] Preferably, the comb teeth 11 are V-shaped thin sheets, and the end faces of the thin sheets are vertically arranged, so that the structural strength of the comb teeth 11 can be ensured, and the comb teeth 11 can be prevented from blocking the passage of highland barley grains.

[0037] Preferably, the translation drive mechanism 13 includes a second motor 131, a gear 132 and a rack 133; the rack 133 is fixed relative to the position of the grain outlet a, and the second motor 131 is installed on the outer wall of the trough 12; the gear 132 is fixed on the output shaft of the trough 12, and the gear 132 is meshed with the rack 133. By driving the gear 132 to rotate, the sampling mechanism 1 can be translated to achieve the movement of the sampling mechanism 1 between two points.

[0038] Preferably, the side of the material trough 12 has an openable door 16, the door 16 can rotate relative to the material trough 12, and an opening and closing driving element 17 is connected between the material trough 12 and the door 16. In this embodiment, the opening and closing driving element 17 is an electric push rod.

[0039] With the above structure, when a detection operation is completed and the sampling mechanism 1 returns to the first position, the opening and closing driving element 17 drives the door 16 to open, so that most of the highland barley grains in the trough 12 can be discharged. At the same time, the first motor 15 drives the material distribution wheel 14 to operate and discharge the remaining highland barley grains in the silo, so that the next sampling can be carried out, and it is ensured that all the samples of the previous time are discharged, which does not affect the next sampling and detection.

[0040] In addition, a mask 18 is also installed on the trough 12, and the mask 18 can slide relative to the trough 12. Specifically, a guide rod 19 for guiding the mask 18 is installed on the trough 12, and a translation drive element 110 is connected between the trough 12 and the mask 18. In this embodiment, the translation drive element 110 is an electric push rod. When each sampling is completed and the sampling mechanism 1 reaches the second point, the translation drive element 110 drives the mask 18 to translate so that the mask 18 is placed between the comb tooth portion 11 and the trough 12. In this way, on the one hand, it is convenient for the first camera 21 to obtain an image of the barley awn part, avoiding the image containing the part of the trough 12 in the image, which increases the difficulty of image analysis. On the other hand, after the detection is completed, the sampling mechanism 1 returns to the first point, and before the remaining grains in the trough 12 are completely discharged, the mask 18 blocks the top of the trough 12 to prevent new grains from entering until all the old grains are discharged and the mask 18 leaves the top of the trough 12.

[0041] An air jet 111 is installed on the mask 18 . After the first camera 21 acquires the image, the air jet 111 blows away the barley awns on the comb-tooth portion 11 .

[0042] Preferably, the belt surface of the seeding conveyor belt 3 has retaining grooves 31 arranged in a linear array, and the receiving grooves 14a of the dividing wheel 14 put the barley grains into each retaining groove 31, so that the grains can be kept basically fixed relative to the seeding conveyor belt 3.

[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent control harvester for harvesting highland barley, comprising a harvesting platform, a threshing mechanism, a cleaning mechanism, a grain conveying pipe and a granary, wherein a detection device for detecting impurity content and breakage rate is installed at a grain outlet (a) of the grain conveying pipe, the detection device is connected to a control system, and the control system can adjust the operating parameters of the harvesting platform, the threshing mechanism and the cleaning mechanism; the detection device comprises a sampling mechanism (1), an image acquisition part (2) and a seed conveyor belt (3); the characteristics are: The sampling mechanism (1) comprises a translation part capable of translation relative to the grain outlet (a) and a translation driving mechanism (13), wherein the translation driving mechanism (13) enables the translation part to move between two positions: a first position and a second position; The translation part comprises an upper and lower comb-tooth portion (11) and a material trough (12); the comb-tooth portion (11) comprises a plurality of V-shaped units (11a) arranged in a linear array, the V-shaped units (11a) being low in the middle and high at both ends; the bottom of the material trough (12) has a straight-line discharge port (12a); The image acquisition part (2) comprises a first camera (21) and a second camera (22), wherein the first camera (21) and the second camera (22) are used to respectively acquire images of the comb tooth portion (11) and the seed conveyor belt (3); The seed conveyor belt (3) is located below the material trough (12).

2. The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material dividing wheel (14) is installed in the material trough (12), and the material dividing wheel (14) can rotate relative to the material trough (12) under the action of a first motor (15); the material dividing wheel (14) has a plurality of accommodating grooves (14a) arranged in a circumferential array.

3. The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comb tooth portion (11) is a V-shaped thin sheet, and the end surface of the thin sheet is vertically arranged.

4. The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation drive mechanism (13) comprises a second motor (131), a gear (132) and a rack (133); the rack (133) is fixed relative to the position of the grain outlet (a), and the second motor (131) is mounted on the outer wall of the trough (12); the gear (132) is fixed on the output shaft of the trough (12), and the gear (132) is meshed with the rack (133).

5. The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the material trough (12) is provided with an openable door (16), the door (16) is rotatable relative to the material trough (12), and an opening and closing driving element (17) is connected between the material trough (12) and the door (16).

6. The intelligent control harvester for highland barley harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt surface of the seeding conveyor belt (3) is provided with retaining grooves (31) arranged in a linear array.

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