An external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam

Abstract

The present invention discloses an external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam, comprising a baling component, a fixed bin wall, a movable bin wall, a cam, a screw driving block, a screw, a limit fork, and a material-diverting plate. The cam comprises a cam shaft, a cam surface, and a cam limiter. The four cam surfaces are arranged in a rhombus shape around the cam shaft and are connected with rounded corners. The material-diverting plate comprises a material-diverting plate shaft, a limit plate, a spring hanging hole, an inner arc surface, an outer arc surface, and a circular arc surface. The rotation and translational motion of the cam can be reasonably utilized to reduce the throwing and dispersion effect of materials in the early stage of baling, accelerate the formation of grass cores and increase the density of grass cores, and improve the uniformity of the radial local density of the straw bale. The limit fork and the material-diverting plate structure also improve the safety of the device during use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural harvesting technology and equipment, and particularly relates to an external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam. Background Art

[0002] Balers can bundle loose forage, feed, straw, soybean meal, cotton wool, and other agricultural by-products into denser, more regularly shaped bales. Combined with film wrapping equipment, they can also be used to create silage bales. Balers improve the harvesting, storage, and utilization efficiency of forage and crop waste, reduce mechanization costs, and play a vital role in agricultural harvesting. External wrap balers are a major type of round baler. Because the baling components are arranged around the baling bin, they cannot effectively compact the material fed into the bale during the initial bale formation process. This results in an uneven density distribution of the final bale, with a loose interior and tight exterior. Furthermore, this uneven density distribution of the material can lead to variations in the oxygen content within the silage bale, further impacting the fermentation quality of the silage. Therefore, the uneven density distribution of bales produced by external wrap round balers limits further improvements in overall bale density and bale fermentation quality.

[0003] Figure 1 This is a typical arrangement of the baling components of an external winding round baler in the prior art and the movement of the material in the initial stage of baling. In fact, it is the rotational movement of the material in the baling chamber. Figure 2 Typical images obtained during a rotation test to reference the dimensions and motion parameters of an external wrapping round baler. Both images show that during the initial bale formation phase, the fed material, driven by the baling components, rises along the outer perimeter of the baling chamber (a), followed by a dispersed, ejected stream (b), with a stable hollow area or material cluster forming between the two areas (c). The ejected motion in the upper left (when viewing the figure from the front) loosens the material, hindering its accumulation and compaction during the bale formation process. Therefore, limiting this ejected, dispersed flow is key to solving the problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam, which can limit the throwing and dispersion effect during the baling process, accelerate material accumulation and improve the densification degree, and further increase the core density and overall density of the straw bale.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention solves the problem through the following technical solution: an external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam includes a bundling component, a fixed bin wall, a movable bin wall, a cam, a screw drive block, a screw, a limit fork, and a material diverter plate.

[0006] The bundling components are arranged in a ring, their inner surface forming the outer circle of the bin. The opening on the lower left side of the outer circle, where no bundling components are located, serves as the feed port. Material is continuously fed through the feed port. Driven by external power and transmission, the bundling components drive the material in a counterclockwise rotational motion along the outer circle, which represents the maximum movement boundary of the material.

[0007] The fixed silo walls are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bundled components. The structures on them are also arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner about the bundled components, including the chute, upper limit sensor, lower limit sensor, and spring mounting plate. The fixed silo walls are fixed components and also serve as a frame to support other components.

[0008] The movable walls are symmetrically arranged on either side of the bundling components and hinged to the fixed walls at the door hinge. They can rotate around the door hinge under external power to open and close the bunker. The curves of the movable walls in contact with the fixed walls are identical, ensuring a completely sealed bunker when closed.

[0009] The cam includes a cam shaft, a cam surface, and a cam limiter.

[0010] The camshaft is a shaft that runs through the center of the cam and slides with the chute, allowing the cam to move up and down in the chute under external power. At the same time, external power acts on both ends of the camshaft, causing the cam as a whole to rotate around the camshaft.

[0011] The four cam surfaces are arranged in a diamond shape around the camshaft and are connected by rounded corners.

[0012] The cam limiters are located on the camshaft and symmetrically arranged on either side of the cam surface. The cam limiters are rounded rectangles with a distance B between their long sides and a distance r between the farthest point on the rounded rectangle and its center. The cam limiters are rotated relative to the cam surface at an angle α, centered on the camshaft's centerline.

[0013] The screw drive block is fixed to the exterior of the fixed bin wall, which is relatively independent of the entire device. The upper rod of the screw engages with the screw drive block, while the lower ring rotates in conjunction with the camshaft. The screw drive block and the screw are also symmetrically arranged on either side of the bundled components. The screw drive block receives external control signals and drives the screw up and down, which in turn drives the cam up and down.

[0014] The limit fork is fixed to the outer side of the screw drive block. Compared to the entire device, the limit fork is fixed to the screw drive block at the top. The bottom has a special-shaped opening slot, which is connected by the limit adjustment surface and the limit surface arc. The diameter of the two limit adjustment surfaces is 2r, and the width between the two limit surfaces is B.

[0015] The material-diverting plate comprises a material-diverting plate shaft, a limiting plate, a spring hanging hole, an inner arc surface, an outer arc surface, and a circular arc surface.

[0016] The stripper plate shaft is a shaft that passes through the center of the stripper plate and is rotatably matched with the circular hole on the fixed bin wall.

[0017] The limit plate is a fixed part at both ends of the feed plate shaft, and the spring mounting hole is located at one end of the limit plate shaft. A tension spring is mounted between the spring mounting hole and the spring mounting plate, allowing the feed plate to rotate upward as much as possible. The inner arc surface, outer arc surface, and circular arc surface are connected end to end in sequence. The circular arc surface has a radius of R and is coaxial with the feed plate shaft. The inner arc surface and the outer arc surface both have a radius of R and are connected by a fillet with a radius of R. The fillet with a radius of R is smaller than the fillet radius of the end of the cam surface.

[0018] The upward rotation of the feed plate can only move until the limit plate abuts, triggering the upper limit sensor. Under the influence of other forces, the feed plate can also rotate downward, up to the point where the limit plate abuts, triggering the lower limit sensor. The allowable rotation range of the limit plate between the upper and lower limit sensors is angle β.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. The cam surface on the cam and the translation, rotation or combined movement of the cam itself can produce a forced interference effect on the movement and deformation of loose materials, thrown materials and straw bales during use. It can be properly used to reduce the dispersion effect of throwing in the early stage of bale formation, accelerate the formation of straw cores and increase straw core density, and improve the uniformity of the radial local density of straw bales;

[0021] 2. During use, when the cam moves upward driven by the lead screw, if the long side of the cam limit does not coincide with the limit surface, the outer periphery of the cam limit will contact the limit adjustment surface and prevent the cam from moving further upward, preventing the cam surface from colliding with the bundled components, thereby improving the safety of the device during use;

[0022] 3. When, for various reasons, materials squeeze into the space between the stripper plate and the bundled components, forcing the stripper plate to rotate downward, when the amount of materials is large enough to make the limit plate close to it and trigger the lower limit sensor, an abnormal alarm will be issued, and the device will stop working through manual or automatic system control, thereby improving the safety of the device during use; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a typical external wrapping round baler with a layout of baling components and a form of material movement in the initial stage of baling.

[0024] Figure 2 Typical images obtained from the rotation test based on the dimensions and motion parameters of the external wrapping round baler;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the device structure;

[0026] Figure 4 For the device Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 5 To hide the fixed warehouse wall, movable warehouse wall, screw drive block and limit fork from the front view Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cam structure;

[0029] Figure 7 It is the front view of the cam;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the limit fork;

[0031] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the material transfer plate;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a full cross-sectional diagram of the material shifting plate;

[0033] Figure 11 for Figure 4 An enlarged diagram of the hidden lead screw during the limit adjustment stage at position I in the middle;

[0034] Figure 12 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the full section of the limit adjustment stage at position I in the middle;

[0035] Figure 13 for Figure 4 The cam at position I in the middle moves to its normal uppermost position, showing an enlarged schematic diagram of the hidden lead screw;

[0036] Figure 14 for Figure 4 The middle I is a full-section enlarged schematic diagram of the cam moving to the uppermost normal state;

[0037] Figure 15 for Figure 4 The cam at position I in the middle moves to the uppermost abnormal state, and the enlarged schematic diagram of the hidden screw;

[0038] Figure 16 for Figure 4 The full-section enlarged schematic diagram of the cam at position I in the middle showing an abnormal state when the cam moves to the uppermost position;

[0039] In the figure, the accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0040] 0 Warehouse door hinge points 1 Bundled parts 2 Fixed warehouse wall 201 chute 202 Upper limit sensor 203 Lower limit sensor 204 Spring mounting plate 3 Movable warehouse wall 4 Cam 401 camshaft 402 Cam surface 403 Cam limit 5 Screw drive block 6 Lead Screw 7 Limit fork 701 Limit adjustment surface 702 Limiting surface 9 Diverter plate 901 Diverter plate shaft 902 Limiting plate 903 Spring mounting hole 904 inner cambered surface 905 outer curved surface 906 Arc surface 10 Warehouse outer circle 20 Feeding port DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 2-Figure 16 ,

[0042] An external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam comprises a baling component 1, a fixed bin wall 2, a movable bin wall 3, a cam 4, a screw drive block 5, a screw 6, a limit fork 7, and a material shifting plate 9.

[0043] The bundling components 1 are arranged in a ring, their inner surface forming a bin outer circle 10. The opening to the lower left of bin outer circle 10, where no bundling components 1 are located, serves as a feed port 20. Material is continuously fed through feed port 20. Driven by external power and transmission, the bundling components 1 drive the material in a counterclockwise rotational motion along bin outer circle 10. These components, in turn, limit the volume increase of the bale during the final stages of bundling, thereby transforming the bale from a loose state to a dense state. Bin outer circle 10 represents the maximum movement boundary for the material.

[0044] The fixed warehouse wall 2 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bundled components 1. The structure on it is also arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to the bundled components 1, including the slide 201, the upper limit sensor 202, the lower limit sensor 203, and the spring mounting plate 204. The fixed warehouse wall 2 is a fixed component and also serves as a frame to support other components.

[0045] The movable walls 3 are symmetrically arranged on either side of the bundling components 1 and hinged to the fixed walls 2 at the door hinge point 0. They can rotate about the door hinge point 0 under external power to open and close the bundling compartment. The curves of the movable walls 3 and the fixed walls 2 at their contact points are identical, ensuring a completely sealed bundling compartment when closed.

[0046] The cam 4 includes a cam shaft 401 , a cam surface 402 , and a cam limiter 403 .

[0047] The camshaft 401 is a shaft that runs through the center of the cam 4 and is in sliding engagement with the chute 201, enabling external power to drive the cam 4 up and down in the chute 201. Simultaneously, external power acting on both ends of the camshaft 401 can cause the cam 4 to rotate around the camshaft 401.

[0048] The four cam surfaces 402 are arranged in a diamond shape around the camshaft 401 and connected by rounded corners. The cam surfaces 402 on the cam 4 and the translation, rotation, or combined motion of the cam 4 itself can exert a forced interference effect on the movement and deformation of loose material, thrown material, and the bale during use. This is a core working component that reduces the initial dispersion of thrown material, accelerates the formation of the straw core, increases the straw core density, and improves the uniformity of the radial local density of the straw bale.

[0049] The cam stoppers 403 are located on the camshaft 401 and are symmetrically arranged on either side of the cam surface 401. The cam stoppers 403 are rounded rectangles with a distance B between their long sides and a distance r between the farthest point on the rounded rectangle and its center. With the centerline of the camshaft 401 as the center, the cam stoppers 403 and the cam surface 402 are rotated at an angle α.

[0050] The screw drive block 5 is fixed to the exterior of the fixed bin wall 201. Compared to the entire device, the upper rod of the screw 6 engages with the screw drive block 5, while the lower ring rotates in conjunction with the camshaft 401. The screw drive block 5 and the screw 6 are also symmetrically arranged on either side of the bundled components 1. The screw drive block 5 receives external control signals and drives the screw 6 up and down, further driving the cam 4 up and down.

[0051] The limit fork 7 is fixed to the outer side of the screw drive block 5. Compared to the entire device, the limit fork 7 is fixed to the screw drive block 5 at the top and has a special-shaped opening at the bottom. It is formed by a limit adjustment surface 701 and a limit surface 702 connected by an arc. The diameter of the two limit adjustment surfaces 701 is 2r, and the width between the two limit surfaces 702 is B.

[0052] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 The figure shows the limit adjustment stage: during use, when cam 4 moves upward under the drive of lead screw 6, if the long side of cam limit 403 does not coincide with limit surface 702, the outer periphery of cam limit 403 contacts limit adjustment surface 701, preventing further upward movement of cam 4 and preventing cam surface 402 from colliding with the bundling component 1. Only when cam 4 rotates further under external power until the long side of cam limit 403 coincides with limit surface 702 can cam 4 move further upward under the drive of lead screw 6. When cam 4 moves to the uppermost position allowed by chute 201 under the drive of lead screw 6, the deflection angle α is applied, and the cam surface 402 is in close contact with the outer periphery 10 of the bin, preventing collision with the moving bundling component 1.

[0053] The material-diverting plate 9 includes a material-diverting plate shaft 901 , a limiting plate 902 , a spring hanging hole 903 , an inner arc surface 904 , an outer arc surface 905 , and an arc surface 906 .

[0054] The stripper plate shaft 901 is an axis that passes through the center of the stripper plate 9 and rotates with the circular hole on the fixed warehouse wall 2.

[0055] The limit plate 902 is a fixed part at both ends of the stripper plate shaft 901, and the spring mounting hole 903 is at one end of the limit plate 902 away from the stripper plate shaft 901. A tension spring is mounted between the spring mounting hole 903 and the spring mounting plate 204, so that the stripper plate 9 can rotate upward as much as possible. The inner arc surface 904, the outer arc surface 905 and the circular arc surface 906 are connected end to end in sequence. The circular arc surface 906 has a radius of R1 and is coaxial with the stripper plate shaft 901. The radius of the inner arc surface 904 and the outer arc surface 905 are both R3, and are connected by a fillet with a radius of R2. The fillet with a radius of R2 is smaller than the fillet radius of the end of the cam surface 402.

[0056] like Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, the upward rotational movement of the stripper plate 9 can move up to the point where the limit plate 902 abuts and triggers the upper limit sensor 202. Under the action of other forces, the stripper plate 9 can also move downward to the point where the limit plate 902 abuts and triggers the lower limit sensor 203. The range of rotation allowed for the limit plate 902 between the upper limit sensor 202 and the lower limit sensor 203 is an angle β.

[0057] like Figure 13 and 14 The figure shows the cam 4 in its normal state when it moves to the uppermost position: During use, especially in the later stage of the bundling process, the cam 4 should be kept as close to the outer circle 10 of the bin as possible. When the cam 4 moves to the uppermost position allowed by the chute 201 under the drive of the lead screw 6, the cam surface 402 is in close contact with the outer circle 10 of the bin. Only a very small amount of material can pass between the cam surface 402 and the bundling component 1. Ideally, no material should pass through, otherwise it will affect the flow of material and even damage the device components. Under normal conditions, under the action of the spring, the limit plate 902 of the material stripper plate 9 is in close contact with the upper limit sensor 202, and the fillet with a radius of R2 is in close contact with the outer circle 10 of the bin. Because the fillet with a radius of R2 is smaller than the fillet radius of the end of the cam surface 402, it can effectively prevent material from entering between the cam 4 or the material stripper plate 9 and the bundling component 1. The inner arc surface 904 can guide the material. The force of the material flow on the inner arc surface 904 will generate an upward rotation torque on the material stripper plate 9, forming a greater combined force with the spring. At the same time, the downward extension line of the inner arc surface 904 does not intersect with the cam surface 402 , which can prevent the material flow from entering between the arc surface 906 and the cam surface 402 and reduce the impact and extrusion of the material flow on the cam 4 .

[0058] like Figure 15 and Figure 16The diagram shows an abnormal state in which cam 4 has reached its uppermost position. For various reasons, material may squeeze into the space between the stripper plate 9 and the bundling unit 1, forcing the stripper plate 9 to rotate downward. The outer curved surface 905 also serves as a flow diversion mechanism. When the material volume is sufficient to force the stop plate 902 into contact and trigger the lower limit sensor 203, an abnormality alarm is sounded, and operation is stopped manually or automatically by the system control device.

Claims

1. An external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam, comprising a plurality of baling components (1), a fixed bin wall (2), a movable bin wall (3), a cam (4), a screw drive block (5), a screw (6), a limit fork (7), and a material-diverting plate (9); the plurality of baling components (1) are arranged in a ring, and their inner surfaces form a bin outer circle (10); an opening at the lower left of the bin outer circle (10) where no baling components (1) are arranged is a feeding port (20); materials are continuously fed from the feeding port (20); the plurality of baling components (1) can drive the materials in the bin to rotate counterclockwise along the bin outer circle (10) under the action of external power and transmission, and the bin outer circle (10) is the maximum movement boundary of the materials; The cam (4) includes a cam shaft (401), a cam surface (402), and a cam limiter (403); the cam shaft (401) is a through shaft in the center of the cam (4), and is slidably matched with the slide groove (201), so that the cam (4) can move up and down in the slide groove (201) under the drive of external power; at the same time, the external power acts on both ends of the cam shaft (401), so that the cam (4) as a whole can rotate around the cam shaft (401); the screw drive block (5) is fixed to the outer side of the fixed warehouse wall (2), the upper rod of the screw (6) is matched with the screw drive block (5), and the lower ring is rotatably matched with the cam shaft (401), and the screw drive block (5) and the screw (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plurality of bundled components (1); the screw drive block (5) can receive an external control signal and drive the screw (6) to move up and down, and further drive the cam (4) to move up and down; Four cam surfaces (402) are arranged in a rhombus shape around the cam shaft (401) and connected by rounded corners; the cam limiter (403) is provided on the cam shaft (401) and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cam surface (402); the cam limiter (403) is a rounded rectangle with a distance B between the two long sides and a distance r from the farthest point on the rounded rectangle to the center; with the center line of the cam shaft (401) as the center, the cam limiter (403) and the cam surface (402) have a deflection angle α as a whole.

2. The external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed warehouse wall (2) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plurality of bundled components (1), and the structure thereon is also arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to the bundled components (1), including a slide groove (201), an upper limit sensor (202), a lower limit sensor (203), and a spring mounting plate (204); the fixed warehouse wall (2) is a fixed component and also serves as a frame to bear other components; the material-diverting plate (9) that rotates upward can move at most until the limit plate (902) is in close contact with and triggers the upper limit sensor (202); under the action of other forces, the material-diverting plate (9) can also rotate downward, at most until the limit plate (902) is in close contact with and triggers the lower limit sensor (203); between the upper limit sensor (202) and the lower limit sensor (203), the range of rotation of the limit plate (902) is an angle β.

3. The external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable warehouse wall (3) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the plurality of bundled components (1), and is hinged to the fixed warehouse wall (2) at a warehouse door hinge point (0), and can rotate around the warehouse door hinge point (0) under the action of external power to realize opening and closing of the warehouse.

4. The external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limit fork (7) is fixed to the outer side surface of the screw drive block (5), the limit fork (7) is fixed to the screw drive block (5) through the upper part, and has a special-shaped opening groove at the lower part, which is formed by connecting the limit adjustment surface (701) and the limit surface (702) in an arc. The diameter of the two limit adjustment surfaces (701) is 2r, and the width between the two limit surfaces (702) is B.

5. The external winding baling device with a built-in adjustable cam according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material-diverting plate (9) comprises a material-diverting plate shaft (901), a limiting plate (902), a spring-mounting hole (903), an inner arc surface (904), an outer arc surface (905), and an arc surface (906); the material-diverting plate shaft (901) is a shaft that passes through the center of the material-diverting plate (9) and is rotatably matched with the circular hole on the fixed bin wall (2); the limiting plate (902) is a fixed part at both ends of the material-diverting plate shaft (901), and the spring-mounting hole (903) is at the end of the limiting plate (902) away from the material-diverting plate shaft (901). A tension spring is connected between the connecting hole (903) and the spring connecting plate (204), so that the material stripping plate (9) can rotate upward as much as possible; the inner arc surface (904), the outer arc surface (905) and the circular arc surface (906) are connected end to end in sequence, the circular arc surface (906) has a radius of R1, and is coaxial with the material stripping plate shaft (901), the inner arc surface (904) and the outer arc surface (905) both have a radius of R3, and are connected by a fillet with a radius of R2, and the fillet with a radius of R2 is smaller than the fillet radius of the end of the cam surface (402).

Images