Land-based breeding method of pinctada martensii

Abstract

The invention discloses a land-based culture method for pinctada martensii. The land-based culture method comprises the following steps: 1) injecting artificial seawater into a pearl culture pool; and 2) putting the nucleus-inserted and recuperated pinctada martensii into a pearl culture pool, respectively feeding different feeds in spring, summer, autumn and winter in a culture period, and collecting pearls after culturing for 3-18 months. According to the method, the Pinctada martensii is bred for 3 months on a land base, the thickness of a pearl layer reaches 0.249-0.510 mm, the survival rate of the Pinctada martensii in the nursing period is larger than or equal to 98%, and the survival rate of the Pinctada martensii in the pearl breeding period is larger than or equal to 95%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of Pinctada martensii culture, and more specifically, relates to a land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii. Background Art

[0002] Pinctada martensii belongs to the phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia, order Pectinidae, genus Pectinidae, and is an important shellfish for cultivating seawater pearls. The pearls it produces are called "Southern Pearls". The production of seawater pearls cultivated by Pinctada martensii accounts for more than 95% of China's seawater pearl production, and has extremely high economic value.

[0003] At present, the aquaculture of South Pearl in my country is greatly increased due to the impact of wind and waves, pollution to varying degrees, and the presence of many diseases in the aquaculture area. The pearl cultivation time is less than one year, and pearls are forced to be harvested when the pearl layer is thin, resulting in low pearl production efficiency and poor economic benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method of aquaculture of Pinctada martensii using artificial seawater in land-based pearl cultivation pools. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii, which can culture Pinctada martensii in a pearl culture pond using artificial seawater and promote the rapid growth of the pearl nacre.

[0006] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages of the present invention, a land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii is provided, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] 1) Inject artificial seawater into the pearl culture pond;

[0008] 2) Put the nucleus-inserted and rested Pinctada martensii into the pearl culture pond and feed them with different feeds in spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively. After 3-18 months of culture, pearls can be harvested.

[0009] Preferably, the artificial seawater has a dissolved oxygen content of 5.70-9.0 mg / L, a chemical oxygen demand of 0.18-1.2 mg / L, and a pH of 7.85-8.5.

[0010] Preferably, the artificial seawater contains the following raw material components in the following concentrations: sodium chloride 16-32 mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0002-0.007 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.003-0.150 mg / L, nitrite 0.0000-0.0010 mg / L, nitrate 0.000-0.01 mg / L, copper 0.0002-0.0016 mg / L, zinc 0.0003-0.0420 mg / L, cadmium 0.00001-0.0 0030mg / L, total phosphorus 0.008-0.020mg / L, chromium 0.0001mg / L-0.4mg / L, calcium carbonate 0.001-0.2mg / L, boron 0.0001-4.4mg / L, magnesium 0.0001-1.28g / L, strontium 0.0001-7.0mg / L, iron 0.001-0.2mg / L, molybdenum 0.0001-0.0002mg / L, manganese 0.0001-0.001mg / L.

[0011] Preferably, the water temperature of the pearl breeding pond is 26-29°C.

[0012] Preferably, the nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in a pearl culture pond for cultivation, with the cages 0.8-1 m above the water surface and the distance between cages being 0.5-1.0 m.

[0013] Preferably, the method for raising the Pinctada martensii in the pearl culture pond is to feed the Pinctada martensii oysters three times a day, feeding 50-3000 g of algae material per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning, feeding 50-3000 g of algae material and 0.1-1 kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters at noon, and feeding 0.5-1.5 kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the evening;

[0014] Specifically, when the pearl breeding time is spring, the algae substances released are green algae and diatoms, and 50-500g of green algae and 50-500g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters;

[0015] When the pearl cultivation time is summer, the algae substances added are 250-1000g of green algae and 250-1000g of blue algae;

[0016] When the pearl cultivation time is autumn, the algae substances added are 500-1500g of green algae and 500-1500g of blue algae;

[0017] When the pearl cultivation time is winter, the algae materials added are 10-100g of snow algae, 10-50g of snow spiral wing algae, 10-100g of short-spined top spiny algae, 10-100g of middle-band drum algae and 10-100g of horn algae;

[0018] When the pearl cultivation time is spring, the first artificial feed put in has a protein content of ≤35% and a fat content of ≤5%; wherein the first artificial feed contains green algae and diatoms;

[0019] When the pearl cultivation time is summer, the second artificial feed has a protein content of ≥35% and a fat content of ≥5%; wherein the second artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae;

[0020] When the pearl cultivation time is autumn, the third artificial feed has a protein content of ≥50% and a fat content of ≥6%; wherein the third artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae;

[0021] When the pearl cultivation time is winter, the protein content of the fourth artificial feed is ≥60%, and the fat content is ≥7%; wherein the fourth artificial feed contains green algae.

[0022] Preferably, the first artificial feed comprises 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of diatoms, 0-35 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1-3 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone;

[0023] The second artificial feed comprises 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of blue algae, 35-50 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone;

[0024] The third artificial feed contains 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of blue algae, 55-60 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone;

[0025] The fourth artificial feed contains 10-30 parts of green algae, 62-70 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0-10.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 part of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

[0026] Preferably, the green algae is one or more of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Discoideum, and Closterium; the diatom is one or more of Flat Algae, Cyclostridium, Pinnate Algae, Navicula, and Rhizocystis; the cyanobacteria is one or more of Spirulina, Aphanizomenon, Sciaenida, Microcystis, and Nodularia.

[0027] Preferably, the method for inserting a nucleus of Pinctada martensii comprises the following steps:

[0028] 1) Place the Pinctada martensii into mesh cages and temporarily culture them in artificial seawater for 10-20 days without feeding them to reduce fat;

[0029] 2) sterilizing the bead nucleus with ozone, implanting the sterilized bead nucleus into the nacre sac of the Pinctada martensii, and attaching a small piece of mantle membrane on the surface of the bead nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii oyster with a nucleus inserted.

[0030] Preferably, the resting method of the nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii is to place the Pinctada martensii into a nursing and breeding cage for 15-30 days after the operation, the water temperature of the nursing is 25-28°C, and the Pinctada martensii is put into a pearl breeding pond after the resting period.

[0031] The first liquid bait is prepared by dissolving 20 g of peptone and 100 mg of vitamin C in 1000 ml of distilled water to prepare the first liquid bait.

[0032] On the 4th to 7th day, 100 mg of vitamin C, 50 g of bean protein powder and 20 g of peptone were fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning.

[0033] At noon, 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C were fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters; in the evening, 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder were fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters;

[0034] On the 8th to 12th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-2%, and the protein content was 30-35%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free bean protein powder.

[0035] On the 13th to 15th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder is 1-3%, and the protein content is 35-40%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 40g of spiral algae active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder.

[0036] On the 16th to 30th day, feed once in the morning, noon and evening, and each time feed 100 mg of vitamin C, 100 g of bean protein powder, 30 g of peptone, 50 g of mung bean powder and 40 g of diatoms for every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0037] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] First, the present invention realizes the cultivation of Pinctada martensii oysters using artificial seawater in a pearl culture pond for the first time, and the survival rate of Pinctada martensii oysters during the nursing period is ≥98%, and the survival rate during the pearl culture period is ≥95%.

[0039] Second, the Pinctada martensii cultured by the culture method of the present invention has the characteristics of fast growth, fat snail meat, and can significantly promote the thickening of the nacre layer.

[0040] Thirdly, the invention adds bentonite and sea stone to the artificial feed to promote the healthy growth of Pinctada martensii and purify water quality.

[0041] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultured in spring according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultured in summer according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultured in autumn according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultivated in winter according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultured in autumn and winter according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultured in winter and spring of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a photo of the Pinctada martensii cultured in spring and summer of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 These are photos of the Pinctada martensii cultured in summer and autumn according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0051] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0052] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0053] A land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii comprises the following steps:

[0054] 1) Inject artificial seawater into the pearl culture pond;

[0055] 2) Put the nucleus-inserted and rested Pinctada martensii into the pearl culture pond and feed them with different feeds in spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively. After 3-18 months of culture, pearls can be harvested.

[0056] In another embodiment, the artificial seawater has a dissolved oxygen content of 5.70-9.0 mg / L, a chemical oxygen demand of 0.18-1.2 mg / L, and a pH of 7.85-8.5.

[0058] In another embodiment, the artificial seawater comprises the following raw material components in the following concentrations: sodium chloride 16-32 mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0002-0.007 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.003-0.150 mg / L, nitrite 0.0000-0.0010 mg / L, nitrate 0.000-0.01 mg / L, copper 0.0002-0.0016 mg / L, zinc 0.0003-0.0420 mg / L, cadmium 0.00001-0.00030 mg / L, total phosphorus 0. 008-0.020mg / L, chromium 0.0001mg / L-0.4mg / L, calcium carbonate 0.001-0.2mg / L, boron 0.0001-4.4mg / L, magnesium 0.0001-1.28g / L, strontium 0.0001-7.0mg / L, iron 0.001-0.2mg / L, molybdenum 0.0001-0.0002mg / L, manganese 0.0001-0.001mg / L. The contents of copper, zinc, cadmium, phosphorus, chromium, boron, magnesium, strontium, iron, molybdenum, and manganese are measured by element mass. Copper can be copper ion metal salts such as copper chloride and copper sulfate. Zinc can be zinc ion metal salts such as zinc chloride and zinc sulfate. Cadmium can be cadmium ion metal salts such as cadmium chloride and cadmium sulfate. Phosphorus can be phosphate or hydrogen phosphate or dihydrogen phosphate, etc. Chromium may be a chromium salt such as potassium chromate. Boron may be boric acid or a borate. Magnesium may be a magnesium salt such as magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate. Strontium may be strontium nitrate or strontium chloride. Iron may be ferric chloride. Molybdenum may be a molybdenum salt such as sodium molybdate. Manganese may be magnesium sulfate.

[0059] In another embodiment, the water temperature of the pearl culture pond is 26-29°C.

[0060] In another embodiment, the nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii oysters are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in a pearl culture pond for culture. The cages are 0.8-1 m from the water surface and the distance between cages is 0.5-1.0 m.

[0061] In another embodiment, the method for raising the Pinctada martensii in the pearl culture pond is to feed 3 times a day, feed 50-500g of algae material per 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the morning, feed 50-500g of algae material and 0.1-1.0kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii at noon, and feed 0.5-1.5kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the evening;

[0062] Specifically, when the pearl breeding time is spring, the algae substances released are green algae and diatoms, and 50-500g of green algae and 50-500g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters;

[0063] When the pearl cultivation time is summer, the algae substances added are 250-1000g of green algae and 250-1000g of blue algae;

[0064] When the pearl cultivation time is autumn, the algae substances added are 500-1500g of green algae and 500-1500g of blue algae;

[0065] When the pearls are cultivated in winter, the algae released are 10-100g of snow algae, 10-50g of snow spiral wing algae, 10-100g of short-spined top spiny algae, 10-100g of middle-banded drum algae and 10-100g of horn algae; in spring, the algae released are green algae and diatoms, and 50-100g of green algae and 50-100g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters;

[0066] When the pearl cultivation time is spring, the first artificial feed put in has a protein content of ≤35% and a fat content of ≤5%; wherein the first artificial feed contains green algae and diatoms;

[0067] When the pearl cultivation time is summer, the second artificial feed has a protein content of ≥35% and a fat content of ≥5%; wherein the second artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae;

[0068] When the pearl cultivation time is autumn, the third artificial feed has a protein content of ≥50% and a fat content of ≥6%; wherein the third artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae;

[0069] When the pearl cultivation time is winter, the protein content of the fourth artificial feed is ≥60%, and the fat content is ≥7%; wherein the fourth artificial feed contains green algae.

[0070] In this embodiment, when pearls are cultivated in spring, feeding is performed according to the feeding method in spring, that is, the algae materials added in spring are green algae and diatoms, and the first feed is fed. When pearls are cultivated in summer, feeding is performed according to the feeding method in summer. When pearls are cultivated in autumn, feeding is performed according to the feeding method in autumn. When pearls are cultivated in winter, feeding is performed according to the feeding method in winter. If the cultivation duration spans across seasons, feeding is performed according to the feeding method of the corresponding season.

[0071] In another embodiment, the first artificial feed comprises 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of diatoms, 0-35 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 parts of vegetable fat (soybean oil), 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone;

[0072] The second artificial feed comprises 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of blue algae, 35-50 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat (soybean oil), 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone;

[0073] The third artificial feed contains 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of blue algae, 55-60 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone;

[0074] The fourth artificial feed contains 10-30 parts of green algae, 62-70 parts of soy protein powder, 7-10 parts of fat, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0-10.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

[0075] In another embodiment, the green algae is one or more of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Diskoid, and Closterium; the diatom is one or more of Flat Algae, Cyclospora, Pinnate Algae, Navicula, and Rhizocystis; the cyanobacteria is one or more of Spirulina, Aphanizomenon, Scalycophyte, Microcystis, and Nodularia.

[0076] In another embodiment, the method for inserting a nucleus into a Pinctada martensii comprises the following steps:

[0077] 1) Place the Pinctada martensii into mesh cages and temporarily culture them in artificial seawater for 10-20 days without feeding them to reduce fat;

[0078] 2) sterilizing the bead nucleus with ozone, implanting the sterilized bead nucleus into the nacre sac of the Pinctada martensii, and attaching a small piece of mantle membrane on the surface of the bead nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii oyster with a nucleus inserted.

[0079] In another embodiment, the resting method of the nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii is to place the Pinctada martensii into a nursing and breeding cage for rest and nursing for 15-30 days after the operation, the water temperature of the rest and nursing is 25-28° C., and the Pinctada martensii is put into a pearl breeding pond for stocking after the rest period;

[0080] The first liquid bait is prepared by dissolving 20 g of peptone and 100 mg of vitamin C in 1000 ml of distilled water to prepare the first liquid bait.

[0081] On the 4th to 7th day, 100 mg of vitamin C, 50 g of bean protein powder and 20 g of peptone were fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning.

[0082] At noon, 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C were fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters; in the evening, 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder were fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters;

[0083] On the 8th to 12th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-2%, and the protein content was 30-35%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free bean protein powder.

[0084] On the 13th to 15th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-3%, and the protein content was 35-40%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 40g of spiral algae active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder.

[0085] On the 16th to 30th day, feed once in the morning, noon and evening, and each time feed 100 mg of vitamin C, 100 g of bean protein powder, 30 g of peptone, 50 g of mung bean powder and 40 g of diatoms for every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0086] <Example 1>

[0087] A land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii comprises the following steps:

[0088] 1. Build a pearl breeding pool

[0089] The pearl pond is set up indoors and is round or rectangular in shape with a volume of 30m 3 The water depth is 2m. The pearl breeding pool is well protected from leakage. A constant temperature system for regulating water temperature is set in the pearl breeding pool. The constant temperature system includes a ground pump and a spiral pipe. The spiral pipe is installed on the bottom and wall of the pool. The spiral pipe passes through geothermal circulating water and a water curtain to achieve a constant water temperature of 27±1.5℃.

[0090] 2. Configure aquaculture water

[0091] The aquaculture water is artificial seawater with a dissolved oxygen of 7.0 mg / L, a chemical oxygen demand of 0.3 mg / L, and a pH of 8.0. The components of artificial seawater include 25 mg / L sodium chloride, 0.0005 mg / L chlorophyll a, 0.008 mg / L ammonia nitrogen, 0.0005 mg / L nitrite, 0.005 mg / L nitrate, 0.0012 mg / L copper, 0.0003 mg / L zinc, 0.00010 mg / L cadmium, 0.008 mg / L total phosphorus, 0.01 mg / L chromium, 0.001 mg / L calcium carbonate, 0.001 mg / L boron, 0.05 mg / L magnesium, 0.5 g / L strontium, 0.5 mg / L iron, 0.1 mg / L molybdenum, and 0.0005 mg / L manganese.

[0092] The aquaculture water is connected to the purification tank through a water pump, so that the aquaculture water is purified and filtered through the plant roots and filter screens in the purification tank, and then the aquaculture water is returned to the pearl breeding pond to maintain stable water quality and achieve zero sewage discharge.

[0093] 3. Nucleus implantation of Pinctada martensii

[0094] The Pinctada martensii oysters were placed in mesh cages and temporarily cultured in artificial seawater for 15 days without feeding during this period to reduce fat. The bead nuclei were disinfected with ozone, and the disinfected bead nuclei were implanted into the nacre sac of the Pinctada martensii oysters. A small piece of mantle was attached to the surface of the bead nucleus to obtain the Pinctada martensii oysters with nuclei inserted.

[0095] 4. Rest of Pinctada martensii

[0096] The resting method of the nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii is to place the Pinctada martensii into a nursing cage for 30 days after the operation, and the water temperature for the nursing is 27±1.5℃. After the resting period, the Pinctada martensii is put into the pearl breeding pond for stocking;

[0097] The first liquid bait is prepared by dissolving 20 g of peptone and 100 mg of vitamin C in 1000 ml of distilled water to prepare the first liquid bait.

[0098] On the 4th to 7th day, 100 mg of vitamin C, 50 g of bean protein powder and 20 g of peptone were fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning.

[0099] At noon, 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C were fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters; in the evening, 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder were fed to every 10,000 pearl oysters;

[0100] On the 8th to 12th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-2%, and the protein content was 30-35%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free bean protein powder.

[0101] On the 13th to 15th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-3%, and the protein content was 35-40%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 40g of spiral algae active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder.

[0102] On the 16th to 30th day, feed once in the morning, noon and evening, and each time feed 100 mg of vitamin C, 100 g of bean protein powder, 30 g of peptone, 50 g of mung bean powder and 40 g of diatoms for every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0103] 5. Pearl cultivation of Pinctada martensii

[0104] The nucleated Pinctada martensii are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in the pearl pond for breeding. The cages are 0.8-1 meters above the water surface and the distance between cages is 0.5-1.0 meters. The method of feeding Pinctada martensii in the pearl pond is to feed them three times a day, 150g of algae per 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the morning, 150g of algae and 0.5kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii at noon, and 1kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the evening;

[0105] Specifically, the pearl breeding time of Pinctada martensii is spring, i.e., from March to May. The algae released in spring are green algae and diatoms. 100g of green algae and 50g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters, i.e., 100g of green algae and 50g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning and at noon.

[0106] The first artificial feed is released in spring; wherein the first artificial feed contains green algae and diatoms;

[0107] The first artificial feed contains 10 parts of green algae, 20 parts of diatoms, 20 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of vegetable fat, 0.5 parts of superphosphate, 0.5 parts of bone meal, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 1 part of bentonite and 1 part of sea stone.

[0108] Green algae is Chlorella; diatoms are flat algae.

[0109] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this example had a survival rate of 95% after 3 months of pearl culture, and the shells were opened for detection to show good growth, with the size growing from 6.5 cm to 7.0 cm. Figure 1 shown.

[0110] <Example 2>

[0111] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which is different from that of Example 1 in that the pearl culture time is summer, i.e., June to August, and the algae substances released in summer are 500 g of green algae and 500 g of blue algae, i.e., 500 g of green algae and 500 g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning and at noon;

[0112] The second artificial feed is released in summer; wherein the second artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae.

[0113] The second artificial feed contains 20 parts of green algae, 20 parts of blue algae, 40 parts of soy protein powder, 3.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 2.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5 parts of superphosphate, 0.5 parts of bone meal, 0.5 parts of multivitamins, 1 part of bentonite and 1 part of sea stone;

[0114] Green algae is Chlorella; blue algae is Spirulina.

[0115] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this example had a survival rate of 96% after 3 months of pearl culture, and the shells were opened for detection to show good growth and fat growth, with the size growing from 6.2 cm to 7.4 cm. Figure 2 shown.

[0116] <Example 3>

[0117] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which is different from that of Example 1 in that the pearl culture time is autumn, i.e., September to November, and the algae material released in autumn is 1000 g of green algae and 1000 g of blue algae, i.e., 1000 g of green algae and 1000 g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning and at noon;

[0118] The third artificial feed is released in autumn; wherein, the third artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae.

[0119] The third artificial feed contains 10 parts of green algae, 10 parts of blue algae, 55 parts of soy protein powder, 5.0 parts of lecithin, 4.0 parts of yeast powder, 3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 1 part of superphosphate, 1 part of bone meal, 0.6 parts of multivitamins, 2 parts of bentonite and 2 parts of sea stone;

[0120] Green algae is Chlorella; blue algae is Spirulina.

[0121] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this example had a survival rate of 96% after 3 months of pearl culture, and the shells were opened for detection to show good growth, with the size growing from 6.0 cm to 7.8 cm. Figure 3 shown.

[0122] <Example 4>

[0123] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which is different from <Example 1> in that the pearl culture time is winter, i.e., from November to February of the following year,

[0124] The algae materials released in winter are 100g of snow algae, 50g of snow spiral wing algae, 100g of short-spined top spiny algae, 100g of middle-banded drum algae and 10g of horn algae;

[0125] The fourth artificial feed is released in winter; wherein the fourth artificial feed contains green algae.

[0126] The fourth artificial feed contains 20 parts of green algae, 70 parts of soy protein powder, 3.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5 part of superphosphate, 0.5 part of bone meal, 0.3 part of multivitamins, 1 part of bentonite and 1 part of sea stone.

[0127] The green algae is Chlorella.

[0128] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this example had a survival rate of 95% after 3 months of pearl culture, and the shells were opened for detection to show good growth and fat growth, with the size growing from 6.4 cm to 7.8 cm. Figure 4 shown.

[0129] <Example 5>

[0130] A land-based culture method for Pinctada martensii, which is different from <Example 1> in that the pearl culture time is in autumn and winter, i.e., October in autumn and November to January of the following year in winter.

[0131] The algae released in autumn are 1000g of green algae and 1000g of blue algae, that is, 1000g of green algae and 1000g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters in the morning and at noon;

[0132] The third artificial feed is released in autumn; wherein, the third artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae.

[0133] The third artificial feed contains 10 parts of green algae, 10 parts of blue algae, 55 parts of soy protein powder, 5.0 parts of lecithin, 4.0 parts of yeast powder, 3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 1 part of superphosphate, 1 part of bone meal, 0.6 parts of multivitamins, 2 parts of bentonite and 2 parts of sea stone;

[0134] Green algae is Chlorella; blue algae is Spirulina.

[0135] The algae materials released in winter are 50g of snow algae, 50g of snow spiral wing algae, 50g of short-spined top spiny algae, 50g of middle-banded drum algae and 50g of horn algae;

[0136] The fourth artificial feed is released in winter; wherein the fourth artificial feed contains green algae.

[0137] The fourth artificial feed contains 20 parts of green algae, 70 parts of soy protein powder, 3.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5 part of superphosphate, 0.5 part of bone meal, 0.3 part of multivitamins, 1 part of bentonite and 1 part of sea stone.

[0138] The green algae is Chlorella.

[0139] The Pinctada martensii cultured in this example had a survival rate of 95% after 3 months of pearl culture, and the shells were opened for detection to show good growth and fat growth, with the size growing from 5.4 cm to 6.8 cm. Figure 5 shown.

[0140] The sizes of Pinctada martensii cultured in winter-spring, spring-summer and summer-autumn are as follows: Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the survival rates are all above 95%, which are not listed here one by one.

[0141] <Effect Test>

[0142] 1. Effect of feeding method on the thickness of the pearl layer of Pinctada martensii

[0143] Comparative Example 1: The test method of Example 1 is adopted, except that only artificial feed is fed during the breeding period, and no algae is fed, the protein content of the artificial feed is ≥60%, and the fat content is ≥7%, that is, artificial feed is fed for three meals a day, and 1 kg of artificial feed is fed for every 10,000 pearl oysters each time. The components of the artificial feed are 70 parts of soy protein powder, 3.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0 part of monocalcium phosphate, 6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5 parts of superphosphate, 0.5 parts of bone meal, 0.3 parts of complex vitamins, 1 part of bentonite and 1 part of sea stone.

[0144] Comparative Example 2: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that during the breeding period, the artificial feed was the second artificial feed, that is, the second artificial feed was fed during the pearl breeding in spring.

[0145] Comparative Example 3: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that during the breeding period, the artificial feed was the third artificial feed, that is, the third artificial feed was fed during the pearl breeding in spring.

[0146] Comparative Example 4: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that during the breeding period, the artificial feed was the fourth feed, that is, the fourth artificial feed was fed during the pearl breeding in spring.

[0147] Comparative Example 5: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that during the culture period, the algae material fed was Chlorella.

[0148] Comparative Example 6: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that during the culture period, the algae material fed was Spirulina.

[0149] Comparative Example 7: The test method of Example 1 was used, except that during the culture period, the algae material fed was flat algae.

[0150] Comparative Example 8: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that during the culture period, the algae fed were Chlamydomonas aeruginosa, Chlamydomonas aeruginosa, Chlamydomonas breviscapus, Chlamydomonas septempunctata and Ceratium hornulatum.

[0151] Comparative Example 9: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that only algae were fed during the culture period, that is, 1000 g of green algae and 1000 g of diatoms were fed for three meals a day, and no artificial feed was fed.

[0152] After 3 months of continuous cultivation, the nacre thickness of 10 Pinctada martensii oysters was measured. The distribution range of the nacre thickness is shown in Table 1 below.

[0153] Table 1 Effects of feeding methods on the growth and nacre thickness of Pinctada martensii

[0154] Pearl layer thickness (mm) Pearl layer thickness (mm) Comparative Example 1 0.120-0.231 Comparative Example 8 0.238-0.446 Comparative Example 2 0.080-0.153 Comparative Example 9 0.050-0.092 Comparative Example 3 0.162-0.263 Example 1 0.249-0.510 Comparative Example 4 0.175-0.294 Example 2 0.220-0.604 Comparative Example 5 0.219-0.422 Example 3 0.335-0.634 Comparative Example 6 0.227-0.435 Example 4 0.210-0.491 Comparative Example 7 0.210-0.432 Example 5 0.256-0.645

[0155] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the results of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 show that feeding only artificial feed will affect the formation of the pearl layer. The results of Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Comparative Example 4, and Example 1 show that feeding feeds with different protein and fat contents in spring will significantly affect the formation of the pearl layer. The results of Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6, Comparative Example 7, Comparative Example 8, and Example 1 show that feeding different algae substances in spring will significantly affect the formation of the pearl layer. The results of Comparative Example 9 and Example 1 show that feeding only algae without feeding artificial feed will significantly affect the formation of the pearl layer.

[0156] 2. Effect of copper on the formation of pearl layer

[0157] Comparative Example 10: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that the artificial feed did not contain copper.

[0158] Comparative Example 11: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that the copper content in the artificial feed was 0.0002 mg / kg.

[0159] Comparative Example 12: The test method of Example 1 was adopted, except that the copper content in the artificial feed was 0.0016 mg / kg.

[0160] After 3 months of continuous cultivation, the nacre thickness of 10 Pinctada martensii oysters was measured and the distribution range of the nacre thickness is shown in the following table.

[0161] Table 2 Effect of copper on bead thickness

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that the results of Comparative Examples 10, 11 and Example 1 show that adding copper ions in an appropriate amount can promote the formation of the pearl layer. The results of Comparative Example 12 and Example 1 show that excessive addition of copper will inhibit the formation of the pearl layer.

[0165] 3. The influence of breeding methods on pearl cultivation time and pearl layer thickness

[0166] Comparative Example 13: The Pinctada martensii oysters that had been rested after the nucleus insertion were caged in the Tieshan Port waters and cultured continuously until the pearls could be harvested. The resting method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0167] Comparative Example 14: The Pinctada martensii oysters that had been rested after the nucleus was inserted were caged in the Liushawan sea area and cultured continuously until the pearls could be harvested. The resting method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0168] Comparative Example 15: The aquaculture method is the same as that of Example 1, except that the artificial seawater is prepared using commercially available sea crystals.

[0169] The statistical results of pearl cultivation time and nacre thickness distribution of 10 Pinctada martensii oysters are shown in Table 3.

[0170] Table 3 Effect of culture method on pearl cultivation time and pearl layer thickness

[0171] Pearl layer thickness (mm) Duration (month) Comparative Example 13 0.216-0.534 11 Comparative Example 14 0.090-0.645 8 Comparative Example 15 0.062-0.245 6 Example 1 0.249-0.510 3

[0172] From the results in Table 3, it can be seen that the pearl layer thickness of the Pinctada martensii cultivated in the Tieshan Port waters for 11 months is between 0.216-0.534 mm. The pearl layer thickness of the Pinctada martensii cultivated in the Liushawan waters for 8 months is between 0.090-0.645 mm. The pearl layer thickness of the Pinctada martensii cultivated in land-based artificial seawater for 3 months is between 0.249-0.510 mm. When ordinary sea crystal is used, the pearl layer thickness is 0.062-0.245 mm after 6 months of cultivation. It can be seen that the use of the artificial seawater provided by the present invention in combination with the feeding method of the present invention can significantly shorten the pearl harvesting time and promote the formation of the pearl layer.

[0173] Effects of fat-reducing treatment and feeding during the recuperation period on the survival rate of Pinctada martensii

[0174] Comparative Example 16: The Pinctada martensii oysters were not subjected to temporary rearing and fat reduction treatment before implantation, i.e., they were fed with Chlorella and Flat Algae during the temporary rearing period, with 1000 g of Chlorella and 1000 g of Flat Algae per 10,000 oysters, i.e., they were fed 3 meals a day, with 1000 g of Chlorella and 1000 g of Flat Algae per 10,000 oysters per meal. The oysters were temporarily reared for 15 days, and the cores were directly implanted in the Pinctada martensii oysters. The rest and feeding method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0175] Comparative Example 17: The method provided in Example 1 was used for temporary rearing and nucleus transplantation, except that, during the recuperation period, the oysters were fed once in the morning, noon and evening, and each time, 100 mg of vitamin C, 100 g of bean protein powder, 30 g of peptone, 50 g of mung bean powder and 40 g of diatoms were fed for every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

[0176] The survival results of Pinctada martensii after the rest period are shown in Table 4.

[0177] Table 4 Survival rate of Pinctada martensii after the recuperation period

[0178] Survival rate during nursing period (%) Comparative Example 16 92 Comparative Example 17 88 Example 1 98

[0179] From the results in Table 4, it can be seen that the fat-reducing treatment of Pinctada martensii before nucleus implantation combined with the feeding method during the recuperation period can significantly improve the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the recuperation period.

[0180] 5. The influence of pearl cultivation methods on the survival rate and success rate of pearl retention

[0181] Comparative Example 18: The method provided in Example 1 was used for temporary culture, nucleus transplantation and recuperation, except that after the recuperation, the Pinctada martensii was transferred to the Tieshangang sea area and cultured for 10 months.

[0182] Comparative Example 19: Conventional methods were used for nucleus implantation and recuperation, i.e., healthy pearl oysters were selected for nucleus implantation according to conventional methods. After the nucleus implantation operation, the operated oysters were placed in a breeding cage, and then the breeding cage was placed in a breeding pond with algae for recuperation for 45 days. Then, the Pinctada martensii oysters were transferred to the Tieshangang sea area and cultured for 10 months.

[0183] In the present invention, the number of nuclei inserted into each pearl oyster is 2. The pearl cultivation period refers to the period from pearl cultivation to pearl harvesting after the rest period.

[0184] Survival rate during pearl cultivation period (%) = number of shellfish after the end of pearl cultivation / number of shellfish at the beginning of pearl cultivation*100%.

[0185] The number of successful nuclei retention (pieces / shell) = the total number of pearls collected at the end of pearl cultivation / the number of pearl oysters implanted with nuclei.

[0186] Table 5 Statistical results of pearl survival rate and nucleus retention success rate

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] From the results in Table 5, it can be seen that the pearl cultivation method of the present invention can significantly improve the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the pearl cultivation period and increase the number of successful nucleus retention.

[0190] VI. Effects of bentonite and sea stone on the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the pearl cultivation period

[0191] Comparative Example 20: Pearl cultivation was carried out using the method provided in Example 1, except that the artificial feed did not contain bentonite and sea stone powder.

[0192] After 3 months of continuous culture, the survival rate of Pinctada martensii is shown in Table 6.

[0193] Table 6 Survival rate of Pinctada martensii

[0194] Survival rate (%) Comparative Example 20 86 Example 1 95

[0195] From the results in Table 6, it can be seen that adding bentonite and sea stone powder to the artificial feed can significantly improve the survival rate of Pinctada martensii during the pearl cultivation period.

[0196] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. Land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Inject artificial seawater into the pearl culture pond; 2) The nucleus-inserted and rested Pinctada martensii are placed in a pearl breeding pond for culture. Different feeds are fed in spring, summer, autumn and winter respectively for 3-18 months, and then pearls can be harvested.

2. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The dissolved oxygen of artificial seawater is 5.70-9.0 mg / L, the chemical oxygen demand is 0.18-1.2 mg / L, and the pH is 7.85-8.

5.

3. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Artificial seawater contains the following raw material components: sodium chloride 16-32mg / L, chlorophyll a 0.0002-0.007mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 0.003-0.150mg / L, nitrite 0.0000-0.0010mg / L, nitrate 0.000-0.01mg / L, copper 0.0002-0.0016mg / L, zinc 0.0003-0.0420mg / L, cadmium 0.00001-0.00030mg / L, total phosphorus 0.008-0. 020mg / L, chromium 0.0001mg / L-0.4mg / L, calcium carbonate 0.001-0.2mg / L, boron 0.0001-4.4mg / L, magnesium 0.0001-1.28g / L, strontium 0.0001-7.0mg / L, iron 0.001-0.2mg / L, molybdenum 0.0001-0.0002mg / L, manganese 0.0001-0.001mg / L.

4. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The water temperature in the pearl breeding pond is 26-29℃.

5. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii are placed in cages and hung on bamboo rafts in the pearl culture pond for cultivation. The cages are 0.8-1 meters above the water surface and the distance between cages is 0.5-1.0 meters.

6. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The method of raising Pinctada martensii in the pearl pond is to feed them three times a day, feeding 50-3000g of algae per 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the morning, 50-3000g of algae and 0.1-1kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii at noon, and 0.5-1.5kg of artificial feed per 10,000 Pinctada martensii in the evening; Specifically, when the pearl breeding time is spring, the algae substances released are green algae and diatoms, and 50-500g of green algae and 50-500g of diatoms are fed to every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters; When the pearls are cultivated in summer, the algae used are green algae and blue algae. For every 10,000 pearl oysters, 250-1000g of green algae and 250-1000g of blue algae are fed. When the pearl breeding time is in autumn, the algae released are green algae and blue algae. For every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters, 500-1500g of green algae and 500-1500g of blue algae are fed. When the pearls are cultivated in winter, the algae used are Chlamydomonas australis, Chlamydomonas sutchuenensis, Chlamydomonas brevis, Drum algae and Horn algae. For every 10,000 pearl oysters, 10-100g of Chlamydomonas australis, 10-50g of Chlamydomonas australis, 10-100g of Chlamydomonas sutchuenensis, 10-100g of Drum algae and 10-100g of Horn algae are fed. When the pearl cultivation time is spring, the first artificial feed put in has a protein content of ≤35% and a fat content of ≤5%; wherein the first artificial feed contains green algae and diatoms; When the pearl cultivation time is summer, the second artificial feed has a protein content of ≥35% and a fat content of ≥5%; wherein the second artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae; When the pearl cultivation time is autumn, the third artificial feed has a protein content of ≥50% and a fat content of ≥6%; wherein the third artificial feed contains green algae and blue algae; When the pearl cultivation time is winter, the protein content of the fourth artificial feed is ≥60%, and the fat content is ≥7%; wherein the fourth artificial feed contains green algae.

7. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The first artificial feed comprises 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of diatoms, 0-35 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1-3 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone; The second artificial feed comprises 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of blue algae, 35-50 parts of soy protein powder, 10-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.5-2.0 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone; The third artificial feed contains 10-20 parts of green algae, 10-20 parts of blue algae, 55-60 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 parts of superphosphate, 0.5-1 parts of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 parts of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone; The fourth artificial feed contains 10-30 parts of green algae, 62-70 parts of soy protein powder, 1.0-5.0 parts of lecithin, 5.0-10.0 parts of earthworm powder, 3.0-4.0 parts of yeast powder, 1.0-3.0 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 1.0-6.0 parts of vegetable fat, 0.5-1 part of superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of bone meal, 0.3-0.6 part of multivitamins, 1-3 parts of bentonite and 1-3 parts of sea stone.

8. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The green algae is one or more of Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Diskoid algae, and Closterium; the diatom is one or more of Flat algae, Sieve algae, Pinnate algae, Boat algae, and Rhizocystis; the cyanobacteria is one or more of Spirulina, Aphanizomenon, Sciaenida, Microcystis, and Nodularia.

9. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The method of inserting the nucleus of the Pinctada martensii comprises the following steps: 1) Place the Pinctada martensii into mesh cages and temporarily culture them in artificial seawater for 10-20 days without feeding them to reduce fat; 2) sterilizing the bead nucleus with ozone, implanting the sterilized bead nucleus into the nacre sac of the Pinctada martensii, and attaching a small piece of mantle membrane on the surface of the bead nucleus to obtain a Pinctada martensii oyster with a nucleus inserted.

10. The land-based culture method of Pinctada martensii according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The resting method of the nucleus-inserted Pinctada martensii is to place the Pinctada martensii into a nursing cage for 15-30 days after the operation, and the water temperature for the resting care is 25-28℃. After the resting period, the Pinctada martensii is put into the pearl breeding pond for stocking; The first liquid bait is prepared by dissolving 20 g of peptone and 100 mg of vitamin C in 1000 ml of distilled water to prepare the first liquid bait. On the 4th to 7th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100 mg of vitamin C, 50 g of bean protein powder and 20 g of peptone; at noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 30 g of spirulina active peptide and 100 mg of vitamin C; in the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100 mg of vitamin C and 50 g of bean protein powder; On the 8th to 12th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-2%, and the protein content was 30-35%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 30g of spirulina active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of fat-free bean protein powder. On the 13th to 15th day, in the morning, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 50g of mung bean powder, 100mg of vitamin C and 20g of peptone. The fat content of mung bean powder was 1-3%, and the protein content was 35-40%. At noon, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 40g of spiral algae active peptide and 100mg of vitamin C. In the evening, every 10,000 pearl oysters were fed with 100mg of vitamin C and 50g of bean protein powder. On the 16th to 30th day, feed once in the morning, noon and evening, and each time feed 100 mg of vitamin C, 100 g of bean protein powder, 30 g of peptone, 50 g of mung bean powder and 40 g of diatoms for every 10,000 Pinctada martensii oysters.

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