Disintegration type solid preparation for eliminating algae blooms

Abstract

The invention discloses a disintegration type solid preparation for eliminating algal bloom, and belongs to the technical field of harmful algal bloom prevention and control, the disintegration type solid preparation comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1 part of foaming agent, 1-3 parts of inorganic flocculant and 3-20 parts of clay mineral, and a preparation method of the disintegration type solid preparation comprises the following steps: weighing the foaming agent, the inorganic flocculant and the clay mineral in proportion, grinding and uniformly mixing to prepare a disc-shaped medicine; the foaming agent is one of potassium ferrate or sodium bicarbonate, the inorganic flocculant is one of sodium peroxide or anhydrous cupric sulfate, and the clay mineral is kaolin.The preparation method comprises the steps that a formula a and a formula b are configured and compared, heteroflexus red tide and karenia mikimotoi are arranged for algae culture, and a pre-experiment is conducted after the algae are cultured to the experimental density; putting the medicines prepared according to the formula a and the formula b into the algae solution, testing the concentration of the medicines, and dividing the concentration gradient to obtain the algae removal effect and the practical dosage of the medicines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a harmful algal bloom prevention and control technology, in particular to a disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms. Background Art

[0002] Red tides frequently break out in some near-shore waters where eutrophication is aggravated. The widespread red tide disasters may bring harm to the ecological environment and human health. Some red tides caused by toxic algae may also bring serious harm when the water body has not changed color. In the later stage of red tide, a large number of red tide organisms die and decompose, resulting in a lack of dissolved oxygen in the water body. A large amount of foam floats on the surface of the water, which may become smelly and fishy. Aquatic organisms die from suffocation and the entire ecosystem is damaged. Toxic red tides may threaten human health through the food chain.

[0003] However, after external pollution interception, internal pollution control and ecological restoration, the nutrients in the water body may still be sufficient to meet the algae's needs for nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Under suitable climatic conditions and hydrodynamic conditions, phytoplankton blooms, filamentous green algae outbreaks and excessive proliferation of attached algae often occur, leading to repeated deterioration of water environment quality and alienation of the structure of aquatic plant and animal communities, seriously affecting the ecological landscape of the water body and causing great trouble to the ecological management of the water environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a control method that can simply eliminate algal blooms to facilitate continuous cleaning. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0006] 1 part of foaming agent, 1-3 parts of inorganic flocculant, 3-20 parts of clay mineral, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: the foaming agent, inorganic flocculant and clay mineral are weighed according to a proportion, and ground and mixed evenly to form a round tablet-shaped medicine;

[0007] The foaming agent is one of potassium ferrate and sodium bicarbonate, the inorganic flocculant is one of sodium peroxide and anhydrous copper sulfate, and the clay mineral is kaolin.

[0008] Preferably, the foaming agent is potassium ferrate and the inorganic flocculant is sodium peroxide.

[0009] Preferably, the foaming agent is sodium bicarbonate, and the inorganic flocculant is anhydrous copper sulfate.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of potassium ferrate and sodium peroxide is 1:1.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous copper sulfate is 1:3.

[0012] Preferably, the mass proportion of potassium ferrate, sodium peroxide and kaolin is:

[0013] 1:1:5.

[0014] Preferably, the mass proportion of the sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous copper sulfate and kaolin is:

[0015] 1:3:5.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By configuring and comparing formula a and formula b, setting up Heterosigma akashiwo and Karenia mikimoto for algae cultivation, and conducting a preliminary experiment after culturing to the experimental density, the drugs prepared by formula a and formula b were added to the algae solution, the concentration of the drugs used was tested, and the concentration gradient was divided to obtain the drug algae removal effect and practical dosage. When the concentration of formula a was 0.01g / L in the water bodies of Heterosigma akashiwo and Karenia mikimoto, the algae cells were greatly reduced within 2 hours of natural sedimentation after the water bodies of Heterosigma akashiwo were added, the algae cells reduced within 2-4 hours of natural sedimentation returned to normal, and the algae cells reduced slightly within 4-8 hours of natural sedimentation. After the water bodies of Karenia mikimoto were added, the algae cells were greatly reduced within 4 hours of natural sedimentation, the algae cells reduced within 4-6 hours of natural sedimentation returned to normal, and the algae cells reduced slightly within 6-8 hours of natural sedimentation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a simplified diagram of the experimental process in Example 3;

[0019] Figure 2 The experimental results of formula a and formula b are shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] A disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms, comprising the following components in parts by mass:

[0022] 1 part of foaming agent, 1-3 parts of inorganic flocculant, 3-20 parts of clay mineral, and the preparation method thereof is as follows: the foaming agent, inorganic flocculant and clay mineral are weighed according to a proportion, and ground and mixed evenly to form a round tablet-shaped medicine;

[0023] The foaming agent is one of potassium ferrate and sodium bicarbonate, the inorganic flocculant is one of sodium peroxide and anhydrous copper sulfate, and the clay mineral is kaolin;

[0024] The material used in the present invention to verify the effect of eliminating algae blooms is experimental algae, and its culture and experimental materials are as follows:

[0025] Algae: some Karenia mikimotoi algae liquid and some Heterosigma akashiwo algae liquid;

[0026] Instruments: several volumetric flasks, several beakers, several colorimetric tubes, spectrophotometer, several measuring cylinders, mortar, glass conical flasks, etc.

[0027] Drug preparation: potassium ferrate, anhydrous copper sulfate, sodium peroxide, kaolin;

[0028] Reagent preparation: concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, etc.;

[0029] Experimental methods: COD determination (alkaline potassium permanganate method), control test, experimental algae cultivation;

[0030] Experimental route: First, algae were cultured, a certain amount of Karenia mikimotoi and Heterosigma akashiwo were cultured as samples, and a disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms was prepared according to formulas a and b;

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] In formula a, potassium ferrate is used as the foaming agent and sodium peroxide is used as the inorganic flocculant;

[0033] The mass ratio of potassium ferrate and sodium peroxide is 1:1;

[0034] The mass ratio of potassium ferrate, sodium peroxide and kaolin is 1:1:5

[0035] The materials are weighed according to the ratio of potassium ferrate: sodium peroxide: kaolin = 1:1:5, fully ground, mixed evenly, and pressed into discs. The foaming agent is a peroxide, which will produce oxygen when reacting in the water body, and will cause certain oxidative damage to the algae cells. Potassium ferrate, as a highly water-soluble bactericide, can destroy the cell wall, cell membrane and some substances in the cell structure of microorganisms through strong oxidation, inhibit the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, hinder the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and play a role in killing algae and bacteria.

[0036] Weigh, grind and mix inorganic flocculant: foaming agent: clay mineral in a ratio of 1:1:5 to make pills, and then put them into water to observe whether the medicine can release a large amount of gas and disintegrate in a suspended state. From the perspective of cost saving, consider increasing the ratio of inorganic flocculant and clay mineral to explore the proportion of foaming agent. Mix potassium ferrate and kaolin in a certain ratio, grind them, make discs and put them into water to observe the foaming suspension effect. When potassium ferrate can foam and make the medicine enter a suspended disintegration state, the highest ratio of potassium ferrate: kaolin is fixed at 1:5. However, potassium ferrate and diatomaceous earth were mixed and ground in a certain proportion, and then made into discs and put into water, but they could not be suspended; the foaming and suspension effect of ferrous sulfate: sodium bicarbonate: diatomaceous earth = 1:1:3 was investigated, and it was found that sodium bicarbonate had a better foaming effect, but it was affected by the acid-base conditions of the water body. Under acidic conditions, sodium bicarbonate produced a large amount of gas when it came into contact with water; then the effect of sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: diatomaceous earth after being mixed and ground, made into discs and put into water was investigated. When the ratio of foaming agent (sodium bicarbonate): inorganic flocculant (anhydrous copper sulfate) was not more than 1:3; inorganic flocculant (anhydrous copper sulfate): clay mineral (diatomaceous earth) The foaming effect of the preparation of sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: diatomaceous earth = 1:1:5 was very good, and then the ratio of inorganic flocculant and clay mineral was increased. After increasing the ratio of inorganic flocculant and clay mineral, the foaming effect did not weaken due to the excessive clay mineral, so it was increased to the highest ratio. After the highest ratio was tested, it was found that the foaming effect did not weaken; then sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: diatomaceous earth = 1:3:20 was tried, and the preparation was made into discs and placed It can still float and disintegrate in water, but the proportion of clay minerals is not further increased; at this time, it is found that the foaming effect of sodium bicarbonate is ideal, so the dispersion effect during suspension disintegration is explored instead. The effect of sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: kaolin = 1:3:10 when the drug is put into water can foam and float, and the dispersion effect is general, which does not achieve the ideal effect; then microcrystalline cellulose and potassium carboxymethyl benzoate are added to try to enhance the dispersion effect of the preparation after suspension disintegration in water, that is, sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: kaolin = 1:3:10 is used as the base, and the ratio of microcrystalline cellulose and potassium carboxymethyl benzoate is adjusted to explore Their influence on the dispersion effect of the drug; after experimenting with a preparation of sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: kaolin: microcrystalline cellulose: carboxymethyl benzoic acid = 1:3:10:1:1, it was found that the dispersion effect did not improve or increase significantly. Then, the proportion of sodium benzyl carboxylate was kept unchanged, and the proportion of microcrystalline cellulose was increased. It was found that the dispersion effect did not increase as expected. That is to say, it was concluded that the above two disintegrants are not very helpful for the dispersion effect of drugs with kaolin as clay minerals, but for drugs with diatomaceous earth as clay minerals, they can help shape the drugs during production and improve the dispersibility to a certain extent.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] In formula b, sodium bicarbonate is used as the foaming agent and anhydrous copper sulfate is used as the inorganic flocculant;

[0039] The mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous copper sulfate is 1:3;

[0040] The mass proportion of sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous copper sulfate and kaolin is 1:3:5;

[0041] The materials are weighed according to the ratio of sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: kaolin = 1:3:5, fully ground, mixed evenly, and then pressed into round tablets. The foaming agent is bicarbonate, which will produce carbon dioxide when reacting in water. At the same time, there is copper sulfate in the formula. The divalent copper ion itself has a killing effect on algae cells. At the same time, a weak acid environment is formed when copper sulfate is hydrolyzed, which promotes the reaction of bicarbonate to generate carbon dioxide.

[0042] Embodiment 3

[0043] Process such as Figure 1 As shown, two algae species, Karenia mikimotoi and Heterosigma akashiwo, were set up, and they were placed in a beaker containing a water sample at a concentration gradient of 0.01g / L, 0.1g / L, and 1g / L, respectively, to observe whether the product bubbles and floats in the water body and disintegrates in a suspended state. After being placed, it was naturally settled for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours, and the stratification of the water body was observed. The supernatant was taken for COD content determination and population density calculation of the above red tide algae to obtain experimental data. By comparing the experimental data before and after and analyzing the experimental data, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in the chart, the project product has the effect of eliminating algal blooms in water bodies.

[0044] When the concentration of formula a is 0.1g / L, a large amount of Karenia mikimotoi and Heterosigma akashiwo can be removed, but Heterosigma akashiwo will recover within 4-6 hours after being removed.

[0045] When the concentration of formula b was 0.01 g / L, the removal rate of Heterosigma akashiwo was 70%, and the removal rate of Mishkelon was 98%, and both were irreversible. The higher the concentration, the higher the removal efficiency.

[0046] The removal effect of formula b (sodium bicarbonate: anhydrous copper sulfate: kaolin = 1:3:5) on Karenia mikimotoi and Heterosigma akashiwo was stronger than that of formula a (potassium ferrate: sodium peroxide: kaolin = 1:1:5).

[0047] When the concentration of formula a and formula b is 1g / L, all Karenia mikimotoi and Heterosigma akashiwo can be killed within half an hour; when the concentration of formula a is 0.01g / L when it is respectively added to the water body of Heterosigma akashiwo and Karenia mikimotoi, after the addition to the water body of Heterosigma akashiwo, the algae cells are greatly reduced within 2 hours of natural sedimentation, the algae cells reduced within 2-4 hours of natural sedimentation return to normal, and the algae cells are slightly reduced after 4-8 hours of natural sedimentation; after the addition to the water body of Karenia mikimotoi, the algae cells are greatly reduced within 4 hours of natural sedimentation, the algae cells reduced within 4-6 hours of natural sedimentation return to normal, and the algae cells are slightly reduced after 6-8 hours of natural sedimentation; the reason is that the two types of algae cells are greatly reduced in number due to adsorption, but the algae cells cannot be killed due to insufficient dosage of the drug, so the cell density returns to its original state after breaking free; later, due to the influence of light and temperature, the algae cells lose activity and decrease slightly.

[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0049] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 1 part of a foaming agent, 1-3 parts of an inorganic flocculant, and 3-20 parts of a clay mineral. The preparation method is as follows: the foaming agent, the inorganic flocculant and the clay mineral are weighed in proportion, and ground and mixed evenly to form a round tablet-shaped medicine; The foaming agent is one of potassium ferrate and sodium bicarbonate, the inorganic flocculant is one of sodium peroxide and anhydrous copper sulfate, and the clay mineral is kaolin.

2. A disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is potassium ferrate, and the inorganic flocculant is sodium peroxide.

3. The disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foaming agent is sodium bicarbonate, and the inorganic flocculant is anhydrous copper sulfate.

4. The disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of potassium ferrate and sodium peroxide is 1:

1.

5. The disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous copper sulfate is 1:

3.

6. The disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of potassium ferrate, sodium peroxide and kaolin is 1:1:

5.

7. The disintegrating solid preparation for eliminating algal blooms according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass proportion of the sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous copper sulfate and kaolin is 1:3:5.

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