Safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system which is communicated with a breathing machine and an airway of a patient and comprises a controller, a positive pressure loop, a negative pressure loop and a man-machine interaction loop. The positive pressure loop and the negative pressure loop are both connected with the man-machine interaction loop, and the positive pressure loop, the negative pressure loop and the man-machine interaction loop are both connected with the controller; the man-machine interaction loop comprises a reversing valve, a breathing machine interface, an airway interface, a flow sensor B, a pressure sensor D and a sound sensor; the respirator interface is communicated with a respirator, the airway interface is communicated with an airway of a patient, the respirator interface, the airway interface, the positive pressure loop and the negative pressure loop are all communicated with the reversing valve through pipelines, and the reversing valve is connected with the controller; one ends of the flow sensor B, the pressure sensor D and the sound sensor are connected with a pipeline between the air passage interface and the reversing valve, and the other ends are connected with the controller; the automatic performance of the system is improved, and the safety and efficiency of the mechanical ventilation sputum suction process are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automatic control and sensor technology, and more particularly to a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical ventilation technology is an important life support treatment for critically ill patients.

[0003] For patients in the ICU who use mechanical ventilation technology to assist in expectoration, due to the establishment of an artificial airway, the glottis loses its physiological function and cannot form the airway high pressure before coughing, thus unable to form an effective cough, reducing the patient's ability to expectorate, causing sputum to accumulate in the airway, increasing airway resistance, leading to insufficient ventilation, causing respiratory dysfunction, and in severe cases, blocking the airway and endangering life.

[0004] Sputum suction is an important method to keep the respiratory tract clean and unobstructed and to improve alveolar ventilation and gas exchange function. It is one of the most commonly used nursing measures in airway management for patients with mechanical ventilation. However, existing sputum suction technology has serious defects in efficiency, safety and automation.

[0005] Therefore, how to propose a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system to shorten the mechanical ventilation time of patients and reduce the workload of medical staff is an urgent problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system to solve the problem that the existing sputum suction device cannot achieve safe and efficient cleaning of the respiratory tract and has a low degree of automation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system, which is connected to the ventilator and the patient's airway respectively, and includes a controller, a positive pressure circuit, a negative pressure circuit and a human-machine interaction circuit;

[0009] The positive pressure circuit and the negative pressure circuit are connected to the human-machine interaction circuit, and the positive pressure circuit, the negative pressure circuit and the human-machine interaction circuit are connected to the controller;

[0010] The human-machine interaction circuit includes a reversing valve, a ventilator interface, an airway interface, a flow sensor B, a pressure sensor D and a sound sensor;

[0011] The ventilator interface is connected to the ventilator, the airway interface is connected to the patient's airway, the ventilator interface, the airway interface, the positive pressure circuit and the negative pressure circuit are all connected to the reversing valve through pipelines, and the reversing valve is connected to the controller;

[0012] One end of the flow sensor B, the pressure sensor D and the sound sensor are all connected to the pipeline between the airway interface and the reversing valve, and the other ends are all connected to the controller.

[0013] Preferably, the human-machine interaction loop further includes a flow sensor A and a pressure sensor C;

[0014] One end of the flow sensor A and the pressure sensor C are both connected to the pipeline between the ventilator interface and the reversing valve, and the other end is connected to the controller.

[0015] Preferably, the positive pressure circuit includes a compressor, a gas tank A and a pressure proportional valve A;

[0016] The compressor, the gas tank A, the pressure proportional valve A and the reversing valve are connected in sequence, and the compressor and the pressure proportional valve A are both connected to the controller.

[0017] Preferably, the positive pressure circuit further includes a pressure sensor A;

[0018] The pressure sensor A is connected to the controller and the gas tank A respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the negative pressure circuit includes a vacuum pump, a gas tank B and a pressure proportional valve B;

[0020] The vacuum pump, the gas tank B, the pressure proportional valve B and the reversing valve are connected in sequence, and the vacuum pump and the pressure proportional valve B are both connected to the controller.

[0021] Preferably, the negative pressure circuit further includes a pressure sensor B;

[0022] The pressure sensor B is connected to the controller and the gas tank B respectively.

[0023] Preferably, the human-machine interaction circuit also includes a sputum collecting device, which is connected to the pipeline between the airway interface and the reversing valve.

[0024] Preferably, the safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system further includes a button assembly for setting system operating parameters.

[0025] Preferably, the safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system further includes a display screen for displaying the system working status and parameters.

[0026] Preferably, the control method of the automatic sputum suction system includes:

[0027] During normal mechanical ventilation, the reversing valve is placed in the middle position, cutting off the connection between the positive pressure circuit, the negative pressure circuit and the ventilator or the patient's airway, and opening the airway between the ventilator and the airway;

[0028] The flow sensor B, pressure sensor D and sound sensor detect the dynamic characteristics of the patient's respiratory airflow and the sputum sound spectrum, and the controller estimates the respiratory mechanics parameters and sputum accumulation according to the sensor signals;

[0029] When suction is needed, the controller controls the compressor and vacuum pump to work, and stabilizes the pressure in gas tank A and gas tank B within the set range; after mechanical ventilation completes one exhalation, the reversing valve is placed in the lower position, cutting off the mechanical ventilation circuit, connecting the positive pressure circuit with the airway interface, and connecting the negative pressure circuit with the ventilator interface, the controller controls the pressure proportional valve A to output a certain pressure, allowing the patient to take a deep breath, and the controller controls the pressure proportional valve B to simulate a patient's inhalation process;

[0030] The reversing valve A is placed in the upper position, so that the positive pressure circuit is connected to the ventilator interface, and the negative pressure circuit is connected to the airway interface. The controller controls the pressure proportional valve A to output a certain pressure to simulate the patient's exhalation process. The controller controls the pressure proportional valve B to output a certain negative pressure to quickly suck out the patient's lung air according to a certain pattern, simulating the patient's coughing process, bringing out the sputum, and completing a sputum suction process;

[0031] Repeat suctioning several times until respiratory mechanics parameters and sputum sounds return to the preset range;

[0032] After suction is completed, the reversing valve returns to the middle position, reopening the mechanical ventilation circuit, cutting off the connection between the positive pressure circuit, negative pressure circuit and the ventilator or the patient's airway, and the ventilator continues to supply air to the patient, thus completing a working process.

[0033] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system, which is based on mechanical ventilation technology and uses online identification technology to judge the sputum accumulation of patients, thereby improving the automation performance of the sputum suction device. At the same time, the designed positive pressure circuit and negative pressure circuit are based on the breathing characteristics of the human body in a natural coughing state, which can effectively improve the safety of the sputum suction process of mechanically ventilated patients, improve the sputum suction efficiency, and reduce the workload of relevant medical staff. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system, which is connected to a ventilator and a patient's airway respectively, and includes a controller, a positive pressure circuit, a negative pressure circuit and a human-computer interaction circuit;

[0038] The positive pressure circuit and the negative pressure circuit are connected to the human-machine interaction circuit, and the positive pressure circuit, the negative pressure circuit and the human-machine interaction circuit are connected to the controller;

[0039] The human-machine interaction circuit includes a reversing valve, a ventilator interface, an airway interface, a flow sensor B, a pressure sensor D and a sound sensor;

[0040] The ventilator interface is connected to the ventilator, the airway interface is connected to the patient's airway, the ventilator interface, the airway interface, the positive pressure circuit and the negative pressure circuit are all connected to the reversing valve through pipelines, and the reversing valve is connected to the controller;

[0041] One end of the flow sensor B, the pressure sensor D and the sound sensor are all connected to the pipeline between the airway interface and the reversing valve, and the other ends are all connected to the controller.

[0042] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the human-machine interaction loop also includes a flow sensor A and a pressure sensor C;

[0043] One end of the flow sensor A and the pressure sensor C are both connected to the pipeline between the ventilator interface and the reversing valve, and the other end is connected to the controller.

[0044] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the positive pressure circuit includes a compressor, a gas tank A and a pressure proportional valve A;

[0045] The compressor, the gas tank A, the pressure proportional valve A and the reversing valve are connected in sequence, and the compressor and the pressure proportional valve A are both connected to the controller.

[0046] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the positive pressure circuit also includes a pressure sensor A;

[0047] The pressure sensor A is connected to the controller and the gas tank A respectively.

[0048] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the negative pressure circuit includes a vacuum pump, a gas tank B and a pressure proportional valve B;

[0049] The vacuum pump, the gas tank B, the pressure proportional valve B and the reversing valve are connected in sequence, and the vacuum pump and the pressure proportional valve B are both connected to the controller.

[0050] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the negative pressure circuit also includes a pressure sensor B;

[0051] The pressure sensor B is connected to the controller and the gas tank B respectively.

[0052] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the human-machine interaction circuit also includes a sputum collecting device, which is connected to the pipeline between the airway interface and the reversing valve.

[0053] In order to further implement the above technical solution, a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system also includes a button component for setting system operating parameters.

[0054] In order to further implement the above technical solution, a safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system also includes a display screen for displaying the system working status and parameters.

[0055] In order to further implement the above technical solution, the control method of the automatic sputum suction system includes:

[0056] During normal mechanical ventilation, the reversing valve is placed in the middle position, cutting off the connection between the positive pressure circuit, the negative pressure circuit and the ventilator or the patient's airway, and opening the airway between the ventilator and the airway;

[0057] The flow sensor B, pressure sensor D and sound sensor detect the dynamic characteristics of the patient's respiratory airflow and the sputum sound spectrum, and the controller estimates the respiratory mechanics parameters and sputum accumulation according to the sensor signals;

[0058] In actual applications, flow sensor B is used to monitor the patient's respiratory airflow in real time. It can detect the flow rate and flow of the airflow, thereby providing important information about the patient's breathing pattern. By analyzing the data of flow sensor B, dynamic characteristics such as respiratory frequency, tidal volume, inhalation and exhalation time, respiratory waveform, etc. can be identified; pressure sensor D is used to measure pressure changes in the airway. By monitoring the airway pressure, the patient's respiratory mechanics parameters such as airway resistance and lung compliance are evaluated to help identify airway peak pressure, plateau pressure, pressure rise time, etc.; the sound sensor is used to capture the patient's sputum sound. The sputum sound is caused by sputum in the airway, and its frequency and intensity can reflect the location and amount of sputum. By analyzing the data of the sound sensor, the frequency and intensity of the sputum sound can be identified. , duration of sputum sound, etc.; the controller filters, denoises and amplifies the collected signals according to the signals of flow sensor B, pressure sensor D and sound sensor to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the signals; extracts key features from the processed signals, such as respiratory rate, tidal volume, airway peak pressure, platform pressure, sputum sound frequency and intensity, etc.; uses the extracted features, combined with the respiratory mechanics model, to estimate respiratory mechanics parameters such as airway resistance and lung compliance; sputum accumulation situation: analyzes the characteristics of sputum sound, and estimates the location, amount and viscosity of sputum in combination with the sputum accumulation model; based on the estimated parameters, the controller makes decisions, such as whether sputum suction is needed, the timing and intensity of sputum suction, etc., and controls actuators such as compressors, vacuum pumps, reversing valves and pressure proportional valves to achieve automatic sputum suction;

[0059] When suction is needed, the controller controls the compressor and vacuum pump to work, and stabilizes the pressure in gas tank A and gas tank B within the set range; after mechanical ventilation completes one exhalation, the reversing valve is placed in the lower position, cutting off the mechanical ventilation circuit, connecting the positive pressure circuit with the airway interface, and connecting the negative pressure circuit with the ventilator interface, the controller controls the pressure proportional valve A to output a certain pressure, allowing the patient to take a deep breath, and the controller controls the pressure proportional valve B to simulate a patient's inhalation process;

[0060] The reversing valve A is placed in the upper position, so that the positive pressure circuit is connected to the ventilator interface, and the negative pressure circuit is connected to the airway interface. The controller controls the pressure proportional valve A to output a certain pressure to simulate the patient's exhalation process. The controller controls the pressure proportional valve B to output a certain negative pressure to quickly suck out the patient's lung air according to a certain pattern, simulating the patient's coughing process, bringing out the sputum, and completing a sputum suction process;

[0061] Repeat suctioning several times until respiratory mechanics parameters and sputum sounds return to the preset range;

[0062] After suction is completed, the reversing valve returns to the middle position, reopening the mechanical ventilation circuit, cutting off the connection between the positive pressure circuit, negative pressure circuit and the ventilator or the patient's airway, and the ventilator continues to supply air to the patient, thus completing a working process.

[0063] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system, connected to a ventilator and a patient's airway, respectively, characterized in that: Including controller, positive pressure circuit, negative pressure circuit and human-machine interaction circuit; The positive pressure circuit and the negative pressure circuit are connected to the human-machine interaction circuit, and the positive pressure circuit, the negative pressure circuit and the human-machine interaction circuit are connected to the controller; The human-machine interaction circuit includes a reversing valve, a ventilator interface, an airway interface, a flow sensor B, a pressure sensor D and a sound sensor; The ventilator interface is connected to the ventilator, the airway interface is connected to the patient's airway, the ventilator interface, the airway interface, the positive pressure circuit and the negative pressure circuit are all connected to the reversing valve through pipelines, and the reversing valve is connected to the controller; One end of the flow sensor B, the pressure sensor D and the sound sensor are all connected to the pipeline between the airway interface and the reversing valve, and the other ends are all connected to the controller.

2. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human-machine interaction loop also includes a flow sensor A and a pressure sensor C; One end of the flow sensor A and the pressure sensor C are both connected to the pipeline between the ventilator interface and the reversing valve, and the other end is connected to the controller.

3. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive pressure circuit includes a compressor, a gas tank A and a pressure proportional valve A; The compressor, the gas tank A, the pressure proportional valve A and the reversing valve are connected in sequence, and the compressor and the pressure proportional valve A are both connected to the controller.

4. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positive pressure circuit also includes a pressure sensor A; The pressure sensor A is connected to the controller and the gas tank A respectively.

5. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The negative pressure circuit includes a vacuum pump, a gas tank B and a pressure proportional valve B; The vacuum pump, the gas tank B, the pressure proportional valve B and the reversing valve are connected in sequence, and the vacuum pump and the pressure proportional valve B are both connected to the controller.

6. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure circuit also includes a pressure sensor B; The pressure sensor B is connected to the controller and the gas tank B respectively.

7. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human-machine interaction circuit also includes a sputum collecting device, which is connected to the pipeline between the airway interface and the reversing valve.

8. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a button component for setting system operating parameters.

9. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display screen for displaying the system working status and parameters.

10. A safe and efficient automatic sputum suction system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control method of the automatic sputum suction system includes: During normal mechanical ventilation, the reversing valve is placed in the middle position, cutting off the connection between the positive pressure circuit, the negative pressure circuit and the ventilator or the patient's airway, and opening the airway between the ventilator and the airway; The flow sensor B, pressure sensor D and sound sensor detect the dynamic characteristics of the patient's respiratory airflow and the sputum sound spectrum, and the controller estimates the respiratory mechanics parameters and sputum accumulation according to the sensor signals; When suction is needed, the controller controls the compressor and vacuum pump to work, and stabilizes the pressure in gas tank A and gas tank B within the set range; after mechanical ventilation completes one exhalation, the reversing valve is placed in the lower position, cutting off the mechanical ventilation circuit, connecting the positive pressure circuit with the airway interface, and connecting the negative pressure circuit with the ventilator interface, the controller controls the pressure proportional valve A to output a certain pressure, allowing the patient to take a deep breath, and the controller controls the pressure proportional valve B to simulate a patient's inhalation process; The reversing valve A is placed in the upper position, so that the positive pressure circuit is connected to the ventilator interface, and the negative pressure circuit is connected to the airway interface. The controller controls the pressure proportional valve A to output a certain pressure to simulate the patient's exhalation process. The controller controls the pressure proportional valve B to output a certain negative pressure to quickly suck out the patient's lung air according to a certain pattern, simulating the patient's coughing process, bringing out the sputum, and completing a sputum suction process; Repeat suctioning several times until respiratory mechanics parameters and sputum sounds return to the preset range; After suction is completed, the reversing valve returns to the middle position, reopening the mechanical ventilation circuit, cutting off the connection between the positive pressure circuit, negative pressure circuit and the ventilator or the patient's airway, and the ventilator continues to supply air to the patient, thus completing a working process.

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