Crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting, and provides a crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy, comprising: a crystallizer body having a casting cavity and a cooling cavity arranged inside and outside, the cooling cavity being filled with flowing cooling water, and the cooling water performing primary cooling on an aluminum melt in the casting cavity in an indirect heat exchange form; the water spraying mechanism is arranged below the crystallizer body and used for spraying cooling water in the cooling cavity to form first water flow and second water flow, and the aluminum alloy cast ingot pulled out of the casting cavity is secondarily cooled in a direct heat exchange mode; wherein the jet direction of the first water flow is fixed, and the first water flow is jetted on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed-point mode; the jetting direction of the second water flow can be adjusted vertically, and the second water flow is jetted on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an unfixed-point mode. The first water flow and the second water flow are matched for use in a static and movable mode, different cooling requirements can be met, the universality of the crystallizer is improved, casting of aluminum alloy cast ingots of different varieties or specifications can be achieved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting, and in particular to a crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy. Background Art

[0002] Direct cooling semi-continuous casting is the main method for producing aluminum alloy round ingots and flat ingots. Liquid aluminum melt is poured into the casting cavity surrounded by the crystallizer and the ingot starter. When the aluminum melt comes into contact with the crystallizer and the ingot starter, it will be cooled by the crystallizer and the ingot starter and solidify along its boundary. When the aluminum melt reaches a certain height in the crystallizer and the solidified shell has sufficient strength to support the aluminum melt, the ingot starter will move downward at a given casting speed. The solidified ingot will descend with the ingot starter. When the ingot is pulled out of the crystallizer, the cooling water in the crystallizer is directly sprayed onto the surface of the ingot, and the ingot is quickly cooled down. In this way, the aluminum melt is continuously cast into the crystallizer, and the solidified ingot is continuously pulled out of the crystallizer, forming a continuous process. This process mainly involves two cooling steps. One is indirect cooling, in which the aluminum melt contacts the inner wall of the crystallizer and exchanges heat with the cooling water in the cooling chamber inside the crystallizer to form a solidified shell. The second is direct cooling, in which the cooling water in the cooling chamber impacts the surface of the ingot through the cooling water holes opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the crystallizer, taking away a large amount of overheat and latent heat, so that the ingot is further cooled and solidified.

[0003] When casting aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications, the requirements for secondary direct cooling are different, that is, the requirements for cooling water holes are different, such as the inclination angle, hole size, number and hole spacing of the cooling water holes. However, the existing cooling water holes are directly opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the crystallizer, and their positions cannot be changed, so that the crystallizer can only meet the casting process of some aluminum alloy ingots, that is, the versatility is greatly limited, and the following problems arise:

[0004] 1. When casting aluminum alloy ingots with very different cooling requirements, if the existing crystallizer cooling water holes cannot adapt, the entire crystallizer needs to be replaced, resulting in higher production costs for aluminum alloy ingots;

[0005] 2. Replacing the entire crystallizer, installation and disassembly are rather cumbersome and time-consuming, affecting the production efficiency of aluminum alloy ingots. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloys to solve the problems that the versatility of the existing crystallizers is greatly limited and the production cost of aluminum alloy ingots is high and the production efficiency is low.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy, comprising:

[0009] The crystallizer body has a casting cavity and a cooling cavity arranged inside and outside, and the cooling cavity is filled with flowing cooling water, which cools the aluminum melt in the casting cavity once in the form of indirect heat exchange to form an aluminum alloy ingot; and

[0010] A water spray mechanism is provided below the crystallizer body and is used to spray cooling water in the cooling cavity to form a first water flow and a second water flow, which performs secondary cooling on the aluminum alloy ingot pulled out of the casting cavity in the form of direct heat exchange;

[0011] Wherein, the first water flow has a fixed direction, and is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed-point manner; the second water flow has a direction that can be adjusted up and down, and is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an irregular-point manner.

[0012] Optionally, the crystallizer body comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and a sealing disk, the inner sleeve is embedded in the outer sleeve, and the sealing disk is buckled at the lower ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to seal the annular gap between the latter two;

[0013] The inner space of the inner sleeve is the casting cavity, and the annular space surrounded by the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve and the sealing disk is the cooling cavity;

[0014] The sealing plate is provided with a first cooling water hole and a second cooling water hole respectively connected to the cooling cavity, the first cooling water hole is inclined downward and close to the axis of the casting cavity to spray a first water flow toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed manner;

[0015] The water spray mechanism is provided with a nozzle which is inclined downward and close to the axis of the casting cavity. The upper end of the nozzle is sealed and hinged to the outlet of the second cooling water hole, and the lower end can swing around the hinge point to spray the second water flow toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an irregular manner.

[0016] Optionally, the angle between the first cooling water hole and the axis of the casting cavity is 45°;

[0017] The angle between the nozzle and the axis of the casting cavity is adjustable within the range of 15 to 35 degrees.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of the first cooling water holes and the second cooling water holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the casting cavity axis, and are arranged at intervals from each other;

[0019] A plurality of the nozzles are evenly distributed around the circumference of the casting cavity axis in one-to-one correspondence with the second cooling water holes.

[0020] Optionally, each of the nozzles is slidably connected with a sliding sleeve;

[0021] The sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to a ring frame;

[0022] The ring frame is coaxial with the casting cavity and is driven by a pair of telescopic rods to move up and down;

[0023] A pair of telescopic rods are vertically connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate at an interval of 180 degrees.

[0024] Optionally, each of the nozzles comprises a ball joint, a tube body and a nut, the ball joint is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the tube body and is sealed and hinged with the outlet of the second cooling water hole, the tube body is slidably matched with a circular through hole opened in the middle of the sleeve, and the nut is threadedly sleeved on the lower end of the tube body to limit the sleeve from separating from the tube body;

[0025] The ring frame comprises an annular belt, a plurality of U-shaped support plates corresponding to the nozzles are connected to the inner side of the annular belt, and a pair of T-shaped rods spaced 180 degrees from each other are connected to the outer side of the annular belt;

[0026] The sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the U-shaped support plate through pins arranged at both ends thereof, and the T-shaped rod is connected to the working end of the telescopic rod.

[0027] Optionally, the outer side of the upper end of the inner sleeve is sealed and connected to the inner side of the upper end of the outer sleeve via a pipe thread;

[0028] The sealing disk is an annular structure, and its outer side is sealed and connected to the inner side of the lower end of the outer sleeve through a pipe thread;

[0029] The lower ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are respectively provided with at least two annular female stops, and the sealing disc is provided with an annular male stop corresponding to the annular female stops;

[0030] When the sealing disk is screwed into the inner side of the lower end of the outer sleeve in a threaded connection manner, the annular male stop can be inserted into the annular female stop to form a multiple stop seal.

[0031] Optionally, a first notch is formed on the outer side of the upper end of the inner sleeve, a second notch and a third notch are formed on the inner sides of the upper end and the lower end of the outer sleeve, respectively, and a fourth notch is formed on the outer side of the sealing disk;

[0032] When installed in place, the first notch is aligned with the second notch, and the third notch is aligned with the fourth notch.

[0033] Optionally, the crystallizer body further comprises a graphite ring;

[0034] The graphite ring is lined on the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and the upper edge of the graphite ring is in contact with the inner side of the upper end of the inner sleeve, and the lower edge of the graphite ring is in contact with the inner side of the sealing disk.

[0035] Optionally, the inner wall of the graphite ring has a vertically symmetrical structure, and its inner diameter gradually decreases from the upper and lower edges to the middle.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. By using a first water flow with a fixed direction and a second water flow with an adjustable direction in a static and a dynamic manner, different cooling requirements can be met, which effectively improves the versatility of the crystallizer. The crystallizer can be used to cast aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications without replacement, thereby reducing the production cost of aluminum alloy ingots.

[0038] 2. The incident angles of the first water flow and the second water flow are inconsistent to form a cross-shaped double-row water spray cooling, which greatly improves the cooling intensity of the unit flow of cooling water. Each row of cooling water is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, forming a turbulent zone, a laminar zone and a turbulent zone from top to bottom. The superposition of the double rows of cooling water effectively eliminates the laminar zone whose cooling effect is far less than that of the turbulent zone. The double-row cross cooling method can also eliminate the "reflective splashing" formed by the existing single-row cooling water on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, enhance the heat exchange effect between the aluminum alloy ingot and the cooling water, thereby increasing the intensity of the secondary direct cooling; in addition, the incident angle of the second water flow is adjustable, which improves and expands the cooling action area of ​​the cooling water on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, provides different cooling requirements for casting aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications, and can increase the casting speed, thereby improving the production efficiency of aluminum alloy ingots.

[0039] 3. Multiple first cooling water holes, second cooling water holes and nozzles can form multiple first water flows and second water flows, thereby evenly performing secondary direct cooling on multiple locations on the periphery of the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, which can significantly improve the surface quality of the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0040] 4. The inner sleeve and the sealing plate are respectively connected to the outer sleeve by detachable threaded connection. The installation and disassembly operations are simple and the maintenance is convenient, which is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of aluminum alloy ingots. Moreover, by replacing the sealing plate with the appropriate first cooling water hole, the second cooling water hole and the nozzle, aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications can be cast, which greatly improves the applicability of the crystallizer.

[0041] 5. Through the first to fourth notches, the inner sleeve and the sealing disc can be positioned and installed with the outer sleeve respectively, thereby ensuring the structural strength and sealing performance of the crystallizer.

[0042] 6. The inner wall of the graphite ring adopts a symmetrical and tapered structure, which not only allows the lower half of the graphite ring to be turned over and continued to be used when it is worn due to long-term casting, effectively extending the service life of the graphite ring (twice as long as that of the asymmetric structure), but also can further reduce the friction between the aluminum melt and the graphite ring during the casting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0045] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure;

[0047] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part A;

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram of the middle part B;

[0049] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealing disk;

[0050] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nozzle;

[0051] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding sleeve;

[0052] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ring frame.

[0053] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0054] 100, crystallizer body, 110, inner sleeve, 111, annular female stopper, 112, first notch, 120, outer sleeve, 121, second notch, 122, third notch, 130, sealing plate, 131, first cooling water hole, 132, second cooling water hole, 133, annular male stopper, 134, fourth notch, 140, graphite ring;

[0055] 200, water spray mechanism, 210, spray pipe, 211, ball joint, 212, pipe body, 213, nut, 220, sliding sleeve, 221, circular through hole, 222, pin shaft, 230, ring frame, 231, ring belt, 232, U-shaped support plate, 233, T-shaped rod, 240, telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0061] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention.

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0063] See also Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy, comprising:

[0064] The crystallizer body 100 has a casting cavity and a cooling cavity arranged inside and outside, and the cooling cavity is filled with flowing cooling water, which cools the aluminum melt in the casting cavity once in the form of indirect heat exchange to form an aluminum alloy ingot; and

[0065] The water spray mechanism 200 is disposed below the crystallizer body 100 and is used to spray cooling water in the cooling chamber to form a first water flow and a second water flow, which perform secondary cooling on the aluminum alloy ingot pulled out of the casting chamber in the form of direct heat exchange;

[0066] The first water flow has a fixed spray direction, and is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed-point manner; the second water flow has a spray direction that can be adjusted up and down, and is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an irregular-point manner.

[0067] Specifically, the crystallizer body 100 includes an inner sleeve 110, an outer sleeve 120 and a closing disk 130. The inner sleeve 110 is embedded in the outer sleeve 120, and the closing disk 130 is buckled on the lower ends of the inner sleeve 110 and the outer sleeve 120 to seal the annular gap between the latter two; the internal space of the inner sleeve 110 is the casting cavity, and the annular space surrounded by the inner sleeve 110, the outer sleeve 120 and the closing disk 130 is the cooling cavity; the closing disk 130 is provided with a first cooling water hole 131 and a second cooling water hole 132 which are respectively connected to the cooling cavity, and the first cooling water hole 131 is inclined downward and approaches the axis of the casting cavity to spray a first water flow toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed-point manner; the water spraying mechanism 200 is provided with a nozzle 210 which is inclined downward and approaches the axis of the casting cavity, the upper end of the nozzle 210 is sealed and hinged with the outlet of the second cooling water hole 132, and the lower end can swing around the hinge point to spray a second water flow toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an unfixed-point manner.

[0068] During operation, the cooling chamber is filled with flowing cooling water, and the ingot starter (not shown in the figure) used in conjunction with the crystallizer is lifted upward so that its top passes through the sealing plate 130 to form a movable bottom of the casting chamber, and together with the inner sleeve 110, it plays a forming role; after the aluminum melt (molten metal) is injected into the casting chamber, the aluminum melt contacts the side wall of the inner sleeve 110 and the ingot starter, and its heat is transferred to the cooling water in the cooling chamber, which is called primary indirect cooling. At this time, the aluminum melt solidifies along its boundary to form a solidified shell of the aluminum alloy ingot; the aluminum melt continues to be injected into the casting chamber, and when the solidified shell has sufficient strength to support the aluminum melt, the ingot starter moves downward at a given casting speed to solidify the aluminum alloy ingot. The alloy ingot is pulled out of the casting cavity. At this time, the cooling water in the cooling cavity is directly sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot through the first cooling water hole 131 and the second cooling water hole 132 on the sealing plate 130 and the first water flow and the second water flow formed by the nozzle 210, taking away a large amount of heat, which is called secondary direct cooling, and further realizes the cooling and solidification of the aluminum alloy ingot; the swing nozzle 210 can adjust the injection direction (incident angle) of the second water flow up and down, thereby changing the water drop point of the second water flow to meet different cooling requirements, and then casting aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications; in the semi-continuous casting process, the transmission mechanism of the casting machine continuously pulls the aluminum alloy ingot out of the casting cavity through the ingot guide head. That is to say, by using the first water flow with a fixed injection direction and the second water flow with an adjustable injection direction up and down in a static and dynamic manner, different cooling requirements can be met, which effectively improves the versatility of the crystallizer, and can realize the casting of aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications through the crystallizer without replacement, thereby reducing the production cost of aluminum alloy ingots.

[0069] See also Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, the angle between the first cooling water hole 131 (first water flow) and the axis of the casting cavity is 45°, and the angle between the nozzle 210 (second water flow) and the axis of the casting cavity is adjustable within the range of 15 to 35° (i.e., the nozzle 210 has a swing range of 20°). The incident angles of the first water flow and the second water flow are inconsistent to form a cross-shaped double-row water spray cooling, which greatly improves the cooling intensity of the cooling water per unit flow. Each row of cooling water is sprayed onto the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, forming a turbulent zone, a laminar zone and a turbulent zone from top to bottom. The superposition of the double rows of cooling water effectively eliminates the laminar zone whose cooling effect is far less than that of the turbulent zone. The double-row cross cooling method can also eliminate the "reflective splashing" formed by the existing single-row cooling water on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, enhance the heat exchange effect between the aluminum alloy ingot and the cooling water, thereby increasing the intensity of the secondary direct cooling. In addition, the incident angle of the second water flow is adjustable, which improves and expands the cooling action area of ​​the cooling water on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, provides different cooling requirements for casting aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications, and can increase the casting speed, thereby improving the production efficiency of aluminum alloy ingots.

[0070] In order to ensure sufficient flow of the second water flow, the second cooling water hole 132 is vertically opened and its aperture is larger than the inner diameter of the nozzle 210. That is, when the nozzle 210 swings to any angle, the cooling water through the second cooling water hole 132 can be quickly ejected through the nozzle 210 without hindrance.

[0071] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, there are multiple first cooling water holes 131 and second cooling water holes 132 evenly distributed around the circumference of the casting cavity axis, and they are arranged at intervals; there are multiple nozzles 210 evenly distributed around the circumference of the casting cavity axis in a one-to-one correspondence with the second cooling water holes 132. Through the multiple first cooling water holes 131 and second cooling water holes 132 and the nozzles 210, multiple first water flows and second water flows can be formed, thereby evenly performing secondary direct cooling on multiple locations on the outer periphery of the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, which can significantly improve the surface quality of the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0072] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, each nozzle 210 is slidably connected with a sleeve 220, which is rotatably connected to a ring frame 230. The ring frame 230 is coaxial with the casting cavity and is driven by a pair of telescopic rods 240 to move up and down. The pair of telescopic rods 240 are vertically connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate 130 at an interval of 180 degrees. Specifically, each nozzle 210 includes a ball joint 211, a tube body 212 and a nut 213. The ball joint 211 is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the tube body 212 and is sealed and hinged with the outlet of the second cooling water hole 132. The tube body 212 is slidably matched with the circular through hole 221 opened in the middle of the sleeve 220. The nut 213 is threadedly sleeved on the lower end of the tube body 212 to limit the sleeve 220 from separating from the tube body 212; see Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the ring frame 230 includes an annular belt 231, a plurality of U-shaped support plates 232 corresponding to the nozzles 210 are connected to the inner side of the annular belt 231, and a pair of T-shaped rods 233 spaced 180 degrees from each other are connected to the outer side of the annular belt 231; the sliding sleeve 220 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped support plates 232 through the pins 222 provided at both ends thereof, and the T-shaped rod 233 is connected to the working end of the telescopic rod 240. That is, through the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 240, the annular belt 310 moves up and down, driving the sliding sleeve 220 to rotate on the U-shaped support plates 232 and slide along the tube body 212, so that the nozzle 210 swings, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the nozzle 210, and then changing the incident angle of the second water flow.

[0073] In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 240 is preferably a hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0074] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the outer side of the upper end of the inner sleeve 110 is sealed and connected to the inner side of the upper end of the outer sleeve 120 via a pipe thread; the sealing disk 130 is an annular structure, and its outer side is sealed and connected to the inner side of the lower end of the outer sleeve 120 via a pipe thread; the lower ends of the inner sleeve 110 and the outer sleeve 120 are respectively provided with at least two annular female stops 111, and the sealing disk 130 is provided with an annular male stop 133 corresponding to the annular female stop 111; when the sealing disk 130 is screwed into the inner side of the lower end of the outer sleeve 120 in a threaded connection manner, the annular male stop 133 can be inserted into the annular female stop 111 to form a multiple stop seal. That is to say, the inner sleeve 110 and the closing disk 130 are respectively connected to the outer sleeve 120 in a detachable threaded connection manner, and the installation and disassembly operations are simple, and the maintenance is also convenient, which is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of aluminum alloy ingots. Moreover, by replacing the closing disk 130 with suitable first cooling water holes 131, second cooling water holes 132, and nozzle 210, aluminum alloy ingots of different varieties or specifications can be cast, which greatly improves the applicability of the crystallizer.

[0075] In order to prevent the inner sleeve 110 and the sealing disk 130 from being over-tightened on the pipe threads between the outer sleeve 120 during installation and to protect the thread ends of the pipe threads from being damaged, a first notch 112 is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the inner sleeve 110, a second notch 121 and a third notch 122 are provided on the inner sides of the upper end and the lower end of the outer sleeve 120, and a fourth notch 134 is provided on the outer side of the sealing disk 130; when installed in place, the first notch 112 is aligned with the second notch 121, and the third notch 122 is aligned with the fourth notch 134. Through the first to fourth notches, the inner sleeve 110 and the sealing disk 130 can be positioned and installed with the outer sleeve 120, respectively, so as to ensure the structural strength and sealing performance of the crystallizer.

[0076] See also Figure 3 to Figure 5 As shown, the crystallizer body 100 also includes a graphite ring 140, which is lined with the inner wall of the inner sleeve 110, and the upper edge of the graphite ring 140 is in contact with the inner side of the upper end of the inner sleeve 110, and the lower edge is in contact with the inner side of the closing disk 130 (that is, the worn graphite ring 140 can be quickly replaced by removing the closing disk 130). Before starting casting, a layer of lubricating oil is evenly applied on the surface of the graphite ring 140 to form an oil film, and the ingot starter is raised to the lower edge of the graphite ring 140, thereby replacing the inner sleeve 110 to form a semi-closed casting cavity; the oil film can increase the lubrication effect of the casting cavity, reduce the friction between the aluminum melt and the graphite ring 140 during the casting process, and thus ensure the surface quality of the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0077] In this embodiment, the graphite ring 140 is pressed from high-strength and high-toughness graphite for casting, and its inner side wall is symmetrical in structure, and the inner diameter gradually decreases from the upper and lower edges to the middle (i.e., it has a taper, and the angle between its generatrix and the axis of the casting cavity is 1 to 5 degrees). The inner side wall of the graphite ring 140 adopts a symmetrical and tapered structure, which not only allows the lower half of the graphite ring 140 to be turned over and continued to be used when it is worn due to long-term casting, effectively extending the service life of the graphite ring 140 (twice as long as that of an asymmetric structure), but also can further reduce the friction between the aluminum melt and the graphite ring 140 during the casting process.

[0078] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention. Any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without creative work should be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy, characterized in that: include: The crystallizer body has a casting cavity and a cooling cavity arranged inside and outside, and the cooling cavity is filled with flowing cooling water, which cools the aluminum melt in the casting cavity once in the form of indirect heat exchange to form an aluminum alloy ingot; and A water spray mechanism is provided below the crystallizer body and is used to spray cooling water in the cooling cavity to form a first water flow and a second water flow, which performs secondary cooling on the aluminum alloy ingot pulled out of the casting cavity in the form of direct heat exchange; Wherein, the first water flow has a fixed direction, and is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed-point manner; the second water flow has a direction that can be adjusted up and down, and is sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an irregular-point manner.

2. The crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crystallizer body comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and a sealing plate, wherein the inner sleeve is embedded in the outer sleeve, and the sealing plate is buckled at the lower ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve to seal the annular gap between the latter two; The inner space of the inner sleeve is the casting cavity, and the annular space surrounded by the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve and the sealing disk is the cooling cavity; The sealing plate is provided with a first cooling water hole and a second cooling water hole respectively connected to the cooling cavity, the first cooling water hole is inclined downward and close to the axis of the casting cavity to spray a first water flow toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in a fixed manner; The water spray mechanism is provided with a nozzle which is inclined downward and close to the axis of the casting cavity. The upper end of the nozzle is sealed and hinged to the outlet of the second cooling water hole, and the lower end can swing around the hinge point to spray the second water flow toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot in an irregular manner.

3. The crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the first cooling water hole and the axis of the casting cavity is 45°; The angle between the nozzle and the axis of the casting cavity is adjustable within the range of 15 to 35 degrees.

4. The semi-continuous casting mold for aluminum alloy according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first cooling water holes and the second cooling water holes are respectively uniformly distributed in a plurality around the circumference of the casting cavity axis, and are arranged at intervals from each other; A plurality of the nozzles are evenly distributed around the circumference of the casting cavity axis in one-to-one correspondence with the second cooling water holes.

5. The crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the nozzles is slidably connected with a sliding sleeve; The sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to a ring frame; The ring frame is coaxial with the casting cavity and is driven by a pair of telescopic rods to move up and down; A pair of telescopic rods are vertically connected to the bottom surface of the sealing plate at an interval of 180 degrees.

6. The crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the nozzles comprises a ball joint, a tube body and a nut, wherein the ball joint is threadedly sleeved on the upper end of the tube body and is sealed and hinged with the outlet of the second cooling water hole, the tube body is slidably matched with a circular through hole opened in the middle of the sleeve, and the nut is threadedly sleeved on the lower end of the tube body to limit the sleeve from separating from the tube body; The ring frame comprises an annular belt, a plurality of U-shaped support plates corresponding to the nozzles are connected to the inner side of the annular belt, and a pair of T-shaped rods spaced 180 degrees from each other are connected to the outer side of the annular belt; The sliding sleeve is rotatably connected to the U-shaped support plate through pins arranged at both ends thereof, and the T-shaped rod is connected to the working end of the telescopic rod.

7. The semi-continuous casting mold for aluminum alloy according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The outer side of the upper end of the inner sleeve is sealed and connected with the inner side of the upper end of the outer sleeve via a pipe thread; The sealing disk is an annular structure, and its outer side is sealed and connected to the inner side of the lower end of the outer sleeve through a pipe thread; The lower ends of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are respectively provided with at least two annular female stops, and the sealing disc is provided with an annular male stop corresponding to the annular female stops; When the sealing disk is screwed into the inner side of the lower end of the outer sleeve in a threaded connection manner, the annular male stop can be inserted into the annular female stop to form a multiple stop seal.

8. The crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first notch is formed on the outer side of the upper end of the inner sleeve, a second notch and a third notch are formed on the inner sides of the upper end and the lower end of the outer sleeve, respectively, and a fourth notch is formed on the outer side of the sealing plate; When installed in place, the first notch is aligned with the second notch, and the third notch is aligned with the fourth notch.

9. The semi-continuous casting mold for aluminum alloy according to claim 2 or 8, characterized in that: The crystallizer body also includes a graphite ring; The graphite ring is lined on the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and the upper edge of the graphite ring is in contact with the inner side of the upper end of the inner sleeve, and the lower edge of the graphite ring is in contact with the inner side of the sealing disk.

10. The crystallizer for semi-continuous casting of aluminum alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner wall of the graphite ring is in a vertically symmetrical structure, and its inner diameter gradually decreases from the upper and lower edges to the middle.

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