Fender structure and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a fender structure and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicles, the number of first holes in the unit area of a first area is set to be larger than the number of second holes in the unit area of a second area, so that the first holes are distributed more densely in the first area. The first area is smaller than the second area, so that more first holes can be formed in the same unit area, and the density of the first holes formed in the first area is larger than that of the second holes formed in the second area. According to the fender structure, the first area around the installation area has higher strength and stability, when the fender structure is fixedly installed, the first area is not prone to being damaged, the fender structure has good bearing performance, the service life of the fender structure is prolonged, and the fender structure is suitable for popularization and application. And the second area except the mounting area and the first area is provided with the second holes with small density, so that the fender is lighter in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a fender structure and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In order to reduce the risk of damage to the vehicle body and tires by mud, stones and other debris, vehicles are usually equipped with fender structures.

[0003] Common fender structures use thick-walled fiberglass materials to provide good rigidity and strength, but thick-walled glass materials make the fender structure heavier, which may affect the center of gravity of the vehicle and reduce the vehicle's handling performance. In addition, some fender structures use plastic materials to achieve lightweight, but the load-bearing capacity of the resulting fender structure decreases, which in turn reduces the service life of the fender structure. Therefore, how to balance the relationship between lightweight fender structure and load-bearing performance is an issue worthy of attention. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a fender structure and a vehicle so that the fender structure can achieve the advantage of lightweight and also have certain load-bearing performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fender structure, comprising a first carbon fiber layer and a second carbon fiber layer coated on an outer surface of the first carbon fiber layer;

[0006] The first carbon fiber layer includes a mounting area, a first area arranged around the mounting area, and a second area other than the mounting area and the first area, and the second area is adjacent to the first area; a thickness direction of the fender structure is defined as a first direction; a plurality of first holes that are not connected to each other are opened along the first direction on the first area, and a plurality of second holes that are not connected to each other are opened along the first direction on the second area;

[0007] A plane perpendicular to the first direction is defined as a reference plane, an area of ​​an orthographic projection of the first hole on the reference plane is defined as a first area, and an area of ​​an orthographic projection of the second hole on the reference plane is defined as a second area; the first area is smaller than the second area;

[0008] The number of the first holes per unit area of ​​the first region is greater than the number of the second holes per unit area of ​​the second region.

[0009] In one embodiment, all the first holes have the same shape; and / or

[0010] All second holes have the same shape; and / or

[0011] The opening shapes of all the first holes and all the second holes are the same; and / or

[0012] The ratio of the second area to the first area is 1.5 to 2.5.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second carbon fiber layer comprises:

[0014] A substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; and

[0015] A plurality of reinforcement layers are arranged on at least one of the first surface and the second surface; the reinforcement layers are all arranged to extend longitudinally.

[0016] In one embodiment, the reinforcing layer has a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other along the longitudinal extension direction of the reinforcing layer;

[0017] The direction from the first end to the second end is defined as the target direction, and the surface of the first surface and the second surface provided with the reinforcement layer is defined as the target surface; in the same target surface, the target directions corresponding to the multiple reinforcement layers intersect with each other.

[0018] In one embodiment, the reinforcement layer has a laminated portion between a first end and a second end;

[0019] In the same target surface, the stacked portions of all the reinforcement layers are stacked on the target surface.

[0020] In one embodiment, on the same target surface, all target directions include a first target direction, a second target direction, a third target direction, and a fourth target direction;

[0021] The angle between the second target direction and the first target direction is 45 degrees; the angle between the fourth target direction and the first target direction is 45 degrees, and the fourth target direction and the second target direction are perpendicular to each other; the third target direction and the first target direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0022] In one embodiment, the reinforcing layer extending along the first target direction is defined as the first reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer extending along the second target direction is defined as the second reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer extending along the third target direction is defined as the third reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing layer extending along the fourth target direction is defined as the fourth reinforcing layer, the substrate is longitudinally extended, and the first target direction is parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the substrate;

[0023] The portion of the reinforcement layer other than the stacking portion is defined as the reinforcement portion; the ratio of the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the first reinforcement layer, the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the second reinforcement layer, the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the third reinforcement layer, and the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the fourth reinforcement layer is 28:29:14:29.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first carbon fiber layer further includes a rounded area, the first carbon fiber layer further includes a woven body disposed in the rounded area and a plurality of raised portions disposed between the woven body and the second carbon fiber layer, and the woven body is at least partially configured to be hollow;

[0025] wherein the rounded area is adjacent to the first area; and / or

[0026] The rounded area is adjacent to the second area.

[0027] In one embodiment, the raised portion has a first surface arranged along a raised direction of the raised portion and facing away from the woven body, the first surface is configured as a plane, and the plane where the first surface is located is perpendicular to the raised direction.

[0028] In one embodiment, all the protrusions constitute a plurality of protrusion units, and the protrusion unit includes a plurality of protrusions;

[0029] The protrusion unit includes two first sub-protrusions spaced apart along the second direction and two second sub-protrusions spaced apart along the third direction, each of the first sub-protrusions has a first plane, and all of the second sub-protrusions have a second plane; the shape of the first plane and the shape of the second plane are both configured as an isosceles triangle; the first surface includes the first plane and the second plane;

[0030] The two first symmetry axes of the two first planes are parallel to the second direction and overlap with each other, and the two first sub-protrusions are symmetrically arranged relative to the third direction; the two second symmetry axes of the two second planes are parallel to the third direction and overlap with each other, and the two second sub-protrusions are symmetrically arranged relative to the second direction; the second direction, the third direction and the protrusion direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0031] In one embodiment, all the protrusion units are arranged in rows along the second direction and in columns along the third direction.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising a fender structure according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0033] The above-mentioned fender structure and vehicle, by setting the number of first holes per unit area of ​​the first area to be greater than the number of second holes per unit area of ​​the second area, make the first holes more densely distributed in the first area. And if the first area is smaller than the second area, more first holes can be opened in the same unit area, so the density of the first holes opened in the first area is greater than the density of the second holes opened in the second area. The first area around the installation area has higher strength and stability, and when the fender structure is fixedly installed, the first area is not easily damaged, so that the fender structure has good load-bearing performance, thereby extending the service life of the fender structure, and the second holes with less density are opened in the second area except the installation area and the first area, so that the fender structure is more lightweight. In this way, the fender structure not only achieves the advantage of lightweight but also has certain load-bearing performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a fender structure provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0035] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fender structure in FIG. 1 .

[0036] FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the fender structure at point a in FIG. 2 .

[0037] FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a second carbon fiber layer in the fender structure in FIG. 1 in some embodiments.

[0038] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first reinforcement layer of the second carbon fiber layer in FIG. 4 in some embodiments.

[0039] FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third reinforcement layer of the second carbon fiber layer in FIG. 4 in some embodiments.

[0040] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second reinforcement layer of the second carbon fiber layer in FIG. 4 in some embodiments.

[0041] FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth reinforcement layer of the second carbon fiber layer in FIG. 4 in some embodiments.

[0042] FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of the fender structure at point b in FIG. 2 .

[0043] FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the fender structure in FIG. 1 at another viewing angle.

[0044] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fender structure in FIG. 10 at position HH.

[0045] FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fender structure in FIG. 2 .

[0046] The reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0047] 100. Fender structure, 1. First carbon fiber layer, A. Installation area, C1. First area, C2. Second area, Y. Smooth area, K1. First hole, K2. Second hole, 2. Second carbon fiber layer, B. Base plate, Q. Reinforcement layer, C. Lamination portion, D1. First end, D2. Second end, P1. First reinforcement layer, P2. Second reinforcement layer, P3. Third reinforcement layer, P4. Fourth reinforcement layer, BZ. Braided body, T. Raised portion, T1. First sub-raised portion, T2. Second sub-raised portion, J1. First area, J2. Second area, M1. First plane, M2. Second plane;

[0048] F1, first direction, F2, second direction, F3, third direction, F4, longitudinal extension direction of substrate B, Fm1, first target direction, Fm2, second target direction, Fm3, third target direction, Fm4, fourth target direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0051] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0052] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like appear, these terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if there is a description that a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, etc., or similar descriptions appear, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0054] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0055] 1 and 2, FIG1 shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fender structure 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application, and FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fender structure 100 in FIG1. ​​The present application provides a fender structure 100, comprising a first carbon fiber layer 1 and a second carbon fiber layer 2 coated on the outer surface of the first carbon fiber layer 1.

[0056] The "carbon fiber" in the carbon fiber layer refers to high-strength and high-modulus fibers with a carbon content of more than 90%, and the "carbon fiber layer" refers to a thin layer of material made of carbon fiber. "Coating" refers to covering the surface of an object with another material. Specifically in this application, the second carbon fiber layer 2 covers the outer surface of the first carbon fiber layer 1. In some embodiments, the first carbon fiber layer 1 and the second carbon fiber layer 2 can be fixed together by oxidized resin adhesive.

[0057] The first carbon fiber layer 1 includes a mounting area A, a first area C1 disposed around the mounting area A, and a second area C2 excluding the mounting area A and the first area C1. The first area C1 and the second area C2 are adjacent to each other.

[0058] "Region" refers to the division of carbon fiber into different spatial units. The installation region A is the part of the carbon fiber layer used to install certain components. The first region C1 is arranged around the installation region A and needs to bear a certain strength. The second region C2 is the part adjacent to the first region C1 except the installation region A and the first region C1 and needs to be designed to be more lightweight. Among them, "adjacent" means that two regions are in direct contact. Specifically, in this application, it means that there is no interval between the first region C1 and the second region C2, and the first region C1 and the second region C2 share a part of the boundary.

[0059] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 and in combination with FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the fender structure 100 at a in FIG. 2 . The thickness direction of the fender structure 100 is defined as the first direction F1, and a plurality of first holes K1 that are not connected to each other are provided along the first direction F1 on the first region C1, and a plurality of second holes K2 that are not connected to each other are provided along the first direction F1 on the second region C2. A plane perpendicular to the first direction F1 is defined as a reference plane, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the first hole K1 on the reference plane is the first area J1, and the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the second hole K2 on the reference plane is the second area J2. The first area J1 is set to be smaller than the second area J2, and the number of the first holes K1 per unit area of ​​the first region C1 is greater than the number of the second holes K2 per unit area of ​​the second region C2. The first direction F1 may refer to the direction of the first hole K1 indicated by K1 in FIG. 3 , or may refer to the direction of the second hole K2 indicated by K2 in FIG. 3 .

[0060] By setting the number of first holes K1 per unit area of ​​the first area C1 to be greater than the number of second holes K2 per unit area of ​​the second area C2, the first holes K1 are more densely distributed in the first area C1. And by setting the first area J1 to be smaller than the second area J2, more first holes K1 can be opened in the same unit area, so the density of the first holes K1 opened in the first area C1 is greater than the density of the second holes K2 opened in the second area C2. The first area C1 around the installation area A has higher strength and stability. When the fender structure 100 is fixedly installed, the first area C1 is not easily damaged, so that the fender structure 100 has good bearing performance, thereby extending the service life of the fender structure 100. In addition, the second holes K2 with a small density are opened in the second area C2 except the installation area A and the first area C1, so that the fender structure 100 can be reduced by 60% on the premise of meeting the structural stiffness and strength performance, and a lightweight design is achieved.

[0061] In this way, the fender structure 100 not only achieves the advantage of being lightweight but also has a certain load-bearing performance.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, with continued reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 , all first holes K1 have the same shape; and / or, all second holes K2 have the same shape; and / or, all first holes K1 and all second holes K2 have the same opening shape; and / or, the ratio of the second area J2 to the first area J1 is 1.5 to 2.5.

[0063] In some embodiments, including but not limited to the following:

[0064] When "all the first holes K1 have the same shape", multiple first holes K1 of the same shape can evenly distribute the load, enhance the overall structural consistency of the first area C1, and make the mechanical properties of the first area C1 of the first carbon fiber layer 1 more uniform. The same shape facilitates processing and production, simplifies the production process, and improves production efficiency in the first area C1.

[0065] Similarly, when "all second holes K2 have the same shape", multiple second holes K2 of the same shape can evenly distribute the load, thereby enhancing the consistency of the overall structure of the second area C2, making the mechanical properties of the second area C2 of the first carbon fiber layer 1 more uniform, and the same shape facilitates processing and production, further improving the production efficiency of the second area C2.

[0066] When "the shapes of all first holes K1 and all second holes K2 are the same", the overall structural consistency of the first area C1 and the second area C2 can be further enhanced, so that the mechanical properties of the first carbon fiber layer 1 are more uniform, and the same shape is convenient for processing and production, thereby further improving the production efficiency of the first carbon fiber layer 1.

[0067] In some embodiments, the shapes of the first hole K1 and the second hole K2 can be configured to be roughly hexagonal, that is, a honeycomb structure, and the first carbon fiber layer 1 is a carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich. Due to the high tensile strength of carbon fiber materials, the integrated honeycomb structure of carbon fiber materials has better durability and durability. Due to the symmetry of the hexagon, the honeycomb sandwich structure has similar mechanical properties in all directions, so that the carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure can evenly withstand directional loads, and each hexagonal hole can evenly disperse the forces from all directions, making the overall structure more durable. In addition, the hexagonal arrangement can make the number of holes of the same area more and the arrangement more closely. Compared with solid materials of the same weight, the honeycomb structure has higher strength and stiffness, which can save materials and reduce the weight of the overall fender structure 100. At the same time, the density, size, arrangement mode, etc. of the honeycomb structure can be adjusted according to the load transfer path, that is, according to the requirements of the above-mentioned different regions for stiffness and strength, so as to achieve the optimal arrangement of the material. In addition, the honeycomb structure is hollow inside and arranged regularly, and also has a good sound insulation and noise reduction effect. Furthermore, the honeycomb structure can be set to have different thicknesses in different regions or different positions to meet the requirements of stiffness and strength of the fender structure 100 at different positions and to reasonably allocate materials. For example, the honeycomb structure in the first region can be set to have a larger thickness to meet the requirements of strength and stiffness in the first region C1. The second region C2 has lower requirements for stiffness and strength, and the honeycomb structure in the second region C2 can be set to have a smaller thickness to make the fender structure 100 lighter. Furthermore, since the honeycomb structure is set to have different thicknesses, the fender structure 100 can be designed into an irregular shape. For example, the appearance of the fender structure 100 is set to a curved surface, which can better guide air flow, reduce air resistance when the vehicle is driving, and improve fuel efficiency and vehicle stability.

[0068] In the case of "the ratio of the second area J2 to the first area J1 is 1.5 to 2.5", illustratively, the ratio of the second area J2 to the first area J1 can be 1.5, 2, 2.5, etc. When the ratio of the second area J2 to the first area J1 is within the range of 1.5 to 2.5, more dense first holes K1 can be opened in the first area C1 surrounding the installation area A, and second holes K2 with a lower density than the first area C1 can be opened in the second area C2, thereby effectively balancing the need for the first carbon fiber layer 1 to have a certain strength while achieving lightweight of the first carbon fiber layer 1.

[0069] The above-mentioned “all first holes K1 have the same shape”, “all second holes K2 have the same shape”, “all first holes K1 and all second holes K2 have the same shape” and “the ratio of the second area J2 to the first area J1 is 1.5 to 2.5” can be arbitrarily combined and set according to actual conditions.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, reference may be made to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, which is a top view of the second carbon fiber layer 2 in the fender structure 100 in FIG. 1 in some embodiments. The second carbon fiber layer 2 includes a substrate B having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other and a plurality of reinforcement layers Q.

[0071] The "substrate B" is composed of long-chain fiber bundles, and each fiber in the fiber bundle is arranged in a crystal structure. The "reinforcement layer Q" on the surface is a protective layer composed of carbides, ceramics and other materials, which can reduce the risk of damage to the carbon fiber substrate B by the external environment and strengthen the strength of the overall second carbon fiber layer 2 structure.

[0072] A plurality of reinforcement layers Q are disposed on at least one of the first surface and the second surface, and the reinforcement layers Q are all disposed to extend longitudinally.

[0073] It can be understood that multiple reinforcement layers Q can be arranged on the first surface, multiple reinforcement layers Q can be arranged on the second surface, and multiple reinforcement layers Q can be arranged on the first surface and the second surface. "Longitudinal length" reflects the characteristics along the length direction, and "extended setting" means that the layout or setting is continuous. Among them, the reinforcement layer Q can be a ply, and the basic steps of the ply process are: first, the ply process uses prepreg materials, such as weftless cloth, weftless tape, woven fabric, etc., which are pre-impregnated with resin; then, according to a predetermined direction and sequence, these prepreg materials are laid layer by layer in the mold until the required thickness or number of layers is reached; then, after the paving is completed, the material is cured by heating and pressurizing; finally, the cured material needs to be demolded and trimmed to obtain the final product.

[0074] In this way, the arrangement of multiple reinforcement layers Q improves the strength and rigidity of the overall second carbon fiber layer 2 .

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, reference may be made to FIG. 4. The reinforcing layer Q has a first end D1 and a second end D2 which are arranged opposite to each other along the longitudinal extension direction of the reinforcing layer Q. The direction from the first end D1 to the second end D2 is defined as the target direction, and the surface of the first surface and the second surface on which the reinforcing layer Q is arranged is defined as the target surface. In the same target surface, the target directions corresponding to the multiple reinforcing layers Q intersect each other.

[0076] It can be understood that, in the same target surface, target directions corresponding to multiple enhancement layers Q intersect with each other, which means that any two directions among the multiple target directions corresponding to the multiple enhancement layers Q intersect with each other.

[0077] By arranging the reinforcement layer Q in different directions, it is possible to provide strength and stiffness to the second carbon fiber layer 2 in multiple directions, balance the external load, and make the second carbon fiber layer 2 exhibit better mechanical properties when subjected to loads in multiple directions.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 4 , the reinforcement layer Q has a stacking portion C between the first end D1 and the second end D2 . In the same target surface, the stacking portions C of all reinforcement layers Q are stacked on the target surface.

[0079] Referring to FIG. 4 , the stacking parts C are stacked on each other on the target surface. Stacking means that multiple stacking parts C are placed one after another in a certain order so as to form a stacked structure in a direction perpendicular to the target surface. In this way, the arrangement of multiple reinforcement parts is more regular, and it is more convenient to adjust the number of layers of multiple reinforcement layers Q in different target directions to meet different performances.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, reference may be continued to FIG4. In the same target surface, all target directions include a first target direction Fm1, a second target direction Fm2, a third target direction Fm3, and a fourth target direction Fm4. The second target direction Fm2 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the first target direction Fm1, the fourth target direction Fm4 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the first target direction Fm1, and the fourth target direction Fm4 and the second target direction Fm2 are perpendicular to each other, and the third target direction Fm3 and the first target direction Fm1 are perpendicular to each other.

[0081] As shown in Figure 4, the four directions roughly form a "M" shape on the target surface. In this way, the acute angle between two adjacent directions in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction is 45 degrees. In this way, the reinforcement layer Q is more evenly distributed, and the external loads in all directions are more evenly balanced.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, with continued reference to FIG. 4 , the reinforcing layer Q extending along the first target direction Fm1 is defined as the first reinforcing layer P1, the reinforcing layer Q extending along the second target direction Fm2 is defined as the second reinforcing layer P2, the reinforcing layer Q extending along the third target direction Fm3 is defined as the third reinforcing layer P3, and the reinforcing layer Q extending along the fourth target direction Fm4 is defined as the fourth reinforcing layer P4. The first target direction Fm1 is parallel to the longitudinal extension direction F4 of the substrate B.

[0083] Further, with reference to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first reinforcement layer P1 of the second carbon fiber layer 2 in Figure 4 in some embodiments, Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third reinforcement layer P3 of the second carbon fiber layer 2 in Figure 4 in some embodiments, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second reinforcement layer P2 of the second carbon fiber layer 2 in Figure 4 in some embodiments, and Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth reinforcement layer P4 of the second carbon fiber layer 2 in Figure 4 in some embodiments. In some embodiments, each of the above reinforcement layers is a unidirectional fiberboard, and the second carbon fiber layer can adopt unidirectional carbon fiber boards of different performance levels, different arrangement directions, and different thicknesses according to the stiffness and strength requirements. "Unidirectional carbon fiber board" refers to a board made of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced material, which is characterized in that the arrangement direction of the carbon fibers is consistent and arranged in one direction.

[0084] Multiple reinforcement layers Q are arranged at multiple different angles to reduce the influence of thermal stress on the structure of the second carbon fiber layer 2 and reduce the Poisson's ratio. Wherein, "Poisson's ratio" refers to the ratio of the transverse strain to the longitudinal strain in the direction perpendicular to the force when the material is stretched or compressed, the transverse strain refers to the ratio of the length change of the material in the direction perpendicular to the stretching or compression direction to the original length, and the longitudinal strain refers to the ratio of the length change of the material in the stretching or compression direction to the original length. When the fender structure 100 is working, the substrate B is subjected to the largest force in the longitudinal extension direction F4 of the substrate B, and the present application increases the bearing capacity of the substrate B in the transverse direction by arranging more first reinforcement layers P1 in the first target direction Fm1, so that when the substrate B is subjected to the load in the longitudinal extension direction F4 of the substrate B, the transverse load can be balanced as much as possible, and the deformation of the fender structure 100 in the transverse direction, that is, the longitudinal extension direction F4 of the substrate B, is reduced, so that the transverse strain is reduced, and then the absolute value of the Poisson's ratio is reduced.

[0085] When the second carbon fiber layer 2 is subjected to force, the substrate B will stretch and compress in its longitudinal extension direction. Setting the first target extension direction parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the substrate B can further improve the bearing capacity of the second carbon fiber layer 2.

[0086] In some other embodiments, the substrate B may be roughly rectangular, and the outer contour of the target surface is a square. In this case, the substrate B has no clear longitudinal extension direction. In this case, the first target extension direction may be set parallel to a straight line on which any side of the square lies.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the portion of the reinforcement layer Q other than the stacking portion C is defined as a reinforcement portion; the ratio of the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the first reinforcement layer P1, the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the second reinforcement layer P2, the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the third reinforcement layer P3, and the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the fourth reinforcement layer P4 is 28:29:14:29.

[0088] When the substrate B is subjected to a load, it is easy to stretch and compress in its longitudinal extension direction. Through experiments, the inventor found that when the ratio of the maximum thickness of the reinforcement part of the first reinforcement layer P1 to the maximum thickness of the laminated part C is 29%, the bearing capacity of the substrate B in the longitudinal direction can be further improved. The third reinforcement layer P3 is set to balance the bearing capacity of the substrate B in the third target direction Fm3, and the bearing capacity of the third target direction Fm3 is smaller than that of the first target direction Fm1, but it needs to withstand a certain bearing capacity. The ratio of the maximum thickness of the reinforcement part of the first reinforcement layer P1 to the maximum thickness of the laminated part C must be at least greater than 10%. Through experiments, the inventor found that when the ratio of the maximum thickness of the reinforcement part Q of the third reinforcement layer P3 to the maximum thickness of the laminated part C is 14%, the bearing capacity of the entire second carbon fiber layer 2 can be further improved.

[0089] In order to improve the deformation capacity of the second carbon fiber layer 2, one of the first reinforcement layer Q and the last reinforcement layer Q is the second reinforcement layer P2, and the other is the fourth reinforcement layer P4. This laying method makes the second carbon fiber layer 2 have similar tensile and compressive strengths in the first target direction Fm1 and the third target direction Fm3, thereby reducing the warping caused by stress concentration in a certain direction, thereby reducing the risk of structural warping of the second carbon fiber layer 2 caused by tension-bending coupling, etc.

[0090] The ratio of the number of the second reinforcement layers P2 to the number of all reinforcement layers and the ratio of the number of the fourth reinforcement layers P4 to the number of all reinforcement layers are both 29%.

[0091] And adopt the order of laying a first reinforcement layer P1 or a third reinforcement layer P3 between the second reinforcement layer P2 and the fourth reinforcement layer P4, that is, adopt the first method, in which the second reinforcement layer P2, the third reinforcement layer P3, and the fourth reinforcement layer P4 are laid in sequence, or adopt the second method, in which the second reinforcement layer P2, the first reinforcement layer P1, and the fourth reinforcement layer P4 are laid in sequence, or adopt the third method, in which the fourth reinforcement layer P4, the first reinforcement layer P1, and the second reinforcement layer P2 are laid in sequence, or adopt the fourth method, in which the fourth reinforcement layer P4, the third reinforcement layer P3, and the second reinforcement layer P2 are laid in sequence.

[0092] To facilitate understanding of the structure of the second carbon fiber layer 2, the following briefly describes the laying order of the reinforcement layers Q in some embodiments. Please refer to Figure 4. Looking down from a direction perpendicular to the target surface, multiple reinforcement layers Q are arranged on the target surface.

[0093] In some embodiments, the substrate B is placed on an operating table, and the laying process of multiple reinforcement layers Q is to first lay out the second reinforcement layer P2 along the second target direction Fm2 on the target surface of the substrate B, and then lay out the first reinforcement layer P1, the fourth reinforcement layer P4, the third reinforcement layer P3, the second reinforcement layer P2, the first reinforcement layer P1 and the fourth reinforcement layer P4 in sequence.

[0094] In some other embodiments, the substrate B is placed on an operating table, and the laying process of multiple reinforcement layers Q is to first lay out the fourth reinforcement layer P4 along a fourth target direction Fm4 on the target surface of the substrate B, and then lay out the first reinforcement layer P1, the second reinforcement layer P2, the third reinforcement layer P3, the fourth reinforcement layer P4, the first reinforcement layer P1 and the second reinforcement layer P2.

[0095] By laying the above two processes, the bearing capacity of the overall second carbon fiber layer 2 can be enhanced, and at the same time, the weight of the second carbon fiber layer 2 will be moderate, balancing the weight and bearing capacity requirements of the fender structure 100. Compared with the continuous laying of the second reinforcement layer P2 and then the continuous laying of the fourth reinforcement layer P4, for example, first laying the fourth reinforcement layer P4, the first reinforcement layer P1, the fourth reinforcement layer P4 in sequence, and then the second reinforcement layer P4, the third reinforcement layer P3, the second reinforcement layer P2, the first reinforcement layer P1, the second reinforcement layer P2, the second reinforcement layer P2, the first reinforcement layer P1, the fourth reinforcement layer P4, the third reinforcement layer P3, the second reinforcement layer P2, the first reinforcement layer P1 and the fourth reinforcement layer P4 in sequence, the reinforcement layer Q in each direction can be distributed more evenly, and the number of interlaced layers in the adjacent two second reinforcement layers P2 and the adjacent two fourth reinforcement layers P4 is more, so the bonding performance between the layers can be effectively improved.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present application, reference may be made to FIG. 2 and FIG. 9, which is a partial enlarged view of the fender structure 100 at b in FIG. 2. The first carbon fiber layer 1 further includes a rounded region Y, the first carbon fiber layer 1 further includes a woven body BZ disposed in the rounded region Y and a plurality of raised portions T disposed between the woven body BZ and the second carbon fiber layer 2, the woven body BZ being at least partially configured to be hollow; the rounded region Y is adjacent to the second region C2; and / or, the first region C1 is adjacent to the second region C2.

[0097] It can be understood that the "smooth area Y" refers to the area where the smooth part is located on the first carbon fiber layer 1. The smooth area Y is adjacent to the first area C1; and / or, the smooth area Y is adjacent to the second area C2, including the first case where all boundaries of the smooth area Y are adjacent to the first area C1, the second case where all boundaries of the smooth area Y are adjacent to the second area C2, and the third case where a part of the boundary of the smooth area Y is adjacent to the first area C1, and a part of the area of ​​the smooth area Y is adjacent to the second area C2.

[0098] The "braided body BZ" refers to the skeleton of the braided structure, and the braided body BZ is at least partially configured to be hollow, so that the entire braided body BZ is more lightweight. The protrusion T is provided on the braided body BZ to enable the braided body BZ to effectively resist the impact of external forces.

[0099] The rounded area Y of the fender structure 100 is an area prone to stress concentration. The hollow characteristics of the woven body BZ and the setting of the raised portion T in this area can achieve lightweighting of the fender structure 100 while ensuring that the rounded area Y meets the local strength requirements.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 2 and 9, the raised portion T has a first surface arranged along the raised direction of the raised portion T and away from the woven body BZ, the first surface is constructed as a plane, and the plane where the first surface is located is perpendicular to the raised direction.

[0101] The first surface is constructed as a plane, which is more convenient for processing and manufacturing, and the first surface is constructed as a plane, which is more convenient for the second carbon fiber layer 2 to be coated on the first surface.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 9 , all the protrusions T constitute a plurality of protrusion units, the protrusion unit includes a plurality of protrusions T, the protrusion unit includes two first sub-protrusions T1 spaced apart along the second direction F2 and two second sub-protrusions T2 spaced apart along the third direction F3, the first sub-protrusions T1 all have a first plane M1, and all the second sub-protrusions T2 all have a second plane M2. The first surface includes the first plane M1 and the second plane M2.

[0103] The shapes of the first plane M1 and the second plane M2 are both constructed as isosceles triangles, the two first symmetry axes of the two first planes M1 are parallel to the second direction F2 and coincide with each other, and the two first sub-protrusions T1 are symmetrically arranged relative to the third direction F3. The two second symmetry axes of the two second planes M2 are parallel to the third direction F3 and coincide with each other, and the two second sub-protrusions T2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second direction F2. The second direction F2, the third direction F3 and the protrusion direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0104] It can be understood that the structure of an isosceles triangle includes the structure of a right-angled isosceles triangle and the structure of an equilateral triangle. And refer to Figure 4. The extension lines of the four waists of the isosceles triangles of the two first planes M1 can roughly form an X shape, which can effectively improve the oblique bearing capacity of the first carbon fiber layer 1. Similarly, the extension lines of the four waists of the isosceles triangles of the two second planes M2 can also roughly form an X shape, further improving the oblique bearing capacity of the first carbon fiber layer 1.

[0105] By making the two first symmetry axes of the two first planes M1 parallel to the second direction F2 and overlapping with each other, the two first sub-protrusions T1 are symmetrically arranged relative to the third direction F3, and the two second symmetry axes of the two second planes M2 are parallel to the third direction F3 and overlapping with each other, the two second sub-protrusions T2 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second direction F2, and the second direction F2, the third direction F3 and the protrusion direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0106] In this way, the first sub-protrusion portion T1 and the second sub-protrusion portion T2 of each protrusion unit are distributed more evenly, which saves layout space and facilitates large-scale deployment and expansion.

[0107] In some embodiments of the present application, with continued reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 9 , all the protrusion units are arranged in rows along the second direction F2 and in columns along the third direction F3 .

[0108] The arrangement of rows and columns makes the arrangement of the protruding units more uniform, making the bearing capacity of the entire first carbon fiber layer 1 more uniform, which helps to reduce the deformation of the entire first carbon fiber layer 1 structure when subjected to external forces and improve the stability of the overall structure. In addition, the arrangement of rows and columns facilitates the use of automated and standardized manufacturing processes to improve production efficiency. The arrangement of rows and columns can achieve a high-density layout and effectively utilize space.

[0109] In addition, in some embodiments, referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the fender structure 100 in FIG. 1 at another viewing angle, and FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the fender structure 100 at HH in FIG. 10 , reinforcing ribs J may be arranged on the second carbon fiber layer 2 to further enhance the strength of the entire fender structure 100 .

[0110] Based on the same inventive concept, reference may be made to Fig. 12, which is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fender structure 100 in Fig. 2. The present application embodiment provides a vehicle, comprising the fender structure 100 and a mounting member AZ in any of the above embodiments, wherein the mounting member AZ is disposed in the mounting area A.

[0111] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned fender structure 100 can be used on both sides of a commercial vehicle. The carbon fiber covering layer 1 on one side of the fender structure 100 is connected and fixed to the metal bracket of the body-in-white by bolts and nuts, and adhesive is used to enhance the connection strength when necessary, together forming a fender assembly.

[0112] The advantages possessed by the above fender structure 100 are also possessed by the vehicle, which will not be elaborated here.

[0113] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0114] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A fender structure, It is characterized in that comprising a first carbon fiber layer and a second carbon fiber layer coated on a surface of the first carbon fiber layer; The first carbon fiber layer includes a mounting area, a first area arranged around the mounting area, and a second area other than the mounting area and the first area, and the second area is adjacent to the first area; the thickness direction of the fender structure is defined as a first direction; a plurality of first holes that are not connected to each other are opened in the first area along the first direction, and a plurality of second holes that are not connected to each other are opened in the second area along the first direction; A plane perpendicular to the first direction is defined as a reference plane, an area of ​​an orthographic projection of the first hole on the reference plane is defined as a first area, and an area of ​​an orthographic projection of the second hole on the reference plane is defined as a second area; the first area is smaller than the second area; The number of the first holes per unit area of ​​the first region is greater than the number of the second holes per unit area of ​​the second region.

2. The fender structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that All of the first holes have the same shape; and / or All of the second holes have the same shape; and / or The opening shapes of all the first holes and all the second holes are the same; and / or The ratio of the second area to the first area is 1.5 to 2.

5.

3. The fender structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second carbon fiber layer comprises: A substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; and A plurality of reinforcement layers are arranged on at least one of the first surface and the second surface; the reinforcement layers are all extended longitudinally.

4. The fender structure according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The reinforcing layer has a first end and a second end which are arranged opposite to each other along the longitudinal extension direction of the reinforcing layer; The direction from the first end to the second end is defined as a target direction, and the surface of the first surface and the second surface where the reinforcement layer is provided is defined as a target surface; in the same target surface, target directions corresponding to a plurality of reinforcement layers intersect with each other.

5. The fender structure according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The reinforcing layer has a laminated portion between the first end and the second end; In the same target surface, the stacked portions of all the reinforcement layers are stacked on the target surface.

6. The fender structure according to claim 5, It is characterized in that In the same target surface, all the target directions include a first target direction, a second target direction, a third target direction and a fourth target direction; The angle between the second target direction and the first target direction is 45 degrees; the angle between the fourth target direction and the first target direction is 45 degrees, and the fourth target direction and the second target direction are perpendicular to each other; The third target direction and the first target direction are perpendicular to each other.

7. The fender structure according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The reinforcing layer extending along the first target direction is defined as a first reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer extending along the second target direction is defined as a second reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer extending along the third target direction is defined as a third reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing layer extending along the fourth target direction is defined as a fourth reinforcing layer, the substrate is longitudinally extended, and the first target direction is parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the substrate; and / or The portion of the reinforcement layer other than the stacking portion is defined as a reinforcement portion; the ratio of the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the first reinforcement layer, the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the second reinforcement layer, the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the third reinforcement layer, and the maximum thickness of the reinforcement portion of the fourth reinforcement layer is 28:29:14:

29.

8. The fender structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The first carbon fiber layer further includes a rounded area, the first carbon fiber layer further includes a woven body disposed in the rounded area and a plurality of raised portions disposed between the woven body and the second carbon fiber layer, the woven body being at least partially configured to be hollow; wherein the rounded area is adjacent to the first area; and / or The rounded area is adjacent to the second area.

9. The fender structure according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The raised portion has a first surface which is arranged along a raised direction of the raised portion and faces away from the braided main body. The first surface is configured as a plane, and the plane where the first surface is located is perpendicular to the raised direction.

10. The fender structure according to claim 9, It is characterized in that All the protrusions constitute a plurality of protrusion units, and the protrusion unit includes a plurality of the protrusions; The protrusion unit includes two first sub-protrusions spaced apart along the second direction and two second sub-protrusions spaced apart along the third direction, each of the first sub-protrusions has a first plane, and all of the second sub-protrusions have a second plane; the shapes of the first plane and the second plane are both configured as an isosceles triangle; the first surface includes the first plane and the second plane; The two first symmetry axes of the two first planes are parallel to the second direction and overlap with each other, and the two first sub-protrusions are symmetrically arranged relative to the third direction; the two second symmetry axes of the two second planes are parallel to the third direction and overlap with each other, and the two second sub-protrusions are symmetrically arranged relative to the second direction; the second direction, the third direction and the protrusion direction are perpendicular to each other.

11. The fender structure according to claim 10, It is characterized in that All the protrusion units are arranged in rows along the second direction and in columns along the third direction.

12. A vehicle, It is characterized in that It comprises a mounting part and the fender structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the mounting part is arranged in the mounting area.

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